ICARDA Bread Wheat

Updates on Spring Bread Wheat Breeding Program at ICARDA for the year 2018

W. Tadesse, S. Tawkaz, S. El-Hanafi, P. Skaf, A. Hamwieh, A. Sherif , M. El-Bouhssini, K. Nazari, S. Rehman, R. Sharma, Z. Bishaw, A. Niane, S. Assefa, H. Halila, A. Amri and M.

Baum

CAIGE Meeting 18th March , Adelaide

Yr Response 375 advanced lines in Merchouch, 2017/18

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Screening of LPM-18 with Septoria- Adult plant screening (432 genotypes)

- Merchouch- Sidi Allal Tazi

- Inoculum: Mixture of 10- isolates

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Response of LPM 18 to SeptoriaMCH

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Overlap of resistant entries

Rehman et al. unpublished data

Response of high yielding, yellow rust resistant, and drought tolerant elite spring bread wheat genotypes to Hessian Fly, 2018

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Grain yield performance of elite spring breadwheat genotypes across locations, 2018

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TKW (gm)

TKW variation at Merchouch and Terbol stations 2017/18

Mer Ter

Distribution of International Nurseries and Yield Trials

The following International nurseries and yield trials have been distributed from Terbol

station, Lebanon to more than 30 countries in the CWANA and SSA regions and

beyond up on request from the NARS .

1. Spring bread wheat observation nursery for CWANA (19thCWANA SBWON)

2. Spring bread wheat observation nursery for heat tolerance (19th HT-SBWON)

3. Spring bread wheat yield trial for HT( 19th ESBWYT-HT)

4. Spring bread wheat yield trial for dry-land environments (19th DSBWYT)

5. Elite spring bread wheat yield trial (19th ESBWYT)

6. Especial nursery for 12 countries in Sub Saharan Africa (AfDB project)

7. CIAGE nursery for 2019* In 2018, nine varieties of ICARDA origin were released. www.icarda.org/research-sub/international nurseries

Tadesse et al. 2019, Crop Science

Significant marker alleles (on chromosomes 4A & 5A) and their contribution to yield under heat stressed environments

QTLs on 1D, 2B, 3B, 5B, 6B, 7A, 7D are correlated significantlywith yield at Setttat, Morocco ( Semi- arid environnent)

Drought tolerance

QTLs on 1B, 2B, 3B, 4B,5B,7B were significant with resistance to septoria both at adult plant (field) and seedling ( greenhouse) stages

Adult plant resistance Seedling resistance

Thank You!

ICARDA Durum Wheat

icarda.orgInternational Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas

cgiar.org A CGIAR Research Center

Focused improvement of ICARDA/Australian durum germplasm for abiotictolerance

Filippo Bassi

GGE model for environmental similarities

• This year Narrabri and North Star data were not included? These matched Marchouch

• Sidi el Aydi and Tessaout good places for CAIGE to do selection• Possibility to add Terbol and Amalaha

Grp 1:Lockhart, Sunville, Roseworthy, Kaniva, Sidi el Aydi and Terbol

Grp 2:Kapunda, Tamworth, Edgeroi, Tessaout and Amalaha

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2017-18 2018-19

Value of 2018 testedgermplasm

• Bold entries were the best based on international data and blue ones were the best based on CAIGE. Pooragreement.

• Only 47 ICARDA lines tested in CAIGE. The best:

• 19:ZDK17 (Sebachan): Strong disease package, positive alleles for yellow pigment (Lpx and Psy)

• 35:ZDL17 (Jabal): great drought tolerance, shallow roots. Under consideration for release in Morocco.

• 60:ZDL17 (Farkassem): stable, large grains, good yellow pigment, weak gluten

Grain yield potential and stability based on

16 international sites in 11countries

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Value of 2018 imported germplasm

• Bold entries were the best based on internationaldata

• These could be prioritized in CAIGEtesting of next season

Grain yield potential and stability based on 15 international sites in 9countries

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Genetic gain for G + GxE

• Since 2015 we have incorporated a selection index for stability (GxE) + yield potential (G)

• These graph show it was possible to make a rapid strong gain for stability, while increasing yield potential

• Similar results should be visible also among the germplasm tested inAustraliaicarda.

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Pyramiding useful alleles

• 20 new KASP have been validated for drought, heat, and pests as part of the GRDC funded project

• These have been used to select via MAS F4 individuals (graph) generated by crossing ICARDA donors to Australian cultivars

• The best 100 x F6 will be shipped to Australia in October 2019icarda.org

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Quality characteristics of the durum panel

• The durum panel was tested for quality characteristics from 5 environments• Australia material (Table) were among the best for gluten strength and grain

color• ICARDA material had up to 30% larger grains than Australian cultivars• This is a good opportunity for CAIGE to take advantage of the imported

germplasm

ID SDS TKWYP

Yawa 94% 68% 89%Jandaroi 85% 77% 91%Tamaroi 78% 61% 94%UAD0951096

90% 66% 93%

Yallaroi 83% 65% 89%Tjilkuri 76% 69% 92%Kamilaroi 74% 76% 91%Bellaroi 86% 76% 89%Hyperno 90% 75% 89%Wollaroi 85% 71% 89%WID802 88% 69% 88%Saintly 77% 68% 87%Caparoi 78% 72% 84%Gap to best -6% -

23% -6%

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Publications citing GRDC as fundingsource

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Alahmad S., E. Dinglasan, M. Leung, A. Riaz, N. Derbal, J.A. Able, Filippo M. Bassi, J. Christopher, L. Hickey. Speed breeding for multiple quantitative traits in durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.). Plant Methods, 14:36.

El Hassouni, K., S. Alahmad, B. Belkadi, A. Filali-Maltouf, L.T. Hickey,Filippo M. Bassi. Root system architecture and its association withyield under different water regimes in durum wheat. CropsScience, 58.

Bassi Filippo M., H. Brahmi, A. Sabraoui, A. Amri, N. Nsarellah, M.M. Nachit, A. Al-Abdallat,M.S. Chen, A. Lazraq, M. El Bouhssini. 2019. Genetic identification of loci for Hessian flyresistance in durum wheat. Molecular Breeding, 39:24.

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• GRDC funding has been extended to October 2019, the final outputs will be:• 100 F6 from 56 pop. crossing Australian cultivars to ICARDA’s donors and selected

via MAS• 20 new validated KASP markers for various traits:

• grain size under drought, grain number under heat, pest resistance, ..

• Sidi el Aydi and Tessaout remain good stations to be used for CAIGE selection

• 19 elites obtained by speed breeding advancement of ICARDA x Australia crosses haveconfirmed good yield performances

• Australian germplasm could benefit from targeting crosses to ICARDA for larger grain size

• There might be scope to import 1,000 entries of the Global Durum Panel to Australia

• A detailed scientific report was included with the GRDC annual report

Conclusions

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Thankyou