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8/12/2019 Identifying the Syntax of the Greek Participle
1/12
Identifying the Syntax of
the Greek ParticipleDaniel J. Pfeifer
8/12/2019 Identifying the Syntax of the Greek Participle
2/12
Identify the
participle
Parse the
participle
Yes No
Inspect the nouns
near the participle
Attributive Substantival
Periphrastic
ConstructionAdverbial
Genitive
AbsoluteInspect the verbs
near the participle
Yes No Yes No
Yes No
Does the
participle have
an article?
Is the
participle in adj
position with a
noun?
Is the participle
working with
indicative form of
?
Is the participle
genitive, working
with a genitive
noun?
Attributive SubstantivalGenitive
Absolute
Periphrastic
Construction Adverbial
Inspect the nouns
near the participle
8/12/2019 Identifying the Syntax of the Greek Participle
3/12
Identify the
participle
Parse the
participle
Yes No
Inspect the nouns
near the participle
Attributive Substantival
Periphrastic
ConstructionAdverbial
Genitive
Absolute
Yes No Yes No
Yes No
Does the
participle have
an article?
Attributive SubstantivalGenitive
Absolute
Periphrastic
Construction Adverbial
Attributive
Inspect the nouns
near the participle
Inspect the verbs
near the participle
Is the
participle in adj
position with a
noun?
Is the participle
genitive, working
with a genitive
noun?
Is the participle
working with
indicative form of
?
8/12/2019 Identifying the Syntax of the Greek Participle
4/12
Identify the
participle
Parse the
participle
Yes
Inspect the nouns
near the participle
Attributive
Yes
Does the
participle have
an article?
Attributive SubstantivalGenitive
Absolute
Periphrastic
Construction Adverbial
Attributive
Translation
Examples
(note relative time)
. . .The man who is speakingto the crowd is . . . . . .The man whospoketo the crowd is . . .
. . .The man who was speakingto the crowd was . . . . . .The man who had spokento the crowd was . . .
Adjectival Position
Adj-1: Art-Adj-N
Adj-2: Art-N-Art-Adj
Adj-3: N-Art-Adj (Thisis common with ptcps)
Is the
participle in adj
position with a
noun?
8/12/2019 Identifying the Syntax of the Greek Participle
5/12
8/12/2019 Identifying the Syntax of the Greek Participle
6/12
Identify the
participle
Parse the
participle
Yes
Inspect the nouns
near the participle
Substantival
No
Does the
participle have
an article?
Attributive SubstantivalGenitive
Absolute
Periphrastic
Construction Adverbial
Substantival
Translation
Examples
(note relative time) . . .The one who is speakingto the crowd is . . . . . .The man whospoketo the crowd is . . .
. . .The one who was speakingto the crowd was . . . . . .The one who had spokento the crowd was . . .
Is the
participle in adj
position with a
noun?
8/12/2019 Identifying the Syntax of the Greek Participle
7/12
Identify the
participle
Parse the
participle
Yes No
Inspect the nouns
near the participle
Attributive Substantival
Periphrastic
ConstructionAdverbial
Genitive
Absolute
Yes No Yes No
Yes No
Does the
participle have
an article?
Attributive SubstantivalGenitive
Absolute
Periphrastic
Construction Adverbial
Genitive
Absolute
Inspect the nouns
near the participle
Inspect the verbs
near the participle
Is the
participle in adj
position with a
noun?
Is the participle
genitive, working
with a genitive
noun?
Is the participle
working with
indicative form of
?
8/12/2019 Identifying the Syntax of the Greek Participle
8/12
Identify the
participle
Parse the
participle
No
Genitive
Absolute
Yes
Does the
participle have
an article?
Attributive SubstantivalGenitive
Absolute
Periphrastic
Construction Adverbial
Genitive
Absolute
Translation
Inspect the nouns
near the participle
Examples
. . . (Mark 14:43)And immediately, while he was still speaking, Judas came. . . .And immediately, after he spoke, Judas came. . . .And when he had spoken, Judas came.
Is the participle
genitive, working
with a genitive
noun?
8/12/2019 Identifying the Syntax of the Greek Participle
9/12
Identify the
participle
Parse the
participle
Yes No
Inspect the nouns
near the participle
Attributive Substantival
Periphrastic
ConstructionAdverbial
Genitive
Absolute
Yes No Yes No
Yes No
Does the
participle have
an article?
Does the
participle agree
with a noun?
Attributive SubstantivalGenitive
Absolute
Periphrastic
Construction Adverbial
Periphrastic
Construction
Inspect the nouns
near the participle
Inspect the verbs
near the participle
Is the participle
genitive, working
with a genitive
noun?
Is the participle
working with
indicative form of
?
8/12/2019 Identifying the Syntax of the Greek Participle
10/12
Identify the
participle
Parse the
participle
No
Periphrastic
Construction
No
Yes
Does the
participle have
an article?
Attributive SubstantivalGenitive
Absolute
Periphrastic
Construction Adverbial
Periphrastic
Construction
Translation
Inspect the nouns
near the participle
Inspect the verbs
near the participle
periphrastic tense construction
Present
present of
+
present participle
Imperfect imperfect of + present participle
Future
future of + present participle
Perfect
present of + perfect participle
Pluperfect
imperfect of
+
perfect participle
Future Perfect
future of
+
perfect participle
Examples
. . . you are speaking . . .you were speaking
. . .you will be speaking . . . you have been speaking . . .you had been speaking . . .you will have been speaking
Is the participle
genitive, working
with a genitive
noun?
Is the participle
working with
indicative form of
?
8/12/2019 Identifying the Syntax of the Greek Participle
11/12
Identify the
participle
Parse the
participle
Yes No
Inspect the nouns
near the participle
Attributive Substantival
Periphrastic
ConstructionAdverbial
Genitive
Absolute
Yes No Yes No
Yes No
Does the
participle have
an article?
Does the
participle agree
with a noun?
Attributive SubstantivalGenitive
Absolute
Periphrastic
Construction Adverbial
Adverbial
Inspect the nouns
near the participle
Inspect the verbs
near the participle
Is the participle
genitive, working
with a genitive
noun?
Is the participle
working with
indicative form of
?
8/12/2019 Identifying the Syntax of the Greek Participle
12/12
Identify the
participle
Parse the
participle
No
Adverbial
No
No
Does the
participle have
an article?
Attributive SubstantivalGenitive
Absolute
Periphrastic
Construction Adverbial
Adverbial
Translation
Inspect the nouns
near the participle
Inspect the verbs
near the participle
main verb present participle aorist participle
Future "While" + future continuouswill be eating
"After" + presenteating
Present "While" + present continuous
is eating
"After" + simple past
eatingImperfect "While" + past continuous
was eating"After" + past perfect
had eaten
Aorist "While" + past continuouswas eating
"After" + past perfecthad eaten
Perfect "While" + perfect continuoushave been eating
"After" + past perfecthadeaten
Examples
.He goes whilehe is praying. .He went whilehe was praying. .He goes
after
heprayed
. .He went afterhe prayed. Is the participle
genitive, working
with a genitive
noun?
Is the participle
working with
indicative form of
?