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I verbi -are
la coniugazione!
• Io = I = the person who is talking
• Lui= he = a male we are talking about• Lei = she = a female we are talking about• ___ = it = a thing we are talking about
• Tu= you = the person I am talking to
When Signora Rolf says “io”, “io” means Signora Rolf. When Lucia says “io”, “io” means Lucia. When Raffaele says “io”, “io” means Raffaele.
When I am talking to Donatello, “tu” means Donatello. When I am talking to Gabriella, “tu” means Gabriella. When I am talking to Giovanni, “tu” means Giovanni.
• Noi = we = the two people who are talking
• Loro = they = the people we are talking about
• Voi = all y’all = the people I am talking to
io + mia madre = noiio + Giuseppe = noiio + tu = noi
tu + tua madre = voitu + i tuoi amici = voitu + Alessandra = voiBUTtu + io = noi!
Mario + Antonella = loroLeonardo + Luigi = lorogli studenti = loroi tuoi amici = loro
Infinitive form
• ends in -are or -arsi
“to” do somethingmangiare – to eatballare – to dancelavarsi – to wash yourself
Conjugation
• used only with verbs• tell who does what, when– person, verb, tense
How to conjugate
1. take off the -are2. add your endings!3. if the verb ends in –arsi
a. change the -si to the appropriate pronoun
parlare
io parlo noi parliamo
tu parli voi parlate
lui / lei parla loro parlano
ballare
io ballo noi balliamo
tu balli voi ballate
lui / lei balla loro ballano
mangiare
io mangio noi mangiamo*
tu mangi* voi mangiate
lui / lei mangia loro mangiano
*(don’t make a double “i”)
giocare
io gioco noi giochiamo*
tu giochi* voi giocate
lui / lei gioca loro giocano
*(keep the hard -c /k/ sound)
alzarsi
io mi alzo noi ci alziamo
tu ti alzi voi vi alzate
lui / lei si alza loro si alzano
chiamarsi
io mi chiamo noi ci chiamiamo
tu ti chiami voi vi chiamate
lui / lei si chiama loro si chiamano
in general
io (mi) -o noi (ci) -iamo
tu (ti) -i voi (vi) -ate
lui / lei (si) -a loro (si) -ano
• Since every form has a different ending, the subject pronouns are OPTIONAL.– parlo means “I speak”, whether or not you say “io”– parliamo means “we speak”, whether or not you
say “noi”• Italians do not often use the subject pronouns.
now you try it!!!
• conjugate completely: 1. abitare2. annoiarsi3. cercare4. comprare5. dimenticare6. insegnare7. lavarsi8. pagare9. portare10. svegliarsi
But what does it all mean???
• These verbs are in the present tense.
• The present tense is used to talk about things that are happening right now, happen regularly, or will happen in the very near future.
• mangio– I eat– I do eat– I am eating
• parli– you talk– you do talk– you are talking
• balla– s/he dances– s/he does dance– s/he is dancing
• suoniamo– we play– we do play– we are playing
• tornate– all y’all return– all y’all are returning– all y’all do return
• si truccano– they put on makeup– they do put on makeup– they are putting on makeup
why is this useful? I almost never say “I do eat.”
• This is useful for questions!• Form a yes/no question in Italian just by
adding a question mark (and changing the way you speak)!– Mangi la pasta. You eat pasta.– Mangi la pasta? Do you eat pasta?– Studia l’italiano. S/he studies Italian.– Studia l’italiano? Does s/he study Italian?
• This is useful to say what people do not do!– Non mangio la carne. I don’t eat meat.– Luigi non gioca a calcio. Luigi doesn’t play soccer.– Perché non parli con Lucia? Why don’t you talk
to Lucia?– Non abitiamo a Solon. We do not live in Solon.– Non parlate francese. All y’all do not speak
French.
This is useful to describe what people are doing (now or in the near future).
• Maria balla. Maria is dancing.• Giorgio mangia. Giorgio is eating.• Io telefono a mia madre. I am calling my
mother.• Ti alzi alle 7 domani? Are you getting up at 7
tomorrow?• Mangi a Chipotle stasera? Are you eating at
Chipotle tonight?