History Of Injection

Kholoud AlAamer 430201357Rana AlEdaili 430201242Ebtihal AlShatri 430200826

Heba AlShammari 430202458 Shahd AlShaibi 430200551

Early use

• 900 A.D.: An Egyptian surgeon Ammar ibn Ali al-Mawsili devised a thin, hollow glass tube with suction to remove cataracts from patients’ eyes. At that time, syringes were only used to remove objects or fluid from humans, not inject them.

• In 1650, Blaise Pascal invented the concept of a syringe as an application of what is now called Pascal’s Law.

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• Mid-1830s: Forms of intravenous injection and infusion were used in the early and mid-1830s to treat cholera by the use of intravenous saline.

• The credit for the invention of the hypodermic syringe for medical purposes goes to Doctor Alexander Wood in 1853.

• In the late 1800’s, a prominent surgeon, Doctor William Halstead applied the use of the hypodermic syringe to dentistry, demonstrating that an interstitial injection of aqueous cocaine resulted in an effective inferior alveolar nerve block; that a small amount of anesthetic injected into the trunk of a sensory nerve resulted in a numbing of pain in all of that nerve’s branches. This discovery ushered in a new era of local pain management for both medicine and dentistry.

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Absorption of drugs through skin

• 1- 19th century• The first procedure ( with Plasters )• Example: Morphine• The development of the procedure ( solid

pellets )• Coating silk thread• Intravenous vs. hypodermic ( Subcutaneous

injections )

- Addiction- Increased chance of infection.- Hard to transfer agent to injectable solution.- Increased chance of overdose - Scarring of the peripheral veins - Arterial damage

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17526154http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_injection#Risks http://www.exchangesupplies.org/article_history_of_injecting_and_development_of_the_syringe.php

Common problems with early injections

Development of Injections• Today, science is dedicated to establish an entirely new standard

of care for medical injections, to improve the lives of millions of patients around the globe.

• Until the1960’s the majority of needles and syringes, were re-useable and were supplied unsterilized which lead to the rise of many health problems.

• Throughout the 20th century, the production of precision-made glass and plastic syringes was gradually refined.

• Major advancements had been achieved since then. Such as, the production of syringes and needles with interchangeable parts made to exact specifications, rather than as ‘one-off’ items.http://www.exchangesupplies.org/article_history_of_injecting_and_development_of_the_syringe.php

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• Efforts were made to come up with a better way of its use, designed and patented the plastic disposable syringe that we know today.

• Nowadays a wide range of safe, disposable syringes

is found worldwide. • Needles are: thinner, shorter and sharper, often

specially coated for ease of entry and exit.

• Self-administration of injectable drugs has certainly become a lot safer and easier, even if it is not the greatest thing to have to do every day.http://www.exchangesupplies.org/article_history_of_injecting_and_development_of_the_syringe.php

http://www.milestonescientific.com/about_history.html