Hree Devi Institute of Social Work

8/8/2019 Hree Devi Institute of Social Work

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HREE DEVI INSTITUTE OF SOCIAL WORK

(Affiliated to Mangalore University)

BALLALBAGH

MANGALORE-575003

2006-2007

Shree Devi Institute of Social Work

Balalbagh

Mangalore - 575 003

(2007)

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this Term paper entitled A STUDY ON ENPLOYEE MORALE WITH

SPECIAL REFERENCE TO KANARA WOOD&PLYWOOD INDUSTRIES LTD. JEPPU,

MANGALORE. submitted by Mr. NAGARAJA .V. BILLAVA under my guidance and

supervision, in partial fulfillment of the requirement of the course Leading to Masters in Social

Work.

Mr. RAVISHNKAR Dr. SURESH KUMAR(Term Paper Guide) (PRINCIPAL)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This study will be incomplete without acknowledging my sincere gratitude to al those who have

contributed in some way or other in completing this study.

I express a word of gratitude to the management of Shree Devi Institute of social work for giving

me an opportunity to conduct this study.

I also would like to thank our Principal Dr. Suresh Kumar for giving me an opportunity to

conduct this study for his constant support.

I wish to express my profound gratitude and Guide Mr. Ravishankar K.R. for his valuable

guidance precious time spent and help rendered during my study. I am grateful to him for his

advice and support throughout my study which has enabled me to complete my term paper


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successfully.

A special word of thanks to Mr. Ivan Pinto, P&A Officer, Mr. Paul Tauro Pinto Asst. P&A

Officer of Ken Wood Industries Ltd., Mangalore for their continuous help and encourage of this

study.

I am also thankful to my friends who with their valuable advice and support have contributed for

the success of this study.

My sincere gratitude to my parents for their great help in the completion of this study.

Finally I thank all those who have directly indirectly helped me in completion this study.

Mangalore

Date: 02/04/2007 Nagaraja .V. Billava

CONTENTS

Page No

Chapter - I : Introduction of the Morale 1-9

Definitions

Importance of Morale

Types of Morale

Factors Affecting Morale

Measurement & Morale

Building of high morale

Chapter - II : Company Profile 10-12

Chapter - III : Methodology 13-14

Chapter - IV : Analysis & Interpretation 15-27

Chapter - V : Findings and Suggestions 28-29

Chapter - VI : Conclusion 30

Annexure

Bibliography

CHAPTER - I

INTRODUCTION


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Employee Morale refers to an attitude of satisfaction with a desire to continue and strive for

attaining the objectives of a factory. Morale is purely emotional. It is an attitude of an employee

towards his job, his superior and his organization. It is not static thing, but it changes depending

on working conditions, superiors, fellow workers pay and so on.

Morale may range from very high to very low. High Morale is evident from the positive feelings

of employees such as enthusiasm, desire to obey orders, willingness to co-operate with

coworkers. Poor or low Morale becomes obvious from the negative feelings of employees such

as dissatisfaction, discouragement or dislike of the job.

Definitions:

Morale is a fundamental psychological concept. It is not easy to define. Morale is the degree of

enthusiasm and willingness with which the members of a group pull together to achieve group

goal. It has been defined differently by different authors. Different definition of Morale can beclassified into three major approaches.

1) Classical approach

2) Psychological approach

3) Social approach

1. Classical approach: According to this approach the satisfaction of basic needs is the symbol of

Morale.

According to Robert M. Guion "Morale is defined as the extent to which the individual perceives

that satisfaction stemming from total job satisfaction".

2. Psychological Approach: According to this approach Morale is psychological concept i.e.,

state of mind.

According to Jurious Fillipo Morale is a mental condition or attitude of individual and groups

which determines their willingness to cooperate".

3. Social Approach: According to some experts Morale is a social phenomenon.

According to Davis "Morale can be defined as the attitudes of individual and groups towards

their work environment and towards voluntary cooperation to the full extent of their ability in the

best interest at the organization".

Importance of Employee Morale:

Employee Morale plays vital role in the origination success. High Morale leads to success and

low Morale brings to defeat in its wake. The plays of Morale is no less important for an

industrial undertaking. The success of failure of the industry much depends up on the Morale of

its employees.


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2. Organizational design: Organization structure has an impact on the quality of labour relation,

particularly on the level of Morale. Large organization tend to lengthen their channels of vertical

communication and to increase the difficulty of upward communication. Therefore the Morale

tends to be lower. Against this flat structure increases levels of Morale.

3. Personal Factors: It is relating to age, training, education and intelligence of the employees,

time spent by them on the job and interest in worth taken by them, affect the Morale of the

employees. For examples if an employees is not imparted proper training he will have low

Morale.

4. Rewards: Employees expect adequate compensation for their services rendered to the

organization. Good system of wages, salaries, promotions and other incentives keep the Morale

of the employees high.

5. Good Leadership and Supervision: The nature of supervision can tell the attitudes of

employees because a supervisor is in direct contact with the employers and can have better

influences on the activities of the employees.

6. Work Environment: The building and it appearance the condition of machines, tools, available

at work place provision for safety, medical aid and repairs to machinery etc. all have an impact

on their Morale.

7. Compatibility with fellow employees: Man being a social animal finds his words more

satisfying if he feels that he has the acceptance and companionship of his fellow workers. If hehas confidence in his fellow worker and faith in their loyalty his Morale will be high.

8. Job Satisfaction: If the job gives an employee an opportunity to prove his talents and grow

personality, he will certify like it and he will have high morale.

9. Opportunity to share profit: one of the requirements of high morale is possibility and

opportunity of progress in any concern. All worker should be given an opportunity of the

progress and earn high wages without any discrimination.

MEASUREMENT OF MORALE

Morale is basically a psychological concept. As such the measurement of morale is a very

difficult task to measure it directly. However the following methods are more commonly used to

study employee morale.


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1.Observation Method:

Under this method evaluator observes the employees on work and records their behaviour,

altitude, sentiments and feelings, which have developed in them. The changes in the attitude and

behaviour of the employee are the indicators of high and low morale.

2.Attitude Surveys:

In order to overcome the limitation of the above method attitude survey method is being largely

employed in modern days. This method includes conducting surveys through questionnaires and

interviews. This relates what the workers are looking in and what step should be taken to

improve their approach towards work.

3.Company Records and Reports:

The records and reports relating to Labour turnover, rate of absenteeism, the number of goods

rejected, strikes and such other things, which are indicators of the level of morale.

4.Counseling:

Under this method employees are advised to develop better mental health. So that they canimbide self confidence, understanding and self control. This method is used to find out the

causes of dissatisfaction and then to advice the employees by way of remedial measures.

The above methods of the measurement of the employees present only the tendencies or the

attitude of the employee morale. The statistical measurement of morale is not possible because it

relates to the inner feelings human beings. We can say that morale is increasing or decreasing,

but can not measured how much it increased or in creased.

BUILDING OF HIGH MORALE

In order to achieve high morale among the employees the following suggestion may be followed.1. Two-Way Communication:-

There should be a two-way communication between the management and the workers as if

exercises a profound influences on morale. The workers should be kept informed about the

organization polices and programmes through conferences, bulletins and informal discussions

with the workers.

2. Show Concern.

Large or small every business should have names on desks work stations or cubicles to show that

a real person with worth works there not just a machine. Next ask their opinion whenever an

opportunity arises rather than always telling them what to do or the way to do it. This allows

employees to add their own creative thoughts to the work process, which then can lead to more

of a feeling of ownership. Finally ask how they are with out wanting to know deeply personal

data the boss can easily show on interest in the individual walkers.

3. Job Enrichment:-


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This involves a greater use of the factors which are intended to motive the worker rather than to

ensure his continuing satisfaction with the job he performs the idea is to reduce employee

discontent by changing or improving a job to ensure that he is better motivated.

4. Modifying the work environment:-

This involves the use of teams of work groups developing social contacts of the employees the

use of music regular rest breaks.

5. Rotation of Jobs:

This is also one of important techniques to increase employee morale. Job rotation helps to

reduce an employee's boredom.

6. Incentive System:

There should be a proper incentive system in the organization to ensure monetary and non-

monetary rewards of the employees to motivate them.

7. Welfare Measures:

Management must provide for employees welfare measures like canteens credit facilities sport

clubs, education for their children e.t.c8. Social Activities:

Management should encourage social group activities by the workers. This will help to develop

greater group cohesiveness which can be used by the management for building high morale.

9. Training:

There should be proper training of the employees so that they may do their work efficiently and

avoid frustration when the worker are given training they get psychological satisfaction as they

feel that management is taking interest in them.

10. Workers Participation:

There should be industrial democracy in the organization management should allow workers

participation in management. Whenever a change to be introduced which effects the workersthey must be consulted and taken into confidence workers must be allowed to put forward their

suggestion and grievance to the top management.

11. Offers recognition of the employee efforts:

It takes but a few seconds to say "Nice Job" "Well done", "Marked improvement", "You 're' on

the right road" or any number of other phrases that communicate to the employee that you care

about the job and about them and that you recognize an improvement in productivity. Also,

employees can be given performance awards or have their name mentioned at staff meetings,

posted on a notice boards or in employee inter office E-mail to say that some one did a note

monthly Job. All of these simple modes of painting out individual team or group behaviour serve

as very strong methods of improving productivity self worth and morale.

CHAPTER- II

COMPANY PROFILE


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Kanara wood and plywood industries Ltd. is originally located in Jeppu Mangalore. It is

established in the year of 1972. Kenwood products are widely recognized for their good quality

kenwood products are the first choice of architects, designer interior decorators builders and

consultants.

Kanara Wood and Plywood Industries Ltd. is a company from the house of Yenepoya, a

prestigious business house. Yenepoya's are well diversified in construction, granites, hospitality,

health care and education. Yenepoya group promoted the company and products range includes

veneers, plywood, block boards, flush doors and exclusives.

Kenwood products are made from both imported and indigenous species. Some of the imported

and indigenous species. Some of the imported species, which are used for kenwood products are

African Mahogany, Afromosed, Ako, Ash, Birch, Cherry, Elm, Makore etc. Some of the

indigenous species such as Burga, Champ, Mahogany, Pali, Poon, Rose Wood, Silver Oak Teak

and other varieties of decoration species.

The Kenwood ranges of products are today widely accepted all over the country. That is because

they are made out of selected best quality hard hood and durable, tough and elegant. Using a

variety of higher advanced manufacturing techniques.

Commitment to the highest standards of quality is a part of the Kenwood ethos, it is proven by

the ISO 9001 (Quality Management Systems) and ISO 14001 (Environmental Management

Systems) accreditions of Kanara Wood and Plywood Industries Ltd.

The company has sophisticated equipments for boiling vats, rotary peeling, slicing, vacuumpressure treatment, drying and guillotine cutting, splicing, gluing, assembling and pressing of

plywood, trimming, sanding and finishing.


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ORGANIZATIONAL CHART

Board of Directors

Managing Director

Executive Director

Director

Production Personnel and Finance Maintenance Marketing

Manager Administrative Manager Engineer Manager

officer

Foreman Personal Assistance Store Marketing

Assistance Accountants Officers Officers

Supervisors Store

Assistance

CHAPTER - III

METHODOLOGY

The value of any systematic research lies in its methodology which is a way to systematically

solve research problems. Methodology helps the investigator to conduct in a prescribed manner.

Title of the Study:

"A Study on Employee Morale with Special Reference to Kanara Wood & Plywood Industries

Ltd., Mangalore."

Scope of the Study:


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For the purpose of the study I have been taken in to consideration only permanent employees of

Kanara Wood & Plywood Industries Ltd. among them I have selected 20 employees as sample.

Objectives of the Study:

1. To know and understand about the employee morale.

2. To find out the various factors leading to employee morale in the organization.

3. To know the level of morale of the employees working in Kanara Wood And Industries Ltd.

4. To know the level of satisfaction of the employees towards the company.

5. To suggest measures to increase morale of the employees of Ken Wood.

Methods of Data Collection:

For the purpose of the study the necessary data has been collected from primary and secondary

methods.

1. Primary Data: Primary data required for the study was been collected through interview andquestionnaire method.

2. Secondary Data: It was collected published books, journals, company records, files and

internet.

Method of Sampling:

Under probability method, simple random sampling is used for data collection.

Limitations of the Study:

1. The study is only limited to Kanara Wood & Plywood Industries Ltd. Mangalore.

2. The study was on 20 selected employees, so their need not be the universal opinion.

3. Workers are always busy in their work. I is may not have given clear answer.

4. The study is to taken up for the academic purpose.

CHAPTER - IV

ANALYSIS AND INTERETATION

In this chapter the investigator tried to analysis the collected data. The data has been collected

mainly through questionnaire.

PART - A

Age of Respondents:

The employee's age and morale are directly related. Common belief is that younger workers are

more dissatisfied with higher expectations than their elders.

Age No. of Respondents Percentage


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18 - 29 years 3 15%

30 - 49 years 13 65%

50 - 58 years 4 20%

Total 20 100%

Of the 20 respondents, 15% are in age group of 18 - 29 years, 65% of the age group of 30 - 49

years and 20% of the age group 50 - 58 years.

Table No. - 2.

Educati Table No. - 2.

Education Qualification

Inverse relationship between education level and Employee morale. The higher the educational

level of on employee the lower his morale because he compares his own attainments with those

of others. The higher he thinks he should be the more dissatisfied he is.Education No. of Respondents Percentage

SSLC 11 55%

PUC 3 15%

Degree 5 25%

Technical 1 5%

Total 20 100%

The above table shows that 55% of respondents have completed SSLC, 15% of respondents

studied up to PUC, 25% of respondent have studied Degree and only 5% respondent have

Technical Qualification.

Part - B

Table - 3

Happiness at Work Place

Views No. of Respondents Percentage

Very happy 1 5%

Happy 19 95%

Not Happy - -

Total 20 100%

It is clear from the table that 5% of the respondent is very happy to work as a employee of

Kenwood and 95% of the respondents are happy to work as a employee of Kenwood.

Table No. - 4

Happiness at Job


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Very happy 1 5%

Happy 16 80%

Not Happy 3 15%

Total 20 100%

The above table makes it clear that 5% respondents are very happy at their jobs. 80% of the

respondents are happy and 15% of the respondents are having the feeling of not happy at their

jobs.

Table - No. 5

Working Environment


Good 4 20%Satisfactory 16 80%

Not satisfactory - -

Total 20 100%

This table is shows the views of respondents towards working environment. Here 20% of the

respondents are having feeling of good and 80% of the respondents are satisfied.

Table - No. 6

Working Hours


Very Happy 5 25%

Happy 15 75%

Not happy - -

Total 20 100%

From the above table it is clear that 20% of the respondents are very happy with the working

hours in the industry and remaining 75% of the respondents are happy with the working hours. It

is found in this study that all the respondents have well opinion towards working hours.

Table - No. 7

Working Condition


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It is closely related to the employee morale.


Good 4 20%

Satisfactory 15 75%

Not satisfactory 1 5%

Total 20 100%

The above table shows about the views of respondents towards working conditions. Here 20% of

the respondents are having the feeling of good with working conditions in the industry, 75% of

the respondents are satisfied & 5% of the respondents are not satisfied.

Table - No. 8Relationship with Employees


Good 12 60%

Satisfaction 8 40%

Not satisfaction - -

Total 20 100%

From the above table it is clear that 60% of the respondents are having the feeling of good and

40% are satisfied the relationship with their employees in the industry.

Table - No. 9

Management Encouragement to Employees Development


Yes 10 50%

No 10 50%

Total 20 100%

The above table shows that 50% respondents are told that management encourages in over all

development of them and remaining 50% of the respondents are opposite to that statement.

Table - No. 10


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Satisfaction about Health & Security measures


Yes 17 85%

No 3 15%

Total 20 100%

The investigator found that majority 85% of the respondents are satisfied with the health and

security measures provided by the company and remaining 15% respondents are not satisfied.

Table - No. 11

Safety and Welfare Measures

It is one of method of increasing employee morale. The Kenwood Industry provides safety and

welfare facilities to workers.


Good 2 10%

Satisfactory 17 85%

Not satisfactory 1 5%?????????

Total 20 100%

This table tells about the views and the respondents opinion about safety and welfare measures.Here 10% of the respondents are having feeling of good, 85% are satisfied and 5% are not

satisfied.

Table - No. 12

Leaves and Holidays


Good 3 15%

Satisfactory 14 70%


Total 20 100%

From the above table is clear that 15% of respondents are having the feeling of satisfactory, 70%

of the employees are satisfied and 15% are not satisfied with leaves and holidays.

Table - No. 13


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Opinion Regarding Work Load


Yes 14 70%

No 6 30%

Total 20 100%

Majority (70%) respondents expressed that they have heavy work load in this industry and

remaining 30% of the respondent are opposite to that statement.

Table - No. 14

Management and Employees are allowed to Talk Freely


Yes 10 50%

No 10 50%

Total 20 100%

The table interprets that 50% of the respondents told that management employees are allowed to

talk freely. And remaining 50% are disagree with that statement.

Table - No. 15

Relationship with Fellow Worker


Good 9 45%

Satisfaction 11 55%

Not satisfactory - -

Total 20 100%

This table displays that 45% of respondents are having feeling of good and 45% are having

satisfactory feeling towards their relationship with fellow workers. It is found in this study that

employee have good relations with the fellow workers.


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Table - No. 16

Opinion about Supervisor

The supervisor can make or break morale. The supervisor is the first and the last link with whom

the workers come in immediate contact and hence his behavior and dealings, determine the

morale of group.


Motivator 15 75%

Not supervise well 5 25%

Rude - -

Total 20 100%

From this table it is clear that majority 75% respondents have a good perception (motivator)

towards their supervisors and remaining 25% of respondents felt that supervisors are not

supervise well.

Table - No. 17

Relationship with Staffs of Other Department


Good 11 55%

Satisfactory 9 45%Not satisfactory - -

Total 20 100%

The above table show that 55% of the employees are having feeling of good & 45% are having

satisfactory feeling their relationship with staffs and other department.

Table No. - 18:

Encouragement by the Supervisor about Worker Special Talents


Yes 10 50%

No 10 50%

Total 20 100%

The above table shows that 50% of the respondents are get encouraged by their supervisor for


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their special talents and remaining 50% respondents are not get full support from the supervisors

for using their special talents.

Table - No. 19

Attitudes towards Job


Like it 9 45%

Can't say 11 55%

No - -

Total 20 100%

The above table reflects of follows; 45% of respondents are like it their jobs, and 55% of

respondents dont want to share anything about their jobs.

Table - No. 20

Opinion on Job Security


Like it 6 30%

Can't say 14 70%

No - -Total 20 100%

Here 30% of the respondents truly believe that they have job security in the industry and

remaining 70% of respondent don't want to share anything about the matter.

Table - No. 21

Opinion on Shift System


Good 6 30%on Qualification Satisfactory 13 65%


Total 20 100%


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The table shows the views of respondent towards shift system. Here 30% of the respondents are

having feeling of good, 65% of the respondents are having the feeling of satisfactory and 5% are

not satisfied about the company shift system.

Table - No. 22

Opinion on shift system


Good 6 30%

Satisfactory 13 65%

Not Satisfactory 1 5%

Total 20 100%

The table shows the views of respondents towards shift system. Here 30% of the respondents are

having feeling of good 65% of the respondents are giving the felling of satisfactory and 5% arenot satisfied about the company shift system.

Table - No.23

Appreciation from the supervisor, when worker fulfill the work.


Yes 8 40%

No 12 60%

Total 20 100%

The above table shows that 40% of the respondents felt that they are get application by their

supervisor when they are all fulfill the work and remaining 60% of respondents have the opinion

that they are not appreciation by supervisor, when they are fulfill the works. Here it shows that in

Kenwood employees are not getting enough recognition from their supervisor. Recognition of

the employees efforts is one of the technique of increasing employees morale and productivity.

Table - No. 24

Opinion on regarding satisfactory level of wants fulfillment through their present jobs:-


Yes 5 25%

No 15 75%

Total 20 100%

It is clear from the table that 25% of respondents felt that they are reached a satisfied level of

their wants through their present jobs But Majority of the respondents (75%) are opposite to that

statement. It is found in this study that employees have lots of expectation from their jobs.


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Table No. 25

Influence of Morale on Production:


Yes 9 45%

No 1 5%

No idea 10 50%

Total 20 100%

The investigators tried to analyses whether the respondent are aware of their morale. Here 45%

of the respondents truly belive that their morale is directly influence on production, 5% are

opposite that statement and remaining 50% of the respondents one not aware of their morale.

CHAPTER-V

FINDINGS

By the study it is found that:

1. Majority of the respondents are satisfied with working environment health, security, safety,

welfare measures and leave and holidays facilities.

2. Majority of the respondents are having very good relationship with fellow workers supervisors

and staffs of other department.

3. Majority of the respondents have opinion that they are not getting recognition from their

supervisor when they are fulfilling the work. It is may demotivated to employees in theorganization.

4. Majority of the respondents expressed that they have heavy work load in the organization.

5. Majority of the respondents are happy to work as an employee in the organization. It is shows

there level of morale.


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SUGGESTION

To improve the level of Employee Morale, it is better to consider following suggestion.

1. Management should reduce the work load of the employees.

2. It will be more effective if the management take the steps to introduce suggestion scheme

system for the employees.

3. The management should pay reasonable wage and allowance to the employees.

4. It is better the management should recognize the needs of employees and encourages

employees special talents.

5. It will be better if the management provides incentives to employees so it will boost in their

morale and productivity.

6. Supervisors should maintain coordinal relationship with workers and offers recognitions of the

employee efforts and provide needed guidance to workers.

7. It will be better if management provide performance and potential appraisal in regularly.8. The management should provide opportunities for career development.

9. It will better if management given performance awards to employees.

CHAPTER-VI

CONCLUSIONMorale is psychological concept. Morale is not a cause but rather the effect or result of many

going awry. Morale drifters from person to person, industry to industry, level of education age,

nature of work etc. Morale may be range from very high to very low.

By this study it is clear that various faction which influences morale and productivity of the

employees each as Social Security measures, welfare facilities, salary status, Bonus, heath

condition, shift system and recognition of work are getting much importance.

To conclude employee morale plays very important role in every organization. Good employee

morale helps to success of the organization. Unless an employee has poor morale if always a

possibility of employee disharmony and also affect smooth running of the organization.


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ANNEXURE

A Study on Employee Morale with Special reference in Kanara Wood Industries.

Respected Sir,

I am Nagaraja V Billava studying in second year MSW [PM&IR] at Shree Devi Institute of

Social Work Mangalore. Conducting study on "Employee Morale" with special reference in

Kanara Wood Industry. I request you to please fill up this questionnaire and it will be kept

confidential.Part-A

Personal Details

1. Name

2 Age

3 Marital Status

4 Qualification

5 Department

6 Year of Experience

Part-B

1. Are you happy working in this company?

a) Very happy b) Happy c) Not happy

2. Are you happy in your job?


3. How is working environment in this company?

a) Good b) Satisfactory c) Not Satisfactory

4. Are you happy with the working hours?


5. How do you find the working condition in your work place?



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6. How is your relationship with the employers?


7. Does your management encourages in over all development of the

employees?

a) Yes b) No

8. Do you felt that your company take care of your health and security as

per company law?

a) Yes b) No

9. What is your opinion about safety and welfare measures provided to this

Company?


10. What do you think about the leaves and holidays provided in this company?


11. Do you have heavy workload in this company?

a) Yes b) No

12. Is management and employees are allowed to talk freely?

a) Yes b) No

13. How is your relationship with the fellow workers?


14. What is your opinion about supervisor?

a) Motivator b) Not supervise well c) Rude

15. How is your relation with staffs of other department?


16. Does your supervisor encourage your special talent?

a) Yes b) No

17. What do you think of your job?

a) Like it b) Can't say c) No


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18. Do you fell that all are satisfied with each other?

a) Yes b) Cant Say c) No

19. Do you have job security in your company?


20. What is your opinion about shift system in this company?


21. Does your supervisor appreciate, when you fulfill the work?

a) Yes b) No

22. Do you find the rules and regulation of the company difficult to follow?


23. Do you feel that you have and reached a satisfied level of your wants through this job?

a) Yes b) No

24. Do you feel your morale is directly influence on production?

a) Yes b) No c) No idea.

THANK YOU

BIBILOGRAPHY

1. Personnel Management : C.B. Memoria

2. Industrial Psychology : P.K. Ghosh & M.B. Ghorpada

3. Personnel and Human Resource Management : P. Subba Rao

4. Principle and practice of Management : Dr. J.N. Chabra

5. Internet Sources

Documents

Hree Devi Institute of Social Work