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HIV and AIDS
Mrs. K. McVay
Bartlett Yancey High School
Health Education
What is HIV?
• H-Human
• I-Immunodeficiency
• V-Virus
HIV
• HIV attacks the immune system.• HIV is the virus that causes AIDS.• HIV finds and destroys a type of white blood cell
(T cells or CD4 cells) that our immune system needs to fight infections.
• It takes up to three months for our bodies to produce antibodies against HIV. It is important to wait three months after being exposed to a risky behavior before being tested for HIV.
HIV- Where Did It Originate?
• Believed that hunters contracted the disease from a chimpanzee in West Africa.
• Hunters did not contract the virus by having sexual intercourse with the chimpanzee. The virus was actually contracted when the hunters started eating the meat of the chimpanzee.
• HIV was first identified in the mid to late 1970’s in the US after numerous gay men started getting sick with rare types of cancer and pneumonia.
Transmission of HIV
• HIV is found in four main body fluids:
Blood
Semen
Vaginal Fluid
Breast Milk
How Is HIV Spread?
• Sexual Contact
• Sharing Needles
• Contact With Blood
• Mother to Baby
How Is HIV Not Transmitted
• Donating Blood (since 1985 – strict regulations to test blood for HIV)
• Blood Transfusions (since 1985 – strict regulations to test blood for HIV)
• Casual Contact
Signs and Symptoms
• Unexplained, Rapid Weight Loss• Constant Fatigue• Fever/Night Sweats• Diarrhea• Dry Cough (not from smoking or cold)• Swollen Glands/Lymph Nodes (neck, armpit, or groin)• Pink, Blue or Purple Spots – Skin or In Mouth (looks
like bruises but doesn’t go away)• May Go Years Without Getting Sick (10-12)
What Is AIDS?
• A-Acquired
• I-Immunodeficiency
• D-Deficiency
• S-Syndrome
AIDS
• Having AIDS means that the virus has weakened the immune system to the point at which the body has a difficult time fighting infections.
• When a person has AIDS, they are prone to many different infections that could potentially kill them. (Opportunistic Infections-Infections that attack a weakened immune system.)
Things To Remember!
• ANYONE can contract HIV/AIDS.
• There is currently no cure for HIV/AIDS.
• Abstinence is 100% effective in preventing the spread of HIV/AIDS.
• If you choose to have sexual intercourse, always wear a latex condom or polyurethane condom.
HIV IS Real?
• In 2006, 56,300 new cases of HIV/AIDS.
• The CDC estimates that between 24-27% of infected individuals are unaware of their status.
• African Americans accounted for nearly half (49%) of all HIV/AIDS diagnoses in 2006.
Who Should Get Tested?
• Anyone who is having unprotected sexual intercourse.
• Homosexuals• Those who are pregnant or thinking of becoming
pregnant.• Those who have or suspect they have a STD.• Those who have had multiple sex partners.• Those who are or have been IV drug users.
Questions/Concerns
• Is HIV transmitted through kissing?
• Can a woman who test positive for HIV have children?
• What does someone with HIV/AIDS look like?
• Did HIV originate when a gay man had sex with a monkey?
Websites
• www.cdc.gov
• www.epi.state.nc.us
• www.appcnc.org/BirdsNBees.html