Improved Estimates of the Industry Economic Accounts · 18.4 percent increase in motor vehicles, bodies and trailers, and parts manufacturing. ... U.S. economic growth accelerated

December2018 Volume98,Number12

ImprovedEstimatesoftheIndustryEconomicAccountsResultsofthe2018ComprehensiveUpdateByThomasF.HowellsIII,EdwardT.Morgan,andCaseyW.RossTaylorM.GrantandBlaireThomsoncontributedtotheanalysisinthisarticle.

On November 1 , the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) released estimates of real grossdomesticproduct(GDP)byindustryforthesecondquarterof2018,revisedannualestimatesfor1997through2017,andrevisedquarterlyestimatesforthefirstquarterof2005throughthefirstquarterof2018.Therevisedestimatesreflecttheresultsofthe2018comprehensiveupdatetotheIndustry Economic Accounts (IEAs). These accounts provide statistics on interactions amongindustries and the roles these industries play in the economy, including each industry’scontributiontoGDP.

Additionally,thereleaseincludesthenew2012supply-usetables(SUTs)aswellasupdated2007benchmark SUTs. The benchmark SUTs provide a detailed picture of the economy, showingrelationshipsamongapproximately405industriesandcommodities.TheyserveasthestatisticalfoundationforotherBEAestimates,astheyarefullyintegratedwiththeannualindustryaccountsand the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPAs). The full time series of annual SUTs,providing information on 71 industry categories, has been updated to be consistent with thebenchmarktables.

The statistics show that 16 of 22major industry groups contributed to an overall 4.2 percentincreaseinrealGDPinthesecondquarter.Economicgrowthwasledbyinformation;realestateand rental and leasing; and professional, scientific, and technical services. Together, theseindustriescontributed2.08percentagepointstooverallgrowth(chart1).

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https://apps.bea.gov/scb/index.htm

Estimates of real gross output and real intermediate inputs are available for both annual andquarterly IEA statistics. Annual statistics are available for 1947 forward. In addition, annualstatisticsfor138industriesarenowavailableaspartoftheunderlyingdetailfortheIEAsfor1997forward.Quarterlystatisticsarenowavailableat theexpanded71 industrypublication level forthefirstquarterof2005forward.

TheLatestSnapshotofU.S.Producers

Table1 shows thepercent changes in realvalueadded in the secondquarterof2018bymajorindustrygroup.

RealGDPincreasedata4.2percentannualizedrateinthesecondquarterof2018.Overall,16of22majorindustrygroupscontributedtoGDPgrowth.Information,theleadingcontributortoGDPgrowth,increased13.4percentinthesecondquarterafterincreasing4.3percent.Thesecond-quarterincreasewasdrivenbya30.3percentincreaseindataprocessing,internetpublishing,andotherinformationservices.Realestateandrentalandleasing,thesecondleadingcontributortoGDPgrowth,increased5.3percentafterincreasing2.7percent.Thisisthelargestgrowthratesincethethirdquarterof2013.Thisgrowthprimarilyreflectedan18.0percentincreaseinotherrealestate.Professional,scientific,andtechnicalservicesincreased9.3percent,thelargestincreasesincethethirdquarterof2014,afterincreasing6.0percent.Theincreasewasledbya9.2percentincreaseinmiscellaneousprofessional,scientific,andtechnicalservices.Miningincreased11.7percentafterdecreasing18.0percent.Thisgrowthwasmainlydrivenbyan8.0percentincreaseinoilandgasextraction.Healthcareandsocialassistanceincreased4.7percentafterincreasing4.6percent,primarilyreflectinga7.0percentincreaseinambulatoryhealthcareservices.Durable-goodsmanufacturingincreased7.3percentafterdecreasing4.7percent,thestrongestgrowthratesincethethirdquarterof2014.Theincreaseprimarilyreflectedan18.4percentincreaseinmotorvehicles,bodiesandtrailers,andpartsmanufacturing.

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https://apps.bea.gov/scb/2018/12-december/images/1218-iea-chart-1-lg.png

Nondurablegoodsdecreased3.7percentafterincreasing12.1percent.Thesecond-quarterdecreasewasattributedtoa36.1percentdecreaseinpetroleumandcoalproducts,whichwaspartiallyoffsetbya7.1percentincreaseinchemicalproducts.Financeandinsurancedecreased2.0percentafterdecreasing5.5percent.Thedecreasewasdrivenbya15.0percentdecreaseinsecurities,commoditycontracts,andinvestments.

Table1.PercentChangesinRealValueAddedbyIndustryGroup[Seasonallyadjustedatannualrates]

Line2017 2018

I II III IV I II1 Grossdomesticproduct 1.8 3.0 2.8 2.3 2.2 4.22 Privateindustries 1.7 3.1 2.9 2.3 2.3 4.43 Agriculture,forestry,fishing,andhunting −4.8 −7.8 −9.1 −4.9 −8.2 8.54 Mining 4.3 30.8 14.1 −5.0 −18.0 11.75 Utilities −10.3 9.4 −6.3 8.4 −7.2 19.16 Construction 1.5 −2.8 1.0 6.7 4.0 2.67 Manufacturing 7.8 3.5 0.9 6.8 7.9 2.38 Durablegoods 3.5 4.6 6.1 6.9 4.7 7.39 Nondurablegoods 13.8 2.1 −5.4 6.7 12.1 −3.710 Wholesaletrade 1.7 2.8 1.7 3.9 0.8 2.611 Retailtrade 1.4 6.2 7.9 1.2 7.6 −1.012 Transportationandwarehousing 4.0 4.1 3.7 −0.2 6.4 −0.213 Information 3.2 12.1 11.1 7.2 4.3 13.414 Finance,insurance,realestate,rental,andleasing −1.2 −2.1 1.5 −1.7 −0.3 2.615 Financeandinsurance −6.1 −8.8 3.6 −7.7 −5.5 −2.016 Realestateandrentalandleasing 1.8 2.0 0.3 1.8 2.7 5.317 Professionalandbusinessservices 4.2 5.8 4.8 4.4 3.5 7.818 Professional,scientific,andtechnicalservices 1.9 6.3 3.7 3.5 6.0 9.319 Managementofcompaniesandenterprises 7.1 5.7 10.8 10.5 −1.7 4.820 Administrativeandwastemanagementservices 7.8 4.8 3.7 2.7 0.9 6.021 Educationalservices,healthcare,andsocialassistance 0.9 2.5 1.3 1.9 4.4 3.922 Educationalservices −9.9 −0.2 3.2 1.0 3.0 −0.523 Healthcareandsocialassistance 2.8 2.9 1.0 2.0 4.6 4.724 Arts,entertainment,recreation,accommodation,andfoodservices −1.0 4.1 2.7 −0.9 −3.3 6.725 Arts,entertainment,andrecreation −7.4 10.7 11.8 −3.5 −5.1 9.526 Accommodationandfoodservices 1.5 1.8 −0.5 0.1 −2.7 5.727 Otherservices,exceptgovernment −1.7 2.5 3.3 1.1 0.0 4.228 Government 1.1 −0.1 0.3 0.0 −0.9 0.629 Federal 0.6 −0.7 0.1 −0.6 −1.5 −0.230 Stateandlocal 1.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 −0.6 0.9

Addenda:31 Privategoods-producingindustries 5.3 3.2 1.3 5.2 3.8 3.432 Privateservices-producingindustries 0.8 3.0 3.3 1.6 2.0 4.7

1. Consistsofagriculture,forestry,fishing,andhunting;mining;construction;andmanufacturing.2. Consistsofutilities;wholesaletrade;retailtrade;transportationandwarehousing;information;finance,insurance,realestate,rental,andleasing;professionalandbusinessservices;educationalservices,healthcare,andsocialassistance;arts,entertainment,recreation,accommodation,andfoodservices;andotherservices,exceptgovernment.

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Table2showseachindustry’scontributiontotherealGDPgrowthinthesecondquarterof2018.

U.S.economicgrowthacceleratedinthesecondquarterof2018,increasing4.2percentafterincreasing2.2percentinthefirstquarter.Overall,17outof22majorindustrygroupscontributedtotheaccelerationineconomicactivity.MiningwastheleadingcontributortotheaccelerationinrealGDPgrowth,contributing0.17percentagepointtoGDPgrowthaftersubtracting0.30percentagepointinthefirstquarter.Theaccelerationwasdrivenbyoilandgasextraction.Informationwasthesecond-largestcontributortotheaccelerationinrealGDPgrowth,contributing0.70percentagepointaftercontributing0.23percentagepoint.Thesecond-quarteraccelerationwasdrivenprimarilybydataprocessing,internetpublishing,andotherinformationservices.Utilitiesturnedup,contributing0.28percentagepointaftersubtracting0.12percentagepoint.Realestateandrentalandleasingaccelerated,contributing0.70percentagepointaftercontributing0.36percentagepoint.Theaccelerationwasdrivenbyanupturninotherrealestate.Nondurablegoods,whichturneddown,wasthelargestoffsettingindustrygrouptoGDPgrowth,subtracting0.19percentagepointaftercontributing0.58percentagepoint.Adownturninpetroleumandcoalproductsdrovethisresult.Retailtradeturneddown,subtracting0.06percentagepointtoGDPgrowthaftercontributing0.41percentagepoint.Thiswasledbyadecelerationinotherretailandadownturninmotorvehicleandpartsdealers.

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GDP

Table2.ContributionstoPercentChangeinRealGDPbyIndustryGroup[Percentagepoints,seasonallyadjustedatannualrates]

Line2017 2018

I II III IV I II1 Grossdomesticproduct 1.8 3.0 2.8 2.3 2.2 4.22 Privateindustries 1.45 2.66 2.54 2.02 2.03 3.893 Agriculture,forestry,fishing,andhunting −0.04 −0.07 −0.08 −0.04 −0.07 0.074 Mining 0.03 0.34 0.17 −0.08 −0.30 0.175 Utilities −0.17 0.14 −0.10 0.13 −0.12 0.286 Construction 0.06 −0.11 0.04 0.26 0.16 0.117 Manufacturing 0.84 0.39 0.10 0.74 0.88 0.268 Durablegoods 0.21 0.28 0.38 0.43 0.29 0.459 Nondurablegoods 0.63 0.10 −0.28 0.32 0.58 −0.1910 Wholesaletrade 0.10 0.17 0.10 0.24 0.05 0.1611 Retailtrade 0.08 0.34 0.43 0.07 0.41 −0.0612 Transportationandwarehousing 0.12 0.13 0.12 −0.01 0.20 0.0013 Information 0.17 0.61 0.57 0.38 0.23 0.7014 Finance,insurance,realestate,rental,andleasing −0.24 −0.43 0.31 −0.36 −0.07 0.5515 Financeandinsurance −0.48 −0.69 0.27 −0.60 −0.43 −0.1416 Realestateandrentalandleasing 0.24 0.27 0.04 0.24 0.36 0.7017 Professionalandbusinessservices 0.51 0.71 0.59 0.54 0.43 0.9618 Professional,scientific,andtechnicalservices 0.14 0.46 0.28 0.26 0.44 0.6819 Managementofcompaniesandenterprises 0.13 0.11 0.20 0.19 −0.03 0.0920 Administrativeandwastemanagementservices 0.23 0.15 0.11 0.08 0.03 0.1821 Educationalservices,healthcare,andsocialassistance 0.08 0.22 0.11 0.16 0.37 0.3422 Educationalservices −0.13 0.00 0.04 0.01 0.04 −0.0123 Healthcareandsocialassistance 0.21 0.22 0.07 0.15 0.34 0.3424 Arts,entertainment,recreation,accommodation,andfoodservices −0.04 0.17 0.11 −0.04 −0.14 0.2725 Arts,entertainment,andrecreation −0.08 0.11 0.12 −0.04 −0.06 0.1026 Accommodationandfoodservices 0.04 0.05 −0.01 0.00 −0.08 0.1727 Otherservices,exceptgovernment −0.04 0.05 0.07 0.02 0.00 0.0928 Government 0.14 −0.01 0.03 0.00 −0.11 0.0729 Federal 0.02 −0.03 0.00 −0.02 −0.06 −0.0130 Stateandlocal 0.11 0.01 0.03 0.02 −0.06 0.08

Addenda:31 Privategoods-producingindustries 0.89 0.55 0.23 0.88 0.67 0.6132 Privateservices-producingindustries 0.56 2.11 2.31 1.14 1.36 3.28

Grossdomesticproduct1. Theestimatesofgrossdomesticproductunderthecontributionscolumnsarepercentchanges.2. Consistsofagriculture,forestry,fishing,andhunting;mining;construction;andmanufacturing.3. Consistsofutilities;wholesaletrade;retailtrade;transportationandwarehousing;information;finance,insurance,realestate,rental,andleasing;professionalandbusinessservices;educationalservices,healthcare,andsocialassistance;arts,entertainment,recreation,accommodation,andfoodservices;andotherservices,exceptgovernment.

Note.Percentage-pointcontributionsdonotsumtothepercentchangeinrealgrossdomesticproductbecausetheindustrydetailsarecalculatedusingsourcedataandmethodologiesthatdifferfromthoseusedtocalculategrowthinthetop-line,expenditure-basedmeasureofrealGDP.

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ComprehensiveUpdateHighlights

Comprehensiveupdates,whichoccurapproximatelyevery5years,differfromannualupdatesinthe scope of improvements and in the number of years subject to revision. They provideopportunities forBEA tomakechanges to itseconomicaccounts to increase theoverallquality,relevance,andaccuracyoftheaccounts,whilebetterreflectingtheevolvingU.S.economy.

The2018comprehensiveupdateintroducedthreemajortypesofimprovements:(1)integrationwiththe2012benchmarkSUTsandthe2018comprehensiveupdateoftheNIPAs,(2)changesindefinitionsandclassifications,whichupdatetheaccountstomoreaccuratelyportraythedynamicU.S. economy and to better facilitate comparisons with economic data available from othercountries, and (3) statistical changes, which update the accounts through the use of new andimproved estimation methods and newly available and revised source data, including theEconomic Census, which is used to benchmark the accounts. Combined, these improvementsenable theaccounts to continue toaccuratelymeasure the structureof theU.S. economy.Majoradditions and changes that were introduced in the 2018 comprehensive update include thefollowing:

Incorporationoftheresultsofthe2018comprehensiveupdateoftheNIPAs.AshiftinemphasistowardSUTsconsistentwithinternationalrecommendationsfromthe2008SystemofNationalAccounts(SNA2008)andawayfromthecurrentmake-useframework.Releaseofthenew2012detailedbenchmarkSUTs.Releaseofupdated2007detailedbenchmarkSUTsconsistentwiththefulltimeseriesofannualtablesaswellasthenew2012benchmarktables.Updatedindustryandcommoditydefinitionsconsistentwiththe2012NorthAmericanIndustryClassificationSystem(NAICS).Introductionofmoredetailedannualdataonvalueadded,grossoutput,andintermediateinputsatroughlythefour-digitNAICSlevelofdetail(138industries)aspartoftheunderlyingdetailfortheIEAs.Currently,themostdetailedannualdataarepublishedatroughlythethree-digitNAICSlevel(71industries).

ThebenchmarkSUTsA major highlight of the 2018 comprehensive update to the IEAs is the release of the 2012benchmark SUTs. Benchmark tables provide a detailed picture of the economy, showingrelationshipsamonghundredsofindustriesandcommodities.Benchmarktablesalsoserveasthestatistical foundation for other BEA estimates, including GDP. More specifically, the levels andcommoditydistributionsoffinal-usecategoriesaresetaspartofareconciliationprocessbetweenproduction-baseddatafromtheSUTframeworkandexpenditure-baseddatafromtheNIPAs.

Beginning with this update, BEA's featured set of input-output tables will be presented in thesupply-use framework, as recommended in the SNA 2008. With this change, U.S. data will bepresentedusing valuations and apresentational formatmore comparable to international data.Althoughthesupply-useformatwillbethefeaturedsetofinput-outputtables,BEAwillcontinuetopublishdatainthecurrentmake-useformatassupplementarytables.

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http://www.bea.gov/industry/input-output-accounts-data

ChangesindefinitionAs part of the 2018 comprehensive update, several major changes in definition will beincorporatedintoboththeIEAsandtheNIPAs,reflectingongoingworktofurtherintegratethesetwosetsofstatistics.Thesechangesincludethefollowing:

Reclassificationofresearchanddevelopment(R&D)forsoftwareoriginalsfromown-accountsoftware(OAS)toown-accountR&DRecognitionofcapitalservicesinown-accountinvestmentinsoftwareandR&DReclassificationof“other”stateandlocalpersonalcurrenttaxesas“other”taxesonproduction

Inthesupplytable,industriesthatproducesoftwareinvestmentsawadecreaseintheirsecondaryproductionofOASandanoffsettingincreaseintheirproductionofown-accountR&D,resultinginanoverallincreaseinthedomesticsupplyofR&Dandacorrespondingdecreaseinthedomesticsupplyof software.For1987–2001, the revisions forown-account softwareandR&Drelated tosoftwareoriginalsoffsetoneanother.For2002forward,therevisionsdeviatedfromoneanother,reflecting slightly revisedassumptionsused in estimatingown-account software. In2012, own-account softwarewas revised down $53.4 billion,whileR&Dwas revised up $62.0 billion. Therevisionseachfallwithinprivatefixedinvestment(PFI),resultinginanetupwardimpactontotalPFIandGDP.

Theincorporationofcapitalservicesintoown-accountinvestmentinsoftwareandR&Dindustriesthat produce these commodities resulted in an overall upward revision in production value ofabout$11.2billion in2012.Between2012and2017, the revisions ranged from$11.2 to$14.4billion. The resulting increase is absorbed in the use table by corresponding increases innonresidential private fixed investment in intellectual property products, which resulted inupwardrevisionstobothtotalPFIandGDP.

Finally,thereclassificationofselectedstateandlocalpayrolltaxesfrompersonalcurrenttaxestotaxesonproductionandimportsledtooffsetting$1.6billionrevisionsintheusetablein2012,asthisvaluewasreassignedfromgrossoperatingsurplustoothertaxesonproduction.Thischangelefttotalvalueaddedbyindustryunaffected.

ChangesinclassificationIEAstatisticsreleasedaspartofthe2018comprehensiveupdateareclassifiedandpresentedona2012NAICSbasis;previously,thestatisticswereclassifiedandpresentedona2007NAICSbasis.Overall, changesstemming fromusing the2012NAICSaresmall; themanufacturing,wholesale,andretailtradesectorshaveseveralchanges,butnoneinvolvedreclassificationtoanothersector.

With the release of the 2018 IEA comprehensive update, BEA published 405 industries in the2012benchmark SUTs, comparedwith 388 industries in the 2007benchmark SUTs.Wholesaleand retail tradewere among the largest expansions. To provide amore detailed assignment oftrademarginswithin the supply-use framework, secondary production of retail andwholesalecommoditieswas broken-out to reflect the specific type of retail orwholesale commodity. Thisreallocation representsa significant improvement in the specificityandgranularityof the trademargin data. For wholesale trade, BEA published 11 industries in 2012; in 2007, BEA onlypublishedatotalwholesaletradeaggregate.Forretailtrade,BEApublished9industriesin2012,comparedwith4industriesin2007(table3).

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Table3.EffectsofExpandingIndustryDetailintheIndustryEconomicAccounts2007BEAcodes

Previouspublicationlevel

2012BEAcodes

Newpublicationlevel

HS RealestateHSO Owner-occupiedhousingservicesHST Tenant-occupiedhousingservices

524100 Insurancecarriers524113 Directlifeinsurancecarriers5241X Insurancecarriers,exceptdirectlife

524200 Insuranceagencies,brokerages,andrelatedactivities 524200 Insuranceagencies,brokerages,andrelated

activities

GSLG Generalstateandlocalgovernmentservices

GSLGE Stateandlocalgovernmenteducationalservices

GSLGH Stateandlocalgovernmenthospitalsandhealthservices

GSLGO Stateandlocalgovernmentotherservices

420000 Wholesaletrade

423100 Motorvehicleandmotorvehiclepartsandsupplies

423400 Professionalandcommercialequipmentandsupplies

423600 Householdappliancesandelectricalandelectronicgoods

423800 Machinery,equipment,andsupplies423A00 Otherdurablegoodsmerchantwholesalers424200 Drugsanddruggists’sundries424400 Groceryandrelatedproductwholesalers424700 Petroleumandpetroleumproducts424A00 Othernondurablegoodsmerchantwholesalers

425000 Wholesaleelectronicmarketsandagentsandbrokers

4200ID Customsduties

4A0000 Otherretail

444000 Buildingmaterialandgardenequipmentandsuppliesdealers

446000 Healthandpersonalcarestores447000 Gasolinestations448000 Clothingandclothingaccessoriesstores454000 Nonstoreretailers4B0000 Allotherretail

StatisticalimprovementsStatisticalimprovementsarechangesinestimationprocedurestoincorporatenewandimprovedmethods as well as newly available and revised source data. Several notable improvements instatisticalmethodswere introducedwith the releaseof the2018 comprehensiveupdate.Theseimprovementsincludethefollowing:

ReclassificationoftaxesIntroductionofnewdigitalmediaproductlinestotheinformationsector

Theupdatesintaxesimprovedthedistinctionbetween“taxesonproducts”(TOP)and“othertaxesonproduction”(OTOP),whichismoreconsistentwiththerecommendationsoftheSNA2008andenhances the compatibility of theNIPAmeasures of taxes on production and importswith themeasuresintheindustryaccounts.Thechangeshadnoaggregateeffectontheestimates,astheyrepresentreassignmentofvalueratherthantheintroductionofnewvaluetotheSUTs.However,theupdateddistributionoftaxesacrossdifferentcategoriessignificantlyenhancestheaccuracyofTOPsbycommodityandOTOPsbyindustry.

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The incorporationofnewdigitalmediaproductsto informationsectoroutputestimatesreflectsnew 2012 Economic Census revenue data that captures downloads of electronic media forpermanentownership.Inaddition,theaccountsnowcaptureretailtradesalesstatisticsfor“videocontent downloads,” the retail trade industry's secondary production of digital downloads.Althoughthisnewoutputrepresentsasmallupwardrevision(lessthan$1billion)in2012,BEAexpects digital media content to show significant growth moving forward. With the risingimportanceofthedigitaleconomy,incorporatingthisimprovementisakeysteptowardcapturingthisdynamicandrapidlychangingsectoroftheeconomywithimprovedaccuracy.

SourcedataThe primary data source for the benchmark SUTs is the Economic Census, which the CensusBureau conducts every 5 years. The Economic Census is the preferred data source because itprovides the most comprehensive data available in terms of industry coverage and capturesactivityintherelevanteconomicunitsforthoseindustries.TheEconomicCensuscollectsdataatthe level of the smallest operatingunit, the “establishment,” andprovidesmost of the essentialdata required for the tables, including inventories, receipts and expenses of businessestablishmentsandofgovernment,salesbydetailedindustryandproductline,finalindustryandproductshipments,inputcostsbygeneralcategory,andtrademargins.

For2014 through2017, theupdated estimates reflect the incorporationof newly available andrevised source data, which are regularly included in the annual updates, and which becameavailableaftertheannualupdateinNovemberof2017.Thesedataincludethefollowing:

AnnualSurveyofStateandLocalGovernmentsforfiscalyear2015(revised)and2016(new)AnnualSurveyofManufacturesfor2015(revised)and2016(new)AnnualSurveyofWholesaleTradefor2015(revised)and2016(new)AnnualRetailTradeSurveyfor2015(revised)and2016(new)ServiceAnnualSurveyfor2016(revised)and2017(new)ValueofConstructionPutinPlaceSurveyfor2015and2016(revised)and2017(preliminary)OfficeofManagementandBudgetfederalgovernmentbudgetdataforfiscalYear2017(revised)and2018(new)BEAdatafor2015–2017(revised)fromtheInternationalTransactionsAccountsBureauofLaborStatistics(BLS)QuarterlyCensusofEmploymentandWagesfor2014–2016(revised)InternalRevenueService(IRS)tabulationsofcorporatetaxreturnsfor2015(revised)andfor2016(new)IRStabulationsofsoleproprietorshipandpartnershiptaxreturnsfor2016(new)U.S.DepartmentofAgriculturefarmstatisticsfor2015–2017(revised)

Principal sources of data used to construct current-dollar and chained-dollar estimates forbenchmarkandnonbenchmarkyearscanbefoundintableAandtableBattheendofthisarticle.PrincipalsourcesofdatausedtoconstructthequarterlyestimatescanbefoundintableC,alsoattheendofthisarticle.

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GrossoutputStarting in2010,data from theCensusBureauServiceAnnualSurvey (SAS) replacedBureauofTransportation Statistics (BTS) data as the annual indicator for the air transportation industry.The SAS data provided break-outs of domestic and international freight and passengertransportation that assisted in the construction of improved supply-use tables. The EconomicCensuswasusedtoestablishthe2007and2012pillarestimatesforthetimeseries,andthe2007levelwasbackcastto1997usingdatafromBTS.BTSdatawasalsousedasthesourceindicatorupto2010,whenitwasreplacedwithSASdatatocompletethetimeseries.

ForIEAquarterlystatistics,theCensusBureauQuarterlyServicesSurvey(QSS)dataareusedasoutputindictorsinplaceofexistingNIPApersonalconsumptionexpenditures(PCE)estimatesforeducational services and accommodation services. NIPA PCE indicators capture personalconsumption anddonot includebusiness intermediate purchases,while theQSSdata capturesboth. Output estimates for the educational services industry and the accommodation servicesindustry were improved by the replacement because the QSS data more accurately reflectactivitiesthatareconceptuallyincludedinthoseindustries.

PricesBEAcontinuallystrivestoimprovethepriceindexesusedthroughouttheindustryaccountsandconsults regularly with colleagues at BEA, BLS, and the Federal Reserve Board. BEA hasintroducedseveralimprovedindexesandextendedimprovementsintroducedinpriorupdates.

Software,medicalequipment,andcommunicationsequipment.Software,medicalequipment,and communications equipment typically experience rapid innovation and are associated withstate-of-the-art technologies. Such products present challenges when using standard matched-modeltechniquestoconstructquality-adjustedpriceindexes.Aspartofthe2018comprehensiveupdate, BEA introduced several improved indexes and extended improvements that wereintroduced in prior updates to previous years to improve the deflation of output measures ofsoftware,medicalequipment,andcommunicationsequipment.

Amusement, gambling, and recreation. Three new BLS producer price indexes becameavailablewithin “amusement, gambling, and recreation” andwere incorporated into the annualandquarterlytimeseries,replacingmoreaggregatedPCEdeflatorsfromtheNIPAs.

Motionpictureandsoundrecording. Intermediatebusinesspurchasesof licensingmakeupasubstantialportionofmotionpictureandsoundrecordingoutput.ABLSproducerpriceindexwasincorporated to improvedeflationof thisoutput, replacingmoreaggregatedPCEdeflators fromtheNIPAsthatlargelycapturepersonalconsumption.

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Revisions

ThepercentchangeinrealGDPgrowthforthefirstquarterof2018wasrevisedup0.2percentagepointto2.2percentfromthepreviouslypublished2.0percent(table4).Thisrevisionreflectedanupwardrevisiontotheproductionofprivateindustries(bothgoodsandservices).Thedirectionofgrowthinrealvalueaddedwasrevisedfor5of22majorindustrygroups.

Nondurable-goodsmanufacturingwasrevisedup8.4percentagepoints,drivingtheupwardrevisionwithinprivategoods-producingindustries;value-addedgrowthinthisindustrygroupwasrevisedupto12.1percentfrom3.8percent.Professional,scientific,andtechnicalserviceswasthesecondleadingdriveroftheupwardrevisiontorealvalueaddedandtheprimarydriveroftheupwardrevisionwithinprivateservices-producingindustries.Value-addedgrowthinthisindustrygroupwasrevisedup4.2percentagepointsto6.0percentfrom1.8percent.TheupwardrevisiontorealGDPgrowthwasoffsetbyadownwardrevisionof7.8percentagepointstofinanceandinsurance,whichwasreviseddownto−5.5percentfrom2.2percent.

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Table4.PercentChangeinRealValueAddedbyIndustryGroup:AnnualRevisionsfor2015–2017andFirstQuarterRevisionsfor2018–Continues

Line1997–2002(Average) 2002–2007(Average) 2007–2012(Average)

UpdatedStatistics

PreviousStatistics Revision Updated

StatisticsPreviousStatistics Revision Updated

StatisticsPreviousStatistics Revision

1 Grossdomesticproduct 3.2 3.2 0.0 2.8 2.7 0.1 1.0 0.8 0.12 Privateindustries 3.4 3.4 0.0 2.9 2.8 0.2 0.8 0.7 0.2

3 Agriculture,forestry,fishing,andhunting 3.1 3.0 0.1 2.3 2.5 −0.2 −1.5 −0.8 −0.7

4 Mining 1.6 0.9 0.7 2.8 0.6 2.2 3.9 5.4 −1.65 Utilities −0.1 0.2 −0.3 1.7 0.7 1.0 3.2 0.9 2.36 Construction 1.5 1.3 0.2 −0.5 −0.7 0.2 −5.2 −4.4 −0.87 Manufacturing 2.7 2.7 0.0 4.3 3.8 0.4 −0.5 −0.2 −0.28 Durablegoods 4.5 4.4 0.1 6.0 5.5 0.5 2.2 1.6 0.69 Nondurablegoods 0.2 0.3 −0.1 2.1 1.8 0.3 −3.3 −2.0 −1.310 Wholesaletrade 4.2 4.1 0.1 3.6 4.0 −0.4 0.4 −0.4 0.811 Retailtrade 4.9 4.5 0.4 2.0 2.0 0.0 −1.4 −0.8 −0.5

12 Transportationandwarehousing −0.9 −0.8 −0.2 3.0 3.6 −0.5 −0.1 0.1 −0.2

13 Information 7.2 6.8 0.5 7.4 6.9 0.5 3.4 2.8 0.7

14 Finance,insurance,realestate,rental,andleasing 4.4 4.9 −0.4 2.5 2.5 0.0 1.8 1.5 0.3

15 Financeandinsurance 7.0 8.3 −1.4 1.8 1.9 −0.1 1.3 1.1 0.3

16 Realestateandrentalandleasing 3.0 2.9 0.1 2.9 2.9 0.0 2.3 2.0 0.3

17 Professionalandbusinessservices 3.8 3.7 0.1 2.9 2.7 0.2 2.4 2.0 0.4

18 Professional,scientific,andtechnicalservices 4.4 4.1 0.3 3.1 2.8 0.3 2.9 2.1 0.8

19 Managementofcompaniesandenterprises 2.3 2.3 0.0 −1.0 −0.5 −0.5 1.6 1.3 0.3

20 Administrativeandwastemanagementservices 3.6 3.8 −0.3 4.8 4.7 0.1 1.9 2.2 −0.3

21 Educationalservices,healthcare,andsocialassistance 2.8 2.5 0.2 3.2 3.0 0.3 2.5 2.1 0.4

22 Educationalservices 2.1 1.9 0.1 2.3 2.5 −0.3 3.3 2.3 1.0

23 Healthcareandsocialassistance 2.9 2.6 0.3 3.4 3.1 0.3 2.4 2.1 0.4

24Arts,entertainment,recreation,accommodation,andfoodservices

2.7 2.6 0.1 2.1 2.2 −0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0

25 Arts,entertainment,andrecreation 1.5 1.4 0.1 2.6 2.9 −0.3 2.3 1.3 1.0

26 Accommo-dationandfoodservices 3.1 3.0 0.1 1.9 1.9 −0.1 −0.5 −0.2 −0.4

27 Otherservices,exceptgovernment 0.0 −0.1 0.0 0.0 −0.1 0.1 −2.2 −1.9 −0.3

28 Government 1.4 1.4 0.0 1.1 1.1 0.0 0.4 0.6 −0.229 Federal 0.2 0.2 0.0 1.3 1.3 −0.1 1.4 1.5 −0.130 Stateandlocal 2.1 2.0 0.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 −0.1 0.2 −0.2

Addenda:

31 Privategoods-producingindustries 2.4 2.3 0.1 3.0 2.5 0.5 −1.2 −0.6 −0.5

32 Privateservices-producingindustries 3.7 3.7 0.0 2.9 2.9 0.1 1.4 1.0 0.3

33Information-communications-technology-producingindustries

12.9 12.9 0.0 11.2 11.0 0.2 6.7 4.5 2.2

1

2

3


3. Consistsofcomputerandelectronicproductmanufacturing(excludingnavigational,measuring,electromedical,andcontrolinstrumentsmanufacturing);softwarepublishers;broadcastingandtelecommunications;dataprocessing,hostingandrelatedservices;InternetpublishingandbroadcastingandWebsearchportals;andcomputersystemsdesignandrelatedservices.

– 12 –

Table4.PercentChangeinRealValueAddedbyIndustryGroup:AnnualRevisionsfor2015–2017andFirstQuarterRevisionsfor2018–Continues

Line2013 2014 2015

UpdatedStatistics




1 Grossdomesticproduct 1.8 1.7 0.1 2.5 2.6 −0.1 2.9 2.9 0.02 Privateindustries 1.9 1.8 0.1 2.7 2.8 −0.1 3.1 3.1 0.1

3 Agriculture,forestry,fishing,andhunting 16.6 17.0 −0.4 0.5 −0.8 1.3 6.7 7.6 −0.9

4 Mining 3.9 6.7 −2.8 9.9 8.9 1.1 8.4 5.8 2.65 Utilities −1.1 −0.8 −0.2 −4.2 −3.1 −1.1 −0.6 −1.4 0.86 Construction 2.5 2.8 −0.3 1.3 1.8 −0.5 4.2 5.3 −1.17 Manufacturing 3.1 2.0 1.1 1.0 1.5 −0.5 0.5 0.9 −0.48 Durablegoods 2.5 1.2 1.2 0.8 1.5 −0.7 1.3 0.2 1.19 Nondurablegoods 3.8 2.8 1.0 1.2 1.6 −0.4 −0.4 1.7 −2.110 Wholesaletrade 2.3 3.2 −0.9 4.0 4.5 −0.5 4.0 2.9 1.211 Retailtrade 3.1 2.9 0.2 1.5 2.6 −1.1 3.3 3.7 −0.4

12 Transportationandwarehousing 1.5 1.1 0.3 2.7 2.0 0.7 2.5 0.2 2.3

13 Information 9.1 6.5 2.6 2.1 0.2 1.9 11.3 10.3 1.0

14 Finance,insurance,realestate,rental,andleasing −0.9 −0.7 −0.2 3.0 3.0 0.0 2.3 2.9 −0.5

15 Financeandinsurance −5.9 −4.5 −1.4 5.1 4.1 1.0 2.8 4.7 −1.9

16 Realestateandrentalandleasing 1.9 1.5 0.5 1.9 2.5 −0.6 2.1 1.9 0.2

17 Professionalandbusinessservices 1.3 1.3 0.0 4.4 4.6 −0.1 3.1 3.1 0.0

18 Professional,scientific,andtechnicalservices 0.3 0.1 0.2 4.2 4.3 −0.1 3.8 3.9 −0.1

19 Managementofcompaniesandenterprises 4.9 5.3 −0.3 6.5 7.4 −0.9 1.7 2.9 −1.3

20 Administrativeandwastemanagementservices 1.5 1.6 0.0 3.7 3.5 0.2 2.2 1.2 1.0

21 Educationalservices,healthcare,andsocialassistance 1.3 1.3 0.0 1.8 1.7 0.1 3.2 3.2 0.0

22 Educationalservices −1.6 −2.1 0.5 1.2 0.4 0.8 1.0 0.5 0.5

23 Healthcareandsocialassistance 1.8 1.8 0.0 1.9 1.9 0.0 3.6 3.6 0.0


2.1 2.4 −0.3 3.2 3.7 −0.5 2.2 1.7 0.6

25 Arts,entertainment,andrecreation 2.0 3.0 −1.0 4.2 4.4 −0.2 −2.0 −1.5 −0.6

26 Accommodationandfoodservices 2.2 2.2 0.0 2.8 3.4 −0.6 3.8 2.8 1.0

27 Otherservices,exceptgovernment −0.7 −0.8 0.0 2.7 2.8 0.0 0.8 0.8 0.0

28 Government −0.7 −0.8 0.1 −0.2 −0.2 −0.1 0.0 0.2 −0.229 Federal −2.3 −2.4 0.1 −0.6 −0.9 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.130 Stateandlocal 0.1 0.0 0.1 −0.1 0.2 −0.3 0.0 0.4 −0.4

Addenda:

31 Privategoods-producingindustries 3.9 3.6 0.2 2.1 2.4 −0.3 2.4 2.8 −0.3

32 Privateservices-producingindustries 1.3 1.3 0.0 2.8 2.9 −0.1 3.3 3.2 0.2

33 Information-communications-technology-producingindustries 8.3 7.0 1.3 4.3 2.8 1.5 12.9 9.0 3.9

1

2

3



– 13 –

Table4.PercentChangeinRealValueAddedbyIndustryGroup:AnnualRevisionsfor2015–2017andFirstQuarterRevisionsfor2018–TableEnds

Line2016 2017 2018:I

UpdatedStatistics




1 Grossdomesticproduct 1.6 1.5 0.1 2.2 2.3 −0.1 2.2 2.0 0.22 Privateindustries 1.6 1.5 0.1 2.1 2.4 −0.2 2.3 2.2 0.1

3 Agriculture,forestry,fishing,andhunting 4.3 10.5 −6.2 −4.8 −9.4 4.6 −8.2 −4.6 −3.6

4 Mining −4.8 −13.3 8.5 1.5 8.5 −7.1 −18.0 5.5 −23.55 Utilities 5.0 4.7 0.3 −1.0 1.8 −2.8 −7.2 −6.4 −0.86 Construction 3.4 3.3 0.0 0.8 0.7 0.1 4.0 3.9 0.17 Manufacturing −1.2 0.5 −1.7 2.4 1.9 0.6 7.9 3.4 4.58 Durablegoods −0.5 −0.2 −0.3 3.2 3.4 −0.3 4.7 3.2 1.59 Nondurablegoods −2.1 1.2 −3.3 1.5 0.1 1.4 12.1 3.8 8.310 Wholesaletrade −1.1 0.2 −1.3 2.1 2.8 −0.6 0.8 0.2 0.611 Retailtrade 3.8 4.2 −0.3 4.0 3.5 0.5 7.6 2.9 4.7

12 Transportationandwarehousing 1.2 0.7 0.5 4.0 3.2 0.8 6.4 6.4 0.0

13 Information 10.5 5.5 5.1 7.1 4.0 3.1 4.3 6.8 −2.5

14 Finance,insurance,realestate,rental,andleasing 1.1 0.7 0.4 0.1 1.5 −1.4 −0.3 2.9 −3.2

15 Financeandinsurance 0.1 −2.1 2.2 −1.6 1.0 −2.6 −5.5 2.2 −7.7

16 Realestateandrentalandleasing 1.7 2.4 −0.7 1.0 1.8 −0.7 2.7 3.3 −0.6

17 Professionalandbusinessservices 1.8 2.2 −0.4 4.2 3.4 0.8 3.5 1.0 2.5

18 Professional,scientific,andtechnicalservices 2.3 2.9 −0.5 3.4 2.5 0.9 6.0 1.8 4.2

19 Managementofcompaniesandenterprises 1.0 1.7 −0.7 6.5 4.6 1.9 −1.7 0.8 −2.5

20 Administrativeandwastemanagementservices 1.1 1.1 0.1 4.8 4.9 −0.1 0.9 −0.9 1.8

21 Educationalservices,healthcare,andsocialassistance 2.4 2.1 0.3 1.7 2.6 −0.9 4.4 2.2 2.2

22 Educationalservices 1.3 0.3 1.0 −2.1 0.3 −2.4 3.0 2.8 0.2

23 Healthcareandsocialassistance 2.6 2.4 0.3 2.3 3.0 −0.6 4.6 2.2 2.4


0.6 1.5 −1.0 1.8 2.3 −0.5 −3.3 −2.7 −0.6

25 Arts,entertainment,andrecreation 2.2 2.7 −0.5 3.6 3.8 −0.2 −5.1 −7.1 2.0

26 Accommodationandfoodservices 0.0 1.1 −1.1 1.2 1.8 −0.6 −2.7 −1.2 −1.5

27 Otherservices,exceptgovernment −0.7 0.8 −1.4 0.5 1.9 −1.4 0.0 −4.4 4.4

28 Government 1.0 1.0 0.0 0.7 0.6 0.2 −0.9 −0.5 −0.429 Federal 0.8 0.6 0.2 0.3 −0.1 0.3 −1.5 −1.6 0.130 Stateandlocal 1.1 1.2 −0.1 0.9 0.8 0.1 −0.6 −0.1 −0.5

Addenda:

31 Privategoods-producingindustries −0.2 0.3 −0.5 1.6 1.6 0.0 3.8 3.4 0.4

32 Privateservices-producingindustries 2.1 1.9 0.2 2.3 2.6 −0.3 2.0 1.9 0.1

33 Information-communications-technology-producingindustries 12.4 6.6 5.8 7.6 .... .... .... .... ....

1

2

3



– 14 –

Quarterlystatisticsfor2005–2017werebenchmarkedtothecorrespondingannualestimates,andrevisions to these quarters typically follow the revisions to the annual data. Updatedquarterlysourcedata and revised seasonal factors are also incorporated in the revisions to thequarterlyestimates.

2017Real GDP growth was revised down 0.1 percentage point in 2017 to 2.2 percent from thepreviously published 2.3 percent. Value-added growth in private services-producing industrieswas revised downward to 2.4 percent from 2.6 percent. Growth in private goods-producingindustrieswas revised down 0.4 percentage point to 1.2 percent. The direction of growthwasunrevisedfor17of22majorindustrygroups(chart2).

Financeandinsurancewastheleadingcontributortothedownwardrevisiontoprivateservices-producingindustries.Value-addedgrowthinthisindustrywasreviseddownto0.4percentfrom1.5percent,reflectingdownwardrevisionstoFederalReservebanks,creditintermediation,andrelatedactivitiesandtoinsurancecarriersandrelatedactivities.Miningdrovethedownwardrevisiontoprivategoods-producingindustries.Growthinthisindustrywasreviseddown16.4percentagepointstoadecreaseof7.9percentfromthepreviouslypublishedincreaseof8.5percent,ledbyadownwardrevisiontooilandgasextraction.Growthininformationwasrevisedto6.4percentfrom4.0percent,partiallyoffsettingthedownwardrevisiontorealGDPgrowth.Allfourindustrieswithininformationwererevisedupward,mostsignificantlydataprocessing,internetpublishing,andotherinformationservices.

– 15 –

https://apps.bea.gov/scb/2018/12-december/images/1218-iea-chart-2-lg.png

2016RealGDPgrowthwasrevisedup0.1percentagepointin2016to1.6percentfromthepreviouslypublished1.5percent.Value-addedgrowth inprivateservices-producing industrieswasrevisedup to 2.3 percent from 1.9 percent. Growth in private goods-producing industrieswas reviseddown1.3percentagepointsfrom0.3percentto−1.0percent.Thedirectionofgrowthwasrevisedfor5of22majorindustrygroups.

Informationwastheleadingcontributortotheupwardrevisiontoprivateservices-producingindustries.Value-addedgrowthinthisindustrywasrevisedupto13.4percentfrom5.5percent,primarilyreflectinganupwardrevisiontodataprocessing,internetpublishing,andotherinformationservices.Nondurable-goodsmanufacturingdrovethedownwardrevisiontoprivategoods-producingindustries.Growthinthisindustrywasreviseddown3.2percentagepointstoadecreaseof2.0percentfromthepreviouslypublishedincreaseof1.2percent,reflectingadownwardrevisioninpetroleumandcoalproductsgrowth.Wholesaletradegrowthwasreviseddownwardto−1.5percentfrom0.2percent,partiallyoffsettingtheupwardrevisiontorealGDPgrowthandgrowthinprivateservices.

2015RealGDPgrowthwasunrevisedin2015at2.9percent.Value-addedgrowthinprivateservices-producingindustriesalsowentunrevised.Privategoods-producingindustriesgrowthwasrevisedup0.1percentagepointfrom2.8percentto2.9percent.Governmentwasreviseddownwardfrom0.2percent to flat growth.Thedirectionof growthwasunchanged for19of22major industrygroups.

Miningdrovetheupwardrevisiontoprivategoods-producingindustries.Growthinthisindustrywasrevisedup11.8percentagepointsto17.5percentfromthepreviouslypublishedincreaseof5.8percent,drivenbyanupwardrevisiontogrowthofoilandgasextraction.Stateandlocalgovernmentgrowthwasreviseddownward0.4percentagepoint,changingthepreviouslypublishedgrowthrateof0.4percenttoaslightdeclineof−0.1percent.Thisrevisiondrovethedownwardrevisioninthegovernmentsectorgrowth.

– 16 –

2014Real GDP growth was revised down 0.1 percentage point in 2014 to 2.5 percent from thepreviouslypublished2.6percent.Privateservices-producingindustries,whichledthegrowthinrealGDPwithgrowthof2.7percent,wasreviseddownfrom2.8percent.Growthinprivategoods-producingindustrieswasreviseddownward0.3percentagepointfrom2.4percentto2.1percent.Thedirectionofgrowthwasunchangedfor20of22majorindustrygroups.

Realestateandrentalandleasingdrovethedownwardrevisiontoprivateservices-producingindustries.Value-addedgrowthinthisindustrywasreviseddownto1.9percentfrom2.5percent,reflectingadownwardrevisioningrowthofotherrealestate.Durable-goodsmanufacturingdrovethedownwardrevisiontoprivategoods-producingindustries.Growthinthisindustrywasreviseddown0.7percentagepointto0.8percentfromthepreviouslypublishedincreaseof1.5percent.Manydurable-goodsindustriessawdownwardrevisionstorealvalue-addedgrowth,ledbyfabricatedmetalproductsandmotorvehicles,bodiesandtrailers,andparts.Growthininformationwasrevisedupto2.1percentfrom0.2percent,partiallyoffsettingthedownwardrevisiontorealGDPgrowth.Therevisionwasmainlydrivenbydataprocessing,internetpublishing,andotherinformationservices.

2013RealGDPgrowthwasrevisedup0.1percentagepointin2013to1.8percentfromthepreviouslypublished1.7percent.Privateservices-producing industries led thegrowth inrealGDPwithanunrevisedgrowthrateof1.3percent.Growthinprivategoods-producingindustrieswasrevisedup0.2percentagepointto3.9percent.Thedirectionofgrowthwasunchangedfor21of22majorindustrygroups.

Durable-goodsmanufacturingwastheleadingcontributortotheupwardrevisiontoprivategoods-producingindustries.Growthinthisindustrywasrevisedup1.3percentagepointsto2.5percentfromthepreviouslypublishedincreaseof1.2percent,primarilyreflectinganupwardrevisioningrowthtocomputerandelectronicproducts.Mining-sectorgrowthwasrevisedto3.9percentfrom6.7percent,partiallyoffsettingtheupwardrevisiontorealGDPgrowthandgrowthinprivategoods,reflectingadownwardrevisioningrowthtooilandgasextraction.

2007–2012The average annual growth rate for real GDP was revised up 0.1 percentage point, primarilyreflectinganupwardrevisiontogrowthinprivateservices-producingindustries.

Averageannualgrowthinrealvalueaddedforprofessional,scientific,andtechnicalserviceswasrevisedup,primarilyreflectingupwardrevisionstocomputer-systemsdesignandrelatedservicesandmiscellaneousprofessional,scientific,andtechnicalservices.

– 17 –

2002–2007The average annual growth rate for real GDP was revised up slightly, primarily reflecting anupwardrevisiontogrowthinprivategoods-producingindustries.

Averageannualgrowthinrealvalueaddedforminingwasrevisedup,reflectingupwardrevisionstooilandgasextractionandsupportactivitiesformining.

1997–2002Thegrowthinprivategoods-producingindustrieswasrevisedupslightly,buttheaverageannualgrowthrateforrealGDPwasunrevised.

1. Statisticsfor1947–1996havenotyetbeenupdatedtoreflectthe2018comprehensiveupdate.2. Formoreinformation,seeJasonW.Chute,StephanieH.McCulla,andShellySmith,“Previewofthe2018ComprehensiveUpdateoftheNationalIncomeandProductAccounts,”SurveyofCurrentBusiness98(April2018).

3. Foradditionaldetailsonthesupply-useframeworkandhowitcomparestoBEA'scurrentmake-usetables,seeJeffreyA.Young,ThomasF.HowellsIII,ErichH.Strassner,andDavidB.Wasshausen,“Supply-UseTablesfortheUnitedStates,”Survey95(September2015).

4. Formoreinformation,seeErichH.StrassnerandDavidB.Wasshausen,“Previewofthe2013ComprehensiveRevisionoftheIndustryEconomicAccounts,”Survey93(June2013).

5. Concordancesbetween2007NAICSand2012NAICSareavailablethroughtheCensusBureauwebsite.6. BackgroundinformationonBEA'seffortsrelatedtothedigitaleconomyareavailableonline.7. Formoreinformation,seeJasonW.Chute,StephanieH.McCulla,andShellySmith,“Previewofthe2018ComprehensiveUpdateoftheNationalIncomeandProductAccounts,”SurveyofCurrentBusiness98(April2018).

DataAvailabilityandMethodology

Dataavailability.TheentiretimeseriesofindustrystatisticsareavailableinteractivelyonBEA'swebsite.TheGDPbyindustrysectionincludesreal,current-dollar,andpricedataforvalueadded,grossoutput,intermediateinputs,andKLEMSstatisticsaswellasaccesstotheunderlyingdetailtables.Theinput-outputsectionincludesanannualtimeseriesofsupplyandusetablesaswellastotalrequirementstables.The2007and2012benchmarktablesarealsoavailable.

Methodology.ComprehensiveupdatesprovideanopportunityforimprovementstoaccountstomoreaccuratelymeasurethestructureoftheU.S.economy.Themainfocusofthe2018comprehensiveupdatewasthereleaseofnewbenchmarktablesfor2012andashiftinemphasistowardsupply-usetablesandawayfromthemake-useframework.Formoredetailedinformationontheupdatestomethodologyandsourcedatainthe2018comprehensiveupdate,seeThomasF.HowellsIII,EdwardT.Morgan,KevinB.Barefoot,LouisE.Feagans,TeresaL.Gilmore,andChelseaK.Smith-Nelson,“Previewofthe2018ComprehensiveUpdateoftheIndustryEconomicAccounts,”SurveyofCurrentBusiness98(August2018).Forinformationonthemethodologyusedforpreparingthe2012benchmarkinput-outputtables,seeConceptsandMethodsoftheU.S.Input-OutputAccountsontheBEAwebsite.Forinformationonthemethodologyforpreparingtheannualstatistics,seeDonaldD.Kim,ErichH.Strassner,andDavidB.Wasshausen,“IndustryEconomicAccounts:ResultsoftheComprehensiveRevisionandRevisedStatisticsfor1997–2012,”Survey94(February2014).Forinformationonthemethodologyforpreparingthequarterlystatistics,seeErichH.StrassnerandDavidB.Wasshausen,“NewQuarterlyGrossDomesticProductbyIndustryStatistics,”Survey94(May2014).

– 18 –

https://apps.bea.gov/scb/2018/04-april/0418-preview-2018-comprehensive-nipa-update.htm

https://apps.bea.gov/scb/pdf/2015/09%20September/0915_supply_use_tables_for_the_united_states.pdf

https://apps.bea.gov/scb/pdf/2013/06%20June/0613_preview_comprehensive_iea_revision.pdf

https://www.census.gov/eos/www/naics/concordances/2007_to_2012_NAICS.xls

https://www.bea.gov/data/special-topics/digital-economy

https://apps.bea.gov/scb/2018/04-april/0418-preview-2018-comprehensive-nipa-update.htm

https://apps.bea.gov/iTable/index_industry_gdpIndy.cfm

https://www.bea.gov/help/faq/192

https://apps.bea.gov/iTable/index_industry_io.cfm

https://apps.bea.gov/scb/2018/08-august/0818-industry-economic-accounts-preview.htm

https://apps.bea.gov/papers/pdf/IOmanual_092906.pdf

https://apps.bea.gov/scb/pdf/2014/02%20February/0214_industry%20economic%20accounts.pdf

https://apps.bea.gov/scb/pdf/2014/05%20May/0514_gdp-by-industry.pdf

UpcomingDataReleases

OnJanuary24,2019,BEAwillreleaseGDPbyindustryestimatesforthethirdquarterof2018.

Inaddition,thecurrent-dollarhistoricalmake-usetableswillbeupdatedandreleasedduringfirsthalfof2019fortheperiod1947–1997.Thistimeseries,firstreleasedin2015,wasthefirstofitskind,establishingatimeseriesofhistoricalmakeandusetablesthatareconsistentwithcurrentlypublishedstatisticsfor1997forward.Theseestimatesprovidealong-termviewoftheindustrycompositionoftheU.S.economy.

Acknowledgments

ThomasF.HowellsIII,AssociateDirectorforIndustryEconomicAccounts,andEdwardT.Morgan,ChiefoftheIndustrySectorDivision(ISD),supervisedthepreparationoftheestimates.ErichH.Strassner,AssociateDirectorforNationalEconomicAccounts,providedoverallguidance.JefferyA.Young,ChiefoftheInput-OutputStatisticsBranchintheIndustryAnalysisDivision(IAD),managedtheeconomicinformationsystemsusedtoproduceandreviewthestatistics.PaulV.Kern,ChiefofInformation,BusinessServices,andTravelandTourismSatelliteAccountsBranchinISD;JenniferLee,ChiefoftheIncomeandValueAddedBranch;WilliamA.Jolliff,ChiefoftheGoods,Inventories,andInternationalTradeBranchinIAD;andPatriciaA.Washington,ChiefofthePersonalServicesandGovernmentBranchinISD,providedguidanceandcontributedtothepreparationofindustrystatisticsandanalysis.MaxineV.TiggleandPatriciaA.Wilkinsonprovidedadministrativeandprogramassistance.

Thefollowingstaffalsocontributedtothepreparationofthestatistics:

Agriculture,mining,manufacturing,internationaltrade,andinventories:KevinB.Barefoot,JustinM.Harper,DavidM.Curtis,PatrickS.Georgi,CailynM.Kreitz,PeterD.Kuhbach,EthanSchein,andBlaireThomson.Construction:ChelseaK.Smith-Nelson.Utilitiesanddistributiveservices:RickyL.Stewart,RachelL.Goulder,andVanessaM.Vogel.Finance,insurance,realestate,rental,andleasing:SarahOsborne,LouisE.Feagans,andSethD.Markowitz.Healthcareandsocialassistance;arts,entertainment,andrecreation;accommodationandfoodservices;otherservices;educationalservices;andgovernmentservices:BrianM.Lindberg,DanielW.Jackson,AaronJ.Baker,AlexanderM.Eisenmann,ConnorFranks,TaylorM.Grant,DarleneC.Robinson-Smith,andLindaY.Wong.Information,business,andmanagementservices:CaseyW.Ross,MariapiaE.Carbajal,RobertE.Omohundro,AndresF.Orozco,andMandyC.Roberts.Transportationandwarehousing:WilliamH.NicollsIV,MarinaKotzavekiaris,andLukeM.Mendelsohn.Professionalservicesandvalueadded:RichardCao,DominiqueY.Dubria,TeresaL.Gilmore,andCyrilP.McNeill.Economicinformationsystems:MatthewE.Calby,GabrielW.Medeiros,TylerJ.Gold,EugeneN.Njinkeu,NilayS.Patel,PhillipJ.Sporrer,andMaxC.Sergent.

Inaddition,stafffromtheNationalEconomicAccountsDirectorateunderthedirectionofErichH.Strassner,AssociateDirector;DavidB.Wasshausen,DivisionChiefoftheNationalIncomeandWealthDivision;andPamelaA.Kelly,DivisionChiefoftheGovernmentDivision,andstafffromtheInternationalEconomicAccountsDirectorateunderthedirectionofPaulFarello,AssociateDirector,madeimportantcontributions,withoutwhichthesestatisticscouldnothavebeenprepared.

– 19 –

DataSourceTables

TableA.PrincipalDataSourcesforIndustryandCommodityOutputandPrices

Industryandcommodity 2012benchmark-yearsources Nonbenchmark-yearsources SourceforpriceindexesAgriculture,forestry,fishing,andhunting

Farms

BureauofEconomicAnalysis(BEA)NationalIncomeandProductAccounts(NIPAs)statisticsbasedonU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture(USDA)EconomicResearchService(ERS)data

FarmoutputfromBEANIPAsbasedonUSDAERSdata

NIPApricesbasedonUSDApriceindexesreceivedbyfarmers;BureauofLaborStatistics(BLS)ProducerPriceIndex(PPI)data

Forestry,fishing,andrelatedactivities

Forforestryandforlogging,andforestrysupportactivities,BEANIPAfarmoutput;forfishing,hunting,andtrapping,commerciallandingsdatafromNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(NOAA),U.S.CensusBureau2012EconomicCensusNorthAmericanIndustryClassificationSystem(NAICS)Sector11,andERSdata

Forforestryandforlogging,andforestrysupportactivities,NIPAfarmoutput;forfishing,hunting,andtrapping,commerciallandingsdatafromNOAA,U.S.CensusBureauManufacturers’Shipments,Inventories,andOrders(M3)data,andERSdata

BLSPPI,NIPAPersonalConsumptionExpenditure(PCE)prices,USDA/NationalAgriculturalStatisticsServiceunitprices

Mining

Oilandgasextraction CensusBureau2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector21,Mining

U.S.EnergyInformationAdministration(EIA)dataonquantitiesproducedandprices

BLSPPIandEIA

Mining,exceptoilandgas CensusBureau2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector21,Mining

Forcoalmining,EIAU.S.CoalSupplyandDemandinReview;foruranium,EIAUraniumMarketingAnnualReport;forallother,U.S.GeologicalSurvey(USGS)MineralCommoditySummariesandMineralIndustrySurvey

EIA,USGS,andBLSPPI

Supportactivitiesformining CensusBureau2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector21,Mining

Forminingexploration,tradesourcedataondrillingcostsandfootagedrilled;allothersupportactivities,USGSMineralCommoditySummaries

EIA,USGS,BLSPPI,andtradesources

UtilitiesForelectricpowergeneration,transmission,anddistribution;naturalgasdistribution;andwater,sewage,andothersystems,CensusBureau2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector22Utilities;forelectricpowerandnaturalgasdistributionU.S.DepartmentofEnergyEIA

Forelectricpowergenerationtransmissionanddistribution,EIAforms861and861M;fornaturalgasdistribution,EIAform176andNaturalGasMonthly;forwater,sewageandothersystems,CensusBureauServiceAnnualSurvey(SAS)

BLSConsumerPriceIndex(CPI)andBLSPPI

Construction

ResidentialCensusBureauValueofConstructionPutinPlace(VIP)survey

CensusBureauVIPsurvey

CensusBureaupricedeflatorfornewsingle-familyhousesunderconstructionandBEApricesformulti-familyhomeconstruction

Nonresidential CensusBureauVIPsurvey

CensusBureauVIPsurvey,U.S.DepartmentofDefense(DOD)expenditures,USDAexpenditures,andBLSoccupationalemploymentstatistics

BLSPPIandBEAcompositepricesbasedontradesourcedataandontheCensusBureaupricedeflatorforsingle-familyhousesunderconstruction

– 20 –

Industryandcommodity 2012benchmark-yearsources Nonbenchmark-yearsources SourceforpriceindexesManufacturing

CensusBureau2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector31–33,Manufacturing;CensusBureau2012CurrentIndustrialReports

CensusBureauAnnualSurveyofManufacturesdata,M3shipmentsandinventoriesdata,nonemployersurveydata,EIAproductiondata,FederalReserveBank(FRB)data,andBLSPPI

BLSPPIandNIPApricesbasedonDODpricespaidformilitaryequipment,andNIPAhedonicprices

WholesaletradeCensusBureau2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector42,WholesaleTrade;CensusBureau2012AnnualWholesaleTradeSurvey

CensusBureaumonthlywholesaletradesurveydataandannualwholesaletradesurveydata

BLSPPIandNIPAsalesdeflators

RetailtradeCensusBureau2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector44–45,RetailTrade;CensusBureau2012AnnualRetailTradeSurvey

CensusBureaumonthlyretailtradesurveydataandannualretailtradesurvey(ARTS)data

BLSPPIandNIPAsalesdeflators

Transportationandwarehousing

Airtransportation

CensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector48–49,TransportationandWarehousing;U.S.DepartmentofTransportation(DOT)BureauofTransportationStatistics(BTS)

CensusBureauSASdata;DOTBTSAirCarrierFinancialStatistics(ACFS)andU.S.AirCarrierTrafficStatistics

BLSPPI

Railtransportation

Forrailpassenger,AmtrakAnnualReport;forrailfreight,DOTSurfaceTransportationBoard(STB)selectedearningdata

Forrailpassenger,AmtrakAnnualReport;forrailfreight,DOTSTBselectedearningdata

BLSPPI

WatertransportationCensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector48–49,TransportationandWarehousing

CensusBureauSASdata Forfreight,BLSPPI;forpassenger,BLSCPI

TrucktransportationCensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector48–49,TransportationandWarehousing

CensusBureauSASdata BLSPPI

Transitandgroundpassengertransportation

CensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector48–49,TransportationandWarehousing

CensusBureauSASdata NIPApersonalconsumptionexpenditure(PCE)prices

PipelinetransportationCensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector48–49,TransportationandWarehousing


Othertransportationandsupportactivities

CensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector48–49,TransportationandWarehousing

CensusBureauSASdata BLSPPIandNIPAPCEprices

WarehousingandstorageCensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector48–49,TransportationandWarehousing


Information

Publishingindustries,exceptInternet(includessoftware)

CensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector51,Information.

CensusBureauSASdata BLSPPIandBEApriceindexesforsoftware

Motionpictureandsoundrecordingindustries

CensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector51,Information

CensusBureauSASdata NIPAPCEprices

BroadcastingandtelecommunicationsCensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector51,Information


Dataprocessing,Internetpublishing,andotherinformationservices

CensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector51,Information


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Industryandcommodity 2012benchmark-yearsources Nonbenchmark-yearsources SourceforpriceindexesFinanceandinsurance

FederalReservebanks,creditintermediation,andrelatedactivities

CensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector52,FinanceandInsurance;InternalRevenueService(IRS)StatisticsofIncome(SOI);FRB2012annualreport;andFederalDepositInsuranceCorporation(FDIC),2012StatisticsonBanking

CensusBureauSASdata;FDICcommercialbankcallreportdata;FRBdata;NationalCreditUnionAdministration;andNIPAmeasuresoffinancialservicesindirectlymeasured

FRB-pricedservicesandNIPAPCEprices

Securities,commoditycontracts,andinvestments

CensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector52,FinanceandInsurance;IRSSOI;andNewYorkStockExchange,2012AnnualReport

SecurityExchangeCommissionFinancialandOperationalCombinedUniformSingleReportdataandCensusBureauSASdata

BLSPPIandNIPAPCEprices

Insurancecarriersandrelatedactivities

AMBestCompanystatistics;CensusBureau2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector52,FinanceandInsurance;AmericanCouncilofLifeInsurers,Handbook;BEANIPAstatisticsonmedicalandhospitalinsurancepremiums

Forpropertyandcasualtyinsurance,lifeinsurance,andreinsurance,AMBestCompanystatisticsandCensusBureauSAS;formedicalandhospitalizationinsurance,privatetradesourcedataandBEANIPAstatisticsonmedicalandhospitalinsurancepremiums


Funds,trusts,andotherfinancialvehicles NIPAimputedservicechargesforotherfinancialinstitutions

NIPAimputedservicechargesforotherfinancialinstitutions NIPAPCEprices

Realestateandrentalandleasing

Realestate

CensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector53,Realestateandrentalandleasing;Forresidentialdwellings,NIPAhousingdataandUSDAdataonfarmhousing;fornonresidentialstructures,IRStabulationsofbusinesstaxreturns,NIPArentalvalueofbuildingsownedbynonprofitinstitutionsservinghouseholds,andNIPAforeigntradestatistics

Forresidentialdwellings,NIPAhousingdataandUSDAdataonfarmhousing;fornonresidentialstructures,IRStabulationsofbusinesstaxreturns,NIPArentalvalueofbuildingsownedbynonprofitinstitutionsservinghouseholds,andNIPAforeigntradestatistics

Forresidentialdwellings,NIPAPCEpricesandNIPAimplicitpricedeflatorsforfarmrentspaid;fornonresidentialstructures,BLSPPI;forrealestatemanagersandagents,BLSPPIandtradesourcedata

Rentalandleasingservicesandlessorsofintangibleassets

CensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector53,Realestateandrentalandleasing;forroyalties,IRStabulationsofbusinesstaxreturns

Forrentalandleasingservices,CensusBureauSASdata;forroyalties,IRStabulationsofbusinesstaxreturns

BLSPPI,BTSandconstructionindex,mining,crudeoilreceipts,andtradesourcedata

Professional,scientific,andtechnicalservices

Legalservices

CensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector54,Professional,Scientific,andTechnicalServices

CensusBureauSASdataandBLSQuarterlyCensusofEmploymentandWages(QCEW)data


Computersystemsdesignandrelatedservices


CensusBureauSASdata BEApriceindexesforsoftware

Miscellaneousprofessional,scientificandtechnicalservices


CensusBureauSASdata,NIPAPCE,BLSQCEWdata,andNIPAresearchanddevelopment(R&D)data

BLSPPI,NIPAPCEprices,andBEApriceindexesforR&D

ManagementofcompaniesandenterprisesCensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector55,ManagementofCompaniesandEnterprises

BLSQCEWdata BLSPPI

AdministrativeandwastemanagementservicesCensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector56,AdministrativeandSupportandWasteManagementandRemediationServices

CensusBureauSASdata;BLSQCEWforauxiliaryindustries


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Industryandcommodity 2012benchmark-yearsources Nonbenchmark-yearsources SourceforpriceindexesEducationalservices

CensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector61,EducationalServices;U.S.DepartmentofEducation,NationalCenterforEducationStatistics,2012DigestofEducationStatistics

PCEdataforeducationservicesbasedondatafromtheDepartmentofEducationanddatafromBLSconsumerexpendituresurvey

NIPAPCEprices

HealthcareandsocialassistanceCensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector62,HealthCareandSocialAssistance


Arts,entertainment,andrecreationCensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector71,Arts,Entertainment,andRecreation

CensusBureauSASdata NIPAPCEprices

Accommodationandfoodservices

AccommodationsCensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector72,AccommodationandFoodServices

Forhotelsandmotels,PCE;forallothertraveleraccommodationsandbedandbreakfasts,BLSQCEWdata


FoodservicesanddrinkingplacesCensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NAICSSector72,AccommodationandFoodServices

CensusBureauARTSdata BLSPPI

Otherservices,exceptgovernmentForreligious,grantmaking,civicandothernonprofitservices;personalservicesanddrycleaningservices;andrepairandmaintenance:2012EconomicCensustaxablerevenue&tax-exemptexpenses,NationalEconomicAccounts(NEA),PCE,NEAWagesandSalaries;forprivatehouseholdservices,PCE

Forreligious,grantmaking,civicandothernonprofitservices,personalservices,anddrycleaningservices,CensusBureauSASdata,PCE,anddatafromtheNationalCenterforCharitableStatistics;forrepairandmaintenance,BLSQCEW;forprivatehouseholdservices,PCE


– 23 –

Industryandcommodity 2012benchmark-yearsources Nonbenchmark-yearsources SourceforpriceindexesFederal

GeneralgovernmentFederalBudgetdata;CenterforMedicareandMedicaidServices;BLSCurrentEmploymentStatistics

NIPAgovernmentexpenditurestatistics;forfederalstructures,DODinvestmentexpenditures

NIPApricesbasedonBLSPPIandCPI;formilitaryfacilities,DODdataonemployment,pricesformilitaryconstruction,andconstructioncostindexesfromtradesourcedata

Governmententerprises

U.S.PostalService(USPS)receipts;EIAdataforelectricutilities;FederalHousingAdministration(FHA)data;federalgovernmentagencyreportsforspecificfederalenterprises.

USPSreceipts;EIAdataforelectricutilities;FHAdata;governmentagencydataforspecificfederalenterprises

BLSPPI

Stateandlocal

Generalgovernment

CensusBureau,2012CensusofGovernments;CensusBureau,2012GovernmentFinances;CensusBureau,2012PublicEmployment

NIPAgovernmentexpenditurestatistics



CensusBureau,2012CensusofGovernments;CensusBureau,2012GovernmentFinances;CensusBureau,2012PublicEmployment;AlaskaRailroadAdministrationdataforAlaskanferries,watersports,andairports;forelectricutilities,EIAdata;forstateandlocalgovernmentstructures,CensusBureauVIPsurvey

NIPAstatisticsongovernmententerprisesbasedontheCensusBureauannualsurveyofgovernmentfinances;forAlaskanferries,watersports,andairports,AlaskaRailroadAdministration;forelectricutilities,EIAdata;forstateandlocalgovernmentstructures,CensusBureauVIPsurvey

BLSPPI

ARTSBEABLSBTSCPIDODDOTEIAERSFDICFHAFRBIRSM3

NAICS

AnnualretailtradesurveyBureauofEconomicAnalysisBureauofLaborStatisticsBureauofTransportationStatisticsConsumerPriceIndexDepartmentofDefenseDepartmentofTransportationEnergyInformationAdministrationEconomicResearchServiceFederalDepositInsuranceCorporationFederalHousingAdministrationFederalReserveBoardInternalRevenueServiceManufacturers’Shipments,Inventories,andOrdersNorthAmericanIndustryClassificationSystem

NEANIPAsNOAA

PCEPPIQCEWR&DSASSOISTBUSDAUSGSUSPSVIP

NationalEconomicAccountsNationalIncomeandProductAccountsNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationPersonalConsumptionExpenditureProducerPriceIndexQuarterlyCensusofEmploymentandWagesResearchanddevelopmentServiceAnnualSurveyStatisticsofIncomeSurfaceTransportationBoardU.S.DepartmentofAgricultureU.S.GeologicalSurveyU.S.PostalServiceValueofConstructionPutinPlaceSurvey

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TableB.PrincipalDataSourcesandMethodsforIntermediateInputsandValueAddedSourcedataandmethodsusedin2012benchmarkyear

IntermediateinputsAgriculture,forestry,fishing,andhuntingInputstotheagriculture,forestry,fishing,andhuntingindustrieswereestimatedfromU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture2012CensusofAgricultureorbyextrapolating2007benchmarkI-Oestimates.

MiningInputstotheminingindustrieswereestimatedprimarilyfromthe2012EconomicCensusminingsectorreports.Detailedexpensedatausedtoestimateintermediateinputsincludedaccounting,auditing,andbookkeepingservices;advertisingandpromotionalexpenses;communicationservices;legalservices;purchasedelectricity;purchasedfuelsconsumed;rentalpaymentsforbuildingsandotherstructures;rentalpaymentsformachineryandequipment;suppliesusedandmineralsreceived;andallotheroperatingexpenses.

ConstructionInputstotheconstructionindustrieswereestimatedprimarilyfrom2012EconomicCensusconstructiondata.

ManufacturingInputstothemanufacturingindustrieswereestimatedprimarilyfromthe2012EconomicCensusmanufacturingsectorreports.Detailedexpensedatausedtoestimateintermediateinputsincludedaccounting,auditing,andbookkeepingservices;advertisingandpromotionalservices;communicationservices;legalservices;managementconsultingandadministrativeservices;materials,parts,containers,packaging,etc,used;purchasedcomputerservices;purchasedelectricity;purchasedfuels;refuseremovalservices;rentalpaymentsforbuildingsandotherstructures;rentalpaymentsformachineryandequipment;repairandmaintenanceservicesofbuildingsand/ormachinery;andallotheroperatingexpenses.Inputswerealsointerpolatedusingthe2007benchmarkI-OestimatesandAnnualSurveyofManufacturesdata.

Wholesaletrade,retailtrade,andaccommodationandfoodservicesInputstothewholesale,retailtrade,andaccommodationandfoodservicesindustrieswereestimatedprimarilyfromtheCensusBureau2012AnnualWholesaleTradeSurvey(AWTS)andAnnualRetailSurvey(ARTS)quinquennialBusinessExpenditureSeries.Detailedexpensedatausedtoestimateintermediateinputsincludedpackagingmaterialsandcontainers;dataprocessingandotherpurchasedcomputerservices;communicationservices;repairsandmaintenancetomachineryandequipment;repairsandmaintenancetobuildings,structures,andoffices;rentalpaymentsformachineryandequipment;rentalpaymentsforbuildings,offices,stores;purchasedelectricity;purchasedfuels(exceptmotorfuels);water,sewer,refuseremoval,andotherutilitypayments;purchasedtransportation,shippingandwarehousingservices;purchasedadvertisingandpromotionalservices;andpurchasedprofessionalandtechnicalservices.Inputswerealsointerpolatedusingthe2007benchmarkI-Oestimates.

Services,transportationandwarehousing,andutilitiesForselectedcensus-coveredindustries,informationfromthe2012ServiceAnnualSurvey(SAS)onoperatingexpenseswasused.Detailedexpensedatausedtoestimateintermediateinputsincludedmaterials,partsandsupplies(notforresale);purchasedelectricity;purchasedfuels(exceptmotorfuels);rentalpaymentsformachinery,equipmentandothertangibleitems;rentalpaymentsforbuildings,structures,andland;repairsandmaintenancetomachineryandequipment;repairsandmaintenancetobuildings,structures,andoffices;advertisingandpromotionalservices;printingservices;dataprocessingandotherpurchasedcomputerservices;communicationservices;water,sewer,refuseremovalandotherutilities;professionalandtechnicalservices;andallotheroperatingexpenses.

Forindustriesnotcoveredbycensus,inputswereestimatedfromavarietyofsources,includingdatafromthe2012SASonoperatingexpenses,anddatafromAmtrak,DepartmentofTransportationSurfaceTransportationBoard,AlaskaRail,DepartmentofEnergy,andFederalReserveBoard.

1

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ARTSAWTSI-ONIPAsQCEWSAS

Sourcedataandmethodsusedin2012benchmarkyearValueadded

CompensationofemployeesTabulationsofwagesandsalariesfromtheBureauofLaborStatisticsQuarterlyCensusofEmploymentandWages(QCEW)program,andestimatesofsupplementstowagesandsalariesfromtheNationalIncomeandProductAccounts(NIPAs)wereused;datawereadjustedformisreportingandI-Oindustrydefinitions.

ForindustriesnotcoveredbytheQCEW,payrolldatafromthe2012EconomicCensuseswereused;datawereadjustedformisreportingandI-Oindustrydefinitions.BenefitsdatawerebasedontherelationshipbetweentheEconomicCensus,SAS,andBusinessExpensesSupplementreportedbenefitsandpayrolldata,appliedtothe2012QCEWwageandsalarydata.Fortheremainingindustries,benefitswereestimatedusingindirecttechniques.

AllestimateswereadjustedtobalancetototalcompensationbyindustryintheNIPAs.

TaxesonproductionandimportslesssubsidiesTheestimatesbyindustrywerepreparedintwoparts:Forexciseandgeneralsalestaxes,thevalueswereestimatedeitheraspartofeachindustry’soutputordirectlyassigned;forothertaxes,assessmentsandlicensefees,theestimatesweredistributedonthebasisofavarietyofsourcedata,includingstategovernmenttaxcollectionsstatistics,theAnnualSurveyofManufactures,ARTS,AWTSandSAS.Forallothertaxliabilities,estimatesweredistributedtoindustriesusingindirecttechniques.Subsidiesaredirectlyassignedtospecificindustriesbasedonwhichindustryiscollectingthesubsidy.

Allestimateswereadjustedtobalancetototaltaxesonproductionandimportslesssubsidies,byindustryintheNIPAs.

GrossoperatingsurplusFormostindustries,grossoperatingsurplusreflectsaquality-weightedaverageofaresidualestimate(totalindustryoutputlesstotalintermediateinputs,compensationofemployees,andtaxesonproductionandimports,lesssubsidies)andadirect-estimatebasedonsummingupthecomponentsofgrossoperatingsurplusfromtheNIPAs,adjustedtoanestablishmentbasis.

AnnualRetailSurveyAnnualWholesaleTradeSurveyInput-OutputNationalIncomeandProductAccountsQuarterlyCensusofEmploymentandWagesServiceAnnualSurvey

1. Estimatesforintermediateinputswereadjustedduringtheprocessofbalancingcommoditypurchasesacrossindustrieswithcommodityoutputtotals.

2. SeeRassier,HowellsIII,Morgan,Empey,andRoesch,“Integratingthe2002BenchmarkInput-OutputAccountswiththe2002AnnualIndustryAccounts,”SurveyofCurrentBusiness87(December):14–22.

2

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https://apps.bea.gov/scb/pdf/2007/12%20December/1207_indyaccount.pdf

TableC.PrincipalDataSourcesforQuarterlyIndustryandCommodityOutputandPricesIndustryandcommodity Sourcedataforcurrent-dollarstatistics Sourcedataforpriceindexes

Agriculture,forestry,fishing,andhunting

Farms

FarmoutputfromtheBureauofEconomicAnalysis(BEA)NationalIncomeandProductAccounts(NIPAs)basedonU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture(USDA)EconomicResearchServices(ERS)data

NIPApricesbasedonUSDApriceindexesreceivedbyfarmers

Forestry,fishing,andrelatedactivities

Forforestry,FederalReserveBoard(FRB)industrialproductionindex(IPI)andBureauofLaborStatistics(BLS)ProducerPriceIndex(PPI);forfishing,commercialfisherylandingsdatafromtheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration

BLSPPIandUSDANationalAgricultureStatisticsServicesunitprices

MiningOilandgasextraction FRBIPIandBLSPPI BLSPPI

Mining,exceptoilandgas FRBIPIandBLSPPI BLSPPI

Supportactivitiesformining

FRBIPI,BLSPPI,andNIPAfixedinvestmentinminingexplorationbasedontradesourcedata

BLSPPIandNIPApricesbasedontradesourcedata

UtilitiesForelectricpowergeneration,transmission,anddistribution,EnergyInformationAssociation(EIA)form861M;fornaturalgasdistribution,EIAform857;forwater,sewage,andothersystems,CensusBureauQuarterlyServicesSurvey(QSS)

BLSConsumerPriceIndex(CPI)andBLSPPI

Construction

Residential NIPAfixedinvestmentinstructuresbasedprimarilyonCensusBureauconstructionspending(value-put-in-place)survey

CensusBureaupricedeflatorfornewsingle-familyhousesunderconstructionandBEApricesformulti-familyhomeconstruction

Nonresidential NIPAfixedinvestmentinstructuresbasedprimarilyonCensusBureauconstructionspending(value-put-in-place)survey

BEAcompositepricesbasedontradesourcedataanondatafromtheBureauofReclamationandBLSPPI

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Industryandcommodity Sourcedataforcurrent-dollarstatistics Sourcedataforpriceindexes

Manufacturing

CensusBureaumanufacturers’shipments,inventories,andothersurvey(M3)andNIPAelectroniccomputershipments;forpetroleumproducts,EIAproductiondataandBLSPPI

BLSPPIandNIPApriceindexesbasedonDepartmentofDefense(DOD)pricespaidformilitaryequipment,andNIPAhedonicprices

WholesaletradeCensusBureaumonthlywholesaletradesurveydata BLSPPIandNIPAsalesdeflators

RetailtradeCensusBureaumonthlyretailtradesurveydata BLSPPIandNIPAsalesdeflators

Transportationandwarehousing

Forairtransportation,NIPApersonalconsumptionexpenditures(PCE)andCensusBureauQSSdata;forrailtransportation,SurfaceTransportationBoardfreightearningsdata;forwater,truck,transitandgroundpassenger,pipelinetransportation,andwarehousing,CensusBureauQSSdata

Forairtransportation,BLSPPI;forrail,BLSPPIforrailpassengertransportationandBLSPPIforfreight;watertransportation,BLSPPI,BLSCPI,andtradesourcedata;fortrucktransportation,BLSPPI;fortransitandgroundpassengertransportation,NIPAPCEprices;forpipelinetransportation,BLSPPI;forwarehousing,BLSPPI;forothertransportationandsupportactivities,NIPAPCEpricesandBLSPPI

Information

CensusBureauQSSdata,BLSquarterlycensusofemploymentandwages(QCEW),andboxofficerevenuesfromtradesourcedata

Forpublishingindustries(includingsoftware),BEApricesforsoftwareandBLSPPI;forinformationanddataprocessing,NIPAPCEpricesandBLSPPI

FinanceandinsuranceFederalReservebanks,creditintermediation,andrelatedactivities

CensusBureauQSSdata,FederalDepositInsuranceCorporationcommercialbankcallreportdata,FBRdata,NationalCreditUnionAdministrationdata,andNIPAmeasuresoffinancialservicesindirectlymeasured

NIPAPCEprices

Securities,commoditycontracts,andinvestments

CensusBureauQSSdataandSecuritiesandExchangeCommissionFinancialandOperationalCombinedUniformSingleReports


Insurancecarriersandrelatedactivities NIPAPCE,CensusBureauQSSdata,andtradesourcedata BLSPPIandNIPAPCEprices

Funds,trusts,andotherfinancialvehicles

NIPAPCEandNIPAimputedservicechargesforotherfinancialinstitutions NIPAPCEprices

CensusBureau,2012EconomicCensus,NorthAmericanIndustryClassificationSystemSector51,Information CensusBureauSASdata

– 28 –


Realestateandrentalandleasing

Realestate

Forresidentialdwellings,NIPAPCE,NIPAhousingdata;fornonresidentialstructures,NIPAgovernmentreceipts,NIPAprivatefixedinvestment,NIPAbrokers’commissions,BEAforeignexpendituresfromtheinternationaltransactionsaccounts,andBLSQCEWdata

Forresidentialdwellings,NIPAPCEpricesandNIPAimplicitpricedeflatorsforfarmrentspaid;fornonresidentialstructures,BLSPPIandNIPAimplicitpricedeflatorsfornonprofitimputedrents

Rentalandleasingservicesandlessorsofintangibleassets

Forrentalandleasingservices,CensusBureauQSSdata,NIPAroyaltyincome,andNIPAPCErentalincome BLSPPIandNIPAprices

Professional,scientific,andtechnicalservices

CensusBureauQSSdata,NIPAPCEdata,BLSQCEWdata,andNIPAR&Ddata

Forlegalservices,BLSPPIandNIPAPCEprices;forcomputersystemsdesignandrelatedservices,BEApriceindexesforsoftware;formiscellaneousservices,BLSPPI,NIPAPCEprices,andBEApriceindexforR&D

ManagementofcompaniesandenterprisesBLSQCEWdata BLSPPI

AdministrativeandwastemanagementservicesCensusBureauQSSdataandBLSQCEWdata BLSPPIandNIPAPCEprices

Educationalservices

CensusBureauQSSdataandNIPAPCEdata NIPAPCEpricesbasedontradesourcedataforinputcosts

Healthcareandsocialassistance

CensusBureauQSSdata

Forambulatoryhealthcareservices,NIPAPCEpricesbasedonBLSCIPandBLSPPI;forhospitalsandnursingandresidentialcarefacilities,NIPAPCEpricesbasedonBLSCPIandCenterforMedicareandMedicaidServices;forsocialassistance,NIPAPCEpricesbasedontradesourcedata

– 29 –


Arts,entertainment,andrecreationCensusBureauQSSdata BLSPPIandNIPAPCEprices

Accommodationandfoodservices

CensusBureauQSSdataForaccommodations,BLSPPIandNIPAPCEprices;forfoodservices,NIPAPCEprices

Otherservices,exceptgovernmentForrepairandmaintenance,personalservices,andgrantmaking,civic,professional,andsimilarorganizations,CensusBureauQSSdata;forreligious,labor,andpoliticalorganizations,NIPAPCEdata;forprivatehouseholds,NIPAcompensation


Federal

Generalgovernment NIPAgovernmentexpendituresstatistics

NIPApricesbasedonBLSPPI,BLSCPI,DODdataonemploymentprices,BLSemploymentcostindexes,andconstructioncostindexesfromtradesourcedata


U.S.PostalServicequarterlyreports,EIAmonthlydataforelectricutilitysalesandrevenuedataforpubliclyownedutilities,andNIPAPCEdataforbroaderaggregatesforothercomponents


StateandlocalGeneralgovernment NIPAgovernmentexpendituresstatistics NIPAPCEprices


NIPAstatisticsongovernmententerprisesbasedontheCensusBureauannualsurveyofgovernmentfinances;forAlaskanferries,waterports,andairports,AlaskaRailroadAdministration;forelectricutilitiesEIAdata;forstateandlocalgovernmentstructures,CensusBureauconstructionspending(value-put-in-place)survey


BEABLSCPIDODEIAERSFRBIPIM3

BureauofEconomicAnalysisBureauofLaborStatisticsConsumerPriceIndexDepartmentofDefenseEnergyInformationAdministrationEconomicResearchServiceFederalReserveBoardIndustrialproductionindexManufacturers’Shipments,Inventories,anOrders

NAICS

NIPAPCEPPIQCEW

R&DQSSUSDA

NorthAmericanIndustryClassificationSystemNationalIncomeandProductAccountsPersonalConsumptionExpenditureProducerPriceIndexQuarterlyCensusofEmploymentandWagesResearchanddevelopmentQuarterlyServicesSurveyUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture

SurveyofCurrentBusinesswww.bea.gov/scb

[email protected](301) 278-9004

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Documents

Improved Estimates of the Industry Economic Accounts · 18.4 percent increase in motor vehicles, bodies and trailers, and parts manufacturing. ... U.S. economic growth accelerated