ImmigrationImmigration

Push FactorsPush Factors

1.1. Population Growth-Population Growth- Europe had better Europe had better sanitation and food leading to sanitation and food leading to overcrowdingovercrowding

2.2. Agriculture Changes-Agriculture Changes- Landlords forced Landlords forced small tenant farmers off the land due to small tenant farmers off the land due to finding new ways to farm large tracts of finding new ways to farm large tracts of land. Cities grew farmers supplied the land. Cities grew farmers supplied the food.food.

3.3. Crop Failures-Crop Failures- Small farmers looked for Small farmers looked for new opportunities in America.new opportunities in America.

Push FactorsPush Factors

1.1. Industrial Revolution-Industrial Revolution- Artisans Artisans put out of work, factories making put out of work, factories making goods faster and cheaper.goods faster and cheaper.

2.2. Religious and Political Turmoil-Religious and Political Turmoil- Quakers left fled Norway and Jews Quakers left fled Norway and Jews left Germany.left Germany.

Pull FactorsPull Factors

1.1. Freedom-Freedom- U.S. offered all kinds U.S. offered all kinds

2.2. Economic Opportunity-Economic Opportunity- U.S U.S provided land that immigrants provided land that immigrants sought to provide for their families.sought to provide for their families.

3.3. Abundant land-Abundant land- Louisiana Louisiana Purchase provide plenty of land for Purchase provide plenty of land for Americans as well as ImmigrantsAmericans as well as Immigrants

Immigration prejudiceImmigration prejudice

Thousands of immigrants come to Thousands of immigrants come to AmericaAmerica

• Leads to Leads to prejudiceprejudice• Native born Americans will be know as Native born Americans will be know as

nativistnativist.. Three main groups:Three main groups:

1.1. ScandinaviansScandinavians2.2. GermansGermans3.3. IrishIrish

Second Great AwakeningSecond Great Awakening

Renewal of religious faith. Renewal of religious faith. • 1790-18001790-1800• There is a huge movement in society to There is a huge movement in society to

become more selflessbecome more selfless Temperance Societies- Temperance Societies- campaign to campaign to

stop the drinking of alcoholstop the drinking of alcohol• Led by wives because husbands were Led by wives because husbands were

spending most of their earnings on spending most of their earnings on alcohol.alcohol.

Women ReformsWomen Reforms

Labor Unions- Labor Unions- In response to poor In response to poor working conditionsworking conditions• StrikesStrikes

Dorthea Dix- Dorthea Dix- Cared for the mentally Cared for the mentally illill

Creating Ideal SocietiesCreating Ideal Societies

Utopia-Utopia- a perfect society a perfect society• New Harmony, IndianaNew Harmony, Indiana• Brook Farm, MassachusettsBrook Farm, Massachusetts

Aimed to creating a better society for Aimed to creating a better society for everyone.everyone.• Not looking out for just yourself, wanted Not looking out for just yourself, wanted

to uplift everyone.to uplift everyone.

Abolitionists MovementAbolitionists Movement

Called for the end of slaveryCalled for the end of slavery Grimke Sisters-Grimke Sisters- Southern sisters Southern sisters

who joined the movement and spoke who joined the movement and spoke out against slavery.out against slavery.

Fredrick DouglasFredrick Douglas Sojourner Truth “Declare the Sojourner Truth “Declare the

Truth to the people”Truth to the people”• Devout ChristianDevout Christian

Underground RailroadUnderground Railroad

An aboveground series of escape routes An aboveground series of escape routes from the South to the North.from the South to the North.• Runaway slaves traveled on foot, wagons, Runaway slaves traveled on foot, wagons,

boats, and trainsboats, and trains Move at night and hid during the dayMove at night and hid during the day

• StationsStations Attics and cellarsAttics and cellars

Leaders of the RR were called conductors.Leaders of the RR were called conductors.• Harriet TubmanHarriet Tubman

Harriet TubmanHarriet Tubman

Escaped slavery before she could be Escaped slavery before she could be soldsold• Suffered fainting spellsSuffered fainting spells• Made 19 trips on the RR and never lost a Made 19 trips on the RR and never lost a

personperson Carried a pistol to scare off slave huntersCarried a pistol to scare off slave hunters Medicine to quiet crying babiesMedicine to quiet crying babies Saved her parentsSaved her parents

Women ReformersWomen Reformers

Elizabeth Cady StantonElizabeth Cady Stanton Lucretia MottLucretia Mott

• They were both very out spoken on the They were both very out spoken on the status of womenstatus of women

• Attended a World Anti-Slavery Attended a World Anti-Slavery Convention in London but not allowed inConvention in London but not allowed in

Women were not allowed to:Women were not allowed to:• VoteVote• Sit on juriesSit on juries• Hold public officeHold public office

Seneca Falls ConventionSeneca Falls Convention

Mott and Stanton decided to hold their Mott and Stanton decided to hold their own conventionown convention• Seneca Falls, NYSeneca Falls, NY• 100-300 men and women attended the 100-300 men and women attended the

conventionconvention• Fredrick DouglassFredrick Douglass

There they drafted a resolution that There they drafted a resolution that modeled the Declaration of Independencemodeled the Declaration of Independence• Declaration of Sentiments and ResolutionsDeclaration of Sentiments and Resolutions• It was widely accepted except the right of It was widely accepted except the right of

“suffrage”“suffrage”