251

AAcute myocardial infarction, 60–61AFM. See Atomic force microscopyAnastomosis

AS-port proximal anastomosis system, 110EEA anastomosis stapler, 108–110GIA stapler, 108, 109TA stapler, 108, 109

Aneurysm flow, 48Angiographic trials, 92Angiography, 121–123Angioscopy, 141–142ARAMIS, 148, 149, 152–159, 162Artificial heart, 59Asymmetric liposome production, 217Atherectomy and plaque analysis

devices, 100excisional atherectomy, 102laser atherectomy, 102, 103orbital/rotational atherectomy, 102–104remote atherectomy, 101

Atherosclerosis, 99dyslipidemia (see Dyslipidemia)pathogenesis of, 90therapy and prevention of, 90–91

ATI. See Austin technology incubatorAtomic force microscopy (AFM)

biological applications, 173–174frequency modulation (FM), 169lubricant boundary films

characteristic morphology, 171–172

three-dimensional renditions, 170Si/SiN cantilever, 167–169

Austin technology incubator (ATI), 230Axial imaging with angiography

aorta and aortic valve, 121Dyna CT, 122–123process, 122

BBGA warpage measurement, 155Biomechanics, 157–158Biomedical computing

cancer-informaticsfine needle aspiration (FNA), 183multispectral imaging and cell

segmentation, 183–186cardiovascular informatics

CT, 178–179IVUS, 179–181

neuro-informaticsmouse brain, 182–183ORION, 181–182

Blood clot, 3–5

CCancer-informatics

fine needle aspiration (FNA), 183multispectral imaging and cell

segmentation, 183–186Cardiac assist devices

complications, 66–68heart failure, epidemiology of, 57–60long-term devices, 64–66pumps, 61–64short-term devices, 64, 65VAD support

acute myocardial infarction, 60–61

cardiogenic shock, 60–61chronic heart failure, 61myocarditis, 62postcardiotomy cardiogenic shock, 61ventricular arrhythmias, 62

Cardiac replacement, 59Cardiac transplantation, 58, 60, 61Cardiovascular disease, 99

Index

M.G. Davies et al. (eds.), Pumps and Pipes: Proceedings of the Annual Conference, DOI 10.1007/978-1-4419-6012-2_0, © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010

252 Index

Cardiovascular informaticsCT, 178–179IVUS, 179–181

Cardiovascular risk, 92Cardiovascular surgery, staplers, 110Carotid bifurcation, 48CARTO system, 125, 127CCD camera, 148, 184Cellular xenograft model, 193Cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide (CTAB),

205, 206, 215Chemical induction mortality, 198, 200Cholesterol, 91Chronic heart failure, 57–61Commercialization

vehicles, 235, 242, 249Vijay Jolly model of, 227

Completing multilateral wells, TAML classifications, 75–80

Computed tomographic angiography (CTA), 134–135

Computed tomography (CT), 119–122cardiovascular informatics, 178–179

Computer-assisted interventional systems, 34–36

Computerized axial tomography (CAT)DynaCT, 119, 121multiple horizontal slices, 119, 120slice of body, 119, 120

Computer model and protocol validation, 51–53

Continuous flow pumps, 62–64Coronary artery calcification (CAC), 178Coronary heart disease (CHD), 92CTA. See Computed tomographic angiography

D3D digital image correlation theory

ARAMIS sensor, 148, 149deformation and strain rates, 151–152measuring strain and deformation,

148, 150movement and shape change, 148–149surface coordinates, 148, 150

Dense nonaqueous phase liquids (DNAPLs) degradation, 209–210

Diabetic model development, 197. See also Stable diabetic model

Digital image correlation photogrammetry, 148Digital Imaging and Communications in

Medicine (DICOM), 1163-Dimensional imaging. See Magnetic

resonance imaging (MRI)Distributed computing, 51–53

DLS. See Dynamic light scatteringDrilling

automated robotic pipe handling system, 12cable drilling rig, 11mineral/hydrocarbon extraction, 10mud-pulse telemetry, 12–13rotary drilling rig, 10, 12

Drilling multilateral wellsmeasurement-while-drilling (MWD), 73precise and complex well architectures,

73–74window milling operation, 75

Drug delivery, nanotechnology, 216–2173D surfaces and interfaces, nanoscale imaging

AFM, 167–169application, 172–173lubricant boundary films, 169–172

STM, 166–167Dynamic light scattering (DLS),

212–216Dynamic MRA, 123–125Dyslipidemia

CHD risk, 91–92LDL-C and CHD, 92prevalence, 91treatment of

angiographic trials, 92carotid ultrasound trials, 93intensive statin vs. moderate statin

therapy, 93–94intravascular ultrasound trials, 93statin vs. placebo, 93–94

EEDS analysis, 212–213Embolic complications, 100, 104End-to-end (EEA) anastomosis stapler,

108–110Entrepreneurial expertise, 237–238Excisional atherectomy, 102

FFacet, 148, 150, 151, 153FFR. See Fractional flow reserveFine needle aspiration (FNA), 183Flexible robotics

catheter movement, 36endovascular graft placement, 37

Fluoroscopy unit, 128–129FNA. See Fine needle aspirationFractional flow reserve (FFR),

140–141Frequency modulation (FM), 169

253Index

GGastrointestinal anastomosis (GIA) stapler,

108, 109Glucotoxicity, 200–201

HHansen robot, 37Heart failure (HF)

AHA/ACC guidelines, 58mortality, 59VADs classification, 60

Heart transplantation, 58Hemodynamic simulation

balloon angioplasty, 50fluid-structure interaction (FSI) model,

49, 50hemodynamic flow modeling, 49–51

High-throughput in situ hybridization (HITISH), 182–183

HITISH. See High-throughput in situ hybridization

HOOK Hanger multilateral system, 78Human C-peptide levels, 198, 201, 202Human islet assessment. See also Stable

diabetic modeldiabetic vs. non-diabetic models, 195–197islet transplantation, 197–198in vitro viability assessment, 194–195

IImage-guided surgery, 26Imaging and navigation

axial imaging with angiography, registration of, 121–123

CARTO system, 125, 127CAT, 118–121definition, 1163D imaging, 128–129dynamic MRA, 123–125electrophysiology (EP), 125hybrid room, 116NAVx system, 125–126Siemens Zeego angiographic imaging

system, 126, 129types of, 116–119

Immunologic characteristics, NOD-scid mouse-strain, 196

Incubators. See pumps and pipes (P&P) development

Inferior vena cava filter. See Kimray–Greenfield inferior vena caval (IVC) filter

Inflammation, 90–91Intelligent control systems, 84

Intelligent multilateral wells, 80–81Intelligent well systems, 17Intracardiac procedures, 25Intravascular imaging

angioscopy, 141–142clinical needs, 134clinical situation, 133CTA, 134–135, 138–139diagnostic imaging, 134, 136FFR, 140–141MRI, 135–136OCT, 139–140palpography, 140ultrasound, 136–139, 141ultrasound molecular imaging, 142–143

Intravascular MRI, 135–136Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), 93,

136–139, 141cardiovascular informatics, 179–181

Islet transplantation, 197–198Islet viability assessment techniques, 194IVUS. See Intravascular ultrasound

KKimray–Greenfield inferior vena caval

(IVC) filter, 3–5

LLaser atherectomy, 102, 103Least square extrapolation technique, 49Left-ventricular assist devices (LVADs)

complications, 66–68continuous flow pumps, 62–64long-term devices, 64–66pulsatile pumps, 62short-term devices, 64, 65

Lipid therapy benefit, atherosclerosisclinical event trials

intensive statin vs. moderate statin therapy, 94

statin vs. placebo, 93–94imaging trials

angiographic trials, 92carotid ultrasound trials, 93intravascular ultrasound trials, 93

Liposomes, 216–217Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol

(LDL-C), 92Lubricant boundary films

characteristic morphology, 171–172three-dimensional renditions, 170

LVADs. See Left-ventricular assist devices (LVADs)

254 Index

MMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 115,

121–122advantages and limitations, 24image-guided surgery, 26intracardiac procedures, 25–28minimally invasive surgery (MIS), 21,

23, 28real-time image guidance, 21, 25soft-tissue contrast mechanisms, 22tissue pathophysiology, 24

Mechanical circulatory support, 59–61Medical robotics

flexible robotics, 36–38robotic imaging, 40–41surgical robotics, 38–40

Microemulsion, 204, 211Minimally-invasive surgery (MIS), 21, 23,

28, 34, 36Modern angiographic operating room,

128–129Mouse model, 200. See also Stable diabetic

modelMRI. See Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)Multilateral junction. See Technical

advancement of multilaterals (TAML)

Multilateral wellsadvantages and disadvantages, 81–82completing multilateral wells, 75–80, 82drilling multilateral wells, 73–75formation sands/layers, 72intelligent multilateral wells, 80–81laterals and main bore, wireless communi-

cation technology, 84–85Multispectral imaging and cell segmentation,

183–186

NNano-emulsion method, 205Nanoscale imaging. See 3D surfaces and

interfaces, nanoscale imagingNanoscale YBCO ceramic particles,

production of, 205Nano-superconductors, 204Nanotechnology, 165

asymmetric liposome production, 217characterization, 205dynamic light scattering, 212–216EDS analysis, 212environmental application, 209–210magnetic properties, 208–209material applications, 204

medical application, 216–217nanoscale YBCO ceramic particles,

production of, 205particle compositions and size character-

ization, 206–209SEM analysis, 210–212TGA analysis, 206YBCO powders, heat processing of, 205

Navier Stokes flow solution verificationcomputational fluid dynamics (CFD), 48laminar flow, 47least square extrapolation technique, 49Navier Stokes equations, 47–49partial differential equations (PDEs),

47–49NAVx system, 125–126Neuro-informatics

mouse brain, 182–183ORION, 181–182

Newtonian flow, 50NOD-scid mouse model. See Stable diabetic

modelNon-Newtonian flow, 50

OOCT. See Optical coherence tomographyOil and gas industry

downstream business, 10midstream business, 10, 18upstream business, 10

Oilfield automationdexterous manipulators, 16InTank inspection robot, 19intelligent completion, 17iRobot, 15, 16Micro Rig robotic intervention tool,

15, 16Panther ROV, 17pipeline inspection robot, 18Unimate robot, 9, 10

Oil industry and medical device company collaboration, 4

Oil pipelines, 4Oil well completions

coiled tubing tractors, 14–15electric wireline tractors, 15intelligent completions/smart wells, 16, 17intelligent untethered well tractor, 15, 16slickline and coiled tubing units, 14surface-controlled subsurface safety valve

(SCSSV), 13Optical coherence tomography (OCT),

139–140

255Index

Optical 3D deformation and strain measurement

biomechanics, 157–1583D digital image correlation theory

ARAMIS sensor, 148, 149deformation and strain rates, 151–152measuring strain and deformation,

148, 150movement and shape change, 148–149surface coordinates, 148, 150

high speed testing, 161–162high temperature measurements, 154–155materials testing and computer model

validationcomposite–complex luede bands,

transverse strain of, 152FEA comparison, 153–154shear loading, 153

microelectronics, 155–156structural testing, modal analysis and NVH

motor segment, modal analysis of, 158, 159

vibration modes, 159, 161wind turbine deformation, 159, 160

Optical metrology, 162Orbital/rotational atherectomy, 102–104ORION, 181–182

PPalpography, 140Peripheral arterial disease, 102Plaque analysis. See Atherectomy and plaque

analysisPlaque stabilization, 91, 92Posteriori error estimator, 48Pulmonary embolism, 3–4Pulsatile pumps, 62Pumps and pipes (P&P) development

executive summaryanalysis, 222–223feasibility study, 221–222methodology, 222problems, 223–234recommendations, 223

idea development continuum, 227–228incubation commercialization vehicles, 249incubators

academic support, 238–239entrepreneurial expertise, 237–238funding, 239–240Houston’s capacities, 234–235intellectual property (IP) expertise, 237market demand estimation, 240–242

mobilizing interest and endorsement, 229purpose and structure, 228–229recommendations, 242–246success and failure, 229–232technology expertise, 236Texas’s capacity, 232–233

methodologyinterviews, primary research, 225–226literature review, secondary research,

225survey, primary research, 226–227

nanotechnology, imaging, and robotics problems, 248

project overviewDeBakey-Noon LVAD, 224purpose and scope, 224–225

riskscompetition, 247intellectual property, 247lack of participation, 246–247

Pumps, VADs, 62–64

QQuality monitoring, 147

RRemote atherectomy, 101Reynolds number, 49Robot-assisted procedures

image-guided surgery, 26intracardiac procedures, 25–28minimally invasive surgery (MIS), 21,

23, 28MRI guidance, 22–30real-time image guidance, 21, 25remotely-actuated magnetic resonance-

compatible manipulators, 24surgical manipulator, 30

Robotics, 121, 127Rust and rupture. See Atherosclerosis

SSAGD method. See Steam-assisted gravity

drainage (SAGD) methodScanning tunneling microscopy (STM),

166–167SEM analysis, 210–212Sensei robotic system, 37Shear loading, 151–152Siemens Zeego angiographic imaging system,

126–129

256 Index

Skin staplers, 107–108Sludge and debris, 4Solder ball displacements and strains

measured, 156Solution method, YBCO, 205Soot, 171, 172Stable diabetic model

chemical induction mortality, 198, 200development method, 197human C-peptide levels, 198, 200, 201islet in vitro viability

assessment, 194–195diabetic vs. non-diabetic models,

195–197islet transplantation, 197–198streptozotocin dosing protocol, 198, 199

Stackable splitter system, 79–80Steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD)

method, 82–83Steerable robotic catheters, 38Stitches, 105STM. See Scanning tunneling microscopyStrain measurement. See Optical 3D deforma-

tion and strain measurementStrain rosette, 150–153Streptozotocin dosing protocol, 198, 199, 201Surgical glues, 111Surgical robotics

cardiovascular surgery, 38da Vinci surgical system, 38–40EndoWrist telemanipulation, 38robot-assisted surgery, 35robotic-assisted vascular catheterization, 35surgical assistance systems, 34

Surgical staplers, 106–107skin staplers, 107–108used in cardiovascular surgery

aortic staplers, 110AS-port proximal anastomosis system,

110used in general surgery

end-to-end anastomosis stapler, 108–110gastrointestinal anastomosis stapler,

108, 109transverse anastomosis stapler, 108, 109

Surgical sutures, 106

TTAML. See Technical advancement of

multilateralsTA stapler. See Transverse anastomosis (TA)

stapler

Technical advancement of multilaterals (TAML)level 1 junction, 76, 77level 2 junction, 76, 77level 3 junction, 77, 78level 4 junction, 77, 78level 5 junction, 78, 79level 6 junction, 79, 80

Telemetrymud-pulse telemetry, 12–13wired-pipe telemetry, 13, 14wireless telemetry, 17

Tethered remotely operated vehicles (ROVs), 16TGA. See Thermalgravimetric analysisThermalgravimetric analysis (TGA), 205, 206Three-dimensional (3D) imaging

3D vision, 38haptics and visualization, 34patient-specific model, 36techniques, 34

Transverse anastomosis (TA) stapler, 108, 109Transverse strain, composite–complex luede

bands, 151Trichloroethylene degradation, 214–216

UUltrasound molecular imaging, 142–143Ultrasound/ultrasonography imaging

aortic dissection, 117, 119cardiac echocardiography, 118carotid artery, 116–118vascular ultrasound, 118

Unimate robot, 9, 10

VVasa vasorum (VV), 179Vascular flow, 49Ventricular assist devices (VADs), 59–62. See

also Cardiac assist devicesblood–foreign surface interaction, 68complications, 66–67

VH. See Virtual HistologyVijay Jolly Model of technology commercial-

ization identifies, 222–223Virtual Histology (VH), 137Vulnerable plaque, 178VV. See Vasa vasorum

WWellbore, 74, 75Well monitoring, 84

257Index

Whipstock assembly, 73–75Window milling operation, 85Wind turbine deformation, 160Wireless downhole communication, 84–85

YYttrium barium copper oxide (YBCO-123)

AFM image, 207, 209

heat processing of, 205particle size distribution, DLS device,

206, 208production method, 204, 205X-ray pattern of, 206–208

ZZeego imaging system, 40