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INDIA, PAKISTAN AND AFGHANISTAN
GDP/capita
India - $4,000
Pakistan - $3,100
Afghanistan - $1,100
Three Columns
1. OWN IT: you will list terms here that you know, can define, feel you understand completely
2. FAMILIAR W/IT: this column is for terms you have heard, might be able to fake knowing, but really aren’t sure exactly how to use
3. WHAT IS IT: this final column is for terms that are very new to you and that you know you must learn
The TERMS for you to sort and master:
Taj Mahal Hinduism Islam caste system Kashmir partition Pervez Musharraf al-Qaeda
Benazir Bhutto Osama bin-Laden drones Khyber Pass Taliban secular
Political
Physical
What is this?
Taj Mahal
Built from 1632-1653 It is a mausoleum for
the third wife of emperor Shah Jahan, who died during the birth of their 14th child
Should guilty seek asylum here,
Like one pardoned, he becomes free from sin.
Should a sinner make his way to this mansion,
All his past sins are to be washed away.
The sight of this mansion creates sorrowing sighs;
And the sun and the moon shed tears from their eyes.
In this world this edifice has been made;
To display thereby the creator’s glory.
India
Cut off from the rest of the continent by deserts, mountains and jungles.
Ancient culture – 3rd millennium BCE Hinduism developed 1500BCE
Amalgamation of many different influences over the centuries
Responsible for the ruling the practical aspects of life
Colonized by Britain – including Pakistan Partitioned in 1947 Pakistan and India separated (religious
differences)
Issues
Population 1.2 billion Feeding this many people is a problem Dependent on foreign aid
Caste system Steeped in tradition Does not allow movement between the
classes Poverty
400 million in dire poverty
Poverty
World-wide issue Read “The End of Extreme Poverty?”
Complete the (2-sided) worksheet on your own paper.
Issues
Population 1.2 billion Feeding this many people is a problem Dependent on foreign aid
Caste system Steeped in tradition Does not allow movement between the classes
Poverty 400 million in dire poverty
Kashmir Territorial dispute between India, Pakistan and
China
Kashmir
An agreement in 1947 gave control to India
After an undeclared war Pakistan retained control over 38%
Several wars later, the lines remain the same
What is this?
Mohenjo-daro
Ruins of the ancient Indus River civilization
Abandoned by the Indus people around the 19th century BCE
Rediscovered in 1922 Presently threatened
by erosion and improper restoration… why?
Pakistan
Under British control considered part of India
1947 partition – split from India and from itself… Bangladesh Earned their independence after a war with
India Since 1947, Pakistan has spent half that
time under military control Creates political and economic instability
1998 – both India and Pakistan test nuclear weapons
U.S. and Pakistan
Soviet invasion of Afghanistan in the 80s forced a relationship
Pakistan became dependent on aid Development of the nuclear weaponry severed
relations for a time 1999 – another military coup – Gen. Pervez
Musharraf became president After 9/11, the U.S. had to reestablish connections
with Pakistan to fight al-Qaeda in Afghanistan Strained relationship
Political strife – assassination of moderate Benazir Bhutto Osama bin Laden found in their country Drone strikes
What is this?
Khyber Pass
Mountain pass connecting Afghanistan and Pakistan
Very old – Silk Road Famous for many
invasions over the millennia Darius I Alexander the Great Genghis Khan
Afghanistan
Landlocked country No easy access to trade Crossroads
Borders have been determined by outsiders Majority ethnicity is the Pashtu people
Multiple minority ethnicities Ruling monarchy until 1973, coup led to downward spiral
Invasion by USSR in 1979 Withdrew in 1989 (their “Vietnam”) Resulted in chaos and warfare
Taliban regime takes control in 1996 Extremist Islamic law instituted Protected al-Qaeda