CHAPTER I(ADVENT OF A NATIONAL HERO)

Reported By :

Anna Loraine Pimentel and

Nica Joy Candelario

JOSE PROTACIO RIZAL MERCADO Y ALONSO REALONDA

Birth of the Hero

June 19, 1861 in the lakeshore of Calamba, Laguna Province, Philippines.

Father Pedro Casanas a native of Calamba and close friend of the Rizal family, was the Godfather

His mother almost died during the delivery because of his big head.

his name “Jose” was chosen by his mother who was a devoted of the Christian Saint San Jose, (St. Joseph)

Leutenant General Jose Lemery , a former senator of Spain was the governor general of the

Philippines when Rizal was born.

Rizal’s Parents

Father : Francisco Engracio Rizal Mercado y Alejandra II (1818 - 1898)

• Born in Biñan, Laguna on may 11, 1818

• Studied in Latin and Philosophy at the College of San Jose in

Manila

• he was a hardly and independent-minded man, who talked less and

worked more, and was strong in body and valiant in spirit.

• he died in Manila on January 5, 1898 at the age of 80

Father : Francisco Engracio Rizal Mercado y Alejandra II (1818 - 1898)

Mother: Teodora "Donya Lolay" Morales Alonzo Realonda y Quintos

• Born on November 9, 1827 in Meisik (Chinatown), Tondo, Manila.

• She was educated at the college of Sta. Rosa, a well-

known college for girls in the city

• She was a remarkable woman, possessing refined culture, literary

talent, business, ability and a fortified of Spartan woman.

• She died in Manila on August 16, 1911 at the age of 85.

Mother: Teodora "Donya Lolay" Morales Alonzo Realonda y Quintos

Rizal’s siblings

I. Saturnina (1850 – 1913)

Nickname : Neneng

She married Manuel T. Hidalgo of Tanawan, Batangas

II. Paciano (1851 - 1930)

older brother and confidant of Jose Rizal

he died on April 13, 1930

Rizal’s only brother who was 10 years his senior, was more than that of younger to older brother. He was a second father to Rizal and he immortalized in his first novel Noli Me Tangere as the wise Pilosopo Tacio.

III. Narcisa (1852 - 1939)

Pet name: Sisa

She married Antonio Lopez (nephew of father Leoncio Lopez),

a school teacher of Morong.

IV. Olympia (1855 - 1887)

Pet name: Ypia

She married Silvestro Ubaldo, a telegraph operator from Manila

V. Lucia (1857 - 1919)

She married Mariano Herbosa of Calamba, who was a nephew of

father Casanas.

VI. Maria (1859 - 1945)

Nickname: Biang

She married Daniel Faustino Cruz of Biñan,

Laguna

VII. Jose (1861 – 1887)

Nickname: Pepe

He lived with Josephine Bracken, Irish girl from

Hongkong during his exile in Dapitan.

VIII. Concepcion (1862 – 1865)

Pet name : Concha

She died of sickness at the age of 3, her death was Rizal’s first sorrow in life.

IX. Josefa (1865 – 1945)

Pet name: Panggoy

She died an old maid at the age of 80.

X. Trinidad (1868 – 1951)

Pet name: Trining

She also died an old maid in 1951 aged 83.

XI. Soledad (1870 – 1929)

Pet name: Choleng

She married Pantaleon Quintero of Calamba.

Rizal’s Ancestry

• Rizal was a product of the mixture of races. (Negrito, Indonesian, Malay, Chinese, Japanese and Spanish). Predominantly, he was a Malayan

and was a magnificent specimen of Asian manhood.

FATHER SIDE:

Domingo Lameo Ines dela Rosa

Francisco Mercado

Cirila Bernarcha

Juan Mercado

Cirila Alejandro

Francisco Mercado

MOTHER SIDE:

Eugenio UrsulaBenigna (unknown

surname)

Regina

Manuel de Quintos

Brigida

Lorenzo Roberto Alonzo

Teodora

The Surname Rizal

Real surname of the Rizal Family was Mercado which means “market”. It was adopted in 1731 by Domingo Lameo (the paternal great-great grandfather of Jose

Rizal), also a full-blooded chinese. Rizal’s family acquired a second surname – Rizal which was given by

a spanish alkalde mayor of laguna.

THE RIZAL HOME

The house of Rizal family was one of the distinguished stone houses in Calamba during Spanish time. It was a two

storey building, rectangular in shape, built of adobe stones and hand – wood, and roofed with red tiles.

Behind the house were the poultry yard full of turkeys and chickens and a big garden of topical fruit trees – atis, alimbing,

chico, macopa, papaya, santol, etc.

A Good Middle-Class Family

The Rizal family belonged to the principalia, a aristocracy in Spanish Philippines. It was one of the

distinguish families in Calamba.

Beneath their roof, all guests irrespective of their color, rank, social position, and economic

status, were welcome.

Sources of Income:

Harvested rice, corns and sugarcane Raised pigs, chickens and turkeys I their backyard Good stores and a small flour-mill and a home-

made religious ham press which managed by Doña Teodora.

HOME LIFE OF RIZAL

The Rizal family had a simple, contented and happy life.

Don Francisco and Doña Teodora loved their children but, they never spoiled them. They were strict parents and they

trained their children to love God, to behave well, to be obefient and to respect people especially the old folks.

They believed in the maxim: “Spare the rod and spoil the child”.

Additional Informations:

First Love of Rizal

Leonora Valenzuela

Leonora Rivera

First Girlfriend of Rizal

Favorite Professor of Rizal

  Fr. Francisco de Paula Sanchez

Jose Maria Panganiban

Friend of Rizal

A big influence in the formation of the child's character was his association with the parish priest of Kalamba, Father Leoncio Lopez.

The first was Maestro Celestino and the second, Maestro Lucas Padua. Later, an old man named Leon Monroy, a former classmate of Rizal’s father, became the boy’s tutor.

This old teacher lived at the Rizal home and instructed Jose in Spanish and Latin. Unfortunately, he did not lived long. He

died five months later.

After a Monroy’s death, the hero’s parents decided to send their gifted son to a private school in Biñan.

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