Indirect QuestionsIndirect Questions

Stage 25Stage 25

Direct QuestionsDirect Questions

You have met many sentences like this:You have met many sentences like this:Ubi clamorem audivit?Ubi clamorem audivit?

Who heard the shout?Who heard the shout?

Ubi est captivus?Ubi est captivus?Where is the prisoner?Where is the prisoner?

These are called DIRECT QUESTIONS.These are called DIRECT QUESTIONS.

Indirect QuestionsIndirect Questions

In Stage 25, you have now met sentences like In Stage 25, you have now met sentences like this:this: centurio nesciebat quis clamorem audivisset.centurio nesciebat quis clamorem audivisset.

The centurion did not know who had heard the shout.The centurion did not know who had heard the shout.

equites cognoverunt ubi rex habitaret.equites cognoverunt ubi rex habitaret. The horsemen found out where the king was living.The horsemen found out where the king was living.

These are called INDIRECT QUESTIONS These are called INDIRECT QUESTIONS because the question is referred to but not because the question is referred to but not asked directly.asked directly.

FormationFormation

An indirect question is formed in the An indirect question is formed in the following way:following way:

head verb + question + subjunctivehead verb + question + subjunctive

word verbword verb

Head VerbsHead Verbs

Head Verbs are actions that happen inside your Head Verbs are actions that happen inside your head i.e. verbs of speaking, perceiving, hearing, head i.e. verbs of speaking, perceiving, hearing, knowing, and feeling.knowing, and feeling. Some examples of head verbs that we’ve seen:Some examples of head verbs that we’ve seen:

dicodico: to say: to say

rogorogo: to ask: to ask

inquitinquit: to say: to say

sentiosentio: to feel: to feel

scioscio: to know: to know

nescionescio: to not know: to not know

viditvidit: to see: to see

auditaudit: to hear: to hear

intelligointelligo: to understand: to understand

cognoscocognosco: to find out: to find out

explicoexplico: to explain: to explain

Question WordsQuestion Words

Question words are words that ask a question Question words are words that ask a question and can be used in direct and indirect questions.and can be used in direct and indirect questions.

Some examples of question words are:Some examples of question words are: curcur: why?: why? quisquis: who?: who?

quidquid: what?: what? quo modoquo modo: How?: How?

ubiubi – Where? or When? – Where? or When? quoquo: by whom?, by which?, where?, etc. : by whom?, by which?, where?, etc.

cuicui – to whom, to which – to whom, to which

Some ExamplesSome Examples Are these direct or indirect questions?Are these direct or indirect questions?

How are they translated?How are they translated?If it is an indirect question, what tense is the verb?If it is an indirect question, what tense is the verb?

1.1. quis puerum interfecit?quis puerum interfecit?2.2. nemo sciebat quis puerum interfecisset.nemo sciebat quis puerum interfecisset.3.3. ubi pecuniam invenerunt?ubi pecuniam invenerunt?4.4. iudex me rogavit ubi pecuniam invenissent.iudex me rogavit ubi pecuniam invenissent.5.5. Salvius nesciebat cur Quintus regem Salvius nesciebat cur Quintus regem

adiuvaret.adiuvaret.6.6. Cogidubnus cognovit quo modo Cephalus Cogidubnus cognovit quo modo Cephalus

venenum comparavisset.venenum comparavisset.7.7. Quintus scire voluit quid in templo esset.Quintus scire voluit quid in templo esset.8.8. Salvius tandem intellexit quo Quintus et Salvius tandem intellexit quo Quintus et

dumnorix fugerent.dumnorix fugerent.