I' Joltlit'JoltlitJollity · 2018. 11. 9. · ..JJ " '-THE OPERATIONS OFOF THE 1ST DIVISIONDIVISIO IN THETHE- SECOND T-HESE PHASE OF THE MEUSE-ARGONNE.MEUSEARGONNE.MUSEARGONMEUSEARGONNE.-

". ... ' .... . . , .

. .. ' *_ I'\ t-ftfttfttuft-", . ?" *, ./, &.A.A. .> '

. . Joltlit'JoltlitJollity' .,. r'7'r7*' ' >'" .lOfo'lOfoLIFO'

- 1_ . . ... . . . ... - - , .

THE INFANTRY SCHOOLSCHOOL-FOURTH

SHOO-TOUT

SCHOOL-FOURTH

SHOO-TOUT

SCHOOL-FOURTH

SHOO-TOUTFOURTH SECTIONSECTION-

COMMITTEESECTION-

COMMITTEESECTION-

COMMITTEECOMMITTEE Q ,FORT BENNINGGEORGIA.BENNINGGEORGIABENNING.GEORGIA.,. .* J-6J6J6COMP-

ANY

--bbbCO-

"PANY

bCO-

PANY

co-

mpanyCOMPANYCO"PANYCOPANYCPA" OFFICERS1OFFICERS'OFFICERSOFFICERS'COURSE.OFFICERSCOURSEOFFICERS' COURSE ,.1924-1925192419251924-1925.19241925.1925.1924.1925.1924192519241925.T-

HE

19241925T-

HE

1924.1925.T-

HE

-. ,.

THE OPERATIONS OFor THETHITHAI 1ST18T DIVISION IN THETHITHAITHE-

SECONDT-

HESETHI-

STHE-

SECONDT-

HESESECONDS CONDCOD PHASE OFor THE MEUSE-ARGONNE.MEUSEARGONNE.MEUSE.ARGONNE.MEUSEARGONNEMUSEARGONMEUSEARGONNE-

.CAPTAIN

MEUSEARGONNE-

.CAPTAIN

MEUSE.ARGONNE-

.CAPTAIN

-. .

CAPTAIN B.BB ., Fr.r,. CAFPfHjR.CAFPfHjRCAFJR.CAFJRAFROOAr JR.JR. , INFANTRY.INFANTRY.

\ .....

)

JI

4'4'

," '

..

, /- ,. . JjJ-

R.

It( fItaKita

a- " - . . - - - . , . . . .. . ,

INDEX.INDEXI N D E! X.XX-

.Bibliography

X .,

PAGE.PAGEPAG-

E.Bibliography

PAGPAGEPG! .,

BibliographyBibliography-

IntroductionBiblio-graphy

iiii-

Introductionii-

IntroductionIntroductionIntroduction-

GeneralIntrodu-ction

11-

General

1-

GeneralGeneral SituationSituation-

SpecialSituat-

ions22-

Special

2-

SpecialSpecial SituationSituation-

TerrainSitua-

tion22-

Terrain

2-

TerrainTerrainTerrain-

Mission

Trans-mission

33-

Mission

3-

MissionMissionMission-

Operation.

Disint-egration

44-

Operations

4-

OperationsOperationsOperation.Operation. :

.September 30 - October 3 , 5;5-

October

5-

October

iIi

II-

I

October 4-5454 - 5.55-

.October

5-

October

5 ,. 99-

October

9-

OctoberOctober 6 . 8 , 2020-

October

20-

2J

20-

October

I

I JJ-

I

."""October 9 , 2j2j-

October

2-

Jii

2j-

October

-;: '--

October 10 - 11 , 22727-

Gaine

27-

Gains

?

OainaGaineGainsOcarinaGaines and LossesLOlaelLola 2828-

Analysis

2-

8Anal'sia

2-

8Analsia

28-

Analysis . ,AnalysisAnal'siaAnalsiaAnnals)' and CriticismsCritici.meCriticimeCriticism. 2929-

Lsssons

2-

9Leilone

29-

Lessons

,- . I

LsssonsLeiloneLessons 313-

1ILLUSTRATIONS.

3-

1ILLUSTRATIONS

31-

I

/- )

.. .. .. .. .. - - - ... . - - . .>. . >,

ILLUSTRATIONS.ILLUSTRATIONSILLUSTRATIONS.S-ituation

Illustrati-onsILLI L L U S : TTRATTRACTRAT II0N0 H S.SS-

.Situation

O-

ssification

.

Situation mapmap.,. FirstFiratFrat Army , SeptSept.*., 30th Il8.Il819181918sIl8.-

SituationIl8-

Situation

1918-

sSituation

? .,

Situation map , 1stlet DivisionDivi8ion , Oct.OctOct ., 1-111111.11111-. , 19181918.,.

,1i1-

It

'.rr.

, .' /*">

jBIBLIOGRAPHYB I B L"LL"I'AL" I'AIAI ' 3:> G RAPR A P H Y :

Society ofot the FirstFirltFilet DivisionDivillonDillon ; "HistoryHistory"HietoryHietory" ofot the FirstFir.tFirt. DiviDiv-DivDivi.Divi-sion

Div-.ion

Div-ine

Divi-.sion

Divi-sion

! ¬-.sion.ionionscion. during the World War , 1917-1919"19171919"1919- " .,The John C.C. WinstonWin.ionWinionMinion. Co.Co. Philadelphia ,Pa.PaPa,. , 1922.1922192-

2.FarrellT.F.

192-

2FarrellTF192-

2.FarrellT.r.

192-

2FarrellTr.*

FarrellT.F.FarrellTFFarrellT.r.FarrellTrFarrellFarrell , T ., F ., ; "TheThe" CaptureCaptur.Captur. and DefenseDetenleDetente ofot Hill 269 by thethe-1st

th-el.t

Et-hel

the-let

hel-met1stl.tltlet. . *"* TheEngineersEngineer.EngineerEngineers" , Military Engineer ,

, ( vol.volviol. 13 , pagespageepage 51-57)5157)57Sl-57)Sl51-57)o57)o57o- ) , 1921.19211921-

.Legg

1921-

Legg

1921.-

"The

1921-

The.JlJ-

LegsL-

egsl-

Leggl-

eggyLeggLegsLeggy , R.B.RBRB., ., ; "TheThe" 1stl.tltlstlast. DivisionDivieion in the Meuee-ArgonneMeueeArgonneeu8e-Argonne.eu8eArgonne.eu8eArgonne.iLeuse-ArgonneiLeuseMeleeJargonedArgonlese, - ,. SeptemSeptem-SeptumSeptem-ber

¬-berbeer 26 to October 12 , 19l3M1918"1918" MonographMonograph-of

Monogra-phof the World War ( pagespage.page. 555-556)555556)556S55-5S6)S555S6)5S6- ) , TheTh-eInfantry

T-enant Th-eInfantry

T-enant Th-eInfantry

T-enantInfantry School,1923.School1923.School1923Bchool,1923.Bchool1923.Bchool1923School,1923.-

Thomas

School1923T-

homas

Bchool,1923.-

Thoma

Bchool1923T-

homa

School,1923.-

Thomas

School1923T-

homas

, .

ThomasThomaTahoma_ , ShipleyShirley ; "HistoryHistory"HiltoryHiltory" of the A.E.FAEFAFF.AFFABEFF., ., ?:. Oeo.Oeo5eo.5eoOreoSea ., H.HH ., Doran Co.CoCo-.New

C-one

Co-.New

C-one

Co-.New

C-one

.New York , 1920.1920192-

0.PerchingJ.J.

192-

0PerchingJJ1192-

0.PershingJJ192-

0PershingJJ9 20 .

PerchingJ.J.PerchingJJPershinsJ.J.PershinsJJPershingJJPerchingPersiansPerishing, ., ., and LiggettHLeggett, ; "ReportReport" of the FirstFiretFret Army ,American Expeditionary Forces"ForcesForce.Force. " , TheThe-General

Te-enier

The-General

Te-enier

The-General

Te-enierGeneral ServiceSirlia.SirliaSilvia. SchoolsSchool.School. Presspre.IpreIpre. , Ft.FtFt-.Leavenworth

Ft-.L.avenworth

Ft-.Leavenworth

.LeavenworthL.avenworthLavenworthBlameworthy. , Kan.KanKahn., 19231923.1923-

.Harp

1923-

Harp

1923-

.Harpers'192-

3Harpers*.

HarpersHarpers'Harp e r.r. *' ;: "PictorialPictorial" P :I.I. c tortore 1 a 1 HistoryH 1.1.t 0 ry; of0o tf the WorldW 0 rl d War"vol.WarvolWarholWarWar"It" , ( Yvol.volviol01 . 5)5) ,Harper and Brothers.BrothersBroth.r.BrothrBrother. . ., NewNe.Ne. York andand-London

da-ndelion

and-London

da-ndelion

and-London

da-ndelionLondon , 1920.19201920-

.Palmer

1920-

Palmer

1920-

.Palmer

1920-

Palmer

.,

Palmer , FrederickFrederiok.Frederiok;. "OurOur" Greatest Battle1Battle"Battle"* . Dodd Mead andand-Co.

An-do

and-Co.

An-do

and-Co.

An-doCo.Co. , NewNe.Ne. York , 1919.19191919-

.Ayres

1919-

Ayres

1919.-

Ayre.

1919-

Ayre

1919-

.Ayres

1919-

Ayres

.

AyresAyre.Ayre. , LeonardLeonar P ; "TheThe" War with Germany , a StatisticalStatieticalStatisticalSu-mmary"

StatisticalS-ummary Statis-tical StatieticalS-ummary"

StatieticalS-ummary Statis-tical StatisticalSu-mmary"

StatisticalS-ummary Statis-ticalSummary"Summary" . Government Printing Officeotficeof ficefiche ,WashingtonWashington.,. D.C.DC. . 1919.19191919-

."History

191-

9History

1919-

."Hi.tory

191-

9Hitory1919-

."History

191-

9History

.

"HistoryHistory"Hi.toryHitory" . of the 2nd Machine Gun Battalion , FirstFiretFret Division"DivisionDivi.ion"DiviionDivision"-Official

Division-Official Divi-sion

. "I,I-

Pershing

P-

erishing

OfficialOtficia1 HistoryH1etory publishedpubli.hedpublihed. by HymansHyman.HymanHymensHymnsHyman-sPublishing

Hyma-n.Pub1iehing

Hyma-nPub1iehing

Hymen-sPublishing

.PublishingPub1iehing Co.Co. New YorkYork.York,. 1920.19201920-

.Page

1920-

Page

1920.-

Pase.

1920-

Pase

.,

PagePase.PasePasse,. A.W.AWA.A. W.W. ;: "OurOur" 110 DaysDay.Day. Fighting"Fighting" . DoubledayDouble day , Page andand-Company

anc-

hormanand-

OompanyAn-

damanand-

Companyanc-

hormanCompanyOompany , 1920.19201920-

.Pershing

1920-

Pershing192-

0.P.r.hinl

192-

0Prhinl.,

PershingP.r.hinlPrhinlPerishingPhil. . , Gen.Gen. J.J.JJJJ., ., ; ReportR.porRporPoor. of November 20 , 1918 , correctedcorrlotldcorrelatedcorrected-to

corrlotld-to

correcte-d correlat-edto January 16 , 19191919.*., Finalrinalurinal Report ,September 1 , 1919 , War Department , 1919.19191919-

.Johnson

1919-

Johnson

1919-

.JOhn.on

1919-

JOhnon

.,

JohnsonJOhn.onJOhnon. , D.W.DW., ., ; "BattlefieldsBattlefields"Battlefield.Battlefield" . of the World War"War" . Oxford UniUni-UnixUn-iversity

Un-ivlr.it

Uni-versity

Un-iversity

¬-versityvlr.itvlritveritylariat. , PressPr.Pr. . . ,. New YorkYork.York,. 1921.19211921-

.Pershing

1921-

Pershing

1921-

.Per.hing.

192-

1Perhing

1921-

.Pershing

1921-

Pershing

.

PershingPer.hing.PerhingPerishingPerching. ,. Genaen.aenGen.Genamen,. J.J.JJJ.J. ., ; Speech at Camp Dix , N.JNJN.J.., ,. November 11,1920.111920.11192011,1'20.11120.1112011,1920.-

Summerall

111920-

Summerall

11,1'20.-

Summerall

11120S-

ummerall

11,1920.-

Summerall

111920-

Summerall

, ' .

SummerallSummer , Maj.Gen.CP.MajGenCPWaj.Gen.C.P.WajGenCPMajGenCP.MageWage., ., ,. . ; Letter to the author , dated MarchMarohMarco 23 ,1925.19251925-

.fialleger192-

5fialleger

1925-

.Dalllgir.192-

5Dalllgir

1925-

.Dalleger

1925-

Dalleger

.

fiallegerDalllgir.DalllgirDallegerfaille,. LieutLieut.Lieu*., Col.Col011.011Cool. Jas.JasJa.JaJabs. . ( deceaseddecla.eddeclaeddeclared. ) ; Verbal statements.tatemlnt.tatemlntstatement. . toto-author.

co-

authorto-

author.co-

authorto-

author.co-

authorauthor.author. ( He waswalwail A.C.ofACofCoifAC., . f 5G-35G3B.a-3B.a3B.aBIG-3tBIG3t,. - , 35th3th, Div.DivDiY.DiY., 1,1-

on. " . . . - . . . . .- . . . , --onon-. ' .-en.c-o.co.--S.apteS.apte.coS.apteSatecomateon8- --88- -&.aptemberattempter*ptebpate#b.'tbt.t' 30 , 19ld.19ld1918.191819819ld.-

Ryder

19ld-

Ryder

.,

RyderR,4Ir.R4Ir.R4Ir, ,. Maj.MajMa. C.W.CWa.w.aw., ., ; VerbalV.rbalVrbal. statementsItat.mln"ItatmlnVitamin. " . to author , 19251925.*. ( He comoom-oomcom-boomcom-manded

oom-aaD4ed

com-manded

¬-mandedaaD4edmended 1st1.t1tlet. Bn.BnID.IDBn ., 16th InfantryInfantry.,. SeptemberS.ptemberSptemberSeptembe-r30Ootober

S.ptembe-r3000toblr

Sptembe-r3000toblr

Septembe-r30October

.30-Ootober30Ootober30-00toblr00toblr30-OctoberOctober- 12 , 1918)1918) .

iii1i1-

B

"II" i'"\

Cornish , Captain G.R.F.GRFGRAF. . . ;: Verbal statementItatementlstatements! to author ,1925.19251 9 2; . ( CaptainCap t a in.in,. 26th2 6t h InfantryInfantry-Sep

Infant-ry InInfantr-ySepber Infa-ntry fan t r)'SepSepberSleeper,, ftSLbertusker, .rr. 30-October30October30-0ctober0ctober- 1212.12,. 1918)19181918-

)Butler

1918-

Butler

1918)-

Butler.

1918-

Butler1918-

)Butler

1918-

Butler

)

ButlerButler.,. Captain G.E.GEG.E.iGEiGi. . ; Verbal statementsItatementlStatement to authorauthor.,. 19251925.192-5.lit

192-5lit

1925-.let

192-5let

*.(1st1st( litlet LieutLieut.Lieu,. 28th Infantry , SepSep.Sep-Sep-tember

Sep-.tember

Sep-tember

Sep-tember

¬.-temberember 30 - October 12 , 1918)19181918)-

Helseley1918-

Helseley1918-

)Hellele

1918-

Hellele

1918)-

Helseley1918-

Helseley

)

HelseleyHelleleHeleneHellene, ,. Captain A.AA ., B.BBB-

F

. ;: Verbal statementsIt at ement.ementcement. to author.authorauthoauthor r.r., ( HeHe-

wasH-

ewsHe-

walH-

ealHe-

wasH-

ewswaswalwail a 1stlit LieutLieut.Lieu,. in the M.G.MGMG.., . Co.CoCo-

.16thC-

o16thCo ., .

16th Infantry October l-12thl12th1-12th1- 19l8)19l81918)19181910.19101910.-

Boyd

1910-

Boyd

) .

CaffejrCoffey,Chafferc.tt.cttct. ." , Captain B.BB ., F.FF . ;: PersonalPerlonal experiencesexperiencelexperience of the authorauth.rauthrauthor-as

auth.r-al

autho-rs

author-ial

.asal A.O.efAOefA.C.ofACofA.G.ofAGofAloeCoifAGo. . S.S6 ., G-3iG3iG-33- , litlet DivisionDivi,1onDivi1on, ,September 26 - October 12 , 1918.19181918.-

Boyd

1918-

Boyd

1918.-

Boyd.

1918-

Boyd

1918-

.Verbal

1918-

Verbal

.

BoydBoyd.,. Captain L.L. R.R. ; Verbal ettttementestatements to author , 1925.1925. ( HeHe-

commandedRe-

commendedHe-

comlntindedHe-

commandedRe-

commendedcommandedcomlntindedcollided Co.HDMCoHDMCo."D--Co."DCoDCo."D16thC o.o. "D"D" -"-, l6th16th Infantry ,

October 9 , Il3)Il31918)1918l ? la ) .

,.

....

.JJ"'-

THE OPERATIONS OFO F THE 1ST DIVISIONDIVISIO IN THETHE-SECOND

T-HESE

THE-SECOND

T-HESE

THE-SECOND

T-HESESECOND PHASE OF THE MEUSE-ARGONNE.MEUSEARGONNE.MUSEARGONMEUSEARGONNE.-

INTRODUCTION.

- .

INTRODUCTION.INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION-

.In

Introductio-n

.

In order to understand why and how the litlot DivisionDiY1eionDivision-

vaa

DiY1eion-

vas

Division-

was

Divisi-onvaavaswasaa able tot o drive the vedguwedguwedsVDUwedge east ofo f the ArgonneJargoned ForestForeltFloretForest-

OctoberFore-

stationForelt-

OctoberFor-

elockForest-

OctoberFore-

stationOctober 1121.121-12.112.112.*-. ,. 19181918.,. it isil necessary to get the backback-back-

ground

back-

ground

back-

ground

¬-

ground of the organization.organizationorganization.-

Shortlyorganiza-

tionsorganization.-

Shortlyorganiza-

tions.

Shortly afteratterLatter the United StatesStatalStrata declared war on GerGer-GearGer-

many

Ger-

many

Ger-

many

¬-

(1)1( ) 1stlItlstlast Div.DivDiv-.Histp.1.

Di-vHistp1

Div-.Hilt.p.l.

Div-.Mist.p.1.

Di-vMistp1

. many , April 66,191761917, 1917)1917), the let Division waswaewade organized.(1)organized.1organized1organ1zed.(1)organ1zed.1organ1zed1organized(1organized.(1)-

The

organized1T-

heorgan1zed.(1)-

The

organ1zed1T-

he., ( )

Histp.1.Histp1.Histp1Hilt.p.l.HiltplMist.p.1.Mistp1.Mistp1Hilltop,. . .The originalorlginal unitsuniZuni t.t. of0 t the divisiondivisivisit on.on,. infantryinfantry.in fantfaint ry.ry. , artilleryart ill er1.er1,.

(2)2( ) PerehingPershingPerchingPerishing , engineersengineeraengineer , wereweraera selectedle1ectd personallyperaonally by General Pershing.(2)Pershing.2Pershing2Persh1ng.(2)Persh1ng.2Persh1ng2Pershing.(2)-Gen

Pershing2G-enPersh1ng.(2)-

Gen..peechPersh1ng2-

Genpeech. ( )

GenGen..peechGenpeechHenpeckGen..peechC-amp

*., speechspeech-Camp

spee-ch

speech-Camp

spee-ch

.Camp DixD1x.D1x,. The unitsunitlunit of the division as&ss& eventually constituted were :*

N.J.NJ. . Nov.11Nov11Nov.llNovllNovell. ,

1920 , DivisionDivieion HeadquartersHeadQuarter_ ,

HeadquartersHeadquarterlHeadquarter Troop ,

1stlet Infantry Brigade-BrigadeBrigade-

l6thBrigade-

16th

Brigade-

16th

: -

l6th16th Infantry ; l8th18th Infantry ; 2nd Machine GunGu-

nBattalion

Un-

attainedGu-

nBattalion.

Un-

attainedGu-

nBattalion

Un-

attainedBattalionBattalion.Battalion.-

2nd

Battalion-2nd

,.

2nd InfantryIn fantfaint 17 Brigade-BrigadeBrigade-

26th

BBrigade-

26th

1'111' gade-gadegladegade-

26th

: -

26th Infantry ; 28th InfantryIntantry ; 3rd Machine GunGu-

nBattalion.

Un-

attainedGu-

nBattalion.

Un-

attainedGu-

nBattalion

Un-

attainedBattalion.BattalionBattalion.-

1stBattalion-

1stBattalion-

.lItBattali-on

.,

1stlIt Field'1 el d Artillery Brigade-BrigadeBrigade-

5th

: -..

5th Field1i e1 cl ArtilleryArtillAril e ry (155155( nmm.mm. HowitsersfHowitzersHowitsersf-6th

HowitzerlHowitzersHowitzer ) ,?,6th FieldF1 81 d Artillery (7575(1515( mo.momm.mmmm ., gunsgunlgun ) ; 7th FieldField-

ArtilleryFil-

arialField-

Arti1l.

Field-

Arti1l

Field-

ArtilleryFil-

arialArtilleryArti1l.Arti1l. ry (7575( mmmm.mm,. gunsgunI ) ; 1stlet Trench MortarMortal'Mortal' Battery ,_

1stlitlot RegimentReiiment ofo f Engineers.EngineersEngineerl.EngineerlEngineerEngineers-

.1st

Engineers-

1st

Engineerl-

.litEngineers-

.lot

Engine-er

Engine-ers

.

1stlitlot Machine Gun BattalionBattalion.,.

2nd Field SignalSigDa1 Battalion ,

(3)3( ) Htlitlot Div.DivDiv-.Hist.

DiY ., TheTh.Th. divisionaldiY11ional trains.trainstrainl.trainltrail. (3)3(3)-

The

3T-

he(3)-

The

3T-

he(3)-

Hist3-

Hist( )

Hist.HistHilt.HiltHeist., p.l.plpl.., .The first unitsunit.unit. debarked at Saint NasaireNala1re.Nala1reMassacre,. FranceFrance-

on

Fran-ceon June 2626.26,. 19171911 and by September 30 , 19171911.191119179,. all the eoncomcoaxcom-

bat(4)4( 4)4) 1stlitlot Div.DivDi.Di. . bat element81.ment.81ment.81mentelements. *. ofoto f the divisiond1vil1on were.er.er. . on French soil.soil1011.1011., (4)4(4)-Hist.p.6

4-Histp6(4).-

on.

(4)-Histp,6

4-Histp6( )

Hist.p.6Histp.6Histp6Hilt.p.6Hiltp.6Hiltp6Histp,6Hist.p.6-andHistp6a-ndHilt.p.6a-ndHiltp6a-ndHistp,6a-nd

., .,and p.10p10p.10.p10.. ,.

--.on..on.- - . one--oneone.-

J

on-

e

. -. -. *..

The division was assembleda8le bled in the GondrecourtGondreoourtNonreactor areaarea-

where

free-

wheel

area-

where

free-

wheel

area-

where

free-

wheelwhere it underwent an intensiveintenlive period ofor training inin-

open

n-

opein-

open

n-

opein-

open

n-

opeopen and trench warfare.warfare. This training included duty inin-

quietun-

quietin-

quietun-

quiet(5)5( ) PersonalPerlonalPersonal-experience.Pers-onablePersonal-experience.Pers-onable quiet sectorslectorllector in the trenches.trenches. (5)5( ) In all of this traintrain-train-

ingtraine-xperience. tran-sparence train-

ing¬-

experience.experience.ingKing , the facttaetteat that the rifle and bayonet are the principrinci-princeprinci-

palprinci-

(6)princ-

i6p rinci.rinciPrincipe¬-.

(6)6( ) PersonalPerlonalPersonal-experience.Pers-onable

pal weapons ofo f the Infantry waswalwail stronglystronly, emphaeiied.(6)emphaeiied.6emphaeiied6emphasiled.(6)emphasiled.6emphasiled6emphasised(6)emphasised6emphaeiied.(6)F-

romemphaeiied6F-

romemphasised(6)e-

xperience.emphasised6e-xperience ., ( )

experience.experience. xp e ri en C e .From the middle oforo f January until the firsttirlttilt ofo f April ,

1918.1918. the DivisionDivilion occupied what later came to be knownknow-

nthruout(77(1)1(7)7( ) PersonalPersonal-experience.Pers-onable

thruoutthroatth ruoutrubout the A.EF.AEFA.E.F.ABE. ,. . asa8 the "sectorsector"IeotorIeotorDieter" north oforo f Toul"ToulToulon" (7)7(7)-

From

7F-

rom(7)-

exp7e-xp(7)-

experience.7e-

xperience( )

experience.experienceexp erienee.erieneeserene.From May 19131918 to September 20th 1918 , the divisiondivision-

haddivisi-

onhad fought at CantignyCantigny.Canting,. in the great allied counter ofof-

fensive

of-ofof-

fensive

of-

fensive

¬-

fensivefestive ofo f July 18 , 1918 and at Saint MihielMichelMihiMish el , with honorhonor-

and

hono-

red(8)8( ) PersonalPersonal-experience.Pers-onable

and distinction.distinction., (8)8( ) Thus , the line and staffstarrstarry ofo f the DiviDiv-DivDivi-Divi-

sion

Div-experience.

Divi-experience.

! ¬-experience.experience .

sionlionscion were thoroughly seasonedlealonedslalomed and as a result ofot nevernever-

having

lever-

agingnever-

having

lever-

agingnever-

having

lever-

aginghaving been defeated , the'moralethemoraletemporal' of all ranksranklrankle waswalwail veryvery-

high.

over-

lying(9)9( 9)9) PersonalPersonalk-nowledge.Pers-onalP.P. r 80 n &1 high.high., (9)9(9)-knowledge.

9k-nowledge

(9)-knowledge

9k-nowledge

( )knowledge.knowledgeknowledg-

e.lOPersonal

know-

ledge

.,GENERAL SITUATION.SITUATIONSITUATION-

.The

Situati-on

.

The battle of the Meuse-ArgonneMeuseArgonneWeule-ArgQnneWeuleArgQnneMuseJargonedWelledAgnesMeuseMuse- ArgonneJargoned began on SeptemberSeptember-

26th

Septembe-

rlOPerSepte-

mberSeptembe-

r(10)Personal

Septembe-

r10PersonallOPersonal(10)Personal10Personalelopers( lOPersonalk-nowledge

lOPerlOPe) ona1 26th6t 1918 and made rapid progressprogrel until September 28th.(10)28th.1028th1028th.lO28thlO28th.(10)-

By

28th10B-y

28th.(10)k-nowledge

28th10k-nowledge

. ( )knowledgek nowlowl edge.edge*.,

By September 29th thethegreenthereon,

green divisionsdivision.division. in the front lineslines-met

lines-men

lines-met

lines-men

lines-met

lines-menmet the full brunt of violent enemy reactions.reactions. Due toto-

lack

Po-

llack

to-

1aok

to-

lack

Po-

llacklack1aok of training and disciplinediecipline.diecipline,. and poor leadership , itit-

was

vi-

tasit-

wal.nec..laryit-

was

vi-

taswaswal.nec..larywalneclaryalveolar. necessary. . to relieverilleverile fourtour front line divisionsdivil1onl , amongamonlammonalamong-

them

amo-ngst(11)1111)( ) HarperHarp e r ,. them the 35th3th, Division.DivisionD1v111on., (11)11(11)S-

PECIAL

11S-

PECIAL

(11)S-

PF.CIAL

11S-

PFCIAL

(11)-Vol

11-Vol

( )

vol.5Pvol5P'tol.Sp.tolSptollsVolViol' .5p.5p.5p. , .232-233.232233.232233.232.233.232233232233-

.(12)ltt

23223-

312ltt

-. . SPECIALSPF.CIALSPFCIALESPECIAL. SITUATION.SITUATIONSITUATION.-

When

Situat-ion

.,

When the Meuse-ArgonneMeuseArgonneMeule-ArgonneMeuleMouse-ArgonneMouseMuseJargonedMule- operationsoperation.operation. commencedcommenc.d.commencd. ,. the 1stlitlet1st-

Division

lit-

Divi.ion

tit-

ivationlet-

DivisionDivisionDivi.ionDiviion. waswalwail assigneda.elinedaelinedaligned. tott the III CorpsCorplCorp and placedplacid in ArmyArm1Arm-

yReserve.

Arm-

1R.I.rv.

Arm-

1RIrv

Arm-

yReserve

Ar-mrest(12)ltt12ltt(12)1It121It(1212( ) l st Div.DivDiv-

.HistDiv-

viesDiYDiv ., Reserve.ReserveR.I.rv.RIrvRI. . . ., (12)12( ) The division41v111on headquartersheadquarter.headquarter. waswAiwaif at Benoite-BenoiteBenoit-BenoitBenitoBenoite-

Vaux

Benzo-

ateBenoit-

Vaux

Seno-rita

Benoite-

Vaux

Benzo-

ate,-

HistHi.t.HitHeist. ,. p174.174114.114., VauxAux , southlouthlout ofot Souilly.SouillySouilll.SouilllSully., The unitsunit.unit. of the divisiond1v111on werewer-

eastride

dere-

stricted

wer-

eastride

dere-

stricted

wer-

eastride

dere-

strictedastride theihehe "VoieVoie"V01eV01eVoice" SacSacr.e"SacreSacres"SacresAcreAcresree"reefree. " withwitbwit the foottoot troopstroop.troop. generallygeneralllgenerallyt-

wo

generalll.t-

wo.

genera-

lly---.two.-.two.two- - - -two--two-. two-

The

toot-

hed

.two-

.(5)

tw-

o5

-. -. *-*

'.II.. . , " . , ... . . . . .4".44. " "

. . . , .

west of the road and the mounted unitsunite on the east.easteaat.eaateateast ., TheTh-

eunits

Te-

nnisThe-

unit.

He-

nbitTh-

eunits

Te-

nnisunitsunit.unit. had been purposelypurpo.elypurpoely. so80 placed aea8as the Army expectedexpected-

to

expecte-

dto useu.eue. the DivisionDivieion in extending the attack east of thethe-

Meuso.

th-emes

the-

Meuso.

th-emes

the-

(13)Peroonalthe-

13Peroonal3)Peroonal3Peroonal(13)Peroonal13Peroonal( 13! 3)Peroonalk-nowledge.

3Peroonalk-nowledge

) Per conalcoalconal-knowledge.

co-alhole

Meuso.MeusoMouso.MousoMenusMouse. (13)13( ) Roads to the east of the MouseMeuseMuse were recon-reconrecon-

noiteredrecon-

noltererecon-

noitered

recon-knowledge

reco-nnected

-knowledge.knowledgeknowledg-

e.(14)lit

knowled-

ge14lit

knowledge-

.(14)lat

knowled-

ge14lat

.,noiterednolteremiterednobler and conferences had with the commanders ofot thethe-

Frenchth-

ereinthe-

Frenchth-

ereinthe-

(14)1stth-

e141st(14)lit14lit(14)lat14lat(14)1st141st( ) Div.DivDiY.DiYDiv-.Hist

Div-vies

DiY-.Hist.

Div ., French CorpsCorp.Corp. and divisionsdivi.1onedivi1one. occupying this sector.sector., (14)14(14)-

About

14A-

bout(14)-

About

14A-

bout(14)-

Hist.14-Hist( )

HistHist.Heist,. p.p.174.174114.114., About 4.30430. P.M.PMp.W.pW. . on the afternoon.tternoontternoontenon. of September 2th27th? thethe-

Army

te-ary

the-

Army

te-ary

the-

Army

te-aryArmy orderedordere the Division by telephonetelephone. ,. to proceed byby-

jb-

y

by-

ingba-

yingb-

ymarchto _ingKingj n ,march-/tomarchtomarchitomarch-/tomarchto-/ bheheh vicinity of NixevilleNixev111e.Nixev111eMixable,. all unitsunite to be onon-

the

M-

onte

on-

the

M-

onte

on-

the

M-

ontethe march by 7 P.M.PM. . The DivisionDivieion complied with the oror-or-

der

or-

lSPerlonalor-

(15)Personalor-

15Personal¬-

( 5)Personal5PersonallSPerlonal(15)Personal15Personalsuperlunary! 5)Personal-experience

5Personal-experience

) derdeer (15)15( ) and afterattar a twelve hour march in a heavy rainrain.rainrain.-exp

Rac-ine

,.experienceexperience.exp e ri ence.encefence*.

foundtoundpound itself bivouacedb1vouacedbivouacked in woodswood.wood. made boggy by old FrenchFrench-

bivouacsFre-

nchFrench-

bivouacsFre-

nchFrench-

bivouacsFre-

nchbivouacs or horse lineslinellineal and often tangled by the wire ofof-

the

of-

ten

of-

the

of-

ten((1616I6)l6tI6l6t)latl st DiY.DiYDiY-.Hist

DiY-.Hilt.

Div ., the rear defenses.defenses. ((1616(16)}) September 29th the Division waswa-

sassigned

as-signed

wa-

sa.signed

as-

sassinwas-

Hiwas-

HHistHilt.HiltHeistHi st ,. p.pp .,175.175115.115175-

.(17)l

17-

517l

., assigneda.signedasigned. to the I CorpsCorp.Corp. and ordered to the vicinity ofotof-

Neuvilly.

co-

ngenially

ot-

Neuvilly.

no-

ntrivially

of-

Neuvilly.

co-

ngeniallyNeuvilly.NeuvillyNeville. Foot troopstroop.troop. were.ereere. carried in French camionscamionlcamion oror-

trucks

po-

tlucks

or-

trucks

po-

tlucks

or-

trucks

po-

tluckstrucks and the mounted unitsunite moved by marching.marching. AllAl-

lavailable

A-

lluvialAl-

lavailable

A-

lluvialAl-

lavailable

A-

lluvialavailable roads were being heavily useduled.uledruled,. but the movementmovement-

was

movem-

ent(17)l17l(1717( )1st1st) l.tlt.t Div.DivDiv-.Hist

Div-vies

Div-.Hiat.

. was accomplishedaccomplilbed without incident or interruption.interruption., (17)17(17)-

In

17I-

n(17)-

Hist17-

Hist( )

HistHiat.HiatHeistHat,. p.pp .,176.1761769176-

.l8)Personal

17-

6l8Personal

. In a way this movement was remarkable.remarkable. TelephonicTelephTelephone nicnice ordersorder.orderorders-

were

ord-ers

order.-

were

ord-er

orders-

were

ord-ers

.were received at 2 P.M.PMP.M. ., fromtromtromp the Army and the DivisionDivi.1onDivi1on. waswa-

stold

wa-

sted

wa-

stold

wa-

sted

..11. .-

1told

1-

toldtold that one camioncarrion train was..aa. thenthin on the way and thatthat-

the

thatc-

hed

that-

the

thatc-

hed

that-

the

thatc-

hed:the movementmovellent would start at fourtour P.M.PM. . It started.iartediartedaired. promptlypromptly-

on

prompt-

lyon timetimltim and wasW.IWI. smoothly.mootblymootblymotley. carried out only becausebecau.becaubeau.. of thethe-

close

he-

llosthe-

ol..eT-

heo(1818( l8)Personall8Personall8)Personalk-nowledge.

l8Personalk-nowledge

) PerlonalPersonalPerlonal-knowl.4Perlonal-knowl4

closeol..eole. . mutual supportlupport of line and staff.staffat.tt.attt. . (18)18(18)-

The

18T-

he(18)-

Tbe

18T-

be(18)-

knowledge18k-

nowledge( )

knowledge.knowledgeknowledg-

e.(19)ltt

knowled-

ge19ltt

knowl.4knowl4. ,. .,TheTbeTube I CorpsCorp.Corp. ordered the Division01.11ioD0111ioD. to relieve the'hehe' 35th5th35th-

Division

35th-

Division'5th-

Di.l.ioD5t-

hDilioDDivisionDi.l.ioDDilioDDiploid. . on theibegibe nightaiihiiii of September 30th on.nn. the eastealtdealt bankbaakbaabank-

of

ban-

kbaak-

o

Bamak-

o(19)ltt19ltt(19)1.t191.t191t((1919 ))1st1st. DiDiv.DivDiv.-Hi

Di-v ? ., ofo t thtib.ibthethat. AireAiresA1 re River.RiverR1.1R11. r.r., (19)19(19)T-

ERRAIN

19T-

ERRAIN

((19)-Hist

19-Hist

19 )HietHistHitHeistHi I'I' ,. p.pp .,176.17617'17' ., TERRAINTERRAINITERRAIN&TERRAIN-

ISquare11

TERRAIN-

&Squarely

TERRAI-

NSquarely

Terr-ains

!&

SquarelySquare11 in lintliD'liDline' with the advanceadyaao.adyaaocaddy. ofo f the,he DivisionDi.1lionDi1lionDivision-

wort

Di.1lio-n.er.

Di1lio-ner

Division-

were

Divis-ion

.wort.er.erwereworst. . series.ril'rilaril.. ' of hillshill.hill. with woodedwo04e4 crestsore.t.oretret. . andaD4 saoothsmoothsooth... .th.th. ,. glacisIlaoi.IlaoiglacialLaoglacis-

like

glass-

like

Ilaoi-

.like

Lace-

like

glacis-

like

glass-

like

.

like tlopos.1.p.1p.1pslopeslops. . . . , whichwhlohwho worower.werwerewoowear. fringodtriDse4fringed with patchesp.tob.ptobtomb. . . ofot brushbrUlh andaDdand-

three

ant-

hraxes

aDd-

il1r.

aDd-

il1r

and-

th

an-

d---three--three---il1r.--il1r.---thth- - - il1r-

.west

il1r-

west

three-

13

ree.moreemoredeem., -. --

p. ;-.

woods.woods., The moatmOltmost prominentprominemt of thesetheee hillshillI were.ereere. HillsHill.Hill.240 , 263 , 269 and 272.272212.212. The hillshill_ were cut by severalseveral-

transverseseve-

raltiesseveral-

transverseseve-

raltiesseveral-

transverseseve-

raltiestransverse ravines drained by small streamsstream.stream. flowingflowing-

intoflow-

ingflowing-

intoflow-

ingflowing-

intoflow-

inginto the Aire.AireAires. PartePartsParted of the sector were covered withwith-

heavy

witc-

herywith-

heavy

witc-

herywith-

heavy

witc-

heryheavy woods , the largest being fioisBoisfinis dedo MoutrebeauMontrebeauMountebank , LeL-

ePetitL-

eftistL-

ePetitL-

eftistL-

ePetitL-

eftist(20)20( ) LeggLeggy , p.p. Petit BoisBoi.BoiBoil. , BoisBoil de MoneyMoncyMoony and BoisBoieBoise de Romagne.RomagneRomagna.RomagnaRomanceRomania. (20)20(20)-

To

20T-

o( )

557.557551.5515570557-

.(2lThomas

55-

72lThomas

5570-

(21)Thomas

557-

021Thomas

.To the westweetwet and east of the sector werewel'lwell' otheroiherosier highhig-hhills

hig-htails

high-

hill.high-

ballhig-

hhillshig-

htailshillshill.hill. and heavy woods.woodswoodl.woodlwool. ThisThi.ThiThai. group ofo f wooded hillshill.hill. andand-

ravines

ma-

ndarins

and-

ravines

ma-

ndarins

and-

ravines

ma-

ndarinsravines formed a barrier three milesmil.emile. deep , north ofof-

Exermont.

c-

offeepotof-

Exermont.

c-

offeepotof-

Exermont.

c-

offeepot(2lThomas2lThomas(21)Thomas21Thomas( 21 ) Thomas.ThomasThomas.-pThoma-s

,. Exermont.ExermontExperiment. (21)21( ) The position dominated the AireAires valleyvalley-

andvall-

eyP.Pp . 2929.29,.and the terrain to the easteaeteat and westweltwest.,. It has beenbeen-

calledben-

dablebeen-

calledben-

dablebeen-

calledben-

dable(2222( (22)ThomaB22ThomaB22)Thomas.22Thomas.22Thomas22)Thomas.-p.

22Thomas-p

) Thomas ,. called the key positionpOlitionspoliation of the MeueeMeuseMeleeMuse ArgonneJargoned (22)22( ) andand-

General

ga-

ngreneand-

General

ga-

ngreneand-

General

ga-

ngreneP.Pp ., 29.2929-

.(23)Pershing

2-

923Pershing

.General PerehingPershingPerchingPerishing saidlaid ofot it : "ThatThat" positionsposition.position. in1n thisthilthinlythis-

areatia-

rathil-

areatia-

rathis-

areatia-

raarea were of vital importance to the continuation ofotof-

the

of-

ten

ot-

the

ot-

her

of-

the

of-

ten(23)Pershing23Pershing( 23 ) PerehingPershingreignPerishing , the general advance"advance" ., (23)23(23)-

In

23I-

n( )

P.P. 19.1919-

.(24)Palmor

1-

924Palmor

19-

.(24)Palmer

1-

924Palmer

.In addition to the natural obstacles the GermansGermans-

had

Germa-

nsGermans-

had

Germa-

nsGermans-

had

Germa-

nshad most skillfullyskill fully organized the ground.ground. FveryEveryVery openopen-

space

op-ens

open-

space

op-ens

open-

space

op-ensspace wasW&SWS& coveredoovered by bands of interlockinginterlooking machine gungu-

nfire

gu-

nfire

gu-

nfire(24)Palmor24Palmor(24)Palmer24Palmer(2424( ) PalnalrPalmary , fire , surportedsupported by artillery concentrations.concentrations. (24)24(24)-

MISSION.

24M-

ISSION

(24)-

MISSION.

24M-

ISSION

(24)-

MISSION

24M-

ISSION

( )

P.272.P272.P272p.212.p212.p212p9272.p9272P.272.-ThomasP272T-homasp.212.-Thomap212T-homap9272.-Thomasp9272-Thomas

. .ThomasThomaTahoma_ ,. MISSION.MISSIONMISSION-

.The

Missi-on

s.s-

The

T-

heP.P. 292.292292.-Gen

292-Gen

292.-Gen.

292-Gen

292.-Gen.

292-Gen

.GenGen.Gen,. Sum-SumSu-mnerall.

Su-mner

Sum-

neSum-

nerSum-

noSu-

mo- The missionmi'lionmilionmillion' of the DivisionDiv11ion was to drive straightstraight-

ahead

straight-

enedstraight-

ahead

straight-

enedstraight-

ahead

straight-

enednerall.nerallneuralnerall-.(25)lt

nera-ll25lt

neno rall.rallrallyrall.-(25)1st

rall-251st

.(25)lt25lt(25)1st251st(22( ; )l.tlt§. DiDiY.DiYDiv.DivDiY-

.Hi.t.Div-

.Hist.* . ahead in itsit.it. sonelODezonescone of action to itsit.it. objective.objectiveobJectivl.obJectivlobjectively. (25)25(22( ; ) TheThe-

Army

Te-

aryThe-

Army

Te-

aryThe-

Army

Te-

aryHiit.HiitHi.t.HitHist.HistHeist. . p429.42942-

9.(26)Ptrahing

42-

926Ptrahing

42-

9.(26)Pershing

42-

926Pershing

. Army desired4..irld4.irld4irld. . to neutraliieneutrali.1neutrali1neutralizeneutralities. thetbltb flanking firetire from thethe-

Argonne

he-

roinethe-

Argonne

he-

roinethe-

Argonne

he-

roineArgonneJargoned and to expel thethlhl enemyenem1 fremfromrem thetbetube territorytlrritery eastea.teateast-

of

ea-st

ea.t-

of

meatl-

oaf

east-

of

ea-st

.of Fleville.Fleville1lev1l1e.1lev1l1eFlovilleFlexileFoible., ThisThi.ThiThai. territorytlrr1tor1 was.alal. nsedsdn.edld.nedldneededneedsneedled. . to launch aa-

counter

c-

ountera-

counter

c-

ountera-

counter

c-

ountercounter attack northwestDorth..tDorthtDoth.. . thru CornayCorna1Corny and Chatel-CheheryChatelCheheryChatel-Chlher1Chlher1ChattelCheeryChatelChattel -CheheryCheery ,

thusthu.thuthou. outflankingeuttlaDk1DI the ArgonneArSlnneJargonedArlene Forest.Forestlorl.t.lorltForestsLoral. . ItI t was.a.a. . soI'I' imporimp.-imp.impor-importimpimpo-

rtant

imp-

.tant

imp-

ortant

impo-

rtant

. ,¬-

tanttaint fromtrim the Army viewpointYie.pointYiepoint. that the 1stl.tltlot. DivisionDivi.i.nDiviinDivine. . waswa.wawas-

oaployod

wa-

.empll114

wa-

empll114

was-

employed

as-sembly

.oaployodempll114employedapply inift thisthi.thithin. sector.Iot.rIotrRioter. . in spits.p1tlp1tlspite. of.ff. thsthlthethishl complicatedclmp11oate4 roadr.a4ra4road-

movement

r.a4-

moyemlnt

ra4-

moyemlnt

road-

movement

.(26)Ptrahing26Ptrahing26)Pr.hinl26Pr.hinl26Prhinl(26)Pershing26Pershing(26)Ptrahing-

A26Ptrahing-

A

(26)Pershing-d

26Pershing-d

( ) , . movementmoyemlntmyelin neoes.saryneoessarynlol..arynlolarynecessarynotary... to getie'ie' the DivisionDivil10D intointi position.(26)position.26position26p..1tien.(26)p1tien.26p1tien26position.(26-

)tti'our

position26-

ttiour

p..1tien.(26)-

tHfo'

p1tien26t-

Hfo

position. . ., (2626( )

Ad. LiggottLiISI"tLiISItLiggettLeggettList" ,p.54p54p,54., andaDd.aDdand-P.

aDd.-

p.

an-d

ad-d

.

P.P. 56.56.

tti'our-tti'ourttiourtiertti'our(-

20)

ttiour-

20

tHfo'tHfothoufour--four' '" 1'--1'11-

'(20)

1-

20

'-- .- -

. . - . . - . . . _ - " . . ... . . .. . _ . . . . '. . ''- '-'''--.. . .. ' "

OPERATIONS.OPERATIONSOPERATION-

S.September

Opera-tions

OPERATION-

S.September

Opera-tions

OPERATION-

S.September

Opera-tions

.

September 30-October30October30-0ctober0ctober30.October30October-. 33.33-

.The

3-

The

*.

The I Corps ordered the let1.t1t1st. DivisionDivieion to relieverelievlrelieve-

therelievl-

thebeliev-

eththe 35th DivisionDivi.ionDiviion. on the night of September 30th , thethe-

reliefeth-

erealthe-

relieteth-

ereality

the-

reliefeth-

ereal(27)lst27lst(27)1.t271.t271t(2727( )1st1st) . Div.DivDiv-.Hist.

Div-.Hi.t.

Div ., reliefrelietrelit to be completed by 5 A.M.AM. . October 1st.1stl.t.lt1.t.1t.1t. . (27)27( ) TheThe-

Corps

He-

ctorsThe-

Corp.

He-

ctorThe-

Corps

He-

ctorsHist.HistHi.t.HitHeist. ., p.p.176.176176-

.(28)Personal

17-

628Personal

. CorpsCorp.Corp. order further specifiedapacifiedpacified that the Commanding General ,

1stlatlet DivisionD1viaionDivis.ion. would have full charge of the relief.relief. ThisThiaThaiThis-

was

Th-is

Thia-

waa

Th-aw

This-

was

Th-iswaswaaWada contrarycontrar1 to the usualuaua1 customcu.tomcutom. , asal the unit to be rere-

lievedre-rere-

lie.edre-

lieved

re-

lieved

¬-

lievedlie.edlieedleavedlied. generally had charge ofoto f the detailsdetall.detalldentally. ofo f the relief.relief.(28)Personal28Personal(28)Personalk-

nowledge.28Personalk-

nowledge(2828( ) perspeersPereonalPersonalPereonal-

knowlPerso-nalonaltonal (28)28( 28 )knowledge.knowledgeknowledge-

.(29)let

knowled-

ge29let

kn..lnlknowlknow.. edge.edge.The 35th DivisionDlvi.lonDlvilonAdvil. waswalwail badly disorganizeddilorgani.eddilorganied. from itsit.itits-

division

dis-

illusionit.-

divilion

its(-

29)1st

its-

291st

.divisiondivilion headquartersheadquarterlheadquarter forward.forward. A few patrolspatrol.patrol. ofo f the 35th35th-

Division

35th-

Division

35th-

DivisionDivision had advanced asa8 fartar asaa ExermontExperiment but had beenbeen-

drivenbe-

nderbeen-

drivenbe-

nderbeen-

drivenbe-

nder(29)let29let(29)1st291st(2929( ) lat Div.DivDiv-.Hist.

Div-.Hi.t.

Div-.Hist

Div-vies

. driven backback.back,. (29)29( ) 35th DivisionalDivi.ionalDiviional. Headquarters waswalwail inf n aa-

bad

a-

bed

a-

bad

a-

bed

a-

bad

a-

bedHist.HistHi.t.HitHeist. ., p.p.190.190190-

.(30)Lt.

19-

030Lt

190-

.(30)Lt.

19-

030Lt

. bad state.state. When the battle echelonechelechelon ann ofo f 1stlItlet DivisionDivi.ionDiviion. headhead.head-head-

quartershead-

.quarter.

head-

quarterhead-

quarters¬.-

quartersquarter.quarter. arrived at CheppyChoppy totoiak.toiakUtopiatake. overo.eroerBoer. , both the DivisionDi.i.ionDiiionDivisionC-

ommanderDiv-

isionDi.i.ionC-

.mmander

Division-C

Divisio-n

. .CommanderC.mmanderCmmanderC emmanemma. de r (35th35th( ) and hishi.hi. Chief ofo f StaffStatfStat were.er.er. . at the frontfront-

tryingfritt-

eringfront-

tryingfritt-

eringfront-

tryingfritt-

eringtrying to rally their men.men. The AssistantAaaietantAwait ChiefOhief of StaffStatfStatStaff-

G3i

Statf-

G3

Staff-

G3G-3iG3iG-33- , did not know definitelydefinite11 where.herehere. the frontfr.ntfrnt. linel1ne was.a.a. . oror-

where

no-

where

or-

.here

nor-

therner

or-

where

no-

wherewhere.herehere. hishi.hi. regimental command postspo.t.pot. . wert.wertwer.werwere.werewetwear. . The only definitedefinitei-

nformationdefi-

nitiondefinitei-

nfermationdefi-

nitiondefinitei-

nformationdefi-

nitioninformationinfermation that hebe had ofoto f hishi.hi. combat troopstroop.troop. waswalwail the lolo-

cation10-10lo-lo10-

oation

lo-

cation

-¬-cationoationcaptionoration ofot thethlhl divisionald1vi.1onald1vi1onal. artillery brigade and regimentregiment-

of

regiment-

ot

regimen-

to

regime-nt(30)Lt.30Lt.30Lt(3030( )Lt.Lt. Col.ColCoolCol-

.Gallegher.Col-

.Gallesher.Co-

ngoleseC el . ofoto f engineersengine.r.enginerengineer. . whichwhiobwho was.. . holding part ofot the line.line. (30)30(30)-

To

30-To

( )

Gallegher.GallegherGallesher.GallesherGallagherGallegher-

.(31)1st

Galleghe-

r311st

.To add to the disorganisationdilorganilation.dilorganilationdisorganization,. the enemy hadhad-

launched

ad-

vancedhad-

launched

ad-

vancedhad-

launched

ad-

vancedlaunched powerfulpo.erfulpoerful. counteroounter attacksattack.attack. in the prtceedingprlce.diDSprlcediDSproceedingsplendidprtceeding-

forty

proceed-ing

prlce.diDS-

tortyproceeding-

forty

proceed-ing

.fortytortytory eightiShdish hours.hourshour.hour. ., The CorpsO.rplOrplCorp. had been foroedforced to roen-roenreen-reenRosenGreenroen-

foroe

rein-

force

reen-

toroe

reen-

tered

reen-

force

rein-

force

-

foroetoroeforceforetore the 35th DivisionDiv1.1DDiv11D. , bybr a regimentresi..ntresintresin. . of the 82nd82a4 DivDiv.Div-Div-

ision.

Div-

ision

Div-

.i.ioa.

Div-

isional

Div-

ision.

Div-

ision

¬.-(31)1311(31)1.311.(31)1st311st( ) .*" Div.Div1)iy.1iy.1iyDiv-

.Hist.1)iy-

.Hi.t.1iy-

HitDi-

v.listLiv-

eliest) . ision.isioni.ioa.iioavisioniota. . (31)31(31)-

The

31T-

he(31)-

The

31T-

he(31)-

The

31T-

he( )

Hist.HistHi.t.HitlistHeist. ., p.pp-

.i76.p-

i76.

176.176116.116i76.i76. The originalIris1nal intention efIfof the highbilAbile commandoo.man4ooman4. was.a.a. . toto-

have

M-

ohave

to-

havi

T-

haito-

have

M-

ohavehavehavihaving thetbltb 1st1.t1t. DivisionDivi.1lnDivi1ln. passpa.pa. . thru the 35th35tb DivisionD1yi.ioDD1yiioD. andan4and-

attack

san-

darac

an4-

attaok

and-

attack

san-

daracattackattaok onIn thehe morning.miDImiDI.. efIte f OotoberOctoberOo ob.robrorb. 1st.1stl.t.lt. . ThisThi.ThiThai. was.a.a. . changedobaftSldbatschanged-

and

obaftSld-

aDd

chang-

edandaDd thtthlthethathl 1stlit DivisionDiv1.10nDiv110n. was.a.a. . ordtredordlrldorderedcoddler tetlto relieverelilverelive thetbetube 35th35th-

Division.

35th-

Division

35th-

Division,! (32)Personal32Personal(32)Personalk-newlsdgt.

32Personalk-newlsdgt

(3232((,3232,) PersonalPersonalk-nsWladge.Pers-onal" " ' 11&1111& Division.DivisionDiy! 111.111. ., (32)32(32)-

l32-

l(32)A-

.32-

A

( ) .- .- -.five--.fivet1.I--t1.IfiT.--fiT.fivefiT- . .five-

ww

t1.I-

1f

t1I-

1f

fiv-

efiT.-

MsPd

.. - -. *-i.il knewlsdgt.knewlsdgtknsWladge.knsWladgeknellsknowledgek.lwleklwlekilledknsWladge.mS-

A

knowledg-

e. ell'ellell'"-

WWI

ellW-

WI

e-ll

' .. ... . -_- . .- -- - . . - . . . - - - --_ . .. - . - - ---. . .---- -----

ww'[-"WW/I"WWWWImSA-mesa"" mejE'mejEmeekYWlir11w,/ ; '! >' ni'I'I'II' '! ' " tryc'-c'c' ;- , . it<'. .w.w.. .v.v....... , ", . . . , . -- _..,.. . .. . . . . ,, ,

,, ., . . . .... . . ., . ... . .. . . .

. ....... . .. ...A.A* ! rxwjiv/.C.C/ 1f\1f*\"""' +''*" 4imt)( -. .a.a . 4N * I IM yRKWYork* "-:: Ms-PdMsPd-fe- .-UP.."". #MWlMltttffNVItlf'IftJl/flJi4'lVt'lfItlf'IftJlItlfIftJlflJi4'lVt'lfflJi4lVtlfMIf14Y4RYA1Sf'MIf14Y4RYA1Sf' / ' ' NM.NM' :. ....._. . . . ' . .

.

. .ii. '* >"s""w.wWH*... :. f JIi.JIiIi* UM...... .u.J.uJ< '. : . . .. . .,.

. ;. ' . ' " . , :

.. . :.

:, .

:::

.

;

n .

?!J/litilitiJlitilitJollities3/*fe?, %,\'.

'

'..

..

.

i ,,"'\

The reported line efotof the 35th DivisionDivilion ran fromtromtrompfrom-

Baulnyfo-

rmaltrom-

Baulnytri-

balfro-

m(33)ist

fro-m33ist(33)lst33lst(33)1It331It(33)ist33ist( ) Div.DivD1v.D1vDiv.-

H10t.Div-

H10tD1v-

.Hi.t.D1-

vHit. BaulnyBalmy to EchsfontaineEchltontaineChevrotainChloramines over a& Tourlour kilometer front.front., (33)33(33)-

South

33S-

outh(33)-

South

33S-

outh(33)-

Mist 33-Mist( )

H10t.H10tHi.t.HitMist. ., p.p.176.176116.116176-

.(34)lst

17-

634lst

116-

.(34)1It

11-

6341It

. South ofot thisthiethief line ravinegravine.ravineravinesraving. cut acrossacrOI.acrOIacrid. the sector.sectorlector.lector. TheThe-

moet

He-

metThe-

moet

He-

metThe-

most

The-

rmosmoetmost northern one extended fromtromtromp BaulnyBalmy to the Apremont-ApremontApremont.Aprenont-AprenontPremonitionPregnantApremon-

tSpinonville

Apremon-

t.Epinonville

Aprenon-

tEpinonville

; -.SpinonvilleEpinonvilleSimonize road and included part ofot the reported 35th35th-

Division

35th-

Divi.ion35t-

hDiviion

35th-

DivisionDivisionDivi.ionDiviion. front line.line. About a kilometer south80uth ofot thisthi.thithin. , aa-

second

s-

econd

a-

eecond

A-

leca-

second

s-

econdsecondeecond ravine ran from CharpharpCharpentryCarpentryC entryentKent ry to Echefontaine.EchefontaineEchetontaine.EchetontaineEchsfontaine.EchsfontaineChevrotainEchetontaine-

.kilometer

. AA-

kilometer

K-

ilometer

A-

kilometer

K-

ilometerkilometer and a halfhalt south ofoto f thisihilhail ravine there waswa.wa. aa-

thirdt-

hirda-

thirdt-

hirda-

thirdt-

hirdthird one which ran by Very to Epinonville.EpinonvilleEpinonv11le.Epinonv11le., BetweenBet.eenBeteen. thethe-

ravines

he-

aviness

the-

ravine.

te-rrain(34)lst34lst(34)1It341It(3434( )1st1st) Div.DivD1v.D1vDiv-

.HistDiv-

viesD1v-

.Hilt.D1-

vHiltDiv ., ravinesravine.ravine. were open plateau.plateau. (34)34(34)-

The

34T-

he(34)-

The

34T-

he(34)-

Mist34-

Mist( )

HistHilt.HiltMistHeist,. p.pp .,177.177111.11117-

7.(35)lt

17-

735lt

111-

.(35)1.t

11-

1351t

. The DivisionDivieion CommanderC..manderCmander.. in his order fortortore the reliefrelietrelitrelief-placed

rel-ief

reliet-placed

recep-

taclerelief-

placedrel-

iefplaced hishiehide four infantryintantry regimentsregiment.regiment. in line from right toto-

leftto-

iletto-

lettto-

ilette

to-

leftto-

iletleftlettlet , 26th,28th26th28th26th , 28th , l8th18th and l6th16th Infantry.Infantry., Each regimentregimeDtregiment-

was

regimeDt-

was

regimen-

tals

regimen-

t(35)1st

regime-nt351st(35)lt35lt(35)1.t351.t351t(35)1st351st( ) §. Diw.DiwDowDiw-

.HistD1Die ., was in column of battalions.battalionsbattaliona.battalionabattalion., (35)35( ) The Division CommanderCommand-

erfurther

Comma-ndeer

Command-

erfurther

Comma-ndeer

Commande-rMist

Comman-derHistHilt.HiltMistHeist,. p.p.428.42842-

8.(36)lst

42-

836lst

42-

8.(36)1.t

42-

8361t

428 ., further prescribedprelcribed that the leading battalionsbattalionlbattalion with theirtheir-

head

ther-eat

their-

head

ther-eat

their-

head

ther-eathead on the Charpentry-EchsfontaineCharpentryEchsfontaineCharpentry-EchetontaineEchetontaineCarpentryChevrotain- road at midnightmidnight-

wouldmidn-

ightmidnight-

wouldmidn-

ightmidnight-

wouldmidn-

ightwould advanoeadvance to the line L'Esperanco-ChaudronL'EsperancoLEsperancoChaudronL'Eeperancl-ChaudronL'EeperanclLEeperanclL'Esperance-ChaudronL'EsperanceLEsperanceEsperantoCauldronSleeper' - Fme-FmeFme.-Fme.FameFm-

eSerieux

Me-

smerize

Fm-

e.Serieux

Me-

smerize

Fm-

eSerieux

Me-

smerize

,. -

SerieuxSherrie Fme.-BoleauxFme.Boleaux'lIe.-Boleaux'lIe.lIeFme-BoleauxFmeFameBordeaux' ., - BoisB.1.B1.B1BeisBemis. . not later than 3 A.M.AMA.M. ., and digdildialdig-

in.

digg-

ing

dili-

n.diali-

ng

dig-

(36)1stdi-

g361st(36)lst36lst(36)1.t361.t361t(36)1st361st( ) . Div.DivDiv-.Hilt.

Div ., in.inin ., (36)36( ) The resultrelult waswa.wa. to place the leading battalionsbattalionlbattalionbattalions-along

battali-ons

battalionl-along

battal-ion

battalions-Hist

battali-onsHilt.HiltHi.t.HitHistHeist. ., p.p.428.428428 ., along the northernDorthern ravine , the support.upportupport. battalionsbatta110ns in thethe-

second

th-ereon

the.-

eeond

the-

reonthe-

second

th-ereonsecond.eeondeeondeon. ravine and the reservere.ervIreervIreserving. battalionsbattalioDbattalion in the Very rara-

vine.

ra-

vine

ra-rara'-

ine.

ra-

ine

ra-

ined

ra-

vine

¬-

vine.vine'ine.inecine!' .,

From NeuvillyHeuYillyNevilleHeavily , where the DivisionDiv11ion waswalwail , there waswalwail onlyonly-

one

nyl-

ononly-

one

nyl-

ononly-

one

nyl-

onone road forward and it was the axial road ofot the I CorpsCorp.Corp. ,

the Neuvilly-VarennesNeuvillyVarennesNeuvilly.Yarenne.NeuvillyYarenneNevilleArdennes-. . road.road., ThisThi8 road crossederolledenrolled the linesline.linelines-

and

lines-man

line.-

and

line-

man

lines-

and

lines-man

.and no mans1man"man" land ofot trenchtren.ch. warfare daysday.day. and waswalwail in badbad-

shape.

ba-

ldish

bad.-

hape.

bad-

shape

ba-

ldishshape.shape.hape.hape. ., BeyondB.yondByondYond. noDO mans'mansaaD.aaDaD. ' land the enemy had exploded aa-

mint

m-

inta-

mine

a-

minemintmine in thttbethethattube oentsroenterventerentryenter ofot the road at leastlea.tleatbleat. forty feett.ettetstet. deep ,

a plank oneon.on. way..77. road had been built by thethlhl engineersengineer.engineer. a-aa.a-

aqpuatt

a-

quaa-

a

-.aqpuattaquaa sndsand.. thisihilhail crater.cratercrater.-

K

crater.-

i

crate-

r

.,

i

I

! . -. . six--six.ix-.ixsixH-

LyS

sixt-

hly

. .ixII-

h.

- -. '.III

I

II

l

IlI

.".>. .

K...*..l.---.l.. >* *.MMMUftMMr-wOrMMwOrM--w*" jrftr"AWjrftrAWR4r'M"IR4rMIraftertll.tlltall*..'.*.."".."' W_*''MM.' .. KY.YY. y.y.M*... Y* . '. .II<." i<. V/VVl-

ik

Li-

ck \l/-lMi'rR.1rMirR.1rMirR1r\ / .' ........-.. ._... . ? > _ . . . .... .. .. ,..,.. ,,...

. . . . .__. . . . . .

. . .. _ .' __' * - . .. . . . .. , . .liklick - v. . _ . *-- - _ .

{HLySHoly- __* !*fYI***!! > "*' '' '* "" I'I.II' > i IIh.IIh1/A1AII*! /fnwnwOYA.i.11.'L/P'OYAi11.LPOYA.i.11.'LOYAi11LP'P'%. M .' * </r-rrHrRohr-' JR"/l11.1wY1.r1Nl111wY1.r1Nl11.1wY1.r1Nl111wY1r1NJRl11.1wY1.r1NJRl111wY1r1NHrlWr..y.lWryWry(/l11.1wY1.r1N1MMl111wY1r1N1MM* *v.v <.M mHiMftwsmints/1MM1MM_/ 6 A MM Y Lr w.awa w_ .' iMr1t'IM.iMr1tIM.iMr1tIM:,*. . Vh.Vh"'.

. .. .fto.ftoto. w., t'WJt1tWJt1t'WJt-

1.fcfiKL

tWJt-

1fcfiKL

..' .ii,,.

:;;.,; -_- , ...

."

. . . ; . . .. . . .

. ., .

" " '.

"

. -.

,

'

I'I, ':00:> n _

.iJlliJllill.. . ".fcfiKLfcfiKLaffil. '\...

.A.A.". :

"

.:")*' _

:. . ,

"

I, _

ii-

From

F-

rom

'FF'-

FFrom

F-

From

F-

rom

'

From NeuvillyNeville to VarenneeVarennelVarennesArleneArdennes the road waewaswade_ .11. a eolidlolidsolidelide massmal.malmass-

ofmas-

sif

mal-

.of

alo-

ofmass-

o

mas-

s

.ofo f stalledItalledTallied vehiclesvehicle.vehicle. ofot all kinde.kindekind.kindkindskinder. ., The letlIt DivisionDivi.ionDiviion. , lesslellloselollless-the

Est-her

lellt-

heleat-

herlose-

theclose-

tedthe 5th FieldFielFideld ArtilleryArtillAril eryvery andan d trainsrainlrail1, , passedpal.epale. d thruth ru thiethilthisthiefthinly messDIel.DIelDiehlmess-

by

mes-sy

DIe-

l.(31)Per8onalDI-

el31Per8onalmess-

by

mes-sy

.(37)Personal37Personal(31)Per8onal31Per8onal(37)Personalk-

nowledge37Personalk-

nowledge(33( ? )

PersonalknowledgePersonalPersonal by marching crosscrOl8 country.country. (37)37( ) MachineIaachineNiacin GunsGunlGun were carcar-car-

riedcar-

kcar-

ried¬-

knowledge,k nowlowl edge.edge,.(38)let38let(38)11138111( ) , DiT.DiTDiv.DivDietDiT-

.Hiet.Itc-

hiestDiv ., riedreid by hand for more than eixteenlixieensixteenliken kilometers.kilometerskilometer.kilometer. ., (38)38)8)8( ) ) ByBy-

dark

B-oyar

By-

dark

B-oyarHiet.HietHilt.HiltHistHitHeist., p.p.

177.177111.111177-.Captain177-Captain177-.Captain177-Captain

. dark the leading elementelementlelementselemental! of the division were cloeec10leclosecleome toto-

Cheppy.

tr-

ocheto-

Captainto-ccata to-

Cheppy

tr-

ocheCaptainCaptain-Helseley.Capta-inciesCaptain-Helleley.Cap-tainCaptain-HelaeleyCap-tainHelseley.HelseleyHelleley.HelleleyHelaeleyHeleneWellesleyElatedly., Cheppy.CheppyChappy.ChappyChoppyHappy.,

The Infantry relief waswa.wa. carried out without incidentincident-and

incide-ntand the 35th DivisionDivilion , leesles8 iteitlitsbiteil artilleryartilliry brigade and sanlan-lansan-san-

itarylan-

itarysan-

itarysan-

itary¬-

itarytarry trainirainrain , were withdrawn and assembleda..ambledaambledatisemblambledautism. . e d in the vicinityvicinity-of

vicinit-y

vicinityo-

fCheppy.vici-nity(3939( ) PereonalPerlonalPersonalPereonalk-

nowledge.Perlonal-kPersona-lPersonalk-nowledge.Pers-onal ofCheppy.CheppyofCheppy.ofCheppyChoppysoftcopy ., (39)39(39)-

The

39T-

he(39)-

The

39T-

he(39)-

The

39T-

he( )

knowledge.knowledgeknowledge-

.(40)Legge

knowledg-

e40Legge

kknowledge-

.(40)Legge

knowledg-

e40Legge

nowlowl e4g.e4g. .The night waeW.IWIwaswade. very dark and infantry battalionebattalionbattalionsbattalione-

marchedbatta-

lionbattalions-

marchedbattal-

ionsII-

marched

M-

archedmarched on narrow frontetrontlfrontsfrontedtrot with companies in column of twoetwotwoswoetwoe-

and

to-ad

twos-

and

thous-

and

II-

and

V-

iand(40)Legge40Legge( ) , and without distancedi tancestance between platoone.platooneplatoonl.platoonlplatoonsplatoon., (40)40(40)-

The

40T-

he(40)-

The

40T-

he(40)-

The

40T-

he( )

P.558.P558.P558p.558-

.(41)l

p55-

841l

. .The letlit1st Field Artillery Brigade waewalwaswadewail unable to getget-

further

get-

further

get-

furtherfurther than CheppyChoppy on the night of September 30h30th}$ , but onon-

the

M-

onte

on-

the

M-

onte

on-

the

M-

ontethe nightniShtknish October 1-212- , the Brigade got into poeition.poeitionpOlition.pOlitionposition.positionspoliation. TheThe-

6th

The-

6th

The-

6th6th FieldFi,8ldFi8ld, Artillery in supportlupport of the letlit Brigade , tooktook-

up

look-

up

took-

up

look-

up

took-

up

look-

upup a well chosencholencolleen poeitionpOlitionpositionspoliation eaetlalteasteatlat of CChCharpentryCarpentryharprplntrypaltryen try , where it waewalwaswadewailwa-

edefiladed

wa-

ld.filadld

wa-

sdefiladed

w-astefuldefiladedd.filadlddfiladld. fromtromtromp view to the north and to the weet.weetwelt.weltwestwet., The 7th7th-

Field7th-

Field7th-

FieldField Artillery , supportingIupportins the 2nd Brigade , occupied aa-

poeition

a-

pposition

a-

pOlition

a-

bolition

a-

positiona-

ppositionpoeitionpOlitionpositionspoliation southwestlouth.e.tlouthetclothe. . of Eohefontaine.EohefontaineEchltontaine.EchltontaineEchefontaineChloraminesChevrotain., The howitzer'bowitlerbowitler'howitzerboiler' regimentresilllntregiment-

the

regime-

nt0,

the 5th Field ArtilleryArtill.ryArtillry. , under cover of the ravinesravine.ravine. , hadha-

dite

hal-

iteha-

ditlh-

ailha-

dits

ha-

bitsiteitlitsbiteil 2nd Battalion nearDial'Dial' CharpentryCarpentry and the letlit1st and 3rd bat-batbat-

talionsbat-

talB-

ata

bat-

talions

-

(41)1411(41)l41l( 41 )lltlilttist DiT.DiTDietDiT-.Hist.

Itc-hiest

DiDivv ., talionstalonstaltail i on IDeIdesneara r Very.Very., (41)41(41)-

Division41-

Division

(41)-

DiYiliOD

41D-

iYiliOD

(41)-

Division41-

Division

( )

Hist.HistHilt.HiltHeist. p.p.181.18118-

1.(42)lit

18-

142lit

181-

.(42)1It

18-

1421It

. DivisionDiYiliODDiploid headquartersheadquarterlheadquarter wae.alalwaswade. located in German dugoutsdugoutdugouts-

atdugou-

tsII-

at

F-

iatat ChtppyCh'PPJiChPPJiCheppyChoppyChapping' ; the letl.tlt1st. Brigade headquartersheadquarter.headquarter. at CharpentryCharpentr7CarpentryCharpentry-

and

Charpentr7-

and

Carpent-ryand the 2nd at Very.VeryVer7.Ver7., Two field hoepitalehOlpitallhospitalshospitablehospital were placed atat-

Cheppy.

ha-

tchery

at-

Cheppy.

ha-

tchery

at-

Cheppy.

ha-

tchery(42)lit42lit(42)1It421It(4242( )1st1st) Dir.DirDiY.DiYDir-.Hist.p.

DiY-.Hilt.p.

Div ., Cheppy.CheppyChoppy. (42)42( ) The letlot EngineersEngineerlEngineer , who had been on detacheddetached-

ervioe

detac-hed

detached-

servicedeta-

chedHist.p.HistpHilt.p.HiltpHeistHiltHist.p.-181.andHistp-181and

. .181.and181and181.and-p.

181and-p181 ., andand-P.

and-p

an-d

ervioe.rvioervioeserviceErievie.. with the III CorpeCorp.CorpCorpsCope. , rejoined the divieiondiv1.10ndiv110ndivision. on thethe-

night

he-

ightthe-

nisht

th-

eistthe-

night

he-

ightp.pp ., 426.426426-

.personal42-

6personal42-

6.'erlonal42-

6erlonal.,

personal'erlonalerlonalGeronapersonalk-nowledge.pers-onal'erlonalI-EerlonalI-Epersonaliz-epersonal-knowledgepers-onal' nightnishtknish of October 2nd afteratterLatter an exhauitingIxhault1ngexhausting marchmarohmacro and werwerewearwer-

placed

wo-

rkplace

were-

placed

wor-

kplace

were-

placed

wor-

kplaceknowledge.knowledgenowledse.nowledseknowledg-

e.(43)litknowled-

ge43litIE nowledse-

.(43)1Itnowleds-

e431It.,,

(43)lit43lit(43)1It431It(43)lot43lot( ) DiT.DiTDiY.DiYDietDiT-.Hiet.

Itc-hiest

DiY.-H

DI-Y

Div ., placed in diTieiondiYi810Ddivisiondietician reserverele"ereleerelieve" eouthwest.outhweltouthweltsouthwest. of Very.VeryVerr.VerrErr., (43)43( )

Hiet.HietHistHitHeistH lt.lt., p.p.427.427421.421., .---seven--seven- - - seven'-

F

seven-

F

I..a.-

J

seve-

n

I..a.-I..a.seven-seven.. . -. -.- . - . , J

L f;f-

The

T-

he

'.

The let1stlot Machine Gun Battalion was held in divisiondivision-reserve

divi-sion

division-r08

division-roscrve

divi-sionreserveroscrver08 rverave southeastsouthea.tsoutheat. of VarennesArdennes , on the Varennes-AvocourtVarennesAvocourtVarenne.-AvocourtVarenne.Varennes.AvocourtVarennesAvocourtArdennesHavocArleneVarennesAvocourtr-oad.

Varenne.Avocourtr-oad.

Varennes.Avocour-t(44)let

VarennesAvocou-rt44let

.-.,(44)let44let(44)1It441It( ) Div.DivDiv.-

Hiflt.Div-

.Hilt.. road.roadroad ., (44)44(44)-

The

44T-

he(44)-

The

44T-

he(44)-

Hist.44-

Hist( )

Hiflt.HifltHilt.HiltHist.HistHeist. p.p.427427.,. The brigade machine gun&unun& battalionbattalionsI! had been pracprac-pacprac-

ticallyprac-

tica.llyprac-

ticallyprac-

tically¬-

ticallytica.llytidally. broken upu in the spring ofo f 1918 ende.ndand. the compacompa-ompa-ompacomaCompaqcomp-

anies

comp-

anillcamp-

anile

c omp-

anies

comp-

anies

¬-

niesnillninesmill attached to infantry battalions as a fifth company.companycompany-

.Later

comp-any

company-

.Later

comp-any

company-

.Later

comp-any

.

Later the wire companiescompania.companiacompanied. of the 2nd HeldF'ieldField' Signal Bat-BatBa-tattached

Br-atticed

Ba-

tJttBchedAt-

tachedBa-

tttached-

taliontalon were broken up and detachmentsdetachment.detachment. had been/tobeentobeebeeWbedewJttBchedAttached/attachedttachedto infaninfan-infantinfan-

tryinfan-

tryinfan-

try¬-

try battalionsregimentalbattalionsbattalion.battalionbattalionp. , regimental and brigade headquarters.headquartersheadque.rters.headquertersheadquarters.-

This

headquart-ers

headquarters.-

(45)Pareonalheadquarters-

45Pareonal. .

(45)Ptrsonal45Ptrsonal(4Per.onal4Per.onal4Peronal(45)Pareonal45Pareonal(45)Ptrsonalk-nowledge.

45Ptrsonalk-nowledge

(4Per.onal-k

4Peronal-k

( , ) , . Thishis'1'1' had been'0 e enddone0 n e for the sakee ak e of0 t efficiency.efficiencye f f i c i e n c y.y. (45)45(45)-

hat45-

hat

(45-

)fatrols45f-

atrols(45)-

knowledge45k-

nowledge( )


.(46)Personal

knowledg-

e46Personal

k nowlowl edge.edge.,hatfatrolsPatrolsrole were promptlyprompt1, pushed forward ; contact waswas-

gained

abs-

tained

was-

gained

abs-

tained

wa-

s(46)Personal

wa-

s46Personal(46)Personal46Personal(46)Personalk-nowledge.

46Personalk-nowledge

(4646( ) pe reonalrenalreonal-k

rena-l

gained v/ithvithwithitch/ the enemy ; and prisonerspri.onersprioners. were taken.(46)taken.46taken46taken.(46)-

In

taken46I-n

taken ., (4646( )

knowledge.knowledgek nowlowl edge.edge.,In front of the 1stletlot Brigade was thet e V Guard DivisionDivilionDivision-

and

Divilion-and

Divisi-onand front ofot the 2nd Brigade was the 52nd Division.DivisionDivi8ion., BothBoth-

of

Bot-

hBoth-

of

Bot-

hBoth-

of

Bot-

hof them were fresh firstfir.tfirt. classcla8s fighting divisions.divisions., Prispris-ParisPris-

oners

pris-

onera

pris-

onerPris-

oners

¬-

onersonerabonersboner stated that they had ordersorder8 to hold their positionspositions-

atpositio-

ns(4447)47(47)( ? ) GeneralGeneral-bummerall.G en e ralUralralt-iummerall.

at all cost.costcoat.coat., (47)47(47)-

From

47F-

rom

(47)-

From

47F-

rom

(47)-bummerall

47b-ummerall

( )

bummerall.bummeralltiummerall.tiummerallbummertimerbummeral-

l.(48)Portonal

bummera-

ll48Portonal

tiummerall.-

I'

tiummerall-

I

timberlin-

e

.,From October 1stletlot to October 3rd , the sectorlector waswalwail aa-

perfect

p-

erfecta-

pertect

p-

erfecta-

perfect

p-

erfectperfectpertect hell.hell. The enemy , from his positions in thethe-

Argonne

he-

roinethe-

Argonne

he-

roinethe-

Argonne

he-

roineArgonneJargoned ForesthadForelthadForeshadowFreeload, splendid artillery enfilade fire.firefire.-

High

firef-

ightfire.-

High

firef-

ightfire .,

High explosiveexplolive and shrapnel were mixed with gas.gasgal.gal., TheTh-

erattle

Th-

rottleTh-

erattle

Th-

rottleTh-

erattle

Th-

rottlerattle ofot musketrylDulketryduller firetire and the tattoo of machine gunsgunlgunguns-

were

gna-

werguns-

were

gna-

werwere.rere.. constantlyconltantly heard.heardheard.HM"heardHMheard.MM"heardMMheard., HM"HMMM"MM0M"0M" Company of the 18th infantryinfantry-

was

Infantry-

wal

infant-rywaswalwail practicallypract10 llyally put out of action becausebecaule the ground itit-

was

vi-

tas

it-

wal

vi-

talit-

was

vi-

taswaswalwail digging in on had been gassed.gassedgalsed.galsed. CasualtiesCasualtie.Casualtie. amountedamounted-

to

amount-

edto an averageayerage ofot 500 daily.daily. It waswa.wa. possiblepoa.iblepoaiblepotable. to get foodfood-

to

foo-

dfood-

to

foo-

dfood-

to

foo-

dto the front linesline.line. only at night and in many oasesca.elcaelcasescamel. thethe-

carrying

he-

artingthe-

carrying

he-

artingthe-

carrying

he-

artingcarrying partiespariielAriel were.ereere. knocked out.out. HoweverHowev.rHowevr. thethlhl DivisionD1v1.ionD1v1ionDivision-

gave

Divis-ion

Division-

gave

Divis-ion

.I'II'-lI-l

'

l

. . . . . . . . . . . ' . . . '

(48)Portonal48Portonal(48)Portonalk-nowledge

48Portonalk-nowledge

(4848( '8 )PePersonalPersonal-knowledgePers-onalrlonalRonaldrlonal-k

Ronal-d

.i.igave.:., .th.ththe. enemy.n'nenemy. .y.y. asi much asa.a. it received.received., (48)48(48)-

On

48-On

( )

knowledgek nowlowl edseese ,A,& let1t, Div.DivDiv-.Hiet.

D1Divy ., On October 2nd , anaD order waswalwail received from thethe-

Corps

he-

ctors

the-

Corpl

he-

ctorthe-

Corps

he-

ctorsHiet.HietHil"HilHitPhilHi st" ., p.pp .,18182.183.182183.182183182-1831821832.183.2183.2183.- ., CorpsCorplCorp thatthai the nextn.xtnxt. aorningmorningadorning at day-breakdaybreak- each fronttronttrot lineliner-

egiment

imp-

ertinent

liner-

egiment

imp-

ertinent

liner-

egiment

imp-

ertinentregiment would sendlend outouiui an officers1otticerl'otticerlofficers'officersdottier' patrol ofo f a platoonplatoon-

to

platoo-

nto keepkeekeel in1n contact with enemy.enemy., The DivisionD1vil1on CommanderCommande-

reight

Commande-

ering----eight---eight- - - - .11.ightbightght - - -

i...

protestedrotestedprotested and stated that all of hiehishide regiments were inin-

close

un-

close

in-

close

un-

close

in-

close

un-

closeclose contact with enemy and that it was practicallypractically-murder

practic-ally

practically-murder

practic-ally

practically-murder

practic-allymurder to send these patrols out.out. The CorpsCorpsepliedCorpselikereplied-epliedepliedreplied-

thatrepli-

edreplied-

thatrepli-

ed,-eplied-

thatrepl-

iedthat thethlhl order came fromtromtromp the French who had informationintormationinformation-

thatintormation-

thatinformat-

ionthat the enemy was retreating and that the patrols mustmust-

bs

mus-

tsmust-

be

must-

ermust-

be

must-

erbsbe sent out.out. ThisThilThinly fauxtauxaux paxPlax had a fartar reaching effectertecterect asalas-

will

s-will

al-

will

sa-

wmill

as-

will

s-willwill be shown later.later. The patpatrolpatrolsroleI were sent out andand-

those

pan-

tyhose

and-

tho.e

san-

dshoe

and-

those

pan-

tyhosethosetho.ethoetheo. ofoto f the letlItlot BrigadeBrigade.Brigade.wereBrigade. were pinned to the ground alal-

most

al-alal-

mOlt

al-

most

al-

most

¬-

mostmOlt as soon as they started and practically exterminaextermlna-extermlnaextermina-exterminateextermina-

ted.

extermlna-

ted.

extermina-

ted

¬-

ted.ted. The patrols ofot the 2nd Brigade were able to advanceadvance-

from

advan-cer

advance-

trom

advan-cer

advance-

from

advan-cerfromtromtromp a halfhalt to three quarters ofo f a kilometer.kilometer. Some ofof-

them

o-

ften

of-

them

o-

ften

o ff-

them

t-

hemthem were rescued , still8til1 holding their positions , whenwhen.when-

the

whet-

her

when-

.the

whe-

n're

when-

.the

whe-

n're

.

(4949( 49 ) PereonalPersonalPereonalk-nowledge.pePersonal-knowledgePers-onal1'818' onaltonalonal-k

tona-l

the Division finallytinallytonally advanced.advanced. (49)49(49)-

By

49-By

( )

knowledge.knowledgek nowlowl edge.edge.,& letlot DivDiv.DivDiv.-Hi

Di-v Div-.Hiet

,. By agressiveagresliveaggressive patrolingpatrolling and local exploitationploitationeAploitationpotatione thethe-

enemy

He-

nleythe-

ealmy

H-ealy

the-

enemy

He-

nleyHistHietHeistHitHi st.st,. p.p.185.185185-

.(50)Pereonal

18-

550Pereonal

185-

.(50)Perlonal

18-

550Perlonal

., enemyealmyHealy hudhadh d been driven north ofot the L'Esperance-L'EsperanceLEsperanceL'EsperanceLeLEsperanceLeEsperanto' - Le Bol-BolBoilBol-

eaux

Bor-

deaux

Bol-

eaux

Bor-

deaux

Bol-

eaux

Bor-

deaux

-

eauxbeaux road and the 2nd BrigadeBriBrie adeSade had even made somelomelone advanceadvance-

northadva-

nceadvance-

northadva-

nceadvance-

northadva-

nce(50)Pereonal50Pereonal(50)Perlonal50Perlonal(50)Pereonalk-nowledge.

50Pereonalk-nowledge

(50)Perlonal-k

50Perlonal-k

(5050( ) PersonalPersonalk-nowledge.Pers-onal north ofoto f that road.road., (50)50(50)O-

CTOBER

50O-

CTOBER

(50)O-

CTOBER

50O-

CTOBER

(50)O-

CTOBER

50O-

CTOBER

( )

knowledge.knowledgekknowledg-

e.(501st

knowledg-

e501st

nowleanole dg e .OCTOBER 4TH - 5TH.5TH5TH.-

On

5TH-

On

5TH.-

On

5TH-

On

5TH.-

On

5TH-

On

.

On the night ofot October 2nd , the Division receivedreceived-

the

receiv-edthe order fortortore an attack.attack., ThisThilThinly attack was to be an ofof-

fensive

ot-otof-ofot-

tenlive

at-

tentive

of-

fensive

¬-

(51)1511(501st501st( 51 ) 1 it Div.DivDiv-.Hist

Di-vvies

DiDiv.-

HiDi-v v . fensivetenlivefestiveenliven all along the MeuseMeul.MeulMsussMuseMelMisuses. ArgonneJargoned front.fronttront.tronttrot. (51)51( ) "D"D" " dayday-

was

ay-

ahs

day-

W.I

d-ay

day-

was

ay-

ahsHistHilt.HiltHeistHi st.st,. p.p.429.42942'4242-

9.(52)Pertonal42-

952Pertonal429-

.(52)Personal42-

952Personal' . wasW.IWI. later named asa.a. October 4th and "H"H" " hour asa.a. 5.30530. AM.(52)AM.52AM52AM.(52)-

The

AM52-

The

. ( )

(52)Pertonal52Pertonal(52)Personal52Personal(52)Pertonalk-nowledge.

52Pertonalk-nowledge

(5252(52)Personal-knowledge


( ) p e rlonalRonaldrlonal-k

Ronal-dknowledge.knowledgeknowledg-

e.(53)Ht

knowled-

ge53Ht

k nowlowl edge ., The followingtollowing unitsunitlunit werewere attached to the DivisionDivi.ionDiviionDivision-

for

Divi.ion-

for

Divisi-on

.

for thisthi.thithin. operation-operationoperation-

One

operati-on

: -

One FrenohFrlnchFrenchFlinch regimentreaimeatreanimate ofo f artilleryartillery.artillery.-One

artille-ry

;.

One Company of GasGa.Ga. troopstroopl.troopltrooptroopl.-

A

troo-p

;.

A squadron1'1\1.111.1'1111.' \ . d r 0 notofo f CavalryCay a1 1'111' j;j-

An'

j-

AnAnAn'' airatrart&1 r observation0'000' I.I. t''tittitic'. ' on squadronquad'rooD.quadrooDquadroon. quad'rooD.-

A

quadrooD-

A

quadroo-

n

'

;.

(53)Ht53Ht(53)1It531It((5353 )letlet-Hist.lef-tist

DirDir-Hist.

Di-arist

DiY.DiYDiY-.Hil"

Di-YHil

Di-ehl

. A balloon companycompaD1 ; '

H,H-

Three

T-

hreeHist.HistHil"HilHeistPhil" . p.184p184p.1841p1841p.1841-I

p1841-I

. ,AI. PersonalPerlonalPersonalk-nowledge.

Pers-onalPerlonalI-e

Personaliz-e

Personal-knowledge

Pers-onal ThreeThr.ThrThor. . tank companies.companiescompan1.compan1. . . (53)53( )

knowledge.knowledgenowledse.nowledseIe .,

---nine---nine---Dinl--Dinl---nine-Din- - - nine-

49

Dinl-

i

Dunli-

n

- -. -

_. . . . ..-- - -- ' -' - '-- '-' ---

. ,

Thf-ThfTheTheftThfCorps- CorpsCop.CopCoppsCops, . order prescribedpre.cribedprecribed. that two accompanyingaccompanJi"gaccompanJigaccompanying-

gune

accompanJi"g-

guns

accompanJig-

guns

accompanying-

guns

accompany-

ingaccompanim-

ents"

gunegunsgunned (7575( mm.mmmm ., ) would be attached to each assault batbat-bat.bat-

talionbat-

talB-

ata

bat-

.(54)Pereonalba-

t54Pereonal

¬-.(54)Pereonal54Pereonal(54)Pereonal-

knowledgt54Pereonalk-

nowledgt( 54 ) Per eon alal-

kFal-

ktaliontalontaltail ion of0 fininfantryfan t ry (54)54( S 4 ) .

knowledgtknowledgek no _1 e d g.g. ,.In estimating the situationlituationlitigation , the DivisionDivieion Comraam-ComraamCommaa-CommaaComman-CommanCoramCommaCommandComraa-

mder

Cora-m

Comma-

ader

Comma-

nder

Comma-

nder

-

derdeer realiiedrealiledrealizedreliedrecalled that his left flank , advancing over openopen-

ground

open-

ground

open-

groundground , would be subjecteubJect to heavy close range artilleryartillery-fire

artiller-yfi

artille-ryfirefi re from theth e ArgonneJargoned Forest.ForestFo re st.st. FurtherFu rthRoth e r , strongIt rongprong resisresis-resinsresis-

tancereireinresis-

tance! 1-11-

tance¬-

tancestance from the BoisBole de MontrebeauMountebank could be expected.expectedexpected.-

AS

expected.-

Ae

expect-ed

.,

ASAe far as& 1 ExermontExperiment ravine , the terrain in front of thethe-

2nd

the-

2nd

the-

2nd2nd Brigade was unfavorable for defense , alsoalloGallo the papa-

trolspa-papa-

trolspa-

trols¬-

trolstrolls of the 1stlot BrigadeBrigadesentBrigades, sent ou $; fromtromtromp each of the regreg-Gregreg-

iments

reg-

imentl

reg-

imental

reg-

iments

¬-

imentsimentlpimentosmental on Obtober0ttoberOctoberO toberTiber 2nd had been pinned to the ground asalas-

soon

ba-

ssoon

al-

soon

A-

lison

as-

soon

ba-

ssoonsoon as they moved out.outout ., On the right , thesetheee patrolspatrollpatrolpatrols-

had

patroll-had

patro-ls

patroll-

edhad been ableale) to advance some80mesothesoothe distancediltance and the 2nd BriBri-BrieBri-

gade

Bri-

gade

Bri-

gade

¬-

gadeglade had even gained some ground north of the L'Esper-L'EsperLEsperLEperL'Esper-

anceLe

LEsper-

anceLeEspe-

rantoL'Esper-

anceLe

LEsper-

anceLeEspe-

rantoL'Esper-

anceLe

LEsper-

anceLeEspe-

ranto' -

ance-LeanceLeVance- BoleauxBordeaux BoisBoi.BoiBoil. road by local exploitation.exploitation. So ,

it wasW&IWI& reasonable to supposeluppoae that the 2nd Brigade wouldwould-

be

wou-

ldbe able to advanceadvaace ouchmuch more quickly than the letlitlot BriBri-BrieBri-

gade.

Bri-

gade

Bri-

gade.

Bri-

gade

Bri-

gade.

Bri-

gade

¬-

gade.gadeglade. The DivisionDivilion CommandersCommander'CommanderCommander's*' . decisiondeci.iondeciion. was to the efef-

fectet-etef-efet-

fect

ef-

fect

ef-

fect

¬-

fectfet that 2nd2n d Brigade wouldwould makemake a sharpaharp , deep penetrapenetra-penetratepenetra-

tion

penetpentpenetra-

tionra-rara-

tion

¬-

tionion pivoting upon the 1stlitlet Brigade , and that 1stlitlist BrigadeBrigade-

with

Brig-ade

Brigade-

with

Brig-ade

Brigade-

with

Brig-adewith a refusedrefuaed left flankwouldflankwoulflank, d be brought up with thethe-

2nd

the-

2nd

the-

2nd(55)General55General(55)GeneralS-ummerall.

55GeneralS-ummerall

(5555( ) GeneralGeneral5-umm.General5-ummGeneralS-ummGene-rals

2nd Brigade.Brigade. (55)55(55)-

The

55T-

he(55)-

The

55T-

he( ; 5)55)-

The

5-

The

)

Summerall.SummerallSummerSummeral-

l.(56)lit

Summer-

all56lit

5umm.5ummSummSummaa. rallralrallyUrall .The divisiondiviaion order fortortore the attack prescribedpr ecribedcribbed thatthat-

the

thatc-

hed

that-

the

thatc-

hed

that-

the

thatc-

hedthe divisiondiviliondivilionadvance"advanceadvance-advance"- to itsitaKita objective witaoutwithoutwhiteoutwit out referencereference-

toreferen-

ceto the advanoeadvance ofo f the divieiondivia10ndivision on our right (91st91st(9lat9lat( Div.DivDiv-

.5th

Div-

5th

Div-

.(5691st

Di-

v5691st

.

(56)lit56litS6)1ItS61It(5691st5691st( , ) Dir.DirDiv.DivDir-.Hist

Dir-tiest

Div-.Hi.t.

. 5th, th CorpeCorpCorpsCopeI ) andan donon theth e left.left1.1. ft ., (28th28th( Div.DivDi.Di. ., ) " (56)56(56)-

The

56T-

he(56)-

Hist56-

Hist( ,6)6,6)-

The

6T-

he, )

HistHi.t.HitHeist. ,. p.pp .,429.429., The infantry regiments , in column of battalionsbattalionabattalion ,

. . . . .were.ereereWire.. to attackattaok'attaokattack"' " ' abreastabe..tAbeab -e..te..t- . . of each other.other'o'fi"ofi'oche-'ocheoche',-ofocher'o'fof'ocheTheocheThecheetah' ' -i"i"i- " . ' TheT divisiondlvi.iolldlviiolldivisionaldivision-

orderdivis-

iondivision-

orderdivis-

ion.

order alsoal.oaloPalo. prescribedpreacrlbedpearled that one company each from thethe-

assault

he-

adsailthe-

aa.ault

the-

assault

he-

adsailassaultaa.aultaaault. and support.upportupport. battalionbattal10n.battal10nbattalions!. of the left regimentresl.entreslentrelentregiment-

ten

regimen-

ted

.

---ten--ten-. - -. ten-

54

'D.-'D.D'D.-

ThF

D-

ThF

D-

oth

' -. - .

,

l6th(16th16th( Infantry ) would beb e sent up the AireAires valley asa8as-

combat

ac-

robata8-

combat

as-

combat

ac-

robatcombat patrolspatro18 with the double missionmialionmillion of cleaning upu-phostile

up-

holstered

up-

hOltileup-

holstered

u-phostile

up-

holsteredhostilehOltile machine gun nestsneetsnets at Fme.FmeFame., desdeldos GrangesGrangeaGrange and toto-

obtainto-

otingto-

obtainto-

otingto-

obtainto-

otingobtain liasonli&sonlisonliaisonAlison& with the 2dth28th Division.Division. The right regreg-Gregreg-

iment

reg-

iment

reg-

iment

¬-

imentpimento (26th26th( Infantry ) was to send strong combat patrolspatrol.patrolpatrols-along

parasa-

ilingpatrol.-

alongpat-

rolpatrols-

along

parasa-

iling.

along the edge of the woodswood.wood. on its right flank.flank., TheTh-

ethird

Te-

tchier

Th-

ethi

Te-

eth

Th-

ethird

Te-

tchierthirdthithin r d line battalionsbattalibattalion onlonly of0 f theth e exteriore xiexi rio r regimentsregiments (16th16th(16th-

and

16th-and

(16th-

and

16th-and

(16th-

and

16th-and

(

and 26th Infantry ) were.ereere. designatede.ignatedeignatedemigrated. as& . divisiondivia:1.ondivia1.ondivia1on: . reservesreeerVl8.reeerVl8reserves.reeerVl8.-

and

reeerVl8-

and

reserves.-

and

reserv-es

,.

and the third line battalions of the interior regimentsregimentaregimentalregiments-

(18th

regiment-

s18th

regimenta-

(18th

regiment-

a18th

regiments-

(18th

regiment-

s18th(18th18th( and 28th Infantry ) were designated asae Brigade re-rere-

aerTea.

re-

parteere-

serves.

re-

serves

rere-

serves.

re-

serves

¬-

serves.servesaerTea.aerTeaaerate.

The division order planned that the artilleryartilleryw-

ouldartill-

eryartilleryw-

ouldartill-

eryartilleryw-

ouldartill-

erywould put down a barrage 200 meters in front of thethe-

linehe-

mline

the-

linehe-

mline

the-

linehe-

mlineline of departure at H minusminuamina five minutes.minutesminutea.minuteaminute. The infaninfan-infantinfan-

tryinfan-

tryinfan-

try

¬-

try was to throwth ow out a screen to the line ofot departuredeparture-

atdepartu-

reat Midnightaidn1ght and advance to it at H hour.hour., The barragebarrage-

was

barrage-

wabarra-

gewaswa 8 tot 0 lift1 i f'tft' atat"at"HH" H hourh 0 u r , advancea dv an c eatat the rater e.e.t e of0 f 100100-

meters

1100-

meters

0000-

metersmeters in four minutes , and halt 30 minutes , 200 metersmeters-

inmeteri-

ngin front of the first and second objectives.objectives., A standetand-etandstand-wetlandstand-

ing

etand-

(57

etand-

57

stand-

ing

¬-

ingKing barrage was to be put down on the final or CorpsCorplCorpCorp-

s(57)let

Corp-

s57letCorpl-

objective(57)let57let(5757( ) let DivDiv.DivDiv-.Hilt.

,. objective fortortore 20 minutes.minutes., (57)57( ) *hishiei-hisihide±- barrage waewaswade veryvery-Hist.

eart-hiest

very-

thinaver-

tingvery-

Hiver-yHist.HistHilt.HiltHeistHi St.St. p.pY.Y.

430.430., thin , there being only forty eight gunsgun.gun. to 5000; 000 yardsyard.yardyards-

of

yar-ds

yard.-

ot

yar-

d.

ofot frontage or approximately one gun for each 100100-

(58)Thoma0

100-

58Thoma0

100-

(58)Thollal

10-

058Thollal

100-

(58)Thomas

100-

58Thomas(58)Thoma058Thoma0(58)Thollal58Thollal(58)Thomas58Thomas( ) , yards.yardsyarde.yardeyarded. (58)58(58)-P.297.

58P-297

(58)-

The"machine

58T-

hemachine(58)-

p.297.58p-

297( )

P.297.P297.P297P.P. 297 .TheThe"machineThemachineTeachingmachine" gung\.1ng.1ng.1n1n\. companiescompan1eI

,ofor thetbetube divisiondiv:1liondiv1lion: reserver.aerT'raerTracerreserve-

battalionsr.aerT'-

battalion.raerT-

battalionretra-

ctablereserve-

battalions

. 'battalionsbattalion.battalion. werewer.werwear. turned overOTerDoter to the brigade commanderscommander.commandercommanders-

to

commander.-

to

commande-

rscommand-

er

.to fill in gapsgap'gap' and protect their brigade flanks.flanksflank.flank. ., AA-

platoon

P-

latoon

A-

platoon

P-

latoon

A-

platoon

P-

latoonplatoon ofot tankstankatank was.a.a. . ordered deployeddeplored acrossacro.acromacro. . the frontfront-

of

front-

onof each infantry regimentr.gimentrgiment. and two platoons were.ereere. placedplac.dplacdplaced-

generally

plac.d-

generally

placed-

generally

.generally along the brigadebr1lad.br1lad. axisaxilaxial of advance.advanceadyaDodyad , ., Two plapla-planpla-

toons

plat-

oon.pla-

toon

pla-

toons

¬-

toonstoon.toontonston. were ordered to accompany the third line battalbattal-Batabattal-ions

battali-

onabattal-

ionbattal-

ions

¬-

ionsionaFiona to assista'lietalietalit' in mopping up.up. The tankstankI onen the 16th16th-

eleven---eleven---eleven- - -. eleven-

(16th

eleve-

n16th

el even-eveneven-

(16th

eve-

n16th

- -. -..

,

. . . . . . , . . , . . , '. . . . . . '

Infantry front were ordered into the 18th InfantryInfantryz-

oneInfantryz-

onaInfan-

tryzonezonazonal of action when the 16th Infantry reached thethe-

northern

eth-

nographer

the-

northern

eth-

nographer

the-

northern

eth-

nographernorthern edge of the Bois de MontrebeauMontrebeau.NontrebeauMountebankNotreMontrebeau.-

The

,.

The observation squadron was ordered to have oneone-

command

nec-

romancy

one-

co

Mon-

aco

one-

command

nec-

romancycommandco mandMandy planeplans in thethathan air at all times and it was toto-

oallt-

oolto-

call

sto-

ically

to-

call

sto-

icallyoallcallall for the stakingetakingbetaking out of thethAthan line o.ioion. eachch objective.objectiveobjective.-

The

objecti-ve

.,

The squadron was also to have two artillery planes inin-

the

in-

terin-

the

in-

terin-

the

in-

terthe air at all times.times., The balloonballon, company was to assistassist-the

assi-st

assist-the

assi-st

assist-the

assi-stthe artillery.artilleryartillery.-

The

artille-ry

a rt ill e ry .

The company of gasg s troops waewaswade ordered to place aa-

smoke

s-

moke

a-

smoke

s-

moke

a-

smoke

s-

mokesmoke screen along the southern8o therntern ededeeedgeredeeme of the Bois dede-

Montrebeau

d-

emonstrable

de-

Montrebeau

d-

emonstrable

de-

Montrebeau

d-

emonstrableMontrebeauMountebank from H minusminU8 five minutesminute.minute. to H plus thirtythirty-minutes.

thi-rty thirty-minutes.

thi-rty thirty-minutes.

thi-rtyminutes.minutesminutes.-

The

minut-est

.

The cavalrycavalcava ry squadronsquad ron was heldh e1 d in divisiondi vi si on reservereserve-

ready

prese-rver

rereserve-

ready

prese-rver

se rveraverve-

ready

re-

readready tot * move on thirty minutes notice.noticenotice.-

The

noti-ce

notice.-

The

noti-ce

notice.-

The

noti-ce

.

The 1stlet EngineersEnginEngine erlearl were held in division reservereserve-

ready

prese-rver

reserve-

ready

prese-rver(59)F.0.4759F0.4759F047S9)F.j.47S9Fj.47S9Fj47(5959( ) F.O.47FO.47FO47. , . , ready to move at H minus oneODe hour.hour. (59)59(59)-

The

59T-

he(59)-

The

59T-

he(5959( )

1stlot Div.DivDiv-.let

Div-alent

DivDiv-.let

Div-alent

.,let1st Div.DivDiv-.Hist

Div-vies

Div.-Hi

Di-v . The infantry regiments useduIAdquad a novel method in handhand-hand.hand-

ling

hand-

ling

¬-.HistHeistHi st.st,. p429-430.429430.429430.429.430429430429430.-

(60)Legge

429430-

60Legge

-. ., ling the straggler question *:; The 1stlet Sergeants formedformed-

a

forme-

da straggler line in the zonelone ofoto f advance of each regiregl-reglregi-Regisregalregi-

ment

regl-

ment

regi-

ment

regi-

ment

¬-

mentmeant , thusthulThule insuring an immediate return to their organorgan-organ.orga-

nizations

orga-

nilationl

organ-

izational

organ-

.(60)Legge

orga-

n60Legge

¬-.( (60)Legge60Legge60)Legge.60Legge.60)Legge-

.p.S6560Legge-

pS65) ,. izationsilationlizationeinactionsillationinaction of all stragglers.stragglers.traggler.tragglerstraggler. . . (60)60(60)-

The

60T-

he(60)-

The

60T-

he(60)-

p.565.60-

p565( )

P.565.P565.P565p.S65pS65. .,The advanceadvanoe started according to schedule.scheduleschedule.-

From

sched-ule

schedule.-

rrom

schedu-

lerschedule.-

From

sched-ule

.

Fromrromrom the "jumpjump" off"offotf"otfoft" the 26th Infantry on the rightright-

had

rightw-

ard

right-

had

rightw-

ard

right-

had

rightw-

ardhad a fightfiShifiSh on itsit.it. hands.handshandl.handlhandle. The enemy fromtromtromp well chosencho.enchoenchosen-

and

chos-en

cho.en-

and

coten-

antchosen-

and

chos-en

.and protected positions completely dominated itsit.it. zonelonezone-

of

zo-ne

lone-

of

lon-

ezone-

of

zo-neof action.action. The'hehe' enemy fire wae.alalwaswade. especially.lpeoial1ylpeoial1y. deadly fromfrom-

La

fro-m

from-

La

fro-m

from-

La

fro-mLa Neuvills-leNeuvillsleNeuvi11.-1eNeuvi11.1eNeuvi11.Neuvi111eNeuville-leNeuvilleNeville.- ComteComate PineFmeFame'me.me' ,. and the woodswood.wood. one kilometerkilometer.-

tokilomet-

er.toto. the eastea.teat. of the zonelone of action ofot the regiment ( acrossacrollscrollacross-

the

acro-ss

acroll-

theacrol-

ithacross-

the

acro-ssthe continuationoontinuatin ofoto f SxermontIxermontExermontSermonPiedmontExperiment ravine ) . The 1stl.tltlet. Battalionlattal10nBattalion-

in

lattal10n-

inBattalio-

nin assaulta.saultasault. waswallOwallso badly depleted upon arrival at the firstfir8tfirst-objective

fire-stone

fir8t-objeotive

first-objective

fire-stoneobjectiveobjeotive that the 2nd Battalion passedpalled thru it and oon-oononoon-

ued

moo-

ned

oon-

ued

moo-

ned

o on-onon-

ued

ton-

gued

-

uedcued the assault.assault. . .aultaultSault. ., The 28th Infantry took La Neuville-le-NeuvilleleNeuvi11e.iNeuvi11eiNeuville-le.le.NevilleNeuvillelet-

welveNevi-

lleNeuvi11e.i-

t.elv.Neuvi11e-

itelvNeuvillele.t-

welve

-. , -.---twelve-twelve--t.elv.t.elv.Tel-. - - twelve-

S9)F.j.47

twelv-

eS9Fj47

. .-. . .

1,1-

(6llet

1-

6llet

I.>, >..

" ' . .-... . . - ..,. .. .- . . . --..-. ... -. .. .

CorateComteOrateComate FmeFineFameFroe.FroeFroze,. relievingrelievin the pressurepreepreen urecure on the left fromfrom-

the

frot-

hed

from-

the

frot-

hed

from-

the

frot-

hedthe 26th InfantryInfantry.*. However repeated assaultsal8 ultscults werewere-

necessaryser-

enenesswere-

neoessaryser-

enenesswere-

necessaryser-

enenessnecessaryneoessary to take the woods to the east.east., At 5 P.M.PMP.MP.M-

.the

P.-M.

., .,

the 1stlet and 2nd BattalionsBattalioBattalion8 were occupyingoooupying a line fromfro-mLaNeuvilleleComte

fro-mLaNeuvilleleComte

fro-mLaNeuvilleleComteLa-Neuville-le-ComteLaNeuvilleleComteNevilleComate- - - Fme.FmeFame., to the western edgeedg ofor thethe-

woods

She-

rwood

the-

woode

Th-

eodore(6llet6llet(6161( 61 ) latlet Div.DivDiv-.Hist.

D iv.vv-

.Hist.. woodswoodewooded on the right with its rightl"ightlight" flank refused.refused., (6l6l(61)61(61)-

A

61-A

(61)-Hist 61-Hist

( )

Hist.HistHeist., p.p.193.193., A thousand yardsyardeyarded north of ExermontExperiment ravine the enemyenemy-

had

ene-my

enemy-

had

ene-my

enemy-

had

ene-myhad several bitteriesb\tteriesbtteriesbutteriesterriesb \ of 77 mm.mmmm ., guns whichwhioh used directdirect-

firedirec-

tivedirect-

firedirec-

tivedirect-

firedirec-

tivefire againstaga.inst. the infantry ofot thethothou 2nd Brigade.Brigade. The 2nd2n-

dBattalion

2n-

dBattalion

2n-

dBattalionBattalion 26th Infantry entered ExermontExperiment ravine with

30 officers and 1000 men but 'henhenwhen"' it reachedreaohed the northnorth-north-

ern

north-

(62

north-

62¬-

(6262( 62)Thomaa62Thomaa62 ) ThomaeThomasTahoma , ernBern edge it had but 6 officers and 28528 ; men , (62)62(62)-

The

62T-

he(62)-

The

62T-

he(62)-

P300301.62P-

300301( )

p.300-301p.300301p.300p300301p.300-301.p300301.301.P-300-301.P300p.300301-

(63)lst

p30030-

163lst

P300301.-

(63)1st

P30030-

1631st

.- - .The 3d3rd** Battalion , 28th Infantry , the assaultingassaulting-

battalionassau-

ltingassaulting-

battaliDnassau-

ltingassaulting-

battalionassau-

ltingbattalionbattaliDn ofo f that regiment , enjoyed slight cover untiluntil-

itutili-

tyit started out of the ravine.ravineravinravine . There it ran into notnot-

only

noti-

onally

not-

only

noti-

onally

otot-

only

co-

ttonyonly this murderous artillery fire but alsoalloGallo heavy firefiref-

rom

fore-

front

firef-

rom

fore-

front

firef-

rom

fore-

frontfrom the La Neuville-le-ComteNeuvilleleComteNevilleComate- - Fme.FmeFameFmeFame ., strongpoint.strongpointetrongpoint.etrongpointstandpointtrogon. AnA-

nartillery

A-

marilloA-

nartillery

A-

marilloA-

nartillery

A-

marillo, I'I'

artillery battery and the machinemaohine gunsgunagun were putp t out ofof-

action

ol-

faction

of-

aotion

o-

vation

of-

action

ol-

factionactionaotionabortion by the accompanyingaocompanying guns and the battalion finfin-fin-

allyfin-

allyfin-

ally

¬-

ally captured this battery turning the guns on thethee-

nemy.

He-

nleythee-

nemy.

He-

nleythe-

enemy

He-

nleyenemy.enemy., The battalion finally occupiedocoupied the line Beau-BeauBeau-

reguardRea-

rguardBeau-

reguardRea-

rguardBeau-

reguardRea-

rguard-

(63)lst63lst(63)1st631st(, 63 ) lat Div.DivDiv-.Histp.191.

Di-vHistp191

DiDiv-.Histp.191.

Di-vHistp191

v.vv-

.Hi. reguardregard Fme.-LaFme.LaFme-LaFmeFame., - Neuville-le-ComteNeuvilleleComteNeuville-le.Comtele.ComteNevilleComate- -. Fme.FmeFameFmeFame ., (63)63(63)-

The

63T-

he(63)-

The

63T-

he(63)-

The

63T-

he( )

Histp.191.Histp191.Histp191Histp.191.-CaptainHistp191-CaptainHiHistp.191.-CaptainHistp191-Captain

t.p,191.tp191.tp191t.p,191.-Captain

tp191-Captain

,. ., .CaptainCaptain-Butler.Cap-tainCaptain-BuCapta-inCaptain-Butler.Cap-tain The 3rd Battalion , l8th18th Infantry , was designateddesignated-

as

designated-

al

designate-

dButler.ButlerBu t 1 e r .

asal the assaulta8sault battalion ofo f that regiment , but becausebecaulebecause-

of

becaule-

of

becau-seof the fog and darknessdarkne8a the 2nd Battalion closedolosedloosed up ono-

nit

o-

mit

o-

nit

o-

mit

o-

nit

o-

mitit as& 8 H hour approached and both battalionsbattalionabattalion assaultedaSlaultedassaulted-

togetherassa-

ultedaSlaulted-

togetherassaulted-

togetherassa-

ultedtogether in the regimental lonezone of action.action. AsAI the twotw-

obattalions

tw-

obattalion.

tw-

obattalionsbattalionsbattalion.battalion. left the firetfirstfret objective they ran into heavyheav-

yartilleryheav-

yartilleryheav-

yartilleryartillery and machine gun fire on the bare slope lead-leadlead.lead-

ing

lead.-

ing

lead-

ing

lead-

ing

-.

ingKing to ExermontExperiment ravine.ravine., When the leading elementselement.element. gotgot-

into

goe-

thite

got-

into

goe-

thite

got-

into

goe-

thiteinto ExermontExperiment they were met with heavy enfilade artilleryartillery-

thi

artille-

ry---thithithin-. -. -thithithin- rteen---rteenrtelft--rtelftrteen--teentwelfthrteen-

61

rtelft-

Comte

tele-

com

- -. -,

,. , t

. . . ..., .. . ... . . .... .. . . .', . , - . - -----..- . -. ... " . . . . . . . . . . . ' . ,

fire from thethfthe.theft.! ArgonneJargoned and with close range , flankingflanking-

fireflanking-

tireflanki-

ngfiretire from coveraoverover of the ridge whichwhioh lead to the base ofof-

Hill

of-

Hill

of-

will

o-

wlHillwill 240.240. In spite ofot heavy losses , the remainder ofotof-

the

of-

ten

ot-

the

ot-

her

of-

the

of-

tenthe twowo battalionsbattalion.battalion. began a slow and painfulainrair l advancendvance upup-

theU-

teup-

theU-

teup-

theU-

tethe bare , open ridge leading1eadin to HillMill 240.240. AlthoAlto exhausexhaU8-exhaU8exhaus-exhaustexhaus-

ted

exhaU8-

ted

exhaus-

ted

¬-

ted and sufferingsutteringshuttering from very heavy casualtiesoasualties , detachdetach.detach-detach-

ments

detach.T-

n

detac-

h

detach-

ments

¬.-mentsamentsTn en t managedmanage d tot 0 ascenda 8 0 en d tot 0 the crest0 resRees totof HillHi 11 2402 4 0 , climbclimbWclimb-

ing

cclimbW-

ing

climb-

ing

11m b.bb-

.ing

b-

inge

¬.ingKing up the steep southern slope thru a dense heavy growthgrowth-

of

growth-

ot

growt-

ho

grow-

thofoto f scrub.scrub., On the crestcrest.crest,. a hail ofo f artillery and smallsmall-

arms'

small-

armsmall-

ardssmall-

arms'

small-

armsmall-

ardssmall-

arms'

small-

armsmall-

ardsarms'arms' fire greeted them and they were forced to descenddescend-

to

descen-

dto a position at the southern base ofor the hill.hill. TheTh-

eline

He-

mline

Th-

eline

He-

mline

Th-

eline

He-

mlineline was extended to the leftleft.left,. joining up with the l6th16thl6th-

Infantry

16th-

Infantry

16th-

InfantryInfantry , On the rightright.,. the line was refused to join upup-

with

p-

ewit

up-

with

p-

ewit

up-

with

p-

ewitwith the 28th Infantry , thus making the front line extendextend-

in

extendi-

ngin a northwest-southwestnorthwestsouthwest- direction.direction. The two battalionsbattalions-were

battali-onswere reorganisedreorganiledreorganized and the position organized inin'' depth withwith-

the

with-

held

with-

the

with-

held

with-

the

with-

heldthe 3rd Battalion in front.front., Two companies of the BrigadeBrigade-

reserveBriga-

diersBrigade-

reserveBriga-

diersBrigade-

reserveBriga-

diersreserve were placedploldpl4osdplod_ in position north ofot ExerraontExermontExertionExperiment ravineravine-

on

ravin-eon the left of the 15th18th Infantry zonelone of action as countercounter-

(64)lstcounte-

r64lstcounter-

attackcounter-

attack(64)lst64lst(64)1.t641.t641t(64)64( ) l st. Div.DivDiv-.Hi.t.

Div ., attack elements.elementselemental., (64)64( ) Machine gunsguna were used by the 18th18th-Hint

18th-

Infantry18th-

InfantryHintHi.t.HitHistHeist. ,. p.pp .,190.190., Infantry to a good advantagea antagevantage in destroying machine gungun-

nlst.

gun-

nels

gu-

nnests

Gu-

inness(65)65( 6S65 ) HiHi.t.Hititst. ,. 2nd2nd-M.G.Bn.p.

2n-dMGBnp

2nd-if

neetinlst.nlstnestsnetenlist. thru out the dayday.,. (65)65(65)-M.G.Bn.p.

65-MGBnp

(65)-

A.

65-A

(65)-

As

65-As

( )

M.G.Bn.p.MGBnpeGBnpebonif . ., ., .,3636.36. AsA.A. the 16th Infantry , with the 3rd Battalion in asas-

saulta8-a8as-asa8-

laultas-

sault

¬-

saultlaultadult , leftleltlet thtthethat line of departuredeparturl.departurl,. it became the targettarget-

of

targe-

to

targ-etof01o f raking enfiladeentilade artillery firetire from the ArgonneJargoned Foreet.Foreetrore.troretForestForefeetrarestForeet.-

In

Ferreti-

ng

. .,

In spite.pitepite. of it , the 3rd Battalion advanced and took thethe-

town

thr-

own

the-

town

thr-

own

the-

town

thr-

owntown of01 Fleville.FlevilleFlev1l11.Flev1l11Flexile., The twttt 'qq>'t companieecompani.companicompaniescompanied. . in the AireAir.AirAires. valleyvalley-

clearedval-

leyvalley-

cleareval-

leyvalley-

clearedval-

leyclearedcleare Fme.FmeFamerm.rmf'mefmefame' . ., delde.dedes. GrangesGrange.Grange. ofo f machine guns.gunsgun.gun. ., DivisionDivi.ionDiviion. headhead.head-

.quarter.

head-

quarter

head-

.quarters

head-

quarters*.

quartersquarter.quarter. Bordered'orderedordered' the line to be withdrawn on the reversereverse-

slope

reve-rses

reverse-

elope

reve-rse

reverse-

slope

reve-rsesslopeelope south ofoto f FlevilleFlavlleFlexileFellable! , becausebecaule it was believed that the

- -. -. fourteen--fourteenfourteen-

(64)1.t

fourtee-

n641t

r 0 U ri . en - -..,

:

town would. uldauld be heavily shelled and it was.was. There they dugdug-

in.

drugg-

ing

dug-

indrugg-

ing

dug-

in.

drugg-

ingin.inin ., ThieThi8ThisThief regiment had the honor of beingDAingDing the only unitunit-

in

uniti-

ng

unit-

in

uniti-

ng

unit-

in

uniti-

ngin the First American Army to reachreaoh its objective ono-

nthat

co-

ntact

o-

nthat

co-

ntact

o-

nthat

co-

ntactthat day.day. It paid a heavy price though , because of the20 officersotficers and 800 men who had jumpedj mpedmoped offotfoft with the 3rd3rd-

Battalion3rd-

Battalion3rd-

BattalionBattalion but 2 officers and 240 men were left.leftleft ., TheTh-

eright

He-

ightTh-

eight

He-

ightTh-

eright

He-

ightrightightbight flank ofo f the regimentregimregime nt was refused to join up withwith-

the

with-

held

with-

the

with-

held

with-

the

with-

held(66)l8t66l8t(66)lat66lat(66)1661( ) st Div.DivDiv-.Hist.p.

Div-.Hilt.p.

Div-.Hiatpa

. the 18th Infantry.InfantryIntantry.Intantry., (66)66(66)-

The

66T-

he(66)-

The

66T-

he(66)-

The

66T-

he( )

Hist.p.HistpHilt.p.HiltpHiatpaHeistHiltCharta., .189-190.189190.189190.1890190- ., The Division Commander attached the 6th and 7th7th-

Field

7th-

Fi

7th-

FieldFieldFi el d ArtilleryA rtilltrill e ry regimentsregiment8 tot o the 1st1 at and 2nd BrigadesBrigadeBrigade-

srespectively

Brigade-

srespectively

88-

respectivelyrespectively , when he discovered that the infantry waswa-

sunable

ass-

umable

wa-

sunable

ass-

umable

wa-

sunable

ass-

umableunable to keep up with the barrage.barrage. It waswalwail only becausebecause-

of

because-

orbecau-

seofor the close mutual support ofot the infantryinfa.ntry. and artilleryartillery-that

artille-ry(6767( 667? )Personalknowledge.PersonalPersonalPersonalk-nowledge.Pers-onalPer 6 0 n a1a1-k

that the former was able tot o advanceadvanoe at all.all. (67)67(67(67)-

The

67T-

he(67)-

The

67T-

he( )

knowledge.knowledge.knowledg-

e.(68)lst

knowled-

ge68lst

k no wl ed g e .The accompanyingaccompanyin6 gunsexceptunexceptionalguns , except those ofo f the 28th Infanlnfan-lnfanInfan-InfantInfan-

trylnfan-

tryinfan-

tryInfan-

try¬-

try , were knocked out soon after the jump off and , asae oneon-

ewriter

or-

nerieron-

ewriter

or-

nerieron-

ewriter

or-

nerierwriter has expressed it , "TheyThey" accomplished little moremore-

than

north-

land

more-

than

north-

land

more-

than

north-

land(68)lst68lst(68)1It681It(6868( ) istKist Div.DivDiv-.Hilt.

Div-.Hilt.

Div ., than to add to the heroic sacrifices ofo f the day"(68)day"day" ,. (6868( )

Hilt.HiltHistHeist ., p.p.186.186. 37 mmmm.mm,. gunsgunagun were usedu.eduedcued. to good advantage by the 26th26th-

Infantry

26th-

Infantry

26th-

InfantryInfantry and the 28th Infantry founfoun.found4.< the 3 inch trenchtrench-

mortars

techn-

ocratstrench-

.ort

tren-ch

trench-

mortars

techn-

ocrats( 69 ) CaptainCaptain-CornishCapri-cornsCaptain-CornCapric-ornCaptain-CornishCapri-corns mortars.ortort. PI a usefululetu1 aid in knookingknocking out enemy machine guns(69)guns69gunl.(69)gunl.69gunl69gune(69gune69guns(69)-

As

guns69-As

gunl.(69)-

AI

gunl69-AI

,. ( )

CornishCorn i I h &!CaptainCaptain-Butler.Cap-tainCaptain-Butler.Cap-tainCaptain-Butler.Cap-tain

AsAI can well be imaginedi.aglne'iaglneimagine. ' , the tankstank.tank. sufferedlutterldclutter heavily.heavilyheavily.-

Only

heav-ily

he.yl.heylhey. ! ., .,Butler.ButlerButler-

.(70)lst

Butle-

r70lst

Butler-

.(70)1It

Butle-

r701It

.OnlyOD1 , fivefiyefie out of0o f fortytoriytory seven.eyeneyeneye. tankstankI reached ExerraontIxermontExermontExertionPiedmontExperiment rara-

vine

ra-rara-

Yine

ra-

ined

ra-

vine

¬-

vineYineYin and they werewerlearl destroyed by direct hiti.hitihitsHaitihit _ ., CasualtiesCasualti.CasualtiCasualties-

toCasualti-

es

. .(70)lst70lst(70)1It701It(7070( ) let Dir.DirDiY.DiYDir-

.HistDir-

tiestDiY-

.Hilt.Div ., to tank personnelper.onnelperonnel. amounted to eightyiiht1 fourtour per cent.(70)cent.70cent70cent.TOcentTOcent(70)centcent.(70)-

These

cent70T-

hesecent(70)T-

hese., ( )

HistHilt.HiltHeist,. p.p.194.194194019-

4.(7lPereonal

19-

47lPereonal

194-

.(71)Perlonal

19-

471Perlonal

. TheseThe.eThee. tanks were.ereere. in1n bad mechanical shape.hapehape. though.though. They hadhad-

been

ha-

dean

had-

be.n

har-

den

had-

been

ha-

deanbeenbe.nben. usedulldauld in the St.StSit. MihielMih181Michel attack and then had beenb.enben. movedmoved-

to

move-

dt

mov-

edtot o the MeuseleUI.leUIMuseleI. ArgonneArgoDnlJargonedArgon fronttronttrot without being sentlent tot o a tanktank-

park

tan-

bark

tank-

p

tan-

k

tank-

park

tan-

bark(7lPereonal7lPereonal(71)Perlonal71Perlonal(7lPereonalk-nowledge.

7lPereonalk-nowledge

(71)Perlonal-knowledl.

71Perlonal-knowledl

(771771( ) PersonalPersonalk-nowledge.Pers-onal parkp .. rk fortortore repairs.repairsrepair.repair. . (71)71(71)-

The

71T-

he(71)-

Th.

71-Th

(71)-

The

71T-

he( )

knowledge.knowledgeknowledl.knowledlknowledg-

e.(72)Pertonal

knowledg-

e72Pertonal

knowledge-

.(72)Personal

knowledg-

e72Personal

, .TheTh.Th. cavalrycayalcabal rJ squadronIquadronQuadroon wasw.w. . not useduledruled asa.a. there wasW&IWI& nono-

opportunity

in-

opportunely

no-

opportunitl

in-

opportunely

no-

opportunity

in-

opportunely(72)Pertonal72Pertonal(72)Personal72Personal(72)Pertonalk-nowledge.

72Pertonalk-nowledge

(7272(72)Personal-k

72Personal-k

( ) pe flon.lflonlfelonflon.l-k

felo-n

. opportunityopportunitlopportunist fortortore doingdoiniDominic so.so10.10. (72)72(12)12( )

knowledge.knowledgeraowl''SI.raowlSIbrawlsk nowlowl edge' '' .,- fifteen-fifteentt.ll1-tt.ll1--fifteen.- - fifteen-

(66)lat

fiftee-

n66lat

ti tt.ll1-

(66)1

ttll1-

661

. -?

,:)

I

From a divisionald1Y1.1onald1Y11onal. standpointetandpolnt the supply elementsellment.ellmentbellmenelements-

functionedele-

mentsellment-

.functioned

elements-

functionedele-

ments.

functioned very well and at no time was"a.a" . therethlrethree any dede-

ficiencyde-dede.de-

73

¬-.(73)Personal73Personal(73)Personalk-

nowledge.73Personalk-

nowledge(7373( 73 ) PerPersonala 0 n alal-

kFal-

kficiencyfiction in foodtoodstood or ammunition.ammunition. (73)73(73)-

The

73T-

he(73)-

The

73T-

he(73)-

knowledge.73k-

nowledge( )


e.(74)lst

knowled-

ge74lst

k no w1 edge.edge.The field hospitals andandtheanthemthe.the-the.- sanitary train werewere-

hard

wireh-

aired

were-

hard

wireh-

aired

were-

hard

wireh-

airedhard pushed , but they did their duty in accordance withlthlathwith-

the

with-

held

with-

(74)1stwit-

h741stlth-

(74)1Itlth-

741It(74)lst74lst(74)1It741It(74)1st741st( ) Div.DivDiv-.Hist.

Div-.Hilt.

. the higheethighest standardsstandard.standard. of the Medical Corps.CorpsCorp.Corp. ., (74)74(74)-

At

74-At

(74)-Hist 74-Hist

( )

Hist.HistHilt.HiltHeistHistHeist ., p.p.194.194194-

.(75)Personal

19-

475Personal

. At the end of the day , the Division had accomplishedaccompli.hedaccomplihedaccomplishe-

dits

accompli.he-

ditl

accomplish-

ed.

itsitlil mission in partpart.,. A wedge from two to four kilometerskilometers-

inkilomete-

rsin depth had been driven.driven. And it waswaewade driven thru almostalmost-

insurmountablealmost-

ineurmountablealmost-

insurmountableinsurmountableineurmountable obstaclesobltacles by the disciplinediloipline , moralemorals andand-

courage

an-

chorage

and-

(75)Peraonal

an-

d75Peraonal

and-

courage

an-

choragecourage of the combat unitsunite of the 1stlot Division - principrinei-prineiprinci-princeprinci-

pallyprinei-

pallprincip-

allyprinci-

(75

princi-

75¬-

(75)Personal75Personal(75)Peraonal75Peraonal(75)Personalk-nowledge.


(75)Peraonal-k

75Peraonal-k

(7575( ) Personal pallypallpalelyy goodgoo doldoleoldd "JohnJohn"JJ" 0 h n Doughboy"DoughboyD 0 U gh boy"boy" ,. (75)75(75)-

The

75T-

he(77(75)-

knowledge.75k-

nowledge( 5 )


.(76)Personal

knowledg-

e76Personal

k nowlowl edge.edge.The CorpsCorp.Corp. ordered the attack continued on OctoberOctober-

5th

October-

Sih.

Octob-ers

October-

5th.

October-

5th5thSih.Sih5th.Sikh,. The Division CommanderC.mmandlrCmmandlrCommand. decideddecidld to firstfir.tfirt. bring thethe-

l8ththe-

18th

the-

18thl8th18th Infantry and the 2nd Brigade on line with the 16th16th-

Infantry

16th-

Infantry

16th-

InfantryInfantry and then have all four infantry regiments continuecontin"contincontaincontinue-

thecontin-

ue" .

the attack to the original 3rd objective.objective. In other wordswordl.wordlworldwordl-

.the

word-

list

,.

the schemelohemecloche of maneuver was.alal. to pivot the attack on the 16th16th-

Infantry

16th-

(76)Perlonal16t-

h76Perlonal

16th-

(76)Personal16t-

h76Personal(76)Personal76Personal(76)Perlonal76Perlonal(76)Personalk-nowledge.


(76)Perlonalk-nowledge.

76Perlonalk-nowledge

( ) InfantryIn lantleant ry (76)76(16)16( ) .,knowledge.knowledgeknowledge-

.(77)l

knowledg-

e77l

.The firsttir.ttirttit. objective of the l8th18th Infantry and the 2nd2nd-

Brigade

2nd-

Brigade

2nd-

BrigadeBrigade waswalwail a line from the crestcreltcelt ofo f Hill 240 to thethe-

northern

eth-

nographer

the-

northern

eth-

nographer

the-

northern

eth-

nographernorthern edge of the woods justJUltJUt north of Hill 212.212212 ., TheThe-

second

Th-

ereonThe-

.econd

Th-

ereon

The-

second

Th-

ereonsecond.econdecond. objective waswalwail from the line ofo f the l6th16th InfantryInfantry-

toInfantr-

ytInfantr-

yInfantry-

T1)1.tInfantr-

yT11t(77)l77l(7777( T1)1.tT11.tT11t) l st. t DiT.DiTDiY.DiYDietDiT-.Hist

Pit-hiest

Div ., tot o the northern baseba.ba. . ofo f Hill 272.272272e. (77)77(77)-

The

77T-

he(77)-

Hi.t.77-Hit(77)-

The

77T-

he( )

HistHi.t.HitHilt.HiltHeist. ,. p19619 6 and F.O.FOr.o.roFO.., . The terrain waswa.wa. more difficult , if anything , to attackatta.okattaokattack-

than

attrac-

tantattMattatta.ok-

than

:. ok48 , p.436.p436.p436. .

than that ofo f the day before.before. On the right Hill 212 andan-

dtie

au-

ntie

and-

t.

an-

d

and-

was

pan-

das

tiethet.t. . woodswood.wood. to the north were.ereere. heldheidHeidi in strength.strengthlirengtb.lirengtbclient. Beyond , thethe-

western

te-eter

the-

we.tern

te-eter

the-

western

te-eterwesternwe.ternwetern. edgee4il of the BoisBoi.BoiBoil. dedoe MoneyMODOYMOODY and FmeFame'me.me' ,. d'ArietaldArietald'Ar1etaldAr1etalparietal' were.erlerlearlwer-

estrongly

terr-

estrially

wer-

estrongly

terr-

estrially

..erl-

.tronsl1

erl-

tronsl1strongly.tronsl1tronsl1. organised.organisedoraaniled.oraaniledorganized., Further on , the forbiddingtorbiddigg, . b144i'lb144il' Hill 272212272-

was

212-

wal

272-

The

waswalwail alivealivialibi with machinemacbin.macbinJacobin. guns.gunsgun.gun. ., In the 28th Infantry zonelonezone-

of

zo-ne

lone-

of

lon-

ezone-

of

zo-neof attackattaok , there waswalwail firstf1rlt a deep , narrow valley to bebe-

crossed

de-

creased

be-

oro..ed

bo-

rrowed

be-

crossed

de-

creasedcrossedoro..edoroedborrowed. . on the northern edgeedseese of which the enemy had aa-

sixteen.

s-

ixteensixteen-sixteen.lxte.n--.lxte.n--sixteen.sixteen.- - sixteenF-

rom

sixte-

en

..lxte.n-

I

.lxte.nF-

rom

. -. *-.

c

. . . . . . . . . . . ' , . ' . . . . .

small trenchtrenoh system.systemsytem.sytem, ., The zone of attackattaok waewaswade enfiladedenfiladedf-

romenfilade-

dtroenfilad-

edfromtrotaro Hill 212 and Hill 240.240. To the north Hill 272 againagain-

dominated

aban-

donmentagain-

dominated

aban-

donmentagain-

dominated

aban-

donmentdominated thiethisthief tone.tonelone.lonezone.zone. In the l8th18th Infantry zone of action ,

first and foremost Hill 240 had to be taken.taken. When it waswas-

taken

wa-

stagewas-

taken

wa-

stagewas-

taken

wa-

stagetaken , the whole northern elopeslope waswalwail under observation fromfrom-

thatfr-

othfrom-

thatfr-

othfrom-

thatfr-

oththat damnable Hill 272 , which absolutely dominated thethe-

groundth-

ereonthe-

groundth-

ereonthe-

groundth-

ereonground over which the Division had to attack.attack. On the left ,

what remained of the 16th Infantry grimlygrilnlygrill held on whilewhile-

thewhi-

lewhile-

thewhi-

lewhile-

thewhi-

lethe enemy kept a rain ofo f artillery pouring down on themthem-

from

therm-

oform

them-

trom

Tex-

tron

them-

from

therm-

oformfromtromtromp the heightsheightaheight ofo f the ArgonneJargoned Forest.ForestFore.t.ForetFloretForest.-

The

Fore-st

Fore.t.-

The

Forge-

tter

. .,

The DivisionDiYision order providedproviProvo ed that the artillery firefire-

heavy

free-

wayfire-

heavy

free-

wayfire-

heavy

free-

wayheavy concentrationsconcentrationaconcentration between the line of departure andand-

the

ant-

hem

and-

the

ant-

hem

and-

the

ant-

hemthe first objective from H minusminul 15 minutesminute.minute. to H hour.hour., AtA-

tthat

At-

hwart

A-

tthat

At-

hwart

A-

tthat

At-

hwartthat time a rolling barrage was to proceedpreceed the infantryinfantry-

atinfantr-

yat the rate of 100 meters in 4 minutes.minutesminutea.minuteaminute., While the InfantryInfantry-

waitedInfa-

ntryInfantry-

waitedInfa-

ntryInfantry-

waitedInfa-

ntrywaited fortortore two hours on the firstfir.tfirt. objectiveobjectiye , the artilleryartillery-was

artilleryw-

aaartille-

rywaswaaWada to place heavy concentrationsconcentration.concentration. on the terrain betweenbetween-

the

betwe-enthe firstfir.tfirt. and second objectivesobjective.objective. and in the western edge ofof-

the

of-

ten

of-

the

of-

ten

of-

the

of-

tenthe BoisBoil de Money.MoneyMonty.Monty. The same rolling barrage was to bebe-

placed

re-

placed

be-

plaoed

be-

labored

be-

placed

re-

placedplacedplaoed in front ofor the infantry as in the advance to thethe-

firstth-

eirsthe-

firstth-

eirsthe-

firstth-

eirsfirst objectiveobjective.*. The samelame method ofo f employing the artil-lery

artilartil-artilyartil-lery

artil-lery

¬-.leryleery waewaswade to be usedu.eduedcued. iniD advancingivaDoinginvadinga < to the 3rd objective.objectiveobjective.-

The

objecti-ve

objob ective.ectiveactive.

The DivisionDivilion attack order alsoa180 prescribedpre.a.ibedpreaibedpreechibedprevailedreechoed. . that twotwo.two-

companies

w-oodman

two-

.compani.

two-

.companies

.

companiescompani.companicompanied. . of the 26th Infantry attack due eastealtdealt and taketake-

theta-

ketake-

theta-

ketake-

theta-

kethe westernwe.ternwetern. edge ofo f thtthethat BoisBole de Money.MoneyKonoy.KonoyMonoyKookyMonody., The CommandingCommandinsCommandin-

gGeneral

Comma-nding

Commandin-

sGeneral

Comma-nding

Commandin-

gGeneral

Comma-ndingGeneral of01 the 2nd Brigade waswalwail given the divisiondiviaion reservere.ervereervereserve-

battalionres-

ervere.erve-

battalionreserve-

battalionres-

erve.

battalion of the 26th Infantry and he waswalwail ordered to have'bay.bay'have'bay-

.that

bay-

that

bat-

hmat

'have-

that

have-

that

har-vest

'have-

that

har-vest

.that battalion and the battalion of thetb 28th Infantry inin-

brigade

in-

ebriate

in-

brigade

in-

ebriate

in-

brigade

in-

ebriatebrigade reserver.l.rY'erlrYelyre. . ' , pass. 'II' through the assault. . .aultaultSault. battalionsbattalion.battalion. ofof-

his

oa-

fish

of-

his

oa-

fish

of-

his

oa-

fishhis brigadebrigacSe at thethe'', firstfiz-atfizatfizz- objectiveobJob ectiY'eectiYeectype' and makelDatlat e the attackattaok onon-

the

M-

onte

on-

the

M-

onte

on-

the

M-

ontethe second.econ4econ4. objective.objectiveobjeotive.,

---seventeen---seventeen.vent.en---.vent.enseventeen--vent-. - - seventeen-

small

sevent-

een

...vent.en-

c

vengeanc-

e

.vent.en-

small

. - - -.

\

The results of thethe'the-thedays'thedaysheydays'- days'days' fighting were to etraigi-etraigistraigibetrayingstrafingetraigi-

ten

straigh-

tenetraidetrain 1"11"-

ten1-

ten

-"

ten the line and to widen the wedge already driven.drivendriven.-

Againdri-

vendriven.-

Againdri-

vendriven.-

Againdri-

ven.

Again , it was the close mutual support of infantry ,

machine guns and artillery whichwhioh permitted the advanceadvance-

toadvan-

ceto be made.mademade.-

The

man-

date

made.-

The

man-

date

made .,

The Corps had orderedrdered the Division to assist thethe-

advance

he-adache

the-

advance

he-adache

the-

advance

he-adacheadvance of the division on the right , now the 32nd DivDiv-Di-

vision

Di-

vision

Di-

vision

¬-

isionvision , so the Division CommanderCommaader ordered the CommandingCommandin-

gOfficerComma-

ndingCommandin-

gOfficerComma-

ndingCommandin-

gOfficerComma-

ndingOfficer , 26th InfantryInfantry.,. to send a patrol throught.hrough. thethe-

Boie

the-

ories

the-

Bois

the-

ories

the-

Bois

the-

oriesBoieBoisBoise de MoneyYoncyYoon towards Hill 269 , when he had taken thethe-

Frae

th-ere

theF-

me.

the-

methe-

Fme

the-

meFraeFmeFrameFameFme.FmeFame,. d'Arietal.dArietalArletal.Arletalparietald'd' . This was done and the patrol managedmanaged-

in

manag-

edin some accountable manner to reach Hill 269.269., It rere-

ported

re-rere-

ported

re-

ported

¬-

ported the hill unoccupied , so80 a platoon of twenty fourfour-

men

fora-

men

four-

men

fora-

men

four-

men

fora-

menmen were sent to occupy it.it. AsAI a matter ofot fact , thethe-

reporttel-

eportthe-

reporttel-

eportthe-

reporttel-

eportreport that the hill was unoccupiednoccupied was partly incorrect.incorrectincorrect.-

Thisincorr-

ectincorrect.-

Thisincorr-

ect.,

This hill consisted ofoto f a ridge running east and west.westwelt.weltwest ., OnO-

nthe

M-

onte

O-

nthe

M-

onte

O-

nthe

M-

ontethe ridge there were three knolls , the westernmost thethe-

lowest

he-

lloesthe-

lowest

he-

lloesthe-

lowest

he-

lloeslowest and the easterneaetern onoone the highest.highest., The westernwestern-

knollwest-

ernwestern-

knollwest-

ernwestern-

knollwest-

ernknoll was unoccupied but the others were held.held. As thethe-

crestth-

ereatthe-

crestth-

ereatthe-

crestth-

ereatcrest and sides8ide8 ofot the hill were heavily wooded , it waswas-

only

wan-

tonly

was-

only

wan-

tonly

was-

only

wan-

tonlyonly natural that the 26th Infantry believed thatthai itii hadha-

dall

hand-

ball

ha-

dall

hand-

ball

ha-

dall

hand-

ballall of the hill.hill., However , this platoonlatoon greatly confusedcontusedconfused-

the

contused-

theconfus-

edcontus-

edthe enemy , as hishi.hi. line in frontIrontIron of the 32nd DivisionDivision-

wae

Division-

was

Divisi-onwaewaswade severaleeveral hundred metersmeter.meter. south of Hill 269 and iteitaitsbiteKitaite-

partialthe-

atricalita-

partialinte-

rpretable

its-

partialts-

arinapartial occupation probably savedaavedcaved a costlycOltlycoolly attack.attackattack.-

The

atta-ck

.,

The DivisionD ,.Yia1onYia1on.yisionyisionvision. Commanderommand.rommandrC . promptly requestedrequeaieeSequalizes , on OcO-

ctober

00-00Oc-Oc0-

0tob.r

0-

0tobrO-

ctober

¬-

tobertob.rtobrTibertomb. 6th , that the 32nd Division relieve the garrisongarri80ngarrison-

on

garri80n-

on

garriso-non Hill 269.269. Both the V, CorpeCorpsCopeOrplCorp Commander and the 32nd32n-

dDivision

32nd-

Di'l.I1011

32nd-

DilI1011

32n-

dDivisionDivisionDi'l.I1011Dil.I1011DilI1011' :!. OommanderomllanderCommanderHollanderC refusedretuaedretied to believeb.liev.bliev. . that the letlitlot DiviDiyDivi-DivDivi-

sion

Divi-

sion

:!. ¬.-

sionlionscion had taken the hill.hill., The DivisionDiyis10n Commander thenthen-

made

hen-

naed

then-

lIade

Athe-

nian

then-

made

hen-

naedmadelIadelade a personalperaonal appeal to the ArmyAnayAna CommanderCOllmaneS.rCOllmaneSrCollimates. , GeneralGeneral-

Pershing

Gene-ralizes

Genera-

lPerlhinlGe-

neralGeneral-

Pershing

Gene-ralizesPershingPerlhinlPerishingBerlin , and on the night of01 October 6th6tb-1th6tb1th- 7th? th , a battalionbattaliCBbattaliCB.-

nineteen.

battalion-

Mani

battali-

on-ManiManiMania-. nineteen--nineteen-.nineteen..nineteen.- . note en.-en.-. -. *. i! ';i.i.

_ . _.JJJJ._ _ jJjJ-

The

j-

ute

H hour was fixed at 6.306306,30., A.M.AMA.MA.M-

.The

A.-

M.. .,

The let1st Battalion ofo f the 26th Infantry was againagain-

inagai-

nin assaultaS8ault but after heavy losses in taking Hill 212 , itit-

was

vi-

tasit-

was

vi-

tasit-

was

vi-

taswas necessary at that time to pass the 3rd BattalionBattalion-thru

Battalio-nth

Battali-onthruth r'JrJru' it.it. This'l'hilhihi' ' wasWEiSWeiss, done and the firstf1 rstrest objectiveobjob ectihectic ve was takentaken-

on

take-n

taktack enen-

on

ten-

onon time.time., In advancing to the second objective , the 3rd3rd-

Battalion3rd-

Battalion.

Battalion had a difficultditfioult time due to the strongstrngstring, ) pointspoints-

of

points-

ot

poin-tsofot the Fme.FmeFrne.FrneFameFranceFmeFame ., d'ArietaldArietald'ArietdArietparietaldriest' .11. and in the westernvresternveteran edge of thethe-

3ois

the-

ois

theo-

ries

the-

Bois

the-

ories3oisBoisoisLois de Money.Money. These strong points were taken by inin-

filtrationin-inin-

filtrationin-

filtration¬-

filtration andflndfind byb ' direct easterneaetern attackatta.ck. ofar two companiescompanies-

on

compani-eson the BoieBoisBoise de Money aeaf the division order had prescribprescrib-prescribeprescrib-ed

re crib-cribcrib-

e

scrib-

e

¬-

ede d ,. FurtherFu rt her advancea d van c e was impossibleimp 0 S sib 1 e duedu e totottheh e heavyheavy-

machine

hay-making

hheavy-

machine

hay-making

e a v yy-

machine

m-

achinemachine gun fire fromtromtromp Hill 272.272. So the 3rd BattalionBattalion-

dug

Battali-ondug in on the line southernsousoul the rn edge ofo f Le Petit Bois-Fme.BoisFme.Bois-FmeFmeFameBoisFme-

.dfArietal

BoisFme-

.d'ArietalBoisFm-

edArietal

- .,

dfArietald'ArietaldArietalArietaldeferentialparietald'd' , and well'.RR. ; E: 11 into theth e BoieBoisBoise de MoneyMoney.Money-

.The

Moo-ney

!!. 0 n 0 Y ,.

The 33rdrd BattalionB st, t l ion t, 8th28th? InfantryIn rant ry met stubborns tubboturbo rn rere-

sistancere-rere-

eistan

re-

sistant

re-

sistance

¬-

sistanceeistandistanceinstantce fromtromtromp the starttarts but by infiltration and purepure-

courage

pro-

curable

pure-

courage

pro-

curable

pure-

courage

pro-

curablecourage , it advancedadvancAd to the OrestcrestRest of Hill 240240.240,. The 2nd2n-

dBattalion

2n-

dBattalion

2n-

dBattalionBattalion , which had been in Brigade reserve , made thethe-

assaulthe-

adsailthe-

assaulthe-

adsailthe-

assaulthe-

adsailassault on the second objective.objective., However , the fire fromfrom-

Hill

foo-

thill

from-

Hill

foo-

thill

from-

Hill

foo-

thillHill 22272? was so deadly that it was forcedtorcedtorched to dig inin-

along

in-

haling

in-

along

in-

haling

in-

along

in-

halingalong the northernnQrth&rnnQrthrn& base ofot Hill 240.240240-

.The

240-

The

240-

.The

240-

The

240 .,

The 3rd Battalion ofot the l8th18th Infantry again climbrc1imbclimb-climbclimberclimbr-

ed

climb-

ed

c1imb-

ad

climb-

ed

-

edad Hill 240 , A fresh enemy battalion was defending it ,

The attack became a large number of small fightstights andand-

the

ant-

hem

and-

the

ant-

hem

and-

the

ant-

hemthe issueiseuesegue was kill or be killed.killed., The enemy garrisongarrison-

was

garris-onwas simply annihilated.annihilated., The advance on the 2nd objecobJeo.obJeoobjec-objectOberonobjec-

tiveobJeo-

.tive

objec-

tiveobjec-

tive

¬.-

tivetie waswa.wa. stopped by the enemy machine gunsgun.gun. on Hill 2227222-

and

2727-

and

272-

and

?

and the battalion dug in1n along the northern base ofot Hill- ' ' - - ' ' with thth.16'ihth.16ihth16ihtha'l'6chthal6ch' l6ch' ' :rafGraf' '- thethe-thelefthelmethe'he'- leftl'e'ttlettlet' ' . - . - . . . , , - . . "- --- . ' .240240-2240'o'onnectin'g240oonnectingO ,; 'c'cconnecting'o'onnectin'goonnecting-nn-eciinnecii'c'nneciicnneciiHeidiconnection g'gg'upgupgulpup *. : ; InfantryIn'iantry-In'iantryIniantryIn'iantryatiIniantryatiatry'atryarty anQUati

t

' and the 28th InfantryInfInfo ntryentry on the right.rightrigbt.; The l6th16th InfantryIntantryIntantry-

made

Infant-ryr

Infantry-

manInfan-

tryInfantry-

(78)lotInfantr-

y78lotr

(78)1781(7878(78)lot78lot( )lltliltit Div , made no advance.advance., (78)78(78)-Hlit.

78-Hlit

(78)-Hilt

78-Hilt

( )

Hlit.HlitHilt.HiltLit., ptP.Pp .,195202.19520219'-202.19202.19'19202.X95.202.X95202.X95202'*-. . . . ..-. eighteen--eighteen.eighteen-.eighteeneighteen-

(78

eighteen-

78

.eightee-

nH

eighte-

en

- -.. . . .- ' -- --

4

of the 32nd Division , marching thru the zone of01'01' actionaction-

of

actio-nof the 1stlot Division , relieved this gallant platoon.platoonplatoon-

.(79)Personalplatoon-

79Personal.,

(79Personal79Personal(79)Personal(79Personalk-nowledge.


(7979( {) PersonalPersonal-knowledgePers-onal (79)79(79)-k

79-k

( )knowledge.knowledgeknowledge-.1stknowledge-1stk n owl edge.edgeedge-.let

edge-less

.,1stlet Div.DivDiv-.Hist.

Div-.Hiat.

Div-.Hist

Div-vies

. OCTOBEROCTOBPR 6-3.63.63.6..8.68.6863.-

The

63-

The

6..8-

.The

68-

The

6.6-.. 8 .,Hist.HistHiat.HiatHeistHat., p.201p201. ;

FarrelFarrell , p.p. The Divisionivision was ordered to hold its line on OctoOcto-Octo.OctOcto-

ber

Octo-

ber

Octo-

.ber

Octo-

ber

¬-.51.515-

1.(8olst

5-

18olst

51-

.(80)lsi

5-

180lsi

.berbeer 6th.6th. ThisThilThinly does not meanme a.nan. thatih at, the fronttronttrot was quiet.quietquiet.-

Attempts

quiquiet.-

Attempts

at.atat-

.Attempts

.

Attempts were madeadeSade to push patrols to the front and toto-

advance

T-

orrance

to-

advance

T-

orrance

to-

advance

T-

orranceadvance by infiltration againsta ainstvainest Hill 272 , but all movemove-mov-

ements

mov-

ements

mov-

ements

¬-

mentsaments were checked by the enemy.enemy. TheTh e 3rd3 rd BattalionB ai t a1 ion ,

26th InfantryIntatltryInitiatory , whilewh i 1 attempting to flank1'111' ankYank Hill 272 ranran-

into

an-

oint

ran-

into

an-

oint

ran-

into

an-

ointinto a large body of enemyen emyEmmy troops.troopst ro op II.II. Hard fightingfightinS rere-

sulted

re-rere-

sul

re-

sult

re-

sulted

¬-

sultedsiltedsulsoul t ed but the enemy was defeatedteatedtreatedde and the ground gainedgained-

was

gained-

wal

gain-edwaswalwail held.held. The 1stlItlot EngineersbeganEngineerabeganEngineerebeganEngineersEngineerEngineered the construction ofotof-

a

ot-

a

sof-

aa defensive position along the ChaudronCauldron Fme.-SerieuxFme.SerieuxFameSherrieFme.SerieuxF-

me.

FmeFame ., - SerieuxSherrieSerieuxF-

moSherr-

ieFme.FmeFameFmoMo ., line.lineline.-

The

lin-netline.-

Th

linn-

et.,

TheTh e artilleryart ill eryvery had continually been displaceddilplaced forfor-for-

ward

for-

ward

for-

ward

¬-

ward with the advance and during the day some ofo f it gotgot-

w

got-

as

g-ot

goa-

ts44-

asw-

(8olst8olst(80)lsi80lsi(8080( ) l st Div.DivDiv-.Hist.p.

Div-.Hilt.p.

Div ., asae fartar north asal La NeuvillNevilleNeuville-le.ComteNeuvillele.ComteNevillee-le-CeleCa-le-ComtealeComteComate- -. orate Fme.FmeFameFmeFame ., (80)80(80)-

On

80-On

( )Hist.p.HistpHilt.p.HiltpHeistHilt., .,202-203.202203.202203.202.203.202203202.203-. ., On the morning of01'01' October 6th , the Division ComCom--Com-

mander

Com-

mander

Com-

was

Co-mas

¬-

mandermaundermande-

rfeasabilitywas asked by the CorpsCorp.Corp. his opinion as to thethe-

feasabilitythe-

tealabilityfeasabilitytealabilityfeasibilitytaxability of having the 82nd Division enter thetbetube tonelonezonetone-

of

ton-

elone-

of

lon-

ezone-

of

zon-

eof the 1stlet DivisionDiYieion and having it attack northwestnorthweatnorthwest-

againstnorth-

westnorthwea-

tagainstnorth-

eastnorthwest-

againstnorth-

westagainst the ArgonneJargoned on the morning ofot October 7th.7th., TheTh-

eDivision

Te-

levisionTh-

eDivil10n

Th-

eDivision

Te-

levisionDivisionDivil10n Commander statedetatedtatted that the plan was feasibleteasiblefeasible-

but

teasible-

but

feasib-lebut advisedadvaii4edadv .eded. that it would be better to delay the attackattack-

twenty

attra-ctant

attack-

twenty

attra-ctant

attack-

twenty

attra-ctanttwenty fourtour hours.hourshouri.hourihori. HisHieHide reasonsrea80ns fortortore advisingadvil1ng delay werewer-

ethat

swee-

theart

wer-

ethat

swee-

theart

..rere. .r-

ethat

re-

heatthat there waswalwail no opportunity for the 82nd DivisionDivillonDillon toto-

make

T-

amae

to-

make

T-

amae

to-

make

T-

amaemake a proper reconnaissancereconnail.ancereconnailance. especiallyelpecially ofot fordstordetore acrossacrolaarcolaacross-

theacro-

ssacrola-

theacrol-

ithacross-

theacro-

ssthe AireA1rlAires RiverRi..erRierBrier... and that the 82nd DivisionDivi.lorlDivilorlDivisor. would have toto-

make

T-

amae

to-

make

T-

amae

to-

make

T-

amaemake a forced march to getie'ie' into position.positionpo 1tloft.1tloft.,

--twenttwenttwenty- twenty--twenty-.twenty.twenty-. -. twenty-

of

twen-

ty

, -. -.*..

;

'\. --- . " .

_ --... --...- .- -.... . ... . .." ., , -

The high command decided that it waswaewade necessarynecessary-

tonecessa-

ryto attack on October 7th.7th? th.th. The 82nd Division enteredentered-

theenter-

edthe zone on the night ofot October 6-7676..76.767-.. , andan under thethe-

supportingtel-

eportingthe-

supportingtel-

eportingthe-

supportingtel-

eportingsupporting fire ofot artillery ( the 6th Field ArtilleryArtillery-assisted

Artil-lery

Artillery-assisted

Artil-lery

Artillery-assisted

Artil-leryassisted ) it successfullylIucot3ssfully! attacked the line Chatel-ChatelChatll.ChatllChatel.ChattelChantillyChatel-

CheheryHillChatll-

.ChlheryHill

-.Chehery-HillCheheryHillChlhery-HillChlheryCheeryCholer- 244.244., This action outflankedouitlanked thethlhl ArgonneJargonedArgonn-

eForest

Jarg-oned

Argonn-

eForeat

Jarg-oned

Argonn-

eForest

Jarg-onedForestForeatForecast and stoppedItoppedTopped the severeI.vereIvereDiverge. galling enemy enfiladeenfilade-

fireenfila-

deenfilade-

fireenfila-

deenfilade-

fireenfila-

defire that the 16th Infantry had endured since OctoberOctober-

4th.

October-

4th

October-

(81)Personal

Octobe-

r81Personal(3lPersonal3lPersonal(81)Personal81Personal(3lPersonalk-nowledge.

3lPersonalk-nowledge

( a 1 ) Per son a1a1-k

4th.4th4th ., (81)81(81)-

One

81O-

ne(81)-

One

81O-

ne(81)-

knowledge81k-

nowledge( )


e.(82)Penonal

knowledg-

e82Penonal

k n owl e dg e.e.,One of the missionsmissionlmission f0rf.rfrfor. which the BirisionaiYisionllivisionAbrasionBayesianliaison hadhad-

been

had-

eanhad-

been

had-

eanbeen sent into action was now an actual accomplishment.accomplishmentacoomplishment.acoomplishmentaccomplishment.-

So

acoomplishment.-

So

accomplishmen-

ts

.,

So , on October 7th , the Division was transferred to thethe-

V

th-eV Corps to accomplish its second mission-missionmissiontomission.-mission.mission.to,. - to outflankoutflank-

theoutfla-

nkthe territory to the east which the enemy had so farfar-

successfullyf-

ascesfar-

succesltullyf-

ascesfar-

successfullyf-

ascessuccessfullysuccesltully defended.defendeddetended.detendeddependeddefended.-

The

detended.-

The

defend-ed

depend-

ed.

The zone ofot action ofot the Division wasW&8W8& changedchanged-

somewhatcha-

ngedchanged-

somewhatcha-

ngedchanged-

somewhatcha-

ngedsomewhat , so10 that the eastern boundarybODndary was the lineline-

Hill

line-

allyline-

Hill

line-

allyline-

Hill

line-

allyHill 269 - TuillerieTiller Fme.FmeFameFmeFame ., and the western boundary waswas-

the

wa-

ste

was-

the

wa-

ste

was-

the

wa-

stethe line FlevilleFlevlleFlexileLeveled! - Sommeranee.SommeraneeSommeranci.SommeranciSommeranceSomeonePomeranianSomeplace., The 181st InfantryInfantry-

BrigadeInfa-

ntryInfantry-

BrigadeInfa-

ntryInfantry-

BrigadeInfa-

ntryBrigade ofot the 91st Division , badly shaken by recentrecent-

fighting

recon-

figuring

recent-

tighting.

recon-

stituting

recent-

fighting

recon-

figuringfightingtighting.tightinglighting,. waswalwail attachedaitached to thethlhl Division.DivisionDivision.-

During

Divis-ion

Division.-

During

Divis-ion

Division.-

During

Divis-ion

.

During thethlhl night of October 7-8781.818-. , the 1stlet BattalionBaitalionBattalion-

16th

Baitalion-

16th

Battalion-

16th16th InfantryIn rant ry.ry,. in divisiondiv11ion reserver.erverervereprove, . , was moved northIt 0 rthRoth toto-

the

t-ote

to-

the

t-ote

to-

the

t-ote(82)Penonal82Penonal(82)Penonalk-

nowledge82Penonalk-

nowledge(8282( ) PIPersonalPersonal-

knowledgePers-onalrlonalRonaldrlonalI-t

localit-y

the southernlouthernLutheran edgeedgledgily ofot Hill 240.240. The machinemac hineRhine gun comcom-com-

pany

ccom-

pany

011-01101-

1pany

¬-knowledgeIt n 0-1'1'101'01- ' d i I *.,andand-Captainada-ptationand-Captainada-ptationand-Captainada-ptation

panypanky ofoto f the 1stletlot battalion l6th16th InfantryfantrygantryIn was returned toto-

itsti-

tsto-

itlt-

oil

to-

itsti-

tsCaptainCaptain-HelseiyCapta-inciesCaptain-HillelCaptai-nshipCaptain-HelCaptai-nedHelseiyHillelHenleyHilledHelHeel selyshelly)' itsitlil battalion on that night.night., It had been useduledruled by thethe-

lethel-

met

th-elit

the-

istthe-

lothe-

lotletlitlot Brigade onOD machine gun missions.(82)missions.82missions82mil.1onl.(82)mil1onl.82mil1onl82missions.(82)-

Itmissions82-

Itmil.1onl.(82)-

Itmil1onl82-

Itmissions. ., (8282( )

It wasW.IWI. newnow necessarynecI.larynecIlaryancillary. fortortore the DivisionD1Yilion to again taketake-

over

take-

OYlr

ta-ke

take-

overoverOYlrColor HillHl11 269 , So , the 1stlitlet Battalion , 1stlitlot EngineersEng1nelrl ,

with oneonlonly company ofoto f thethlhl 1st Machine Gun Battalion atai-aiat-atai-

iaehlda-

viateat-

tached

*-

taehediaehldtachedteedDiehlached , waewalwaswadewail directeddirleted to take it orer.orerOYlr.OYlrover.overborerColor.

--.tw'Diy.tw'DiytwDiy---twentytwentytawdrily- - .- twenty' one---oneone-

a

Oneg-

a

on.on.-. -. -. *.

'II.11'..1I1I

I

. \ tt-

After

A-

fter

,I

After a long , dreary nightni6ht march in1n a heavy rainrain-

and

rain-

edrain-

and

rain-

edrain-

and

rain-

edand over unfamiliar groundaround , the Battalion made thethe-

relief.eth-

erealthe-

relief.eth-

erealthe-

reliefeth-

erealrelief.relief., The next morning , it was discovereddilcovered that thethe-

enemy

He-

nleythe-

enemy

He-

nleythe-

enemy

He-

nleyenemy was holding the two eastern knollsknolll inn force.force., TheTh-

eBattalion

Te-

arstainTh-

eBattalion

Te-

arstainTh-

eBattalion

Te-

arstainBattalion Commander , displaying praiseworthy aggresaggres-agreesaggres-

siveness

aggres-

eivenesl

aggres-

siveness

aggres-

siveness

¬-

sivenesseiveneslInvernessevenness , at once decided to attack.attack. HisHilPhil plan ofotof-

attack

fa-

tback

ot-

&ttack

o-

tttack

of-

attack

fa-

tbackattack&ttackttacktack& was tacticallytaotically sound80und and the Engineers withoutwithout-

automaticwit-

houtwithout-

automaticwit-

houtwithout-

automaticwit-

houtautomatic riflesrltlellittle and grenadesgrenadelgrenade , attacked with the bay-baybay-

onet

bay-

8

bay-

onet

- .

onetMonet and took all of0o rf the hill.hill. Not only that , but theythey-

held

thre-

shed

they-

held

thre-

shed

the-y(83)Farrel

the-y83Farrel(83)Farrel83Farrel(),( 8 3 ) ra rre 1 , held itit.it,. (83)83( ) In so doing theyth y lived up to the highesthighes-

ttraditions

highest-t

highestp-. highes-tP.P. 53.53,3.3.35-

3.(83)lt

5-

383lt

, .traditionst rad i t ion S of0o f theirthe i r CorpsCorpsananddotofo f the 1st1 s t Division.DivisionDivision.-

The

Divisi-on

D i visAvis ion.ionion.-

The

in-ter

.,

The 26th Infantry while.hilahilaHilda. preparing tot o attack Hill272 on the afternoon of October 3th8th discovered twotwo-

bodies

wo-

odiest

two-

bodies

wo-

odiest

two-

bodies

wo-

odiestbodies of enemy troops , one Just south of Hill 263 andand-

the

ant-

hem

and-

the

ant-

hem

and-

the

ant-

hemthe other just north of HillHl11 272.272212.212., They were.ereere. apparentlyapparently-

gettingappare-

ntlyapparently-

gettingappare-

ntlyapparently-

gettingappare-

ntlygetting ready to counter attack.attack. The 26th InfantryInfantry-

assistedInfa-ntryInfantry-

alsistedInfa-ntryInfantry-

assistedInfa-ntryassistedalsisted by machine gun and artillery fire broke upup-

thesebu-

tchesu-

p(83)1It

u-

p831It

up-

thesebu-

tchesthese bodiesbodie.bodiebodice. , but the regiment waswalwail unable to resume itsit.itits-

maneuver

mis-

conceiver

it.-

maneuver

its-

(83)lstits-

83lst.

(83)lt83lt(83)1It831It(83)lst83lst( ) § Div.DivDiveDiv-.Hiit.

Div-.Hi.t.

. maneuver against Hill 272.272. (83)83(83)-

The

83T-

he(83)-

The

83T-

he(83)-

Hi83-

Hi( )

Hiit.HiitHi.t.HitHi st. ., p.p.204.204204 ., The three daysdaYIdaY of October 6-8686.868-. were a nightmare toto-

the

t-ote

to-

the

t-ote

to-

the

t-otethe 1stlit DivisionDivision.,. The enemy shelled the rear areas so10so-

hisaviLy

S-

ophia10-

h.aviLy1-

0haviLy

so-

helaviLy

S-

heilahisaviLyh.aviLyhaviLyhelaviLythirstilyheavily. that the Fieldrieldriled HospitalsH08pital.H08pital. at CheppyChoppy had to bebe-

movedfurther

be-

movedturther

be-

movedfurthermovedfurthermovedturther south.outhouth. ; all ravinesravinelravine were gassedgalled , hishilPhil machinemachine-

guns

mach-ine

machine-

guns

mach-ine

machine-

guns

mach-ineguns and trench mortars were never silent.silentlilent.lilentclient. At night thethe-

lone

He-

lene

the-

lone

He-

lene

the-

zone

thr-

onelonezone ofo f actionactiDnacting waswaewade an awe inspiringinlpiring sight.sightlighi.lighiLeigh. Signal rookrtot.rtotrook-trotrtot.-

etaRos-

etta

rook-

etcBro-

oke

*.-etsetaetcbets ofot all colorscolor.color. werew.rewreware. in the air ; woodswoodewooded were.ereere. on firetirstir, ,.

ammunition dumpsdump.dump. exploded ; and the flashestlalh.stlalhslaths. of the artilartil-artilyartil-lery

artil-lery

artil-lery

¬-

leryleery lighted the heavsns.heavsnsheav.n.heavnheavensheaven. . ., Hill 240 waswa.wa. a cloudoloudaloud ofot smokeImokesmok-

eduring

smol-

deringImok-

eduring

Mol-dering

smok-

eduring

smol-

deringduring theth'th', dayda)' ; andaadad&.dd. a pillar of firefir.fir. at night.nightnishinisi._ HeH.H. gotgo"go", asas-

good

pa-

goda

as-

good

pa-

goda

. .good as. . he sentI.ntIntDint. though.thoughthouSh.thouShthou. The artillery of the DivisionDtYi.ioDDtYiioDDtvisionTypifiedDivision-

concentrated

DtYi.ioD-

cono.ntrat.dDtvision-

oonoentrated

.concentratedcono.ntrat.dconontratdoonoentrated. . on Hill 272 and tonston.ton. ofo f metal were.rere.. thrownthrown-

twenty

thr-

own

thrown-

iwenty

trans-

iently

thrown-

twenty

thr-

own---twentytwenty---iwentyiwenty- - - two---twotwo--two'-

I

two-

I

tw-

o

two.two-.. -. -.

616-

1(84)Personal

6-

184Personal

.

on it.it. Prisoners later reported that the artilleryartillery-had

artille-ry

artillartily ryry-

had

dr-

yadhad cut theth e lines1 in e I of communicationmmunicationimmunizationc on the hill andan d thatthat-

the

thatc-

hed

that-

the

thatc-

hed

that-

the

thatc-

hed(84)Personal84Personal(84)Personalk-nowledge.


(84)Personal-k

84Personal-k

( 84 ) Per 80 n alal-knowledge.

ac-

knowledgethe garrisongarrignarr on waswalwail practically cut offof ! on October 8th.(84)8th.848th848th.(84)O-

CTOBER

8th84OC-

TOBER

88th.(84)O-

CTOBER

8th84OC-

TOBER

th . ( 8 4 )knowledge.knowledgeknowledge-

.(85)F

knowledg-

e85F

k n owl a dgedoge .,OCTOBER 9TH.9TH9TH.-

On

9TH-

On

9TH.-

On

9TH-

On

.,

On October 8th8th.8th,. an order was receivedrecrecd iveddived fromtromtromp the VV-

Corps

C-

orpsV-

Corp

C-

orpV-

Corps

C-

orpsCorpsCorpI.I,. fortortore aagegeneraln e ralUral attackat t ac k on0 n October0 c t 0 b e r 9th.9th9 t h ., TheTh e CorpsCorpCorps-

gave

Cors-age

Corps-

gave

Cors-age

II-

gay.

G-

aygavegay.gay. the Division , with the l8lst1818t181st Infantry Brigade atat-

tached

ateate-

tached

att-

ached*

tachedached , the missionmi81ion ofot helping the 32nd DivisionDivi8ion on theihehethe-

righthe-

ightihe-

righthe-

ightthe-

righthe-

ightright by attacking in a. slightly northeasterlynorthea.terlynortheaterly. direction ,

(85)F85F( 85 ) F 0.49let049leto,49leto49let0.49let-Div.ft

049let-Divft

o.oo,49let-Div

o49let-Div

., 4 ,1st1st,1st-Div.

1st-Div

, thus cleaning up LeLa petit BoleBoilBois and the BoleBois dedo Romagne.RomagneRomanceRomagne.(8SRomagne.8SRomagne8SRomagne(85)Romagne85Romagne(85)-

The

Romagne85-

The

., ( 85 })Div.ftDivftDiv.DivDriftDiv ., !& letlit1stlet-Div.

flee-ted

litD-iv.

lift-ed

1st-DivDiv.DivDiv ., HistHeistHilt.HiltHilt.-p.

Hillto-p

,. The Division was in a bad state to make any furfur-fur-

ther

fur-

ther

!ur-urur-

therfu-

rther

¬-P.P. 439.43943-

9.(86)Personal

43-

986Personal

.therether attacks.attacksattack.attack. . CasualtiesCalualtielCalculative had been exceedingly heavy ;

the DivisionDivsiDDDivided! was.aaaa. tired ; the only two freshtrelhTel unitsunitlunit in itit-

were

int-

erred

it-

were

int-

erred

it-

were

int-

erredwere the let1st Battalion , 16th Infantry , and the 2nd2n-

dBattalion

2n-

dBattalion

2n-

dBattalionBattalion , let EngineersEngineerl.EngineerlEngineerEngineerl.-

The

Engine-er

,.

The DivisionDivAlionDialing Commander was fullytully awareware of thesetheletheethese-

facts

tesse-

llates

thele-

tactlteet-

otalthese-

facts

tesse-

llatesfactstactltact and further that the hardest tasktalk ofot all waswatswatwas-

ahead

wa-

shedwat-

ah

swa-

th

was-

ahead

wa-

shedaheadah e adoofo tf him-himhimthehitherhim , -". the takingtat in g of0o f the redoubtablere d 0 u b tab Ie Hill 27227 2.22-

.In

2-

In

,.

In addition , hiehishide artillery strength8trength was very weak forfor-

an

or-

an

for-

an

or-

an

for-

an

or-

anan attack sucheuchouch asal this.thisthil.thilthinlythis.-

Under

thil.-

Under

phil-

ander

this.-

Under

.

Under thesethe.ethee. conditionscondition.condition. he decided to employ hishis-

lastchil-

iastic

hihis-

lastchil-

iastic

,

lastlaltlat infantryintantry reserverl.erYlrlerYlleery. against HillH11l 272 and to divided1Y1de hishilPhilhis-

attack

hai-

rstreak

hil-

a

Hild-

a

his-

attack

hai-

rstreakattacka tack into separateaaparat.aaparatapparatus. phasesphaleahale or operationsoperationloperation so10 that thethe-

fullth-

iefthe-

fullth-

iefthe-

fullth-

ieffull artillery strengthItr.ngtItrngtstrength'strength'atstrengthatTrent. ' at hishi , command could beb.b. emem-

ployed

em-emsm-smem-

ploYld

em-

ployed

sm-

(86)Personal

s-

m86Personal

¬-

(86)Personal86Personal(86)Personalk-nowledge


( 8 , ) P e .. a 0 n a1a1-

kployedploYldplayedploy in1n each operation , (86)86(86)-

To

86-To

(86)-knowledge

86k-nowledge

( )

knowledgek now1ed ,. *.,To oarrycarryhoary out this plan , the 1stlitlet BattalionBattalioD , l6th16thl6th-

Infantry

16th-

Infantry

16th-

InfantryInfantry , waswalwail attachedatiaohldAntioch to the l8th18th Infantry and the atat-

tack

at-atat-

tack

at-

tack

¬-

tack orderord.rordr. of the DivisionDiYillonDillon prescribedprl.cribedprlcribed. that it shouldshould-

make

sho-uld

should-

makl

sho-uld

should-

make

sho-uldmakemaklmal the attack againstas.ialtasialtbasalt. Hill 272.272272.-

Two

272-

Two

272.-

Two

272-

Two

272.-

Two

272-

Two

.

Two objectivesobject.aobjectaobject! . . were fixed.fixed., The firstfi..atfiat.. a line runrun-run-

ning

run-

ninl

run-

ning

run-

ning

¬-

ningninlMingnil north ofot Hill 272 and thethlhl secondI.condIcondIcon. a linelin.linOlin. runningrunninl justjuatjutjuat-

twenty

just-

twenty three--threethrel--threlthree-Ethelthree-

84

threl6-

1

...twentytwenty---twenty.- .- .- - -

, .

V1\V-

north

N-

orth

t

.-. ' .- . _ " , .' .. . . . . . . . .. . " " " . . . . .

northlorthcloth! of0o rf the Cote de MaldahMaidahMaltaAidaMaid ah andan d the BoisBoieBoise dode RomagneRomagnl.RomagnlRornagne.RornagneRomanceRomanFrontageRomagnl.-

The

Rornagne-

.The

Rom-an

Fronta-ge

,.The attack order describeddeecribeddecried three operationoperation.operations!. ., InIn-

the

In-

tec

In-

the

In-

tec

In-

the

In-

tecthe firstfir.tfirt. operation , the let1stlist Battalion 16th InfantryInfantry-

was

Infant-rywas tot 0 bebsbeththee spearhead! p e a rh e adooff the attackat 1.1. ac k andan d was totottaketake-

HillTak-

eshi

take-

HillTak-

eshi

ak II-

Hill

C-

hillHill 2722729, the other uniteunitaunitsunit ofot the let1st Brigade conformingconforming-

toconformi-

ngto itiitlitszitiil movementmovementa.movementamovements! .,minuteeinute.inuteinuteeminuteinducteeminutee-

Atminute-str inute.-

Atnutme-

atinutee-

Atnutme-

at.

At H pluapluspleura 22/2222the222/, the 2nd Brigade was to attack withwit-hits

with-

ieswit-

hits

with-

ieswit-

hits

with-

iesits least1ea.t1eat. fatiguedtatigued battalionsbattalion.battalion. , the battalions in brigbrig-brig-

ade

brig-

ade

brig-

ade

¬-

adeSade and division reserve being made available for thatthat-

purpose.

that-

purpo.e.

that-

purpose.purpose.purposepurpo.e.purpoe. . The relieved battalionsbattalion.battalion. were placed in brigbrig-brig.brig-

ade

brig-

ade

brig.-

ade

brig-

ade

¬-.adeSade and division reserve and ordered to reorganize atatF-

me.

bat-

men

atF-

me.

bat-

men

at-

Fme

bat-

menFme.FmeFameFmeFame ., St.St51.51. . GermainermaineGermaneromaineGe andan d FmeFameFme.FmeFame,. d'ArietaldArietalparietald'd' A ri etalfetal respectively.respectivelyr.r. spec 1.111. vilevil y.y., TheTh-

eattack

He-

artache

Th-

eattaok

Hea-

tstroke

Th-

eattack

He-

artacheattackattaok was tot o pivot on the let Battalion , 1stlot EngineersEngineers-

on

Enginee-rson Hill 269269.,. The 3361361st1 at InfantryInfaltry! on itsIteBite right waswaewade orderedordered-

to

ordere-

dto hold its position.positionposition.-

For

positi-on

.

For the letlot Brigade , the artillery was to putput-

down

put-

down

put-

downdown a barrage which was to advance at the rate of 100100-

meters

100-

meter.

100-

meter

100-

metersmetersmeter.meter. in three minutesminute.minute. for fifteenfitt.enfitten. minuteeminute.minuteminutes. , whilewhillhill inin-

ike

in-

ked

in-

tieu-

ntie

in-

the

in-

teriketietheNike valley between Hill 240 and 272 , and at the rate ofot

100 metersmeter.meter. in sixlixix minuteeminute.minuteminutes. , while the 1stlot Battalion , l6th1'6th16th1-6th16thl6th-

Infantry1'6t-

hInfantry

16th-

Infantry16th-

Infantry

'-

Infantry , climbedclimb.dclimbd. Hill 272.272272a. A rolling barragebarrag'barrag' ofo f 100100-

meters

100-

meters

100-

metersmeters in six minutes was placed in front ofot the 2nd2n42nd-

Brigade

2n4-

Brigade

2nd-

BrigadeBrigade asa.a. itsit , zone ofot actionactiQn was through woodswo04.wo04. *.,

AfterAfter.a. two hour halt on theihehe firsttirstthirst objectiveobjectiv.objectiv. , theihehethe-

2nd

ihe-

2nd

the-

2nd2nd BrigadeBriga41 was to advanceadvanolavian to the second.IoondIoondIon. objective.objectiveobjlctive., DurDur-DourDur-

ing

Dur-

ing

Dur-

ing

¬-

ingKing thisthi8 halt the artillery was tofiretofirtaffiestofu, heavy concentraconcentra-concentrateconcentra-

tions

concentra-

tionlconcentr-

ation

concentra-

tions

¬-

tionstionlionstonal in the tonelonezone of the 2nd Brigade between the firstfir.tfirtfirsta-

ndfirsth-

and

fir.ta-

neS

firesto-

nes

firsta-

ndfirsth-

and

.andaneSDanes secondleooneiLeonie objectives.objectivesobj'eotiY.objeotiYj'ectives.jectivesobjectifyjettiesobjectives.-

Brigadeobject-

ivesob j'ectives.-

Brigade

jectives-Brigade

' . . .

BrigadeBrigad.Brigad. CommandersCommanderlCommander werew.r.wr. . orderedoreieredpremiered to organiseorlanil.orlanilorganizeOran. aaddede-

fensive

dewde-

wfensive

de-

fensive

,¬.fensivefenl1Y.fenl1Yfestive. positionpOlitionspoliation on the'hehe' line-linelineHlineHilllineallyline , -. HillH ll 240 - ,. northernrthernrathern edge,4S14S1edge-

of

,4S1-

of

4S1-

of

ed-ge

,

of woodiwood.woodwoods. north ofot HillH1ll 212 at H hour.hour.,

--.twenty.twentytwenty-. -. -twenttwenttwenty-. twenty)' four--fourto\&I'-to&I'Ifour-

lorth

for-

lorn

to&I'-

1

toI-

1

to&I'-

t

toI-

t

tI-

t

to&I-

'north

toIn-

orth

tim-

othy

\& '- -.

.The secondlecond operationoperatiaDoperated waewaswade to advanceadvanc.advanc. the 1stlItlet BatBat-Ba-

ttalion

Ba-

ttali

Batt-

alion

Ba-

ttalion

¬-

taliontalontalitai 0 n , l6th16th1 6th InfantryIn tant ry.ry,. tot 0 the secondlee 0 n d objective.objective0 b j . c t i ve . AfterAfter-

completing

AtAfter-

completing

t e rr-

completing

c-

ompletingcompleting itsit.it. mission with the 2nd Brigade the artilartil.artil-artilyartil-lery

artil.-

leryartil-

leryartil-

lery

¬.-leryleery waswalwail ordered to firetire heavy concentrationsconcentration.concentration. betweenbetween-

thebetwe-

enthe firsttireitire and second objectivesobjectivelobjective in the zone of actionaction-

of

actio-n

actio-noft

acti-onofofttheh . 1stlot11 t BattalionB at t al ion.ion,. l6th16th1 6 th InfantryI n fan try for thirtyth i rt y minutesminutes-

and

minute-man

m i nut e ss-

andand then to put down a rolling barragebarrage.,. whichwhioh advancedadvanced-

atadvanc-

edat the rate of 100 meters in six minutes.minutesminute-

s.iminutes.-

The

minut-es

minut-est

.i11-

TheThe third operation was to advance the rest of thethe-

1stthe-

lethel-

met

the-

lothe-

lot1stletlot BrigadeBrizade to the second objective.objective. After the artilartil-artilyartil-lery

artil-1

artil-lery

-¬-leryleery1 e ry had placedp 1 ace d heavyhe av y concentrationscon c en t rat ion sinin itsi t e zoneZ 0 n e ofof-

action

ol-

faction

0of-

action

ol-

faction

tt-

action

t-

ractionaction fortortore thirty minutes the 1stlet BrigadeBrigade.,. lessleslloselees the 1stlItlet1st-

BattalionlIt-

Battalion.

lib-

ertarianlet-

BattalionBattalionBattalion. ,. l6th16th InfantryInfantry.,. was to advance under a rollingrolling-

barrageroll-

ingrolling-

barraroll-

ingrolling-

barrageroll-

ingbarragebarrabarr e at the rate ofot 100 meters in 6 minutes.minutesminutel.minutelminutelyminutes.-

All

minutel.-

All

minut-es

minu-te

.,

All unitsunitlunit , on reaching the second objective were toto-

organize

to-

bogganto-

organize

to-

bogganto-

organize

to-

bogganorganize in depth.depthdepth-

.Supportde-

pthsdepth-

.Supportde-

pthsdepth-

.Supportde-

pths.

Support and reserve machine gun companies were formform-form-

ed

form-

e

forme-

d

form-

ed

¬-

ede dinintot 0 battalionsbat t ali on s for overhead0 ve rh e a d fire.firefire.-

The

frot-

hed

fir.firfire. .,

The Division had in reserve , the 362nd InfantryIntantry ,

( worn out and depleteddeplet.ed. ) , the 2nd BattalionBattalion. ,. 1stlet Ei/gineersEigineersEdgin.ersEdginersEngineersgingersEdginess/ . ,

a battalionbattalion.,. rather the remnant of a battalionbattalion.,. of thethe-

26th

the-

26th

the-

26th26th Infantry and one company of the 1st MachineMaohine GunGu-

nBattalion

Un-

attainedGu-

nBattalion

Un-

attainedGu-

nBattalion

Un-

attainedBattalion ( afteratterLatter it finishedtini.hedtinihed. itsit.it. overhead firetire missionmils ion ).

The gasgal troopstroop.troop. were.ereere. ordered to firttirefirefirst thermitethermit.thermittermitehermit. con-concon-

oentrationsco-

ncentrations

con-

oentration.

con-

centration

con-

oentrationsco-

ncentrations

- '

oentrationsoentration.oentrationpenetrationspenetration. on small.mallmall. patchespatche.patchepatched. ofot woodswoodlwool and trenches nearnear-

Hilleart-

hilynear-

H111

near-

Hilleart-

hilyHillH111 16176? for 151S minutesminute.minute. preceedingproceedingpreceding H hour.hourhour.-

The

hur-ter

., ft*ft-

The

ti-

theThe CavalryCavalry.Cavalry.walCavalryC avalLaval ry'ryry'wasrywasYWCAs.' waswalwail ordered too sendlend mounted patrolspatrol.patrol. toto.to'to-

ftof-

u

to-

the

t-ote

to'-

the

to-

the

to-

te.'

fJ,#the infantryinfaniry brigadesbrigade.brigade. fortortore messengermellengermalinger duty.dutyuty.utyduty.-

The

du-ty

uty.-

Th.

.

TheTh.Th. signal.1lDal1lDal. battalion waswalwail directed to placeplaoe visual.i.ualiualdialvisual-

signalingvisua-

lizationvisual-

signalingvisua-

lization

. .i.ual-

liiDa1ing

iuall-

iiDa1ing

.signalingliiDa1ing stationsetatioDeeastside ono Hill 240 and 269 connected to thethe'the-

Division

tel-

evisionthe'-

Di.1e1oD

the-

Di1e1oD

the'-

Division

the-

Division

tel-

evision

'

DivisionDi.1e1oDDi1e1oD. ommand.oamandoamandCommandAmanda. postpo.tpot. by a series. , r1e.r1e. of relay stations.tati.ne.tatineteatime. .tati.ne.T-

he.

. ,.

TheseThe.The.. stationsetation.etationelation. werewore.' 1"1" to beb , usedu.eduedcued. tosendto.endtoendtossedtend. short messagesm..lage.mlagemage. . . toto-

thet-

ote

to-

thet-

ote

to-

thet-

otethe rearrear.rear,.---twentytwenty-t..niyt..niy-. -. - .. five-five-"five-

The

fi-

ve

f1.f1. , -. .

( $7)let7letm7$" )1st1st) lltlilt Div.DivDiy.DiyDiv-.Hist

Div-vies

Diy.-

HiD.I.-

Y.. H hourhQur waswa.wa. fixed aaa8as 8.30830. A.M.AM. . October 99.9,. 1918.1918., (88(87)87(87(87)-

Luckily

87L-

uckily( ? )

HistHeistHi It.Itst ,. p.pp .,439-42.43942.43942.439442.439-44244243942.-

aj

43942-

aj

439-439- 442.442442-

.(88)Major

44-

288Major

* ., Luckily fortortore the 1stlet DivisionDivi8ion there waswa.wa. a heavy densedenledeledense-

fog

den-se

denle-

fogde-

ledense-

fog

den-sefog on the morning of October 9th.9th., The attackattaok of the 1stlitlet1st-

Brigade

lit-Brigade

Li-

berialet-

Brigade

ret-

rogradeBrigade startedItarted on time but the battalionbattbatty lion commanderoommander of thethe-

1st

the-

1st

the-

lethel-

met1stlet BattalionBattalion.,. l6th16th InfantryInfantry.,. stated to the author that itit-

isit-

siti-

.zit-

i

it-

isit-

sisi.i. doubtful whether hishi , battalion couldoouldGould have moved ifit itit-

had

pit-

head

it-

had

pit-

head(88)Major88Major(88)Major-Ry

88Major-Ry

(8888( ) Majoraj oror-Ryder

po-

rtrayerhad not been forto I'I' theth e fog.fogtog.tog., (88)88( ) AeAsA it1 t waswalwail , the battalionbattalion-

withbattali-

onbatbattalion-

Ryderbattal-ion taltail ionion-

with

Zio-

nistRyderRy del'del' ,CaptainCaptain-Helsely.Capta-inciesCaptain-Hellely.Cap-tain with a dashdalhdahl and spiritIpirit that could not be denied , climbedclimbed-

the

climbed-

Hel

climb-ed

Helsely.HelselyHellely.HellelyHenleyShelleyHelHeel sslysly .,the steepIteep and rugged slopesIlopeeLope of the hillhill.hill,. capturedoaptured the crestore at ,

and reachedreaohed itsitlil objectiveobjeotive on timetime.time.-

Theti-

metime.-

Theti-

me*.

The attack ofo f the 2nd Battalion ofoto f the 18th InfantryInfantry-

brokeInfan-

tryInfantry-

broklInfan-

tryInfantry-

brokeInfan-

trybrokebroklbrook down under heavy machine gunIunUn firetire fromtromtromp Hill 176 andand-

concentrationsad-

ministrationsand-

concentration.

and-

concentrationsad-

ministrationsconcentrationsconcentration.concentration. ofo f enemy artillery fire in the narrow valleyvalley-

betweenval-leyvalley-

betweenval-leyvalley-

betweenval-leybetween Hill 240 and 16.16176.176? ., One companympanymany enveloped Hill 176116176-

from

116-

from

176-

fromfrom the westwelt , forcingtorcingtorching the enemy to withdraw.ithdrawithdraw. and the batbat-bat-

talionbat-

talionbat-

talion

¬-

taliontalon reached the firsttirlttilt objective on time.timetime.-

The

ti-me

time.-

The

ti-me

.,

The l6th16th Infantry on the extrsmtextremtextrasextremity left reached the firsttirlttiltfirst-objective

fire-stone

tirlto-

bjective(8ltt8ltt(8989( 89? )1st1st) lltlilt Dir.DirDiy.DiyDiv.DivDir.-Hilt.

Diy-.Hilt.

. objective on time , thothou it had severeeeverelevier losses.losses101Ie.101Ie. ., (89)89(89)-

While

89-While

(89)-

While

89-While

(89)-Hist.

89-Hist

( )

Hilt.HiltHist.HistHeist. p.pp .,208209.208209208.209.208.209208209-

.(90)Farrel

20820-

990Farrel

*. ., While the 1stlatlot Battalion , 1stlatlet EngineersIngin.erlInginerlDingier. waswaaWada organisingorganilingorganizingorganising-

for

organiling-

tororganizi-

ngfortortore the attack at 7.307301.30130. A.M.AMAM., ., the enemy launchedlaynchedlynched1a nch.dnchdinched. a heavyheavy-

counterhead-

countheavy-

counterhead-

countheavy-

counterhead-

countcounter attack on Hill 269.269., It was.aaaa. boatedbeatedbelated off after a desdea.deades-deaddes-

ptratedes-

peratedea-

.perate

des-

peratedes-

perate

.-ptrateperateprateoperate struggle.truglletruglle. and the gallant engineersengin.eraengineraengineer. were.ereere. ready to adad-

vance

ad-adadoad-

vano

ad-

vance

ado-

(90)Tarrelad-

o90Tarrel

¬-

(90)Farrel90Farrel(90)Tarrel90Tarrel( 90 ) Fa I'I' I'I' e1 , vancevanovane at H hour.hour., (90)90(90)-

Tht

90-Tht

(90)-

Thl

90-Thl

(90)-p.

90-p

( )

P.P. 55.5555-

.(9lCaptain

5-

59lCaptain

55 .,ThtThlTheThatHl 2nd BrigadeBr1gadl , under what one officer hashaaHara calledca11e4 aa-

rain

a-

rian

a-

rain

a-

rian

a-

rain

a-

rianrain ofo f artillery shellsIhellaHell and machine gun bulletsbu11eta , reachedrlachedlatchedreached-

the

rlached-

thlreach-

edlatch-

edreached-

(91)Captainreache-

d91Captain(9lCaptain9lCaptain(91)Captain91Captain(9lCaptain-Butltr.

9lCaptain-Butltr

( ' 1 )CaptainCaptain-BuillreCap-tain thethlhl firsttir.ttirttit. objectiveobjlctive , taking Hill 263 on time.timet1111.t1111. (91)91(91)-

The

91T-

he(91)-

Thl

91-Thl

(91)-Butler.

91-Butler

( )

Butltr.ButltrBuillreButler.ButlerButterBilled.TheThlHl attackattaok.attaok,. by successiveIuoola.iveIuoolaiveIolite. operationsoperation.operation. fromfrollroll right toto-

leftto-

iletto-

leftto-

iletto-

leftto-

iletleft , thenthin proceededproceedld accordingaccord1na to scheduleIchedullInched , the enemyenellYeely dede-

fense

de-dede-

tlD.e

de-

lude

de-

fense

¬-

fensetlD.etlDefenstilde. wilting.il't1nl.ilt1nlilt1nl. ' after Hill 272212 wasw.w. . taken.taken., AnAD enemyenlllY forcetorcetoreforce-

gettingfore-

stingtorce-

gettinlforce-

gettingfore-

stinggettinggettinl readyreaarea to countercountlrcountry attack Hill 263 was.atat. caught by thethe-

barrage

he-

arable

the-

barrall

the-

atrically

the-

barrage

he-

arablebarragebarrallbarrel and. . .

dispersedeli.plr.leieliplrleiLillie. . by.the, . . ._. . . assaulta..aultaaultSault.

...

. . .. . . . ' _ 'J'J' ', ' . . .battalionbatt.battbattybattalien..o.f.t.hQbattalienofthQbattalionbattalien..o.f.t.hQ26thbattalienofthQ26th. . . . . . . . . . . i'IJ."ttb.iIJttb' . . of" . ,. _ th,. .*. 26th.26't-h.26th.26't26th-26th.- 26th-

Infantry

26th-

Infantry

,' -

. . " . . . . __ . , - ," d.d . . . '

InfantryInfantrJ.InfantrJInfant,.-twentytwenty--twenty---twenty- .- - six---sixsix.--six.six-

llt

si-

lt

.1a.1a.1a. -. -.-.....

, . . ... . . . . , . . . . ,

At the end ofato f the day'sdaysday'day' , fightingtightinglighting the line was aa-

curve

c-

urvea-

curve

c-

urvea-

curve

c-

urvecurve shaped one , fromtram one halfhal t a kilometerkilomlterkiloliter north ofotof-

Flevillee-

ffluvialot-

Flevi11e

of-

Flevillee-

ffluvialFlevilleFlevi11eFlexile to the northern slope of the Cote de MaidMaldahMaltaah ,

then to northern edge ofot Le Petit BoisBoi.BoiBoil. and thru the BoisBoilBois-

de

Boil-

de

Boi-se

Boil-

edde RomagneRomaineRomance to the easterneatern* boundary of the zone ofat actionactio,,

(92)lst92lst(92)1It921It(9292( )1st1st) Div.DivDiv-.Hist.

Div-.Hit.

Div-.Hist

Div-vies

. (92)92( )

Hist.HistHit.HitHeistHistHeist, ., p.p.208-210.208210.208210.208.210.208210208-210210208210-

.(93)Captain

20821-

093Captain

208.210.-

(93)C

208210-

93C

-. ., The secondlecond missionmillion of the Division wasW&8W8& now accomaccom-Tacomaacco-mplished

acco-mplishe4

acco-mplished

¬-

plishedplishe4polished , but the personnelper80nne1 of the Division was exhausted.exhaustedexhausted.-

The

exhaust-ed

.,

The front line infantry unitsunit.unit. were so.00. tired that the menme-

nslept

en-

sileme-

nslept

en-

sileme-

nslept

en-

sileslept soundly in spiteapite ofot a hoavyhGavyheavygravy bombardment.bombardment., The enemyenemy-

was

ene-my

enemy-

was

ene-my

enemy-

was

ene-mywas so badly disorganized that a German rolling kitchenkitchen-

withkitch-

enkitchen-

.ithkitch-

enkitchen-

withkitch-

enwith.ithithitch. a meal of bean soup prepared drove intotheinstate frontfront-

linefront-

line(93)Captain93Captain(93)Captain-Butler

93Captain-Butler

(93)C93C(9393( )aptainCaptainCaptain-ButlerCap-tain

aptain-Butlerattri-buter

line1 in e of0 f the 28th28 t h Infantry.InfantryIn ran t ry.ry., (93)93(93)O-

CTOBER

93O-

CTOBER

(93)O-

CTOBER

93O-

CTOBER

(93)O-

CTOBER

93O-

CTOBER

( )

Butler ,CaptainCaptain-Helsely.Capta-inciesCaptain-He1lely.Captain-He1lelyCaptain-HalCapta-in

OCTOBER 10-11TH1011TH10-111011- TH :Helsely.HelselyHe1lely.He1lelyHenleyHelsely-

.(94)lst

Helsel-

y94lst

Hal eel yoy-

o(94)lst

y-

o94lst

.AlthoA1thoAlto the Division should have been relieved , thethe-

Corps

he-

ctorsthe-

Corpl

he-

ctorthe-

Corps

he-

ctorsCorpsCorplCorp ordered an attack on October 10th.10th. The DivisionDivision-

did

Divisi-ondid advance from one to two kilometerskilometerlkilometer by sending patrolspatrollpatrolpatrols-out

patroll-out

patro-ls

patr-olout and asa.a. they found thethlhl territory unoccupiedunoocupild the infanintan-intaninfan-infantinstantinfan-

tryintan-

tryinfan-

tryinfan-

try¬-

try battalionsbattalionlbattalion followed them.them. In this waywaJwa the line waswalwailwas-

advanced

wal-

advano.d

was-

advancedadvancedadvano.dadvanod. until it reached fromtromtromp JustJUltJUt north ofo f SommeranoeSommeranolSomeoneSomersaultSommeranoe-

to

Sommeranol-

to

Pomegrana-

teSomersau-

ltSomme nanonan ee-

to

v-

eto(94)lst94lst,4)1.t41.t41t( , ) . Div.DivDiv-.Hiet.

Div-.Hi.i.

Div ., to the northern edge of the BoisBoil dedl Remagne.RemagneRlmalnl.RlmalnlRemandedRoman., (94)94(94)-

On

94-On

( )

Hiet.HietHi.i.HiiHitIiHi st.st. . p.p.210.211.210211.210211210-211.210211.210.21-

1.(95)lt

2102-

1195lt

210211-

.(95)1.i

21021-

1951i

210.- 211.211. On OctoberOctob.rOctobr. llth11thlilt , the CorpsCorplCorp ordered the attack contincontin-contin.containcontinu-

ed.

contin-

ued

continu-

ed.

contin-

ued

contin.-

ued.

contin-

ued

¬-.ued.uedcued. The DivisionDivi.ionDiviion. CommanderCommandlrCommand ordered the same method ofof-

attack

fa-

tbackof-

attack

fa-

tbackof-

attack

fa-

tbackattack asa.a. had succeeded.ucceedlducceedldsucceed. on thethlhl previouspreviou8 day.day. Thisfhi.fhihi. time ,

the patrolsp at I'I' 0 1 s encountereden 0 ou n t . re d heavyhe a v Y machineII a chi n e gungu n firefi re fromfrom-

Kriemhilde

tfrom-

Kriemhilde

romrom-

Kr1emhll4KriemhildeKr1emhll4Reinhold, StellungStelluns.StellunsTellingStallions,. a well organized enemy line in frontfront-

of

front-

on

fron-t(95)lst

fron-

t95lst(95)lt95lt(95)1.i951.i951i(95)lst95lst( ) §. Div.DivDiv-.Hiit.

Div-.Hi.t.

Div ., of lndres-etndresetLandres-etLandresAndreasLanders1andrel-et-St.George.1andreletStGeorge.1andreletSt.George.Steerage- - St.GeorgesStGeorgesSteerages., . and no progressprogr.s.progrs. . could be made.(95)made.95made95made.(9Smade.9Smade9Smade(95)made.(95-

)Officers

made95-Officers

made(95)-Hilt.

made95-Hilt

., ( )

Hiit.HiitHi.t.HitHilt.Hilt. . p.pp .,211.211211 ., OfficersOffioerlOfficer OBe.eem. duty4.ty4ty. with frtnttreatfront linelinlLionel unitsunitlunit stateliatelate thatihathat frontfron-

tlint

front-

linefron-

tlinl

front-

linefront-

linelintlinllineLionel battalionsbattalion.battalion. reportedeportlddeport on OctoberOotober 10th10ib , thatihathat the enemyenl.YenlYelYenemy-

was

ene-my

enl.Y.-

a.

enemy-

was

ene-my

.was.a.a. . preparingpr.paria.prpariaPraia. . thistlltltelltale positionpOlltioDpollution andaDd that GermansGerman.German. were'11"11" seen" 'DD' digdil-dildig.dialdil-

liDI

dol-

lied

dig.-

Bing

dig-

ging

*-.

211.'M' gingliDIBingagingliDBeing in and emplacingImplaolDIreplacingImploding machine gune.gunelunl.lunlgunsgunnedlull., HoweverHo.eyerHoeyerHooey. , the author iei.iisie-

twenty

et-

ernity

is.-

etwonty

.

-.etwonty.etwontyEton.-. .t.t.twenty.. tJ seven---seven"Ten--"TenTenseven.seven-

r

sever-

n

" -. -. -_

. '". . . . . . . . ., , _r: tin* rZ:;:,;Z; . :-" _-' _ ' '-'M''M'M- _' '_ J:

positivepOlitivepolities that noDO suehulhsuchsueuh, information reached thetbetube DirieionDivil10nDivisionDerisionDirieionC-

ommander

Divil10n-

C

Division-

(96)CaptaineDivisio-

n96Captaine(96)Captaine96Captaine(96)Captaine-Boyd

96CaptaineB-oyd

( 9 6)060) apt ai n ee-

BoydB-

oydCommanderC ommcomm and e r.r*., (96)96(96)-

On

96-On

(99(96)-Boyd

96B-oyd

( 6 )Boyd andand-Butler

ad-ultery

and-Butler

ad-ultery

and-Butler

ad-ulteryButler ; On the night of OctoberOctobOctober J'J' ll-12thll12th11-12th11- the DivieionDivision , less1.eless-

the

Est-her

1.et-

he1et-

heless-

Personaldess-

ertspoon, .

PersonalPereons.lPereonslPersonsPersonal-experience.Pers-onablePereons.l-exPerso-nsPersonal-experiencePers-onable

.

experience.experienceex erience.erienceTerence., the let Field ArtilleryArtillAril ry Brigade and Ammunition traintrtl.intrtlinthrottlingtrain-

was

brainw-

ash

trtl.in-

was

ratli-nes

train-

was

brainw-

ash

.

was relieved bybythebytethe-the- 42nd DivieionundDivisionDivieionDivision , cindCindynd the Division , afteratterLatterafter-a

atter-a

afte-r

Latte-

r(97)13-(97)139713(97)18-(97)189718(97)13Div9713Div(97)18Div9718Div( 9 7 ) 1 a"a-"-,., DivD 1 v ,. a long and arduous marchwasarchwaysms.rchmsrchmarch. , was placed in army reserve.(97)reserve.97reserve97reeerve(97)reeerve97reserve.(97)G-

AINS

reserve97G-AINS

reeerve(97)-

Hist.reeerve97-

Histreserve.reserve., ( 97)9797)-

GAINS

97G-

AINS

)

HistHiet.HietHist.HeistHit,. p.p.212.212212-

.(98)1It

21-

2981It

212 ., GAINS andaadad LOSSESLOSSI8 :

The DivieionDiv1.ioDDiv1ioDDivision. had driven a wedge.edieedie. eevenlevensevenelevenleaven kilometerkilo.eter.kiloeterkilometerskilo.eter.-

delp

kilome-ter

kilometers-

deep

kilomet-ers

. !.deepdelpdel in a vital partpariParis ofoto f the enemy'senemysInl.Y'1Inl.Y1InlY1enemy. ' linel1nei; it had dede-

feated

de-dede.de-

feaied

de-

feated

de-

.feated

de-

feated

¬-.featedfeaiedfeastedfailed partspart.part. ofot eight.1ght1ght. GermanGlrmanGilman divisions41,1.10n.41110n.41110n,, . . (1st1st( lIt and 5thSthSeth5th-

Guard

Sth-

Gu

Shog-

un

5th-

GuardGuardGu a rd , 28th28 t h , 37th37 th.h,. 41st41 8t , 45th45 t h , 52nd, 2 n d andan d 115th11 S th divisionsd 1 v 1 . ion 8 )

TheTh e prisonersr180nerlp takentaktack en were-werewere-

28

wewere-

28

re-rere-

28

: -

28 officersotficers , including one Lieutenant Colonel ,

455 non-commissionednoncommissionednon.cononcononcom-. m11110ned officersotticerldottier ,

__ 9244 enlisted men.menmen .,14071401 total.totaliotal.iotaliotatotal.-

Large

tort-illa

iotal.-

Large

.,

Large amountsamount.amount. of storesItoresTorres , munitions , smallemallmall armsarml.armlarm,. tenten-

trench

ent-

renchten-

trench

ent-

renchten-

The

ten-

Th

trench mortarsmortar.mortar. and thirteen piecespiec.piecpiece. . of fieldti.ldtildtilde. artilleryartillery-were

artillery-.ere

artille-rywere.ereere. captured.capturedcaptured.-

The

captur-ed

.The casualtycalualty listlilt ofoto f the DivisionDiv1sion waswa.wa. exceedinglyexceedingly-

largeexceedi-

nglyexceedingly-

largeexceedi-

nglyexceedingly-

largeexceedi-

nglylarge and isil listedlilted in the historyhi.toryhitory. of the DivisionDivi.1onDivi1on. ae.11asae-

follows

ae-

rologist

as-

follows

. .-

1foll

1-

follfollowsfollfolly 0.0. . :

KilletfI.ill.IillSkilletIll][.filefile..,* or died of woundswound.wound. : 68 officersofficerlofficer , 1526 menm.nmn. ,

Wounded ; ,. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ., . 128 officersofticer.ofticerofficer. , 5706 menmlnmn ,

HieHideIiMissing. sing.11. n I : 1.1, . . . ., . . ., . . . . . . . ., ., , 59;9 men ,

PrisonersP ri .00. n I r.r. : , ., ., 0964660. . . . . . . 66. . see. . . , 333-

3(98)lst

3-

398lstmen

(98)lst98lst(98)1It981It(9898( )1st1st) Div.DivDiy.DiyDiv-.Hiet.

Diy-.Ri.t.

Div ., Total : 19619 officersofficerlofficer , 73241324 men.(98)men.98men98men.(98)-

twenty

men98t-

wenty

men ., (9898( )Hiet.HietRi.t.RitRiot.RiotHitRita. . p.p.213.213.

. . . .. . . . . . . .- - --twentytwenty- - .entyentyentry eight--eight.1aht.1aht.1ahteight.eight-

9

. -. -.

.- . - .-- ..... . , .. . " . .

ANALYSIS and CRITICISMS :

The schemeIchemeChemed of maneuvermaneuv.rmaneuvr. ueeduledusedcuedruled in thiethilthisthiefthinly operation wae.alalwaswade. aa-

eimple

D-

aimler

a-

limpl.

l-

impa-

simple

s-

impleeimplelimpl.limplsimplewimplelimply. one.oneonl.onlonly. It waewalwaswadewail an application ofo f the pugilist'epugilistepugililt'lpugililtlpugilist'spugilistspugilistpugilist'e"-

onetwo"pugiliste-

onetwopug-

ilistpugililt'l"-

onetwo"pugililtl-

onetwopugilist's"-

onetwo"pugilists-

onetwopugi-

lists'

" "one-two"-"oneonetwo"two"onetwo"ifonetwoif"onetwo"itonetwoitontoconnectionist- " , - ifit you lead with your right hand , then followfollow-

itfollo-

wit with a blow with your left.leftlett.lettlet. ThieThilThisThiefThinly "one-two""oneonetwo"two.one-two..onetwo.". - ". waewalwaswadewail useduaedquakedused-

in

seedi-

ng

uaed-

in

amend-

ing

used-

in

seedi-

ngin aa0doubledouble eenee.eenee.enl'enlsense.senseKeene. ' . In eacheaohLeah of the phases ofor thiethisthief operaopera-opera-

tion

opera-

tion

*-

tionion , the attack was pivoted.on one flank while the otherother-

made

ther-mal

other-

made

ther-malmade the drive.drive. ThisThleThule schemeecheache e was ueeduSldusedcuedunsold in part becausebecaus.becaus. ofotof-

the

of-

ten

ot-

the

ot-

her

of-

the

of-

tenthe lack of artillery.artillery., In the second sensesenl'senlenl' , the "one-two""oneonetwo"two.one-two".one"onetwo"-

wae

onetwow-

ae.onetwo"-

was

onetwo-was

"onetwo"-

was

Conesto-ga

connect-ors

". - "

waewaswade used by firettirltfirstfrettilt leading with the artillery and then folfol-foolfol-

lowing

fol-

lowing

fol-

lowing

¬-

lowing it up with blow by the infantryinfantry.infantry-

.'actorlinfantr-

yactorlinfa-

ntry*.,

Factors'actorlactorlactor' , which contributedcontribut.dcontributd. to the eueceeelucce.sluccessuccess. ofo f thethe-

operationthe-

orizationthe-

op.rationte-

mptationthe-

operationthe-

orizationoperationop.rationopration. , were the deep dispositiondilposition in depthdepth.;. the promptprompt-

and

promp-

tedand correct ueeuleuseQueenYule ofot reservesree.rvesreerves. ; thethe.al'thealhealuee\.al'.al'aluseQueen\. ' of all meansmean.mean. atat-

hand

N-

athan

at-

hand

N-

athan

at-

hand

N-

athanhand ; the cloeecloleclosecleomeChloe mutual supportI up port of0o f the infantryin tantrypantry and supportsupport-support-

ing

support-

ing

support-

ing

¬-

ingKing weaponsw.aponlwaponlweapon. , especially, . P .00. i all y thet h.h. artillerya rt illeill ry ; and the fact thatthat-

inhati-

ng

that-

inhati-

ng

that-

inhati-

ngin each.aohaoheaohohLeah. unit of the letlItlot DivisionDivi.ionDiviion. thereth.rethrethree. waewalwaswadewail a nucleuenucleu.nucleunucleusnucleuses. ofof-

well

H-

owell

of-

well

H-

owell

of-

well

H-

owellwell trainedralnedrainedt non-commissionednoncommissionednon-commi..lonedcommi..loned- . . officersotficerlofficer and enlistedenlieli It ed men ofof-

the

of-

ten

of-

the

of-

ten

of-

the

of-

tenthe old regularr.gularrgular. army who had refusedretuledretied commissionscommi.eionlcommieionlcommission. when thethe-

war

th-wart

the-

war

th-wart

the-

war

th-wartwar broke out.outout.-

The

ot-

terout.-

The

ot-

terout .,

The infantry waswa.wa. disposeddiepoleddipole in column of battalionsbattalionlbattalion ,

thusthulThule permitting freshfr..bfrbfar. . battalionsbattalion.battalion. to leapllaplap frog the depleteddepleted-

and

deplet-edand exhaustedexhaulted fronttronttrot line battalions.battalionsbattalionl.battalionlbattalion., The latter were thusthulThulethus-

givenHu-

ghiethul-

givenHu-

ghiethus-

givenHu-

ghiegiven an opportunity to reorganise.reorganiserlorganlll.rlorganlllreorganize., AnotherAnoth.rAnothr. advantage waswa.wawa-

.that

s-wath

wa-

sthat

ast-

hma

.(99)99(9999( ) that none ofot the unitsunitlunit ever.ververveer. became loetlo.tlotlostlet. or disorganised.(99)disorganised.99disorganised99dilorganis.4.(99)dilorganis4.99dilorganis499disorganized(99)disorganized99disorganised.(99)-

Generaldisorganised99G-

eneraldilorganis.4.(99-

)Whendilorganis499-

Whendisorganized(99-

)Whendisorganized99-

When. ., ( )

GeneralGeneral-Summerall.Gen-eralsOen.OenOren. ralUralral-Summ.rall.Summerall.SummerallSumm.rall.SummrallSummerSumma. . When the situation.ltuationltuationlunation. demandedd.mandeddmanded. itii , the DivisionD1Yi.ionD1Yiion. CommanderCo.manderComanderCommande-

rdid

Co.mander-

did

Comman-ded

Commande-

ered

.did notno hesitatehe.itateheitate. to throw in hishi.hi. reservesre.ervI.reervIreserving. . , yet heh.h. retainedr.tainedrtainedretained-

inr.tained-

inretaine-

d.

in hishi.hi. control sufficientlutf1cient troopstroop.troop. to make the supremeeupreme effort.ftoriftorifetoreffort-on

effo-rt

. .ftori-

on

fet-oron October 9th'''h.h'h-

.Iv.rh-

Ivrh-

Iv' ,.

EveryIv.r/Iv.rZveryIVVeryIv.rmeaneLiveryman. / meansmeanemeaner at the disposaldilpolaldipolar ofot the DivisioniYi.1011iYi1011. CommanderCommander-

were

Commande-

rw.r.

Comman-

derwerew.r.wr. . useduledruled to theirthe1r fullesttull..ttullttilt. . extent.extent., Forlorlord example , infantryintantryinfantry-weapons

infa-ntry

infantry.-

weaponsinfa-

ntryweapons.eapon.eapon.weaponsweapon.. . ( aaehinemachineadenine gunsIun.IunUn. , 33137? am.am1111.1111mm ., gunsgun.gun. , mortarsmortarlmortal ) , tankstank.tank. , artil.artil.ril.l.rillartilyartil.t-

wentyartil.t-

wenty

. : . .---twentytwenty.twenty- - -. nine---nineniae---niaeNiameynine-

(99

nine-

99

niaeA-

NALYSIS

- - -

"

., .1.1.1. ... .. ... .. . __ _____ ._. ... .,__ ...____ ....- . ....-.... ...-_..__ .__... .__. "' , ... ..-_.. .. . . , . . - . . . .. - ...- .. ..__. . .... ... . .; .. . . . . ';r . . . , . . ....ftft. ' .AA. _ " ,

lorylerylorryleery , aira.ir. service , gas troopstroop.troop. and cavalryoavalry were all emem-

ployed

em-emem-

ployed

em-

ployed

¬-

ployedplayed to the full limit of their capacitiescapacitiea and limitalimita-limita.limitlimitat-

ions.limita-

tionslimitat-

iona.limita-

tionlimita.-

tions.

limita-

tions

¬-.

tions.tionstiona.tionaionstina.

The close mutual support ofo f the infantry and thethe-

artilleryh-

eartilythe-

artilleryh-

eartilythe-

artilleryh-

eartilyartillery was one of the outstanding factsfactrafactorsfactor) re of thethe-

success

th-ence

the-

suooess

thr-

eesomes

the-

success

th-encesuccesssuooesssnoozes of each day'sdaysday'day' . fighting.fighting. The infantryfantrygantryi had conficonti-conticonfi-comfitcontainconfi-

dence

conti-

dence

confi-

dence

confi-

dence

¬-

dencedance in1n the artillery and the officersofficer8 and men of thethe-

1st

the-

1st

the-

lethel-

met1stlet Fieldrieldriled Artillery Brigade believed implicitly in theirtheiri-

nfantry.ther-

einaftertheir-

ithei-

r

theiri-

nfantry.ther-

einafterinfantry.infantryinfantry-

.It

infantr-y

i n fan try.trytry-

.It

tr-y

.

It isi s the humbleh1mbl! a opinion ofo f the author , that thethe-

nucleus

th-ence

the-

nucleul

th-ence

the-

nucleus

th-encenucleusnucleul of old01 d soldiers in each organizationor6anization ofo r all thethe-

regular

hex-

angular

the-

regul

th-ere

the-

regular

hex-

angularregularregulregular ar army divisionsdi.iionediiione. ! in the A.EF.AEFABE., , ., was in a largelarg'larglarge-

measure

larg-eness

larg'-

mealure

larg-mealure

arm-ature

large-

measure

larg-eness

'measuremealure responsiblere.ponsiblereponsible. for their success.successIUOCI.I.IUOCII. . No place wasthiswalthilwarshipswealthilywasthis-

more

walthil-more

warsh-ips

Baltim-

oremore true than in the 1stlet DivisionDi.is1on.Diis1on.Diis1onDivision.. ,. When officersofficeraofficer andand-

leaders

ban-

dleaders

an-

dleaderl

ban-

dleader

and-

leaders

ban-

dleadersleadersleaderlleader fellrellell , there was_a8 alwaysalwaY8 someeomeyeomen old , well disciplineddisciplin.ddisciplinddisciplined-

"file"discipline-

dfilediscipli-

neddisciplin.d-

filedisciplin-

eddisciplined-

"file"discipline-

dfilediscipli-

ned.

"file"file-file-"- filetofilet"- to take their places.placesplac.placplace. . ., The company of the 26th28th26th-

Infantry

28th-

Infantry

28th-

InfantryInfantry which took Hill 263 was commanded by aaergeantSergeantergeant-ergeantSergeant*-ergeant-

of

Sergea-

nt(100)100( ) CaptainCaptain-ButlerCap-tain of the old schoolechool.echool,. (100)100( ) AeAs a resultrelult , the organizationsorganizationlorganizationorganizations-Butler.

organization-lnev.r

organizations-Butler

organizat-ions organizati-onalButler.Butler.,nevernev.rnevr. becamebeoame demorilixeddemor11il.ddemor11ilddemorilizeddemoralized. or disorganizeddieorganiled , or lackedlack.dlackd. leaders.leadersleader.leaderleaders.-

Inleade-

rs

. .,

In the final analysisanalysil thothethou it was the supreme couragecourage-

of

coura-geof the Infantry and splendid.plendidplendid. leadershipleader8hip which won the vic.10.10.10viewvic-

tory.

vic-

tory

view-

tory.

vict-

ory. .1-

0.tory

10-

tory

¬.tory.tory.,

It is1e difficult at best to criticize a successfulluoces8fulsuccessful-

operationsucce-

ssfulluoces8ful-

operation

successful-

operationsucce-

ssfuloperation , and in this casecalecable made more difficultdiffiaultdi f finultinsult by thethe-

author's

the-

authorshe-

athersthe-

author'

the-

authorhe-

atherthe-

author's

the-

authorshe-

athersauthor'sauthorsauthor'author' . positionpoeition asae a member ofot the staffetatttatty ofo f the DiviDiy1-Diy1Divi-DivDivi-

sion

Diy1-

sion

Divi-

sion

¬-

sionscion CommanderCommand.r.CommandrCommand. ,. It isi.i. easyea8Y to say.ayay. that if - - - - - .had been done40ne , thatthateuchhate"suchsuch-eucheuchouch"- and such"sucheuch-euchoucheuchwouldechoed"- would have happened.happenedhappened.-

The

happen-ed

.

The facttact remainsremain.remain. that the methodemethodlmethodsmethod useduledruled did succeedIucce.dIuccedIced. andand-

for

land-

form

and-

for

land-

form

and-

for

land-

formfor all otheroth.rothr. methodem.thod.mthodmethodsmethod. . there remainsremaineremained that mostmo.tmot. doubtfuldoubtful-

word

doubt-ful

doubtful-

word

doubt-ful

doubtful-

word

doubt-fulword in the EnglishIniliehAniline languagelaDiuaClaudia,. !,= IFIr ,

TheTh.Th. enlyoalyonlyelyorally criticismor1t1ci.or1t1ci.. thattbatbat can be madeaad.aadad. of the action ofotof-

the

of-

ten

ot-

the

ot-

her

of-

the

of-

tenthe DivisionDiY1.ionDiY1ion. isie the formfol'llfolll' ofot fieldt1.ldt1ld. ordersordereordered used.usedue.d.uedcuedused. ., HoweverHoweve-

rthirty

How-

ever

HO.HOHoweve-

rthirty.

How-

ever

... . ' ,.

-thirty---thirty.th1rty.th1rty.th1rty---thirty.thirty.-. .- -. thirty.1-

.

thirty-

1

-. -..-.. *.

.,

-- . . . _ .v.v. . . . .- -- .-....-.. ..___.. .___-.. ..... ,__.... ... .. ___ '_44-

e

---- ,.,... ..... ..... ...- .... ..-.-. .. - .--.. .. ..--... ...- ._. -_.-

the Division had served with the French for over a yearyear-

and

year-

end

year-

and

year-

end

year-

and

year-

endand these formeformsformed were FrenchFrench.,. In addition , the DivisionDivision-

was

Divisi-onwas used to them.themthem.-

The

ten-

ththem.-

The

ten-

ththem.-

The

ten-

th.

The high commandommanoman d cannotca.nnot. be condemned too severelyleverelycleverlyseverely-

for

leverely-

for

severe-ly

clever-lyfor ordering out the patrols on October 3rd.3rd3rd.-

The

3rd-

The

3rd.-

The

3rd-

The

.,

The Division was orderedo rderide red to send out accompanyingaccompanying-

guns

accompany-

inga c com pan y i n gg-

gu

g-

ugunsgu n I , but the people who were to use them knew little oror-

nothing

co-

nnoting

or-

nothing

co-

nnoting

or-

nothing

co-

nnotingnothing of their technical or tactical use.use. As thesethese-

guns

the-se

theseg-

un.the-

sethese-

guns

the-segunsgun.gun. practically gave the 28th Infantry the strongpointetrongpointstandpointtrogonstrongpoint-

of

etrongpoint-

of

standpoi-nt

trogo-nof La Neuville-le-ComteNeuvilleleComteNeuville-ie-CornieieCornieNevilleComateCornice- - fineFmeFameFroe.FroeFroze,. their use was fully justifiedjustified-in

justifie-din this case.casecase.-

The

cass-

ette

case.-

The

cass-

ette

case.-

The

cass-

ette

.

The 1stlet Division should8hould have been relieved on thethe-

nighthe-

ightthe-

nighthe-

ightthe-

nighthe-

ightnight of October 9th at the very latest , aeas the DivisionDivision-

was

Divisi-onwas so80 exhausted that it is doubtful whetherhetherheather it could havehave-

withstood

have-

withstood

have-

withstoodwithstood a strong counter attacksttack.sttackattack.stacksttack.-

The

sta-ck

attack.-

The

atta-ck

,.

The enemy defended his positions magnificently , makingmaking-

themaki-

ng(101)101e( 101 ) the very bestbe 8 t ueeuseQueenu.u. e of0 f thet h . favorablefav 0 r a b 1 e terrain.terraint e r rairaid n ., (101)101(11( 01)01) He foughtfought-General fou-ght ffought-General fou-ght 0 ugh tt-

to

t-

oGeneralGeneral-Summerall.Gen-eralsGeneralS-ummeGene-ralsGeneral-SummerallGen-eralsSummerall.SummerallSummerSummeSummer rall.rallrally., to the bitter end for every inch ofo f ground and thisthi8 battlebattle-

may

batt-le

battle-may

batt-le

battle-may

batt-lemay very well be calledcalledThecalled;: "TheThe-The"- Battle ofot Extermination"Exterminationtermination"terminationIx " .,

LESSONSLE BSONSSONS :

(1)1( lj) In the modern warfare , disposition in depth isis-

an

Nis-

san

is-

an

Nis-

san

is-

an

Nis-

sanan absolute essentiale8sential to success.successsucce.l.succelsauce. .,

(2)2( ) The proper and timely useUI.UI. of reservesre.erve.reervereserve. . isi.i. an imim-

portantim-imim.im-

portani

im-

portant

im-

.portant

im-

portant

¬-.portantportaniportentportrait factor in any battle.battle.

(3)3(33( j) The Commander who usesuteltel alla.l1al1. the meansmeanlmeanly at hiehishidehie-

disposal

hie-

di.po.alhis-

disposaldisposaldi.po.aldipoal. . will succeed.succeedluece.d.luecedluckedluece.d.e-

.

lucke-d

. .,

(4)4e.e( . ) The closecloleChloe mutual supportIupport of0o f the infantry and itsit.ititss-

upportingmi-

sreportingit.-

8upport1nl

it-

8upport1nl

itss-

upportingmi-

sreporting

.supporting8upport1nl arneara.araarmsHara. iei.iis. more than ever.ververveer. an essential'IlentialIlentialLentil' to success.ucc.ucccc. . . . ,.

(5)5( ) IvtnI.nInEvenIvan, . a fewf.f.. disciplinedd11ciplined , trained soldierssoldier.soldier. are inin-

valuable

in-

yaluabl.

in-

valuable

in.inin-

.valuable

in-

valuable

¬.

valuableyaluabl.yaluabl. to any organiiatienorian11atienorganization in combat.combat.,

---thirtythirty- - - thirtyt bi rt y one---oneone.-wone.w.-,one.v-

.

on-

e

on .-. - -..11.-

1the

1-

the

. . . . . . . ., . . . .- - - - - - - - - - -- -- -- - ----- -- - ---- ----- - - - --

i

. . :... .. . . ..:. --- .. . . . --_. _. . . . '

(6)6( ) Reports ofot enemy movementsmavernenisaverments should be carefullycarefully-

verifiedcaref-

ullycarefully-

verifiedcaref-

ullycarefully-

verifiedcaref-

ullyverified , beforebetorebettor a commander ieis justified in acting onon-

the

M-

onte

on-

the

M-

onte

on-

the

M-

ontethe reportsreport e ,.

(7)7( ) Infantry with high morale can advance againstagainst-

modern

aga-inst

against-

modern

aga-inst

against-

modern

aga-instmodern materiel.materiel.,

(8)8( ) Fog or smoke is1s a big help to offensive operations.operationsoperatione.operationeoperation.,

(9)9( ) The biggestbiggelt lessonlesIon for the American officer ,

especially the younger ones isi s the art of leadership asaeas-

shown

a-

shenae-

shown

a-

shenas-

shown

a-

shenshown by the Commanding General ofo f the let Division-DivisionDivision-

Major

Divis-ion

Division-

Major

Divis-ion

, -.Major General C.CC ., P.P. SummerSummerall.SummerallSummerall.all. It is well worth thethe-

trouble

ther-

monuclear

the-

trouble

ther-

monuclear

the-

trouble

ther-

monucleartrouble fortortore any ambitiousambitioulambitiously young officer to studytudy, hishis-

careerdis-

carder

hihis-

careerdis-

carder

,

career and the methodsm.thodlmthodlmethod. he used to obtain success.success. It isilis-

wofrth

sw-

arthyil-

wOTth

ki-

lowatt

is-

wotth

s-

wathwofrthwOTthworth while , because practically the samelame condition.ofconditionofcondition.condition. of thethe-

American

th-

eatricthe-

American

th-

eatricthe-

American

th-

eatricAmerican Army in the last war , will exist in the next war.warwar.-

We

w-ar

war.-

We

w-ar

war .,

We shall have the courageouscourageoulcourageously , intelligent American citizenscitizenlcitizenlycitizens-

as

citizenl-ae

citize-ns

citize-nasae our soldiers.soldierssoldierl.soldierlsoldierly. They willw111 have had little or no trainingtraining-

and

traini-ngand they mostmOlt assuredly will be undisciplined.undisciplined., But theythey-

willthe-

y'llthey-

willthe-

y'llthey-

willthe-

y'llwill want to learn , they will want to fight and all thatthat-

they

heat-

hery

that-

they

heat-

hery

that-

they

heat-

herythey will ask.IkIk.. is1s to be shown the wayway-way, *- to be given leaders.leadersleaderl.leaderlleaderleaders.-

Generallea-

dersleaderl.-

General

.,

General SummerallSummer waswas.wasa.. well known fieldtieldtied artilleryartillery-officer

artill-eryartillery-

otficerartill-eryartillery-

officerartill-eryofficerotficer before the war.warwar ., He waswalwail known to be a studentetudent and ana-

nofficer

n-

ovicea-

nofficer

n-

ovicea-

nofficer

n-

oviceofficer of great ability.ability. He had served with distinctiondistinction-in

distinctio-nin the war with Spain , in the PhilippinesPhilippinelPhilippine and in China durdur-dur.dourdur-

ing

dur-

ing

dur-

.ing

dur-

ing

¬-.ingKing the Boxer uprising.uprisingupri.ina.upriinaPurinauprising.-

In

upri.ina.-

In

uprisin-g

. .,

InI n the early part of0o f the WorldWorlWhorld War heh e commandedGo..andedGoandedGoaded.. thethe-

artilleryh-

eartilythe-

artilleryh-

eartilythe-

artilleryh-

eartilyartillery brigadebr1sade of01 the 42nd and 1stl.l. Divisions.DivisionsDiYilionl.DiYilionlDivisional., On thethe-

eve

th-ee

the-

IY'

the-

IYth-

eY

the-

eve

th-eeeveIY'IY' of the great, reairegain alliedallildpallid counter offensiveoffeneive ofot Julyll8JUly,1918JUly1918, ? , heh.hhe-

was

he-

ws

h-

.wal

he-

was

he-

ws

.waswalwail givensiyeDsited commandc..andcandScand... of the 1stletlot Division.DivisionDivil1oD.Divil1oD. It waswalwail a mostmOlt diffi.itti-.ittidiffi-diffITTdiffi-cult

diffi-cult

. .itti-

cultvitic-

ulture

¬-

cult tasktalk.talk,. but by absolutelyablolute11 refutingretu.1niretu1nirefusing. to let any of hishi.hi. comGom-Gomoom-oomGeomboomcom-

mand

Gom-

Mand

Com-

mand

oom-

mand

Com-

mand

¬-

mandMandy quit , by the strengthItreDgth ofot hishilPhil will , he put the DivisionDiY11ioDDivision-

thruDivis-

ionDiY11ioD-

tDivision-

thruDivis-

ionthrut h ru thathatt terriblet I r r1 bl e ordeal0 rderide a1 ,.

---thirtythirty- - - two---two'wo---'wowotwo-

(6)

tw-

o6

:'wo-

i

wo-

i

w-

i

' - - -

He had not been able to keep up with infantryinfainfra try tacticatactic.tactictacticstacticaltactica-of

tactics-of

tacti-c

tactic-s

tactic.-

of

tacti-c

.of the World War , so for the ntxtn.xtnxtnexttext. six weeks , he appliedapp1t.dapp1tdapplied-

himself

app-lied

app1t.d-

himself

app1td-

himself

applied-

himself

app-lied

.himself diligentlydiligently.,. working fifteen to twenty hours dailydailfdialdaily-

todailf-

todail-

yDalt-

onto perfect himself.himselfhim8elf.him8elf. Just before the St.St. MihielM1h1elMichel offensiveoftenlive.oftenliveafterlivesoftenlive.-

he

offensi-ve

,.

he talked tacticstactics.,. especially infantry tactics , for threethree-

hours

thres-

hersthree-

hours

thres-

hersthree-

hours

thres-

hershours to his brigade and regimental commanders.commanders., He woundwound-

up

round-

upup by saying in effecteff.cteffct. : "GentlemenGentlemen" the 1stlet Division willwill-

never

will-

power

will-

never

will-

power

will-

never

will-

powernever ask to be relieved ; it can always do a little more ;

it will never be held up ; it will always advanceadvanc.advanc. ; and thatthat-

advance

that-

advance(102)102(102)-Personal

102P-ersonal

(102)-Perlonal

102P-erlonal

( ) advance will alwaysalway.alwayGalway. be in depth1depth"depth"* . (102)102(102)-

He

102-He

(102)-Personal

102P-ersonal

( )

PersonalPerlonalPersonalk-nowledge.Pers-onalPerlonal-kPersona-lPersonal-knowledgePers-onalknowledge.knowledgek nowlowl ad ge.ge., He impressedimprealedimpelled his personality on every man in thatthat-

division

that-

divi.iondivisiondivi.iondiviion. fromfro hishiaia chiefchi.fchif. of staffstafttaft to the lowliestlowlielt mule skinakin-akinskin.skin-

ner

akin-

ner

skin-

ner

skin.-

ner

skin-

ner

¬-.nernear in the supply train.train. He did it by stamping this personperso.-perso.person-person-

alityperso-

.ality

perso-

nality

person-

ality. ¬-

alityalit upon hishilPhil higher commanderscommander.commander. and they passed it down.downdown.-

He

do-wn

down.-

He

do-wn

down.-

He

do-wn

.

He believedbeliev.dbelievd. absolutely in hishiehide country'scountryscountry' causecauaecaudate and hadha-

dimplicit

ha-

dimplicit

ha-

dimplicitimplicit faith in1n the AaericanAmerican soldier.soldier. He waswa.wa. ready andand-

anxious

and-

antinos

and-

anxioul

an-

dantino

and-

anxious

and-

antinosanxiousanxioulanxiously to accept his responsibilitiesresponeibilitiel and required hishi I suboraubosubor-subornabbotsubor-

dinatesaub-

odinatea

sub-

ordinate

subor-

dinates

¬-

dinatesdinateadonatesinnate to do likewise.likewise. With himhim.him,. a thing was right or itit-

was

vi-

tasit-

wal

vi-

talit-

was

vi-

taswaswalwail wrong.wrong., It was never halfhal f right or0o r halfhal f wrong.wrong. He firmlyfirmly-

believedfir-mlyIifirmly-

believedfir-mly

rmlyarmyrmly-

believedbelieved that a soldier could do no military wrong and thatthat-

ifth-

atthat-

ifth-

atthat-

ifth-

atif he did it waswaaWada hiehishide leaders1eadera'1eaderaleaders'*' fault , and he acted accordingaccording-accordingl-

y.according1-

y.according-

1y

according-

ly

¬-

ly.ly1y.1yly .,

He would visitvilitviolist a field hospital and be asal gentle asa.a. aa-

woman

w-

oman

a-

woman

w-

oman

a-

woman

w-

omanwoman with a woundedwound.dwoundd. private and five minutesminutelminutely later he wouldwould-

be

would-

b.

wou-

ldbeb.b. cursingcurlinacurling a brigadierbr1iadier general for not havinghav1ni taken hishilPhil objecobj.c-obj.cobjec--objectobjec-

tiveobj.c-

ti"e.

obj-ctie

objec-

tiveobjec-

tive. ¬-

tiveti"e.tie," ,. Frederickrr.4er1ckrr4er1ck. Palmer hashal aptly saidlaid of himhimGeneralhymeneal;: "GeneralGeneral-General"General-

Summerall

GeneralS-

ummerallGen-

erals"General-

Summerall

GeneralS-

ummerallGen-

erals"- General-

Summerall

Gen-eralsSummerallSummer itilis a leader compounded ofot all kindskindlkindle ofot fightingfightiftifightfighting-

qualitiesfigh-

tingfightifti-

qual1tiel.

fightifti-

qual1tielfighting-

qualitiesfigh-

tingqualitiesqual1tiel.qual1tiel,. who tomeaom.aomsomeatom. sayla, can btb.bbe. gentle.nt1.nt1.nt1,. . asa.a. a sweetI..etIetViet.. naturednatured-

chaplainnat-

urednatured-

chaplain.nat-

urednatured-

chaplainnat-

uredchaplainchaplain.,. while othersotherlother saylay he is nothing but brimstone andand-

(103)Palm.r

an-

d103Palmr

an-

druthless

ad-

ultness03)Palmer03Palmer(103)Palm.r103Palm.r103Palmr(103103( ! ) PalmerPalmer-pPalme-r

. ruthlessruthl.ruthlruth. . . determination"determinationd.t.rmination-d.t.rminationd.t.rmination(103)dtrmination103. . "- ., (103)103(103)-P.

103-P

( )

P.Pp ., 269.269.,

---thirtythirty--thirty-. - - thret---thretthree-threethreatthret-

He

threat-

en

thr.thrthru.. -. -. -.

"' ''

\ \ . 'u...../ .

>)\.

It was..11. thiithi.thithisTahitithin. ladorh-lpladorhlp1taderihripardor1.a4.1a4.1a4*. . * -ip bybJ thtthethatthe11A&1.the11A1*-"Maagi-11A&1.11A1.11A&1.11A11angroMagi& *. ofot thtthlthethathltht-

Aaorioan

the-

American

th-eatricAaorioanAmericanAbortion... ,loan Anay"nayAnl7-Anl7Army"ArmyAnl7lombia.dAnl7lombiad"- , oombintdlombia.dlombiadcombinedLombard. with91th thtthethat couragooutlouraSloulcourageousLoral bratorybraveryoratorybratory-

of

bravery-

of

orator-y

brave-ry

bray.bray."ofot thoth.ththethou. AnAa.r1oaaAar1oaaAmericantrio. an InfantrymanntaDtrmaatuatara! , thattkattat wonwo.wo. thiith1.th1thisTahiti. RoaorioB'.lrloBlrloHomericRosarioBroRoaorio-

iotoryRos-

arioB'.lrlo'f-

LBlrlof-

LBillfo-

ldHomeri-

cvictoryHom-

eric'.

iotoryvictoryisotropy'fLfL?' : 0"0" 0 rJ fort.t. r AmorioanAmericanbl ri 0 aD Armo.ArmoArms.ArmsArmcoA rill .

'

...

....

,,

..

:. '.

/

': . ;. "

' . ' . ..

, .f:..

:. ..

: .

. .

" , . ,

:.

.

), . :"

'\

, . ,,, ,'. :

'. . ..' . . '

. .; / ' d ' : ;{ . .

.I :

. . . . . .- ' , , '. ..-- ;: : :

.: -- : :,

,'' :

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. ' . .\ . " . ' ,, . . . ' ,

\ , . ', , . . , . , . . . .

, , . . , ., , . ,

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' . ,. , .\

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,y ' ;;i /II.\II./ II.I".q':I".q'" ' '' ' ' ' ' yy'f't:

\ , \'f't'f'tft' fI'ir\ljfI'irfIirljfir: ; ' "" ; ' \ ' , ; : " ( " ; ) \ ;( 1/,1'1,1'/ '( j.j " ' I " r / : " " ' \ ' ' ,' I " , I

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IV

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t1! '( ' \1'\1'1\'1':1"'I' \ ' :1"'I: "" ' ) II : "lri/"lrilriLori" /. , / ' ; li ' !' ":' : }"

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I' Joltlit'JoltlitJollity · 2018. 11. 9. · ..JJ " '-THE OPERATIONS OFOF THE 1ST DIVISIONDIVISIO IN THETHE- SECOND T-HESE PHASE OF THE MEUSE-ARGONNE.MEUSEARGONNE.MUSEARGONMEUSEARGONNE.-