Holistic Environmental and Energy Management of Buildings · 2009. 1. 5. · Holistic Environmental and Energy Management of Buildings 3 Dr. Marcus Keane 1. Problems of the industry

Dr. Marcus Keane, Department of Civil Engineering, NUIG.

Holistic Environmental and Energy Holistic Environmental and Energy

Management of BuildingsManagement of Buildings

Holistic Environmental and Energy Management of Buildings

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Dr. Marcus Keane

Presentation Outline

1. Problems of the industry and related needs

2. Our proposed solution:

• 2.1. Building Information Model [BIM] based

Performance Framework

• 2.2. BIM and Data Warehouse

• 2.3. BIM and Energy Simulation Models

• 2.4. How do they all work together?

3. The benefits of our technology:

• 3.1. Monitor Building Performances (Building PI)

• 3.2 Optimise Building Operation Strategy (Key

Factors Methodology)


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Dr. Marcus Keane

1. Problems of the industryand related needs

• The man problem is that Building are consuming to much Energy:

• Energy Managers do not have tools that can help them in benchmarking and evaluating the performance of the buildings they

control.

SOURCE of this graph: US - Building Energy Data Book 2007


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Dr. Marcus Keane

2.1 BIM based Performance Framework

• Develop a complete standardised Building Information Model for a given building, that supports life cycle best practice

environmental and energy management & energy performance

evaluation.

IFCGeometry

& Construction

ArchiCAD

DDS-CAD

PF-Tool

Building, Zone, Wall, Window…

Pump, Coil, Pipe, Manifold…

Temperature, Flow, Lighting level…

•Every building component is defined as an object

•The relationship between different objects are identified

PO – Performance objective (e.g. Monitor, Minimise, Maximise)

PM – Performance metric(e.g. Room temperature, Underfloor heating energy provided, heat pump COP)

Data streams required to underpin the selected

framework

Drives

The choice of PO and PM

HVAC systems

Sensors &

Meters

PF

-To

ol


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Dr. Marcus Keane

2.1.1 BIM - Geometry & Construction

• With this process all the geometrical components of the

building are defined in the IFC

and this is the first step of the

BIM.

• Walls, slabs and roofs are defined with their constructions and

related materials are defined with

their properties. In particular:

� λ - Thermal Conductivity [W/(m*K)]

� cp - Heat Capacity [kJ/(kg*K)]

� δ - Density [kg/m3]

• Windows and doors are defined too.

IFCGeometry

&

ConstructionArchiCAD


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Dr. Marcus Keane

2.1.2 BIM - HVAC systems

• With this process all the HVAC components are instantiated

and saved in the IFC file

enriching the information of the

geometry.

IFC

DDS-CADHVAC

systems


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Dr. Marcus Keane

2.1.3 BIM - Sensors, Meters and Performance Framework•Once the Geometry and the HVAC objects HAVE been defined in the IFC file, this process associates to each object we wish one or more:

» PO – Performance objective (e.g. Monitor, Minimise, Maximise)

» PM – Performance metric (e.g. Room temperature, Underfloorheating energy provided, heat pump COP)

•Also all sensors and meters required to provide the datum streams required for the Performance Framework will be instatiated in the IFC file.

IFC

PF-ToolSensors

&

Meters

PF

-To

ol


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Dr. Marcus Keane

Performance Framework Tool (PFT)


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Dr. Marcus Keane

2.2 BIM and Data Warehouse

• Develop a robust and reliable Data Warehouse, able to store the data streams measured, aggregate and represent different

views of the data, as defined in the BIM

Fact Data

Dimensional Data

IFC

Aggregated Data

Hand held device

PC application

(Building PITM)

*.csv


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Dr. Marcus Keane

2.3 BIM and Energy Simulation Models

ArchiCAD IDFGenerator

GST

Solibri

*.ifc EnergyPlus*.idf

IfcExplorer IDFConverter

*.gst

*.ifc

*.idf


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Dr. Marcus Keane

2.4 How do they all work together?


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Dr. Marcus Keane

3.1 Benefits of our technology:Building PI

Screen 1: NavigationScreen 1: Navigation

TreeTree

Additional Information Selections:

Analysis Time Period

Individual Performance Metric

Selection

Report Writing

NavigationNavigation

Interconnected

Zone Performance Table

System Performance Table

Schematics

Master Tree

View of All

Environmental

and Energy

Performance

Objects

ScenariosScenarios

Scenario

Selection

Screen 2: Holistic Performance ApprasialScreen 2: Holistic Performance Apprasial

Panel 1Panel 1 Panel 2Panel 2

Panel 3Panel 3 Panel 4Panel 4

Performance Aspect:

Design and Actual ‘

Z1-2:Gymnasium’

Temperature

Performance Aspect:

Design and Actual

Fabric Gains

Performance Aspect:

Design and Actual

AHU Supply Temperature

Performance

Cooling Coil Energy

Consumption

Performance Aspect:

Design and Measured

Chiller Electricity

Consumption

Ventilation


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Dr. Marcus Keane

The Key factors (Kf) methodology proposes to optimise the value of the operation

strategy factors (e.g. Set point temperature) focusing on their relationship with

energy consumption and comfort of the occupants.

To support the decision making process in relation to the building operation

strategy choices (throughout the BLC).

• Assuming:

� Building dynamic energy simulation models can be calibrated and can be considered robust and reliable;

� Meters, sensors and actuators are available and extensively adopted in the building considered.

3.2 Benefits of our technology:Key Factors Methodology

Once all the possible ranges are decided for

each Kf, different simulations are run through

the energy simulation model and for each of

them 2 outputs are considered:

• Energy performance

• Thermal comfort

This tool may be an option for the

implementation


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Dr. Marcus Keane

- Demonstrator Building – ERI – Environmental Research Institute

1040 m3/a (2007)Consumption of water

15730 m3/a (2007)

173000 kWh/a

Consumption of gas

338000 kWh/a (2007)Consumption of electricity

2600 m2 caNet Floor Area

Offices and LaboratoriesUse

2005Year of construction

University College CorkOwner

Measured data for the minimal data set:

-Overall consumptionOverall consumptionOverall consumptionOverall consumption (Gas, Electricity,

Water);

-Weather Weather Weather Weather (Outdoor Air Temperature,

Relative Humidity, Solar Radiation);

-Indoor conditionsIndoor conditionsIndoor conditionsIndoor conditions (Indoor Air

Temperature, Relative humidity);

-System System System System (Flow and return temperature of

underfloor heating circuit and AHU

heating coil);

The systems:

-88 kW Heat Pump with aquifer open 88 kW Heat Pump with aquifer open 88 kW Heat Pump with aquifer open 88 kW Heat Pump with aquifer open

looplooplooploop

-163 kW Gas Fired Boiler163 kW Gas Fired Boiler163 kW Gas Fired Boiler163 kW Gas Fired Boiler

-4 4 4 4 AHUsAHUsAHUsAHUs for mechanical ventilation of for mechanical ventilation of for mechanical ventilation of for mechanical ventilation of

some zones (incorporating thermal some zones (incorporating thermal some zones (incorporating thermal some zones (incorporating thermal

wheel heat recovery section)wheel heat recovery section)wheel heat recovery section)wheel heat recovery section)

-Solar collectors (evacuated tube and Solar collectors (evacuated tube and Solar collectors (evacuated tube and Solar collectors (evacuated tube and

flat plate) for DHW and preflat plate) for DHW and preflat plate) for DHW and preflat plate) for DHW and pre----heat of heat of heat of heat of

heat pump aquifer loopheat pump aquifer loopheat pump aquifer loopheat pump aquifer loop

-6 heat pumps (2,2 kW) for cold rooms6 heat pumps (2,2 kW) for cold rooms6 heat pumps (2,2 kW) for cold rooms6 heat pumps (2,2 kW) for cold rooms


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Dr. Marcus Keane

Thank you

Documents

Holistic Environmental and Energy Management of Buildings · 2009. 1. 5. · Holistic Environmental and Energy Management of Buildings 3 Dr. Marcus Keane 1. Problems of the industry