HPC use in Testing Ad Hoc Wireless Sensor Networks Ken LeSueur Redstone Technical Test Center April 22, 2009

HPC use in Testing Ad Hoc Wireless Sensor Networks

Ken LeSueurRedstone Technical Test Center

April 22, 2009

US Army Redstone Technical Test Center

• Need: Realistic testing of wireless tactical networks

- Networked sensors and sensor fusion systems

- Networked systems require the network to stimulate the system, unlike stand alone systems that can be tested in isolation

- A real-time network emulation with interfaces to real systems that forces perception and response as they would in the real world

•Current test methods are not adequate for testing tactical wireless network hardware in realistic battlefield environments

Wireless Sensor Network Testbed

2

Wireless Sensor Network Testbed


Proposed Approach

• Combine – Parallel computing resources – Scalable, high fidelity network emulation – Computer Generated Forces (CGF) model

• Testing of sensor hardware is facilitated by Network emulation that will allow interfacing of sensor hardware with virtual components to produce operationally realistic numbers of network nodes

– 5,000 to 10,000 for a future Brigade Combat Team

3

Proposed Approach


Example of Multi-Layered Network

4




5


UGS

UASNetworked Missiles

Sensors

UGV


SIMAF

0

SIMAF

0

6

GatewayNode

EO/IRNode

Track Message (SRW)

Detection Msg

Track Msg (WNW)

NLOS-LS

Tactical ScenarioTactical Scenario


SIMAF

0

SIMAF

0

7

GatewayNode

EO/IRNode

Detection Msg

NLOS-LS

Track Message (SRW)



SIMAF

0

SIMAF

0

8

GatewayNode

EO/IRNode

Detection Msg

NLOS-LS

EO/IR Command Msg

Fire Msg (WNW)



• Interface to real tactical network hardware

• Real-Time Operation– Parallel Implementation to scale for large number

of nodes

• Support for Military standard Joint Tactical Radio

Systems (JTRS)– Soldier Radio Waveform (SRW)– Wideband Networking Waveform (WNW)

9

General Requirements


NetworkSimulation

(QualNet)

ComputerGenerated

ForcesModel (OneSAF)

SensorHardware

Physical Stimulator

In-band Stimulation

Wireless NetworkInterface HWIL

Interface

Node PositionsOn Terrain

Test Bed Design

10

Test Bed Design

• Infrared• Visible• Seismic • Acoustic


In-band Acoustic/SeismicStimulation

SRW Wireless Interface

Node PositionsOn Terrain

OneSAF

QualNet Network Simulation

TacticalUnattendedGroundSensor

GatewayNode

Ethernet

HPC

11

Unattended Ground Sensor Example


12

System Configuration

Delivery/Integration

August 2009


Subsystem Test & Analysis Branch Facilities

Bullets:

Capabilities:

• Spans from Pure Simulation to Hardware Integration Utilizing HWIL Assets for both Lab and Field Environments

• Classified and Unclassified Networking and Computing

• 92+ Microprocessors and Access to HPC Resources

• Advanced Multi-User KVM Switching to All Computers

• Fiber Links to All RTTC Labs and Ranges

• Defense Research & Engineering Network (DREN) Connection (OC-12 with OC-3 Guaranteed)

• Host of Simulation, Visualization, Network Monitoring and Data Recording Software Suites

• Video Processing, Recording and Distribution

• Simulated Tactical Radio Communications Capability

Distributed Test Control Center (DTCC) / High Performance Computer (HPC) Labs

HPC Lab

DTCC

DTCC

HPC Control Area


• Analysis of scalability of Network emulation and HWIL testing/simulation

• Analysis of performance as a function of fidelity (path loss modeling, terrain model, interference modeling, jamming/attacks, power/battery model, data acquisition, etc.)

Results

14

Initial Testbed Efforts


Purpose: Evaluate number of Nodes, number of processors, and simulation complexity on real-time testing.

• HWIL interfaces linking live video Server/Client•UDP Generator Rude/Crude used for quantitative measurements• 512 kbps UDP/Video Stream• 802.11 wireless protocol• 2 Mbps wireless subnets•Monitor Real-time performance while adjusting number of nodes, subnets, and background traffic

Test Setup

15

Test Setup


HWIL Interface

16

- Virtual Node

- Simulated Node

HWIL Interface


Performance Data

17

0

0.005

0.01

0.015

0.02

0.025

0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350 375

Late

ncy

(Sec

)

Packet Number

Unsaturated Simulation Performance

Latency

64 Pk/Sec

100 Bytes/Pk

64 Pk/Sec

1000 Bytes/Pk

128 Pk/Sec

1000 Bytes/Pk

128 Pk/Sec

500 Bytes/Pk

Performance Data


18

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000

Late

ncy

(Sec

)

Packet Number

Packet Latency for 750 Node, 2 Processor

Latency

Performance Data


19

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250

Late

ncy

(Sec

)

Packet Number

Packet Latency for 1000 Node, 2 Processor

Latencey

Performance Data Cont.


• Using the scenarios outlined in this testing, approximately 750 simulated wireless network nodes can be simulated on a two processor computer while simultaneously interfacing to two external HWIL networked systems passing live streaming video

• Parallel efficiency is approximately 65% for a 1000 node scenario running on 2 processors (Expand when HPC delivered)

• Performance thresholds can be measured but the results are highly scenario dependent

Conclusion

20

Conclusion

Documents

HPC use in Testing Ad Hoc Wireless Sensor Networks Ken LeSueur Redstone Technical Test Center April 22, 2009