HOW TO MAKE SUSTAINABLE SANITATION REALLY SUTAINABLE – UP-SCALING OF

ECOSAN (UDDT) IN KYRGYZSTAN, CENTRAL ASSIA

Anara Choitonbaeva, KAWS, e-mail: achoitonbaeva@list.ruDr. Claudia Wendland, Fedde Joritsma WECF

Kyrgyz Alliance for Water and Sanitation (KAWS)

»KAWS is a network organization of 46 Community Drinking Water Users Unions (CDWUUs) established in 2008

KAWS focus is on raising awareness for safe water and sustainable sanitation and energy in rural areas

KAWS is the member of National Water Police Dialog and actively cooperating with the national and regional state

KAWS is the member of WECF network

KAWS is member of working group on Target Setting of Water Health Protocol

Kyrgyz Republic

BACKGROUND TO THE SUSTAINABLE SANITATION PROJECT IN RURAL AREAS OF

KYRGYZSTAN

The Problem: since the end of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Kyrgyz government has lacked resources to provide this service. Many villages have had no clean drinking water and safe sanitation for 15 yearsIs there an alternative? Can rural people and their communities address their lack of safe drinking water & sanitation and manage its provision themselves? Rural Kyrgyzstan is a generally traditional and male dominated society mainly in the southern part of the countryHowever, women make up over half the population they are also the ones most affected by the presence or absence of clean drinking water&safe saniation

Typical Situation in Rural Areas: deteriorated rural drinking water supply - broken pumps - unsafe water quality – pit

latrines

History of KAWS

Worked with 200 villages in 3 northern Kyrgyzstan to re-habilitated their water supply and sanitation systems between 2002-2008, financed by Worldbank and DIFD

Water supply issues more a less solved but safe sanitation still lacking however not water committees are working properly.

Safe sanitation has been implemented through well-functioning water-committees (CDWUU) in partnership with WECF (Empowerment and Local Action, ELA), financed Dutch MinistryCreating local capacity on sustainable sanitation and energy solutions in project “Safety and Comfortable Home ” in partnership with WECF, ALGA and CAMP, financed by European union.Current project creating local business opportunities with focus on women

Outline & responsibilities of ELA project

16 target villages150 household targetedMemorandum of understanding between parnters:

WECF capacity building, training, main coordination and facilitation, monitoring and supervision, funding

KAWS community mobilization, information dissimination, selection of household, establish mobile groups, ecosan clubs and organizing trainings and garuantee of repayment of the loan, design and suppervision of construction

CDWUUs (Water-Committee)s collecting 5% cash household contribution, lending loan, purchase of materials, Construction, collecting repayment of loan,

Habitat for Humanity Kyrgystan providing loan to CDWUU, overall administration and bookkeeping

Steps in ELA project

1 • Community awareness rising –to raise awareness, information dissemination through village meeting, leaflet, posters

and round table discussions and setup eECOSAN clubs

2• Household apply Letters of Interest to have UDDT,

3• Visit and interview household, applied letter of interest, selection criteria (willingness to have UDDT, ability to

repay the loan, participation of trainings, willingness to reuse urine in the garden), household contribution

4• Participatory design of toilet, calculation of costs, assign household agreement for loan with water committee

5• On the job-trainings of village mobile construction group and household representatives how to construct UDDT

6• Monitoring & support according 9 indicators, exchange visits between villages, repayment of loan,

7• Setting a service for urine application by water committee , demonstration plot,

8• Refresh trainings, additional support, exchange visits and round tables

Toilet design

Effective Learning and Networking

Ecosan toilet

Results and outcome

RESULTS100 UDDT constructed at households2000 EUR guarantee fundMore than 80.000 people received information about ecosan80 Ecosan construction masters (new jobs created)Each household had a guestbook

OUTCOME1 business/demonstration center established with production of UD-bowls and doors18 household toilets constructed with own recourses2 kindergarten replicated without project moneyRepayment 100% Issyk-kul province (76 toilets) 24 toilets in Kochkor problems with repayment due to poor local management

Safe and Comfortable Home Project

Creating local capacity for improved rural living standards through affordable and

sustainable energy and sanitation solutionsEurope Aid project

The project has been implementing in the in the 9 villages of Issyk-Kul region of

Kyrgyzstan

Project consortium

WECF (Women in Europe for a Common Future) is an international network of more than 100 women‘s and environmental organisations in 40 countries, advocating globally for a healthy environment for all. KAWS (Kyrgyz Alliance for Water and Sanitation) is a Kyrgyz NGO supporting rural communities in planning, implementation and sustainable monitoring of improved rural water supply and sanitation. ALGA is a Kyrgyz NGO of rural women focusing on women’s empowerment, comprehensive support for village women through information supply, trainings, rights’ protection and advocacy of their interests at all levels. Camp Alatoo is a Central Asian organisation working in the area of natural resource management by effectively implementing programmes on the sustainable development of mountain communities at all levels.

Approach of the project

Rising awareness about environmental technologies which improve living conditions in 9 villages in Issyk Kul regionBuilding local capacity in the villages through training facilitators who instruct local staff on the construction and maintenance of the respective technologies - with local staff and expertise and local construction materialsSupporting the CDWUUs (water committees) / Resource CentersWorking with local school children and women groups developing a set of Environmental Joint Action Plans to raise awareness and demand for environmental technologiesTrainings on financing mechanisms making the technologies affordable and suitable for local communities

Improving the access to efficient heating in winter timeMost homes are equipped with a stove which is not very energy efficient and requires a lot of costly fuel. Its operation produces smoke which causes a lot of health problems particularly for children and elderly people.An energy efficient stove burns fuel more efficiently and produces less smoke than conventional ovens. Through installing such a stove, the household fuel costs will decrease and the family‘s health improve. The energy efficient stove can heat the house with any kind of fuels such as coal, dry dung and wood

Improving the access to warm water without electricity

A solar collector (or solar water heater) uses the sun‘s energy to heatwater. The tank contains 200 literswhich can be heated up per day.The solar collectors are designed toresist freezing, allowing year-rounduse even during cold winters. Theyare easy to construct and to maintain

Improving sanitation standards in thehousehold, providing organic fertilizer and

protectinggroundwater resources

The urine diverting dry toilet (UDDT) or ecosan toilet is an innovative technology which can beimplemented inside the house or attached to thehouse. The ecosan toilet does not need water forflushing, neither smells nor attracts flies..

Results achieved in 2011 - 1Start up meetings in the 9 villagesGender and Healthy Environment Training manual developed by allpartners27 facilitators in the 9 villages trainedTraining at school for 300 children to develop an Environmental Action PlanSurvey carried out in the 9 villagesGender trainings in the 9 villages9 Demonstration Centers established under the CDWUUs (Water Committees) offices3 Recourse Centers have been set up and well functioning and job created for young unemployed people56 demonstration objects: UDDT, Solar Collector, Energy efficiency stoves constructed and Solar Dryers produced3 UDDT, 1 Solar Collector constructed in the village institutions and 4 Solar Dryers and 38 Energy Efficiency Stoves replicated at the households level with out project money

Sustainability and Up-Scaling

Local capacity in the villages through training facilitators who instruct local staff on the construction and maintenance of the respective technologies - with local staff and expertise and local construction materialsCDWUU’s Demonstration and Resource Centers create accessibility to knowledge, exchange and financial mechanisms Working with local school children and women groups developing set of Environmental Joint Action Plans to raise awareness and demand for environmental technologiesCommunity based approachSocial financing mechanisms making the technologies affordable and suitable for local communitiesLearning by doing, sharing experiences, exchange visits

Thank you for your attention!