Index

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INDEX

Index Terms Links

B

Boundary layers and transition length 97

boundary layer formation in closed

conduits 98

boundary layer on a flat plate 97

zones of a typical boundary layer on a flat

plate 98

E

Electric motors, fundamentals of 148

electric motor torque 151

motor efficiency 153

motor features 151

motor speed 150

problems 157

squirrel-cage induction motors 148

symbol list 156

synchronous motors 149

variable-speed drives 155

wound-rotor induction motors 149

Engineered and natural water systems 2

Equations of motion 60

equations of motions and the

Navier-Stokes equations 62

Index Terms Links


F

Flow rate measurement 202

flow rate in open channels, measuring 207

flowmeters, comparison of 206

magnetic flowmeters 202

orifice plates 202

problems 211

symbols 211

turbine and propeller meters 206

ultrasonic flowmeters 202

venturi meter 202

Flow through noncircular cross sections 100

Fluid flow phenomena 81

flow through a closed conduit 82

Fluid flow problems, types of 109

Type 1 approach 109

solution 109

Type 2 approach 109

solution 109

Type 3 approach 110

example 110

solution 110

Fluid flow transients 229

occurrence or damage from transients

minimizing 243

pressure waves 234

velocity 238

problems 245

symbol list 245

unsteady flow 230

Fluid flow, fundamentals of 53

Index Terms Links


Fluid pressure 33

Croton Dam 34

gravitational force, Fg 37

pipe end cap, internal pressure on a 36

vertical component of the pressure

force on plane c, Fp,y(c) 37

vertical pressure force on plane a, Fpy(a) 37

water storage tanks 35

wedge-shaped fluid volume,

pressure on a 36

Fluid properties 13

density 13

Fluid statics 33

Fluidization of granular media 168

Friction in closed-conduit fluid flow 81

Friction loss from changes in velocity

direction and magnitude 100

example 106

flow disruption through sudden

enlargement 101

resistance coefficients

elbows 103

fully open valves 104

tee fittings 103

typical fitting resistance coefficients 102

Friction loss in flow through

granular media 159

Friction loss in granular media 162

derivation of friction loss equation 164

fluid flow in granular media

characteristics of 163

Index Terms Links


Friction reduction with polymer addition 99

friction reduction for dilute solutions of

polyethylene oxide 99

G

General balances 53

Granular media used in treatment

systems 159

granular activated carbon contractors 161

granular media filtration 159

transport flow through a control volume 54

M

Mass balances 54

macroscale mass balance 57

fluid element for three-dimensional

mass balance 56

mass balances, summary of 59

equalization tank 59

microscale mass balance 55

flow through two boundaries in a

system 57

N

Non-Newtonian fluids 111

example 114

laminar flow 84

example 88

disk-shaped element in steady

fluid flow in a closed conduit 84

Index Terms Links


Non-Newtonian fluids (Cont.)

laminar flow profile for Newtonian

and non-Newtonian fluids 113

solution 88

velocity distribution in a closed

conduit for laminar and

turbulent flow 86

Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluid shear

stress versus velocity gradient 112

problems 117

solution 114

symbol list 116

O

Open channel flow 247

hydraulic grade lines 259

Manning equation 247

example 251

solution 252

problems 260

specific energy of open channel flow 252

example 258

solution 258

Symbol list 260

P

Piping materials and corrosion 213

cement-based materials 214

copper alloys 213

corrosion principles 215

corrosion scales 218

Index Terms Links


Piping materials and corrosion (Cont.)

ferrous materials 213

forms of corrosion 221

concentration cell corrosion 223

localized corrosion 223

galvanic corrosion 221

uniform corrosion 221

reducing corrosion 224

thermoplastic materials 214

problems 227

symbol list 227

Pressure datums, defining 38

Pressure forces on curved surfaces 47

Pressure measurement 195

Bourdon tube 196

diaphragms 197

manometers 200

Pressure waves 234

occurrence or damage from transients

minimizing 243

velocity of the pressure wave 238

Pressure with elevation in a fluid column

variation of 39

fluid on a cylinder, forces on 40

two fluids on a manometer 43

Pumps and motors 119

cavitation 143

centrifugal pumps 125

axial flow centrifugal pumps 126

centrifugal pump configurations 127

mixed flow centrifugal pumps 126

Index Terms Links


Pumps and motors (Cont.)

principles 127

pump affinity laws 134

radial flow centrifugal pumps 126

net positive suction head 145

example 146

positive displacement pumps 124

pump characteristic curves 137

specific speed 141

example 143

system control 139

S

Static pressure forces on surfaces 44

differential force on a surface 45

Surface tension 22

vapor pressure 27

T

Thermodynamics 63

Bernoulli's equation 72

example 74

problems 77

solution 74

symbol list 76

energy balances 69

general system for energy balance

showing energy transfers 70

energy forms 64

internal energy 64

kinetic energy 64

Index Terms Links


Thermodynamics (Cont.)

other forms of energy 67

potential energy 65

energy transfer 67

Treatment systems and hydraulics,

Introduction to 1

Turbulent flow 91

calculation of friction factors for

turbulent flow 94

example 95

solution 95

pipe friction factors as a function

of relative roughness 93

velocity fluctuations in turbulent flow 92

V

Valve actuators 186

Valve applications, recommended, 183

Valve categories 176

Valve flow performance, 189

Valve materials 188

Valves 175

problems 192

symbol list 192

types 176

ball valves 177

butterfly valves 180

check valves 181

gate valves 179

globe valves 176

plug valves 181

pressure relief valves 183

Index Terms Links


Variation of pressure with elevation

in fluid column 39

Velocity gradient and shear stress 15

Newton's Law of Viscosity 15

non-Newtonian fluids 19

Bingham plastics 19

dilatants 21

pseudo plastics 20

viscosity, dependence of 22

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