Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Damian JózefiakPoznan University of Life Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and
Animal Science
1
HOW CAN INSECTS POSSIBLY FEED THE FUTURE?
Water 88 %Sugar 7 %Protein 0 %Fat 0 %E101, E160a, E300, E307, E330, E440 etc
Edible?
2
Water 88 %Sugar 7 %Protein 0 %Fat 0 %E101 (vit.B2) , E160a (carotene), E300 (vit. C), E307 (tocopherol), E330 (citric acid), E440 (pectins) etc
Edible?
3
Edible?
4
Edible?
5
PERCEPTION?
6
BEES ARE NICE!
7
PERCEPTION?
8
E120 ‐CARMIC ACID
Fot. Frank Vincentzhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dactylopius#/media/File:Dactylopius_coccus_(Barlovento)_04_ies.jpg
9
Lysbilde 9
RGE3 What does E 120 mean?Ricarda Greuel Engberg; 22.08.2015
E120 ‐CARMIC ACID
10
WHY INSECTS IN FEED?
WASTE MANAGEMENT –GLOBAL PROBLEM1.3 BILLION FOOD WASTED ANNUALLY
12
41 TONES OF FOOD IS WASTED PER SECOND
13
1476 trucks in 15 minutes
14
AVERAGE MASS (G) OF 100 RANDOMLY SELECTED LARVAE OF A BLACK SOLDIER FLY FED DIFFERENT WASTE
‚IN‐OIL: innovative method of by‐products bioconversion in foodstuff industry’; Nr 0148/L‐7/2015
P<0.001
c
bb
b
a
0,000
2,000
4,000
6,000
8,000
10,000
12,000
14,000
1d 3d 6d 9d 12d 13d
wheat bran carrots cabbages potatoes mixture
GROWTH PERFORMANCE
P<0.001
Total DMI – Dry Matter Intake till 13dTotal FCR – Feed conversion ratio till 13d
‚IN‐OIL: innovative method of by‐products bioconversion in foodstuff industry’; Nr 0148/L‐7/2015
e
d c
a
b
a
b
b
a
b
2
2,2
2,4
2,6
2,8
3
3,2
3,4
3,6
3,8
0
50
100
150
200
250
wheat bran carrots cabbages potatoes mixture
Total DMI; g Total FCR; g:g
PRODUCTION INDEXES
WRR – Waste Reduction Rate (13d)
P<0.001
‚IN‐OIL: innovative method of by‐products bioconversion in foodstuff industry’; Nr 0148/L‐7/2015
d
ba
e
c
75
80
85
90
95
100
WRR; %
cd
e
a
b
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Fertilizer; g
The chemical composition and energy contentof H. illucens larvae (% DM)
Ash CrudeProtein
CrudeFiber
EtherExtract N‐free extract Gross Energy (MJ/kg)
Wheat bran 9,16 55,23 12,29 6,40 16,93 5,64
Carrots 8,24 47,2 10,84 17,35 16,37 5,97
Cabbages 8,57 49,31 9,92 15,99 16,20 5,70
Potatoes 7,32 41,45 8,33 7,75 35,15 5,78
Mixture 8,16 45,38 9,83 14,00 22,63 6,27
NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF H. ILLUCENS IS RELATED TO THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE SUBSTRATES
‚IN‐OIL: innovative method of by‐products bioconversion in foodstuff industry’; Nr 0148/L‐7/2015
FEED OF THE EVOLUTION
19
ADAPTATION
20
ADAPTATION
21
Ammonia emission mg/day/kg body weight gain
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
Mealworm Cricket Chicken
Insects as a sustainable feed ingredient in pig and poultry diets ‐ a feasibility study, Report 638, 2012Józefiak et al. 2016
22
Live (kg) animals from 1m2 in 42d
220
160
4055
0
50
100
150
200
250
HERMETIAILLUCENS MEALWORM CRICKET CHICKEN
Józefiak et al. 2015
STOCKING DENSITY – NO PROBLEM!
24
WATER CONSUMPTION
25
CockroachCricketMealworm
HIGH NUTRITIVE VALUE OF INSECTS
Full‐fat meals LT
Fat extracted meals
Black soldier fly
Józefiak et al 2015
26
CRUDE PROTEIN (%) IN DIFFERENT FULL FAT INSECT MEALS
5663
76
50
65
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
Hermetiaillucens Mealworm Cockroach House fly Fishmeal
Józefiak et al. 201627
INSECT FULL‐FAT MEALS AMINO ACID PROFILE (% LYSINE)
Mealworm CricketHermetiaillucens Cackroach Housefly Fish meal LT
Lysine 100 100 100 100 100 100Histidine 55 42 46 51 41 33Arginine 92 108 86 114 71 74Threonine 73 66 64 67 48 55Valine 120 98 100 104 64 62Methionine 24 30 25 27 32 37Cysteine 12 17 13 14 6 15Isoleucine 81 131 119 118 83 51Leucine 140 59 68 62 72 95Phenylalanine 65 17 20 17 46 46Tryptophan 19 17 20 17 46 15
Józefiak et al. 201628
WHAT ABOUT INSECT OILS?
29
FATTY ACIDS PROFILE (%) OF THE TENEBRIO MOLITOR (TM) AND ZOPHOBAS MORIO (ZM)
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Palmitic Stearic Oleic Linoleic Total C18:1 MCFA
Soybean oil TM ZM
Józefiak et al. 2017 in press30
FRUIT WASTE PALM DECANTER
Leong et al. 2015
FATTY ACIDS PROFILE OF THE BLACK SOLDIER FLY LARVAE FED DIFFERENT DIETS (%)
Lauric!
31
PERFORMANCE RESULTS?
32
1,47
1,45
1,48
1,4351,441,4451,451,4551,461,4651,471,4751,481,485
Soybean oil Insect oil1 Insect oil2
FEED CONVERSION RATIO (kg/kg) OF THE FEMALE ROSS 308 1‐28D FED 5% INCLUSION OF THE INSECT OILS IN PELLETED DIETS
Kieronczyk et al. 201833
75
80
85
90
95
100
SO Insect oil1 Insect oil2CP, % EE, %
THE EFFECT OF SOYBEAN OIL AND SELECTED INSECT OILS ON APPARENT ILEAL DIGESTIBILITY OF CRUDE PROTEIN AND ETHER EXTRACT, FEMALES 28D
34
Kieronczyk et al. 2018
Ganz 2003, Gao & Zhu 2013
INSECT DEFENSINS a class of small, cysteine‐rich antimicrobialpeptides primarily active on
Gram‐positive bacteria
35
PROGRESS IN EUROPEAN UNION ?
36
International Platform of Insects for Food and Feed
37
IPIFF 42MEMBERS PROFILE
‐ Mainly European members, but also non‐EU companies targeting at the EU market.
‐ Insect producing companies (farming & processing) , other firms in the insect value chain (e.g. equipment, distribution) & ‘knowledge sharing’ members.
‐ All producing for feed & food, some of them producing also for other markets like biological control, green chemistry and plant nutrition.
International Platform of Insects for Food and Feed
38
Where is insect industry today?
39
HYGENE, HACCP AND CONTROL PRINCIPLES IN PRODUCTION PROCESS
Processing side, i.e. ‘clean’ route
Insect Production
40
BreedAdult colony and egg
production
ProductionInsect growth management
SeparationSeparating larvae from residue
FeedstockIntake, mixing and storing of insect feed
OutletReject and Residue
management
ProcessingMaking
Proteins and fats from larvae
Store and SellOutlet to customer
IncubationProduction of pupae for new
adults
S1
S4 S6
Feedstock control & traceability
Tracking & Tracing principles apply to whole process and sub‐processes.
Main process
subprocess
S1
Fly escape control S2
Life larvae quality control
S3
S2 S3
S5
Larvae cleanliness control
S4
Processing conditions control
S5
Product norm value control & traceability
S6
40
START‐UP
41
Start April 2015
42
CHAIN OF FULLY AUTOMATEDINSECT PROTEINS FACTORIES
FROM THE START 2015 TO JULY 2018
1. Development of automated breeding technology protected by national and international patents including lighting system and production lines.
2. Optimization of the insect breeding and biomass processing - obtaining full-fat meals and oils
3. Construction and modernisation of the R&D infrastructure (600m2) including automated climate control units and new scalable breeding technologies for different insects and new plant and hatchery (2200m2)
4. Performing over 50 different experiments on fishes, poultry and dogs, confirming nutritive value of the products and its application in different animal diets
5. Performing over 50 experiments on different by-products from food industry estimating bioconversion of vegetable by-products as possible substrate for different insect rearing
6. Registration of Tenebrio Molitro frass as fertiliser
43
18
44
WHY INSECT PROTEIN&FAT COULD BE SUSTAINABLE ALTERNATIVE?
45
46
FEED OF THE REVOLUTION
47
• Insects are a very promising source of protein&fat for animals
•Environmentally friendly production
•More research is needed in the area of nutritive value of processed insects
•Secondary effect of insect proteins and chitin?
• Large scale production!
CONCLUSIONS
48
