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Identifying Split Failures Due to Over Saturation
(Demand> Capacity)
Ed Smaglik, Darcy Bullock,Jim Sturdevant & Tom Urbanik
Prevailing View
A signal phase does not have periods of over saturation if an agency never sees or hears about problems.
We need tools to tabulate performance metrics related to over
saturation 24-7!
Outline
What is saturation?How do we quantify it? Yauch v/c ratio
How can we measure it? Fuhr’s . collect data for better
information..
How should we look at it?What can we do?
Indianapolis: US 31 & 116th
Saturated or Undersaturated
Under saturated split with slack
Split reduction to improve efficiency
Red Green Yellow
Saturated Flow Undersaturated Flow
Rat
e of
Dis
char
ge
Red
Red Green Yellow
Saturated Flow Undersaturated Flow
Rat
e of
Dis
char
ge
Red
Red Green Yellow
Saturated Flow Undersaturated Flow
Rat
e of
Dis
char
ge
Red
Saturated split with no slack
Unmet demand at termination
Red Green Yellow
Rat
e of
Dis
char
ge
RedRed Green Yellow
Rat
e of
Dis
char
ge
Red
Red Green YellowR
ate
of D
isch
arge
Red
UnmetDemand
Cycle Based Binning of qg
ll
l
ll
g
l gs
Cv
C
gs
q
c
v
*
*
*
v/c ratio ll
l
ll
g
l gs
Cv
C
gs
q
c
v
*
*
*
Need served volumeavailable in real time
Ex.. 30s green on 60s cycleSat flow is 1800 vphplObserved flow on green/amber is 16v/c= 1.06… no slack green thereServed vs. Demand Issue
Phase 2, October 18th, 2004
0
1
2
0:00 6:00 12:00 18:00 0:00
Noblesville site, October 18th, 2004 v/c plots
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
Phase 3 v/c October 18th, 2004 (WL123C)
0
0.2
0.4
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Time
v/c
Phase 3 1 5 Cycle Average
Phase 8 v/c October 18th, 2004 (WA123C, WB123C)
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Time
v/c
Phase 8 1 5 Cycle Average
Phase 1 v/c October 18th, 2004 (SL123C)
0
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0:00
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Time
v/c
Phase 1 1 5 Cycle Average
Phase 2 v/c October 18th, 2004 (NA12C, NB12C)
0
0.2
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Time
v/c
Phase 2 1 5 Cycle Average
Phase 5 v/c October 18th, 2004 (NL12C)
0
0.2
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1
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10:0
0:00
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12:0
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AM
Time
v/c
Phase 5 1 5 Cycle Average
Phase 6 v/c October 18th, 2004 (SA123C, SB123C)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
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12:0
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AM
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10:0
0:00
PM
12:0
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AM
Time
v/c
Phase 6 1 5 Cycle Average
Phase 7 v/c October 18th, 2004 (EL12C)
0
0.2
0.4
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0:00
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12:0
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Time
v/c
Phase 7 1 5 Cycle Average
Phase 8 v/c October 18th, 2004 (WA123C, WB123C)
0
0.2
0.4
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0.8
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1.2
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12:0
0:00
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2:00
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10:0
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12:0
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AM
Time
v/c
Phase 8 1 5 Cycle Average
Split Failure?
Phase 5 v/c October 18th, 2004 (NL12C)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
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12:0
0:00
AM
2:00
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8:00
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12:0
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AM
Time
v/c
Phase 5 1 5 Cycle Average
Phase 6 v/c October 18th, 2004 (SA123C, SB123C)
0
0.2
0.4
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0.8
1
1.2
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12:0
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AM
2:00
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AM
Time
v/c
Phase 6 1 5 Cycle Average
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
Phase 1 v/c October 18th, 2004 (SL123C)
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
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12:0
0:00
AM
2:00
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AM
Time
v/c
Phase 1 1 5 Cycle Average
Phase 2 v/c October 18th, 2004 (NA12C, NB12C)
0
0.2
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Time
v/c
Phase 2 1 5 Cycle Average
Phase 3 v/c October 18th, 2004 (WL123C)
0
0.2
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12:0
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AM
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Time
v/c
Phase 3 1 5 Cycle Average
Phase 8 v/c October 18th, 2004 (WA123C, WB123C)
0
0.2
0.4
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0.8
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1.2
1.4
1.6
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2
12:0
0:00
AM
2:00
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AM
4:00
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AM
6:00
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AM
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AM
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AM
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12:0
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AM
Time
v/c
Phase 8 1 5 Cycle Average
Phase 7 v/c October 18th, 2004 (EL12C)
0
0.2
0.4
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1
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2
12:0
0:00
AM
2:00
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AM
4:00
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AM
6:00
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AM
8:00
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AM
10:0
0:00
AM
12:0
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PM
2:00
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6:00
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8:00
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PM
12:0
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AM
Time
v/c
Phase 7 1 5 Cycle Average
Phase 8 v/c October 18th, 2004 (WA123C, WB123C)
0
0.2
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12:0
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AM
2:00
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AM
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AM
6:00
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AM
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Time
v/c
Phase 8 1 5 Cycle Average
Split reallocationOctober 18thPhase 5 v/c October 18th, 2004 (NL12C)
0
0.2
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Time
v/c
Phase 5 1 5 Cycle Average
Phase 6 v/c October 18th, 2004 (SA123C, SB123C)
0
0.2
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Time
v/c
Phase 6 1 5 Cycle Average
October 26thPhase 5 v/c October 26th, 2004 (NL12C)
0
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v/c
Phase 5 1 5 Cycle Average
Phase 6 v/c October 26th, 2004 (SA123C, SB123C)
0
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Time
v/c
Phase 6 1 5 Cycle Average
Phase5
Phase6
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8
+5s
-5s
Can we infer Split Failures by estimating served volume to capacity ratios?
Split Failures… counting the dots>1.0
Timing Plan
Duration of
Operation
Split Failure
s (Before
)
Number of
Phases (Before)
Split Failures (After)
Number of
Phases (After)
AM Peak
3 hr 5 84 5 87
Mid Day
2 hr 1 74 0 74
PM Peak
4.5 hr 16 131 9 131
Off Peak
5.5 hr 17 223 5 226
Comments
Before we can manage during over saturation, we need to: Figure out what we are going to
measure Determine how we can pull some
meaningful information out of data
Short term goal: develop tools to enable small, strategic human-in-the-loop to adjustments…without extensive field visits.
Challenges
High Quality Cycle by Cycle Count Data Detection Technology Collection on Controller Quickly extracting meaningful easily
understood graphs
Recommended LT Sensor Installation
NLNA
NBNC N
11
112
22
233
334
44
4
12
34
N
Questions?
Do we mess with
PCEs?
Extra
INDOTCabinet
PurdueCabinet NL
NANB
NC
WL
WA
WB
SCSB
SASL
EB
EA
EL
N
NL1234C
NA1234C
NB1234C
NC1234C
NA6
NC6
NB6
NA8
NC8
NB8
EL1234C
EB1234C
EA1234C
SL4C
SB4C
SA4C
SC4C
SC123C
SA123C
SB123C
SL123C
WB67C
WB123C
WA123C
WL123C
WB45C
WA45C
WL45C
SC5
SA5
SB5
Southbound Count Detectors
SC4C
SC123C
SB4C
SB123C
SA4C
SA123C
SL4C
SL123C
SB-M2
SB-M1
SA-M2
SA-M1
SL-M2
SL-M1
Results – Turning Movements
Movement Approach Detector 24hr AM peak PM peak NL-M1 X X X NL-M2 X X Northbound
NL1234C SL-M1 X X X SL-M2
SL123C X SL4
Southbound
SL4C X EL-M1 X EL-M2 X X X Eastbound
EL1234C X X X WL-M1 WL-M2
WL123C X
Le
ft t
urn
Westbound
WL45C X WB-M1 X X X WB-M2 X X
WB123C X X
Sh
are
d
thru
/
rig
ht
Westbound
WB45C Northbound NC1234C
SC123C SC4 Southbound
SC4C
Rig
ht
turn
Eastbound EL1234C
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
0:00 6:00 12:00 18:00 0:00
Vo
lum
e
1234C Visual
AM PEAK PM PEAK
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Time
Ab
so
lute
Dif
ffer
en
ce
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Pe
rce
nta
ge
Dif
fere
nc
e
NC1234C Absolute
NC1234C Percentage
AM PEAK PM PEAK
0:00 6:00 12:00 18:00 0:00
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
0:00 6:00 12:00 18:00 0:00
Vo
lum
e
1234C Visual
AM PEAK PM PEAK
-20
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Time
Abs
olut
e D
iffer
ence
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Per
cent
age
Diff
eren
ce
EA1234C Absolute
EA1234C Percentage
AM PEAK PM PEAK
0:00 6:00 12:00 18:00 0:00
NC1234C EA1234C
Video Detection – Noblesville, IN:Data Collection Cabinet
A – Remote Windows Computer for Data Collection
B – Video Multi-plexer
C – Camera Detector CardsD – Loop Detector CardsE – Patch Panel
Evaluation Location
N
