HISTORY NEWSLETTERCENTER FOR HISTORY OF PHYSICS NIELS BOHR LIBRARY & ARCHIVES&

AIP Member Societies: Acoustical Society of America • American Association of Physicists in Medicine • American Association of Physics Teachers • American Astronomical Society • American

Crystallographic Association • American Meteorological Society • American Physical Society • AVS: Science and Technology of Materials, Interfaces, and Processing • The Optical Society • The Society of Rheology

Volume 49 (2017), Number 1

ON THE ORIGINS OF “WE ARE STARDUST”By Jacob Berkowitz

We’re all familiar with the term, made pop-ular by astronomer Carl Sagan, folk singer Joni Mitchell, and countless inspirational posters and billboards—we are stardust. Yet, how do we know that we’re stardust? Put another way, what’s the observational evi-dence that we’re made of elements forged in dying stars (the topic of my next book)? Part of it can be found in the Niels Bohr Library & Archives of the American In-stitute of Physics

I became interested in the stardust origins question while writing my previous book, The Stardust Revolution, which chronicles the history of astro-biology. When it comes to the discovery of the expanding universe, we’re quick to point to astronomer Edwin Hubble’s iconic observations of galaxies with greater and greater red-shift the further away they are.

I think the observational evi-dence for our stardust origins was discovered by one of Ed-win Hubble’s Mount Wilson Ob-servatory colleagues: Paul Wil-lard Merrill. Hubble provided the observational evidence for cosmic expansion, Merrill for cosmic evolution. (Evolution in the way biologists, rather than astrophysicists, use the term).

In a nutshell, the observational clincher for our stardust origins was Merrill’s 1951 de-tection—using a spectrogram, taken by the newly minted Palomar telescope—of the short-lived radioactive element technetium

in the atmosphere of a red giant star. With a half-life of only tens of thousands to sev-eral millions of years, astrophysicists quickly surmised that the only way technetium, el-ement 43, could be in the star as if it were making the element—and by extension, most other elements of the Periodic Table.

So how did Merrill know how to spot tech-netium in a star light years away? Here’s where we come to the Niels Bohr Library & Archives. It was Merrill’s one-time Bureau of Standards (now NIST) colleague William Meggers who’d recently published a de-

tailed description of technetium’s spectrum. Technetium, element 43, was only isolated and identified in 1936, the first human made element, thus its name, Greek for artificial. Meggers was one of the world’s leading spectroscopists and in 1948-1949 he spent months painstakingly identifying techne-

tium’s spectral lines and atom-ic energy levels.

Meggers’ massive (more than 100 linear feet) and detailed collection of correspon-dence—including letters from his childhood and home mov-ies—is in the AIP Niels Bohr Library & Archives. I’d read Merrill’s correspondence with Meggers, in the Merrill collec-tion at the Huntington Library in Pasadena. Now I wanted Meggers’ perspective. I found gems. One in particular reaf-firms the value of basic physics research.

In a May 25, 1949 letter to Je-suit Father Alois Gatterer, a spectroscopist at the Vatican Observatory, Meggers wrote:

“At present, I am making de-scriptions of the arc and spark spectra of artificial elements having atomic numbers 43 and 61. We now have several thousand new spectral lines

with wave lengths measured to +/-0.01A, but it is doubtful if they ever have any prac-tical value.”

This from the man who gave Merrill the eyes, so to speak, to see our stardust origins.

Paul Merrill of Mount Wilson Observatory, courtesy of Emilio Segrè Visual Archives.

IN THIS ISSUE...

On the Origins of “We Are Stardust” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

AAPT’s Committee on History & Philosophy in Physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Anton Pannekoek (1873-1960): Marxist and Astronomer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

Stellar Year for Donations to the Niels Bohr Library . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

New Collection of USNS Kane Maiden Scientific Voyage Photographs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

Exhibits in the Library. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

New Staff at the Center for History of Physics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

Documentation Preserved. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

Friends of the Center for History of Physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

The American Institute of Physics’ History Programs are seeking to raise major gifts to build capacity by strengthening programs that currently have partial support and to ensure their sustainability for the long term. The programs include acquisition of the Wenner Collection, the Lyne Starling Trimble Science Heritage Public Lecture Series, Grants-in-Aid, Grants to Archives, and the Emerging Technologies Fund—all of which are instrumental in making widely known the human face of science and the physical sciences’ impact on modern life.

AIP History Programs intend to use a portion of the funds toward fully endowing the Lyne Starling Trimble Science Heritage Public Lecture Series. The series was partially endowed at $100,000 from Professor Virginia Trimble, in memory of her father, who was an innovative chemist, and will be fully endowed at $500,000. The lecture series is an important public outreach initiative featuring prominent science historians and writers who aim to highlight the important roles that science plays in modern society and culture.

Goal: To acquire the rare books and archives in the David Wenner Collection, including 3,800 titles in the history of physics, highlighting Ptolemy, Galileo, Haygens, Halley, Newton, Laplace, and many more leading scientists.

The Grants-in-Aid and Grants to Archives programs fund research in the history of physics and allied sciences (such as astrono-my, geophysics, and optics) and their humanistic interactions. These programs have assisted more than 250 scholars to produce dozens of publications and helped archives make 69 major collections available for research. The programs are partially funded by AIP and endowment income. The Institute aims to expand the programs and complete its endowment of these programs through this campaign.

The Emerging Technologies Fund allows AIP History Programs to keep current with digital technologies. The goal is to satisfy the growing demand for robust online, interactive resources and to make our collections more available to the global commu-nity of scholars and historians. New technologies will also enable staff to preserve and digitize the rarest, most fragile books and documents in AIP’s history collections.

Trimble Lectures

The Wenner Collection

Grants-in-Aid & Grants to Archives

Emerging Technologies

www.aip.org/history-programs2 History Newsletter | Volume 49, No. 1

By Harvey S. Leff, Past-Chair, HPP, California State Polytechnic University-Pomona and Reed College

AAPT’S COMMITTEE ON HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY IN PHYSICS

The mission of AAPT’s Committee on History & Philosophy in Physics (HPP) is to promote interest in the history and philosophy of physics among the Association members, work towards the preservation and deep-ening of a historical perspective in physics education at all levels, develop increased sensitivity among members to the need to preserve careful records of current happen-ings, and cooperate, as appropriate, with AIP’s Center for the History of Physics and APS’s Forum on the History of Physics. Here are some of its recent activities.

The HPP sponsored a session, The Cold War at its Winter 2017 meeting in Atlanta, Geor-gia. John Krige from the Georgia Institute Of Technology spoke on “Atoms for Peace – Or for Proliferation.” He addressed the question, “Did Atoms for Peace make the world a safer place, or did it contribute to the spread of nuclear weapons beyond U.S. control?”

Krige’s colleague at Georgia Tech, Kristie Macrakis, spoke on “Our Machine in Hava-na: The Cuban Missile Crisis and Espionage”. She argued that it was not U-2 spy planes that simply discovered the missiles, but rather that the Central Intelligence Agency used intelligence from Cuban refugees and subsequently verified the existence of medi-um-range missiles on Cuba with the U-2 spy plane.

At the AAPT Summer 2016 meeting in Sac-ramento, California, the Committee spon-

sored a session, The History of Accelerator Physics. Gabriela Quiros, a reporter for KQED in San Francisco, spoke and showed the film, “Homegrown Particle Accelerators,” tracing the history of particle accelerator develop-ment—from Lawrence’s cyclotron at the University of California, Berkeley to the Bev-atron and beyond.

William Barletta, from USPAS, MIT and UCLA, spoke on “Focus on Invention: Accelerator Developments in Lawrence’s Laboratory.” He outlined developments at the University of California, Berkeley campus in the 1930s, and at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Cen-ter, in Menlo Park in the 1970s. These were precursors to the Large Hadron Collider.

Herman Winick, from the SLAC National Ac-celerator Laboratory, spoke on “Synchrotron Light Sources; Then and Now.” He discussed the 50+ synchrotron light sources now in operation around the world, including facili-ties in Brazil, Korea, and Taiwan.

The HPP also co-sponsored a session with AAPT’s Committee on Space Science and Astronomy at the Summer 2016 meeting on Searching for Extraterrestrial Intelligence.

Andrew Siemion from the University of Cal-ifornia at Berkeley spoke on “Beyond the Singularity: The Search for Extraterrestrial Technologies and the Break-through Listen Initiative.” He elaborated on the 10-year, 100-million-dollar search for extraterrestrial

intelligence called Breakthrough Listen, its current observational status, early results and plans for the future.

Gerald Harp from the SETI Institute spoke on “Radio SETI Observations at the SETI Insti-tute.” He reviewed results from SETI search-es spanning decades of observing, and the conclusions drawn to date.

to make a slight detour and visit the Harvard University Archives.

When I arrived in College Park, I immedi-ately started looking through the massive amount of microfilm reels and microfiche cards that formed the SHMA. In some cases, I was slightly disappointed by the amount of correspondence between Pannekoek and a colleague. In the case of Russell, for exam-ple, I only found a single exchange of letters where Pannekoek asks Russell for more de-tail on data he had published, which he duly provided. In many other cases, however, there was a lot more than I had anticipated. In the correspondence of Otto Struve, for example, I not only found letters with Pan-nekoek, but also letters exchanged with Bart Bok discussing the topics of the 1935 Har-vard Summer School where Pannekoek was one of the teachers. Another great find was a short clip shot by Leo Goldberg of Panne-koek and Marcel Minnaert reading through a proposal for the 1948 IAU General Assembly in Zurich. This was the first time I had ever seen moving images of Pannekoek.

The most interesting correspondence I found was that between Hertzsprung and Pannekoek, which started all the way back in 1907 when Pannekoek was working in Berlin as teacher in historical materialism for the German Social Democratic Party (SPD), and lasted until the 1950s when they both reached their 70th birthday. The early cor-respondence mostly concerned research topics, such as photographic plates of Aqui-la that Hertzsprung made for Pannekoek, or Pannekoek’s early naked eye measurements of the periodicity of the Pole Star. Later on, however, as both become directors of their own astronomical institutes, administra-tive topics come more to the forth, like the exchange of students, the founding of a national astronomy journal, or who should be suggested as new member for the Royal Academy of Sciences.

The highlight of my trip to College Park was when I met with David DeVorkin of the Smithsonian National Air and Space Muse-um and Laurence Marschall of Gettysburg College. Marschal had studied Pannekoek in detail himself in the 1980s, but his research never led to a publication. He brought along his notes and letters that he received from students and family of Pannekoek, a wealth of information that will greatly benefit my own research. DeVorkin, meanwhile, is an authority in the field of early quantitative

astrophysics, so it was great to exchange thoughts about parallel developments of astrophysics in Europe and the US and the significance of Pannekoek’s work.

I spent the second week of my research trip in Cambridge, MA, where I visited the Har-vard University Archives, the MIT Archives, and the Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America. The most important cor-respondence I found at Harvard was the one exchanged between Harlow Shapley and Pannekoek, which spanned several decades and contained letters about photographic plates to be taken at the Boyden Observa-tory, the 1935 Harvard Summer School, and the Harvard Tercentenary celebrations the following year, where Pannekoek received an honorary doctorate. There were also let-ters written to Shapley by colleagues who were concerned that Pannekoek would be targeted by the Germans during the Second World War as a result of his communist back-ground. Shapley was able to reassure them by showing them letters in which Pannekoek was still mainly concerned with astronomical

problems, an indication that he was under no immediate threat. The most fascinating story, however, revolved around Elsa van Dien, a Dutch Jewish student of Pannekoek, who received a scholarship in 1939 to finish her doctoral research at Radcliffe College. Before she could sail to the US, however, the war broke out and she had to go into hiding. After the war, she received another scholar-ship and worked at Harvard for two years. After a short research trip to the Dominion Observatory near Vancouver, Canada, how-ever, she was denied access back to the US as her visa had expired. With the help of a young John F. Kennedy, the Harvard astron-omers tried unsuccessfully to obtain another visa for her.

I am very grateful for the Grant-in-Aid pro-vided by the Center for the History of Phys-ics. It allowed me to find a wealth of infor-mation that would have otherwise remained outside of my reach and it has provided me with a greatly enhanced understanding of the astronomical community in the first half of the twentieth century.

I first learned of the AIP Niels Bohr Library & Archives when I was searching for correspon-dence of American astronomers with Dutch astronomer and Marxist Anton Pannekoek (1873-1960). Much has already been written by historians on Pannekoek, but this litera-ture almost exclusively discusses his import-ant role in the development of socialism in the first two decades of the twentieth centu-ry. Pannekoek’s equally important significant contributions to astronomy are almost en-tirely neglected. In my PhD research, I try to uncover what Pannekoek contributed to the

development of astronomy and astrophysics during the first half of the twentieth century.

In my search, I quickly found that Pannekoek had many correspondences with prominent astronomers such as Henry Norris Russell, Harlow Shapley, Ted Dunham Jr., Ejnar Hertz-sprung, Karl Schwarzschild, and others. A couple of Pannekoek’s main correspondents worked at Harvard, so their letters could be found at their University Archives. Most of the other correspondence, however, was spread out over many different universities

throughout Europe and the US. I was de-lighted therefore, when I found out that, as part of the Sources for the History of Modern Astrophysics, many of these letters were col-lected in microform format in a single repos-itory. This is a major advantage because the amount of letters exchanged and the topics discussed are often unclear in advance. From the Center for History of Physics, I received a Grant-in-Aid that allowed me to travel to Col-lege Park and visit the Niels Bohr Library & Archives to conduct my research. As an add-ed bonus, this also made it possible for me

Some of the microfilms used by Chaokang Tai at AIP. Photo courtesy of Chaokang Tai.

Laurence Marschall passing on unique historical material to Chaokang Tai at AIP. Photo courtesy of Chaokang Tai.

By Chaokang Tai, Ph.D. Candidate, Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam

ANTON PANNEKOEK (1873-1960): MARXIST AND ASTRONOMER

Visit the American Association of Physics

Teachers website at

www.aapt.org

www.aip.org/history-programs4 History Newsletter | Volume 49, No. 1 www.aip.org/history-programs 5History Newsletter | Volume 49, No. 1

By Allison Rein, Assistant Director for Special Collections

STELLAR YEAR FOR DONATIONS TO THE NIELS BOHR LIBRARY

Boxes of donated books awaiting cataloging. Photos by NBLA staff.

The Niels Bohr Library & Archives was very privileged to receive an important new col-lection of books at the end of 2016. Dr. Sil-van (Sam) Schweber of Brandeis University, a physicist and one of the most notable his-torians of physics in the country donated over 700 books from his personal library. We are sorry to note that Dr. Schweber recently passed away. His influence in the history of physics, however, will live on in this collec-tion, in his many writings, and through the work of the many historians he mentored.

Please stay tuned for more about this collec-tion as we start unpacking and adding the books to our catalog.

In addition to Dr. Schweber’s donation the library received a wide range of new mate-rials this year, with the bulk of the resources coming in from donations. Some of the pur-chases included such rare books as the Phys-ical Atlas of Natural Phenomena by Alexander Keith Johnston, 1850, an early example of a physical atlas that covers a range of topics in-cluding: geophysics, hydrography, meteorol-ogy, botany, natural history and ethnology. We also purchased the first two volumes of the three-volume set of Lehrbuch der Meteo-rologie by Ludwig Friedrich Kämtz, published in 1831 and 1832. Kämtz was a German phys-icist, considered to be one of the founders of meteorology and geophysics. The first vol-

ume focuses on thoughts and discussion on the atmosphere, while the second focuses on variations in temperature, humidity, and atmospheric electricity. The third volume, published in 1836, is quite rare, but the Li-brary would love to have the complete set one day.

The Niels Bohr Library contains thousands of rare books on the history of modern physics and related fields. The bulk of the collection was printed between 1850 and 1950. The collection ranges from the discovery of the electron and the expanding universe to the history of relativity and quantum theory. It includes such monographs as the 1846 Traité Complet de Magnétisme by Antoine César Becquerel (Henri Becquerel’s grandfather), the 1918 and 1920 editions of Report on the Relativity Theory of Gravitation by A.S. Edding-ton, the 1928 An Introduction to Crystal Anal-ysis by Sir William Bragg, and 1839-1855 Ex-perimental Researches in Electricity by Michael Faraday. In addition to monographs, the Library also has extensive pamphlet collec-tions, including an important collection the relativity/anti-relativity disputes of the 1920s. In 2002 the library microfilmed nearly 2,000 rare and brittle books to ensure the long-term preservation of this unique collection.

The library focused the bulk of its purchas-ing on newly published books, especially

the history of the physical sciences. Some books, written for the general public and focused on long ignored contributors to scientific discovery, like Hidden Figures: The American Dream and the Untold Story of the Black Women Mathematicians Who Helped Win the Space Race by Margo Lee Shetterly and The Glass Universe: How the Ladies of the Harvard Observatory Took the Measure of the Stars by Dava Sobel received a great deal of popular acclaim. Other books, like Inventing Atmospheric Science: Bjerknes, Rossby, Wexler, and the Foundations of Modern Meteorology by James Rodger Fleming and Reality Is Not What It Seems: The Journey to Quantum Grav-ity by Carlo Rovelli, received less media at-tention, but are no less important additions to the collection.

In addition to purchases, the most essen-tial building of the book collection comes through donations. Being without a li-brarian for most of 2016 put us behind on cataloging these donations. Though most donations are no more than a few boxes, every new addition improves the range and comprehensiveness of our collection. We’re hoping to start modifying the collection pol-icy to improve our collections of some ne-glected topics. We are particularly looking for donations of books about science policy, science pedagogy and education, and in-dustrial physics.

The Niels Bohr Library & Archives at the American Institute of Physics continues to seek book dona-tions. We are especially looking for books in our allied fields of rheology, crystallography, optics, acoustics, meteorology, and physics in medicine. Your book donations in these fields will help us with our goal of documenting and promoting the history of the physical sciences and allied fields in the 19th and 20th centuries.

• Textbooks• Lab manuals and other instructional materials• Instrument catalogs• Published correspondence• Biographies and history of science monographs• Institutional histories• Conference proceedings

What type of books do we collect?

Successive editions of texts and conference proceedings are of particular importance to us.

Through collecting books that document the history of science, the Niels Bohr Library & Archives aims to preserve this valuable information for future generations and to provide access for researchers.

We appreciate your help in preserving historical documentation and we will reimburse shipping costs.

Please contact Allison Rein at arein@aip.org or nbl@aip.org if you have any questions or books you wish to donate.

Phone: 301-209-3177

Niels Bohr Library & Archives • American Institute of Physics • 1 Physics Ell ipse • College Park, MD 20740, USA

www.aip.org/history-programs6 History Newsletter | Volume 49, No. 1 www.aip.org/history-programs 7History Newsletter | Volume 49, No. 1

By Bill Woodward, donor, & Audrey Lengel, AIP Photo Librarian

NEW COLLECTION OF USNS KANE MAIDEN SCIENTIFIC VOYAGE PHOTOGRAPHS

The Emilio Segrè Visual Archives recently ac-quired a new collection of over 200 photo-graphic negatives taken in 1968 aboard the maiden scientific voyage of the USNS Kane, a 285 ft. oceanographic research and hydro-graphic survey ship. The negatives were do-nated by the photographer, Bill Woodward, currently the NOAA Integrated Ocean Ob-serving System (IOOS) ATN Network Coor-dinator, who was a member of the scientific team on that 4 month USNS Kane maiden voyage. Since 1968, these negatives were kept safe by Woodward in peanut tins, and are in remarkably good condition.

The scientific team on this voyage aboard the Kane was led by the noted authority on marine geology, Bruce Heezen, of the Lam-ont Geological Observatory. The cruise mis-sion was to gather evidence to help to “un-ravel the history of the Atlantic Ocean floor,” including the theory of continental drift. Dr. Heezen remarked accurately at the time that our results “will go down in history in the ex-ploration of the Atlantic Ocean.”

These newly-unearthed photographs of-fer a personal glimpse into life at sea on an historic scientific expedition, with shots of the ship, crew, and the fascinating array of tools—including the new, at the time, DEC PDP-8 computer—used to gather and pro-cess geological and geophysical data.

Staff at the Emilio Segrè Visual Archives are working to re-house, preserve, digitize, and catalog the full collection of negatives so they will be available to scholars of scientific history well into the future. Look for the full collection of photographs, available soon on our online photo database.

Explore more than

30,000 photos of

scientists and their

from ESVA at

photos.aip.org

Marie Tharp with Marty Weiss and Al Ballard in the recording lab.

Early morning work on deck. All photos courtesy of Bill Woodward.

Team with bottom camera “Big Baduba”.

Bill Woodward with seismic hydrophone arrays.

Bruce Heezen & Marie Tharp watching the real-time Atlantic bottom seismic data on the plotter.

www.aip.org/history-programs8 History Newsletter | Volume 49, No. 1 www.aip.org/history-programs 9History Newsletter | Volume 49, No. 1

By Amanda Nelson, Archivist, and Sarah Cochrane, Assistant Archivist

EXHIBITS IN THE LIBRARY

Did you know that there are two exhibit cas-es in the Niels Bohr Library reading room that are changed out at least once a year to dis-play some of the records, oral histories, pho-tographs, and books from the Niels Bohr Li-brary & Archives? We choose topics or events happening in the physical sciences, both past and present, and use our collections to show how wide-ranging our archives and library are. March was Women’s History Month, so the staff created a new exhibit called “Pio-neers in Physics Her-story” to recognize some of the women who have had an impact on their fields. While there were many to choose from, we chose to highlight one woman from each of AIP’s ten member societies. The women chosen represent society presidents, members, and honorary members. For each woman, the staff selected photographs, re-cords, and books by and about the subject. We also wrote short biographies, and in some cases, pulled interesting quotes from oral his-tory interviews that some of the women have given about their influences or why they chose to go into their respective field.

Additionally, the library and archives staff put together a temporary showcase of archival treasures for the AIP Member Society Rep-resentatives who attended the 2017 Annual Meeting of the Corporation in March. For this exhibition, we pulled examples of photo-graphs and archival materials for each Mem-ber Society, including old member directo-ries, original constitutions, meeting minute books, and brochures. During the brief exhi-bition, the Member Society representatives could look around the reading room, ask staff questions, and see some of the societies’ his-tories.

The staff enjoy showing off our collections and giving people a glimpse into the types of collections we hold in the library and archives that are available for their use. Over the sum-mer, the library will be hosting two Society of Physics Students interns who will be put-ting together a new exhibit. We’re interested in seeing how these budding physicists look at our collections as they decide what they’d like to showcase that they find interesting both in our reading room and with accom-panying social media and web outreach. The “Pioneers in Physics Her-story” exhibit will re-main on display until the next exhibit is ready for installation.

By Amanda Nelson, Archivist, and Greg Good, CHP Director

NEW STAFF AT THE CENTER FOR HISTORY OF PHYSICS

We are pleased to announce that Sarah Cochrane was promoted in January to the position of

Assistant Archivist in the Niels Bohr Library & Archives. Sarah has been part of the archives team

as an archives assistant and project assistant since 2015, and we are thrilled to welcome her as

part of our full-time professional staff. She recently graduated from the University of Maryland

iSchool with her MLIS. Sarah is now the archivist accessioning new collections and working

with our AV collections, along with other archival tasks such as processing and digitizing. Her

work from her time as an assistant on the expansion of our Array of Contemporary American

Physicists (ACAP) into a more inclusive and interlinked resource now called the Physics History

Network (PHN) will be highlighted at a poster presentation with Archivist Amanda Nelson at

this summer’s Society of American Archivists annual meeting.

We are pleased to welcome Emily Martin to the archives team as our new part-time Archives

Assistant. Emily has a BA in Russian history from George Mason University and is beginning a

dual Masters in Library Science and History at the University of Maryland in fall 2017. She will

be working on processing and describing collections, digitization projects, and adding new

biographies and institutional histories to our PHN resource.

The History Center welcomes Samantha Thompson and Stephen Neal as doctoral dissertation

fellows. They will be working for the rest of 2017 as part of the NASA-funded oral history project

on heliophysics. Samantha is a student at Arizona State University. Her dissertation examines

the development and promotion of electronic imaging devices in twentieth century astrono-

my, questioning how eager and willing scientists are to accept new technologies into their pro-

fession. Stephen is a student at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. His dissertation centers on

the International Biological Programme of the 1960s and 1970s, an expansive and coordinated

effort at ecological monitoring around the globe.

The History Center also welcomes Dr. Gabriel Henderson as our new post-doctoral fellow/asso-

ciate historian. Gabe will be with us for the next three years. He earned his Ph.D. from Michigan

State University and was for the last few years a post-doc at the University of Aarhus in Den-

mark. He is currently revising a book manuscript on the roles of U.S. geophysicists in environ-

mental policy in the 1960s and 1970s. At AIP he is developing an oral history project on climate

science, contributing to the NASA heliophysics oral history project, and helping to organize the

2018 AIP Early Careers Conference for the History of Physical Science.

Lastly, the History Center welcomes back Lance Burch, a student of Ron Doel’s at Florida State,

who worked last year on the Teachers Guides on the History of Women and African Americans

in the Physical Sciences. This year Lance is preparing a new AIP web exhibit on the voyage of

the Vema, Columbia University’s oceanographic research vessel that explored marine geology

and paleomagnetism in the 1960s and 1970s.

AIP Member Society Representatives. Photo by NBLA staff.

Treasures selected from the Niels Bohr Library & Archives collections relating to the American Institutes of Physics’ ten Member Societies. Photo by NBLA staff.

Member Society Representatives visiting the Treasures of the Archives exhibit. Photo by NBLA staff.

Sarah Cochrane

Emily Martin

Samantha Thompson

Stephen Neal

Gabriel Henderson

Lance Burch

www.aip.org/history-programs10 History Newsletter | Volume 49, No. 1 www.aip.org/history-programs 11History Newsletter | Volume 49, No. 1

American Philosophical Society. Library. 105 South Fifth Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106, USA

Britton Chance papers. Collection dates: 1913-2010. Size: 275.5 linear feet.

California Institute of Technology. Institute Archives. 1201 East California Blvd. (Mail Code 015A-74), Pasadena, CA 91125, USA

Nicholas Tschoegl papers. Size: 9 storage boxes.

Rochus E. Vogt papers. Size: 47 linear feet.

Case Western Reserve University. Kelvin Smith Library. Special Collections. 11055 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106-7151, USA

Cleveland Rocket Society collection. Collection dates: 1929-1965. Size: 3.26 linear feet.

Charles Baldwin Sawyer papers. Collection dates: 1913-1970 (bulk 1930-1960). Size: 47.94 linear feet.

Cornell University. Carl A. Kroch Library. Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections. 2B Carl A Kroch Library, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA

Norman Baker student papers. Collection dates: circa 1952-1959. Size: 3 cubic feet.

Wilder Bancroft papers. Collection dates: 1896-1953. Size: 10.9 cubic feet.

Geoffrey Chester papers. Collection dates: 1964-2014. Size: 5 cubic feet.

Cornell University Laboratory for Elementary Particle Physics photographs. Collection dates: 1950-2005. Size: 7.6 cubic feet (12 drawers of negatives; 125 volumes of photographs with index).

Sidney Kaufman papers. Collection dates: circa 1930-2007. Size: 2.5 cubic feet.

Robert C. Richardson papers. Collection dates: 1965-2013. Size: 50 cubic feet.

Dartmouth College. Rauner Special Collections Library. Hanover, NH 03755, USA

Oral history interview with William P. Davis. Collection dates: 1997 February 19. Size: 2 sound cassettes (2 hours).

Millet Morgan papers. Collection dates: 1937-2000. Size: 70.5 linear feet (47 boxes).

Institute for Advanced Study. Shelby White and Leon Levy Archives Center. 1 Einstein Drive, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA

Otto Neugebauer papers. Collection dates: 1917-1990 (bulk 1921-1955). Size: 13.25 linear feet (14 boxes).

Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Archives. JPL Archive, MS 512-110, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109-8099, USA

Voyager Project Office documents collection. Collection dates: 1973-1990. Size: 1.2 cubic feet (4 boxes).

Galileo Project records. Collection dates: September 1977-February 1988. Size: 1.7 cubic feet.

Earth Observing System records. Collection dates: 1988-1990. Size: 1.66 cubic feet (5 boxes).

Ulysses Project records. Collection dates: August 1977-December 1988. Size: 18.3 cubic feet.

Surveyor Project documents collection. Collection dates: 1966-1971. Size: 0.3 cubic feet (12 folders).

Mars Pathfinder collection. Collection dates: 1975-1998 (bulk 1987-1997). Size: 26.3 cubic feet.

Titan Mars 1973 collection. Collection dates: 1968-1972. Size: 0.9 cubic feet (21 folders).

Bruce C. Murray collection. Collection dates: 1975-1982. Size: 0.75 cubic feet.

William H. Pickering committee organizations collection. Collection dates: 1962-1970. Size: 1.03 cubic feet (22 folders).

William Hayward Pickering records. Collection dates: February 1970 - March 1989. Size: 5.7 cubic feet.

Earth Science Projects collection. Collection dates: 1970-1991. Size: 4.5 cubic feet (15 boxes).

Project Helios documents collection. Collection dates: 1969-1986. Size: 1.2 cubic feet (4 boxes).

Viking Project correspondence records. Collection dates: 1968-1976. Size: 4 cubic feet.

Viking Project records. Collection dates: 1969-1977 Size: 2 cubic feet.

National Academy of Sciences. 2101 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20418, USA

NRC Committee on Atmospheric Sciences records. Collection dates: 1959-1983. Size: 1.25 linear feet.

Project Mohole records. Collection dates: 1958-1966.

Pennsylvania State University. Libraries. Special Collections Division. University Park, PA 16802, USA

George W. Brindley papers. Collection dates: 1934-1983. Size: 5 linear feet.

Three Mile Island nuclear power plant videotapes. Collection dates: 1979-1990. Size: 3733 video cassettes.

Albert L. Myerson papers. Collection dates: 1942-circa 1989. Size: 2 linear feet.

Stanford University. Department of Special Collections and University Archives. Stanford, CA 94305, USA

Growing pains of physics at Stanford. Collection dates: 2011. Size: Video recording: 2 video files.

Oral history interview with Arthur Bienenstock. Collection dates: 2014 February 19 and May 25. Size: Transcript: 108 pages. Audio recording: 2 audio files.

Sheldon Breiner photograph collection. Collection dates: 1955-2008. Size: 14541 megabyte(s) (8267 computer files).

Donald Leland Carpenter memoirs. Collection dates: 2007. Size: 1 megabyte.

Oral history interview with Theodore H. Geballe. Collection dates: 2013-2014. Size: Transcript: 147 pages.

Stanley Hanna papers. Collection dates: 1938-2002. Size: 24 linear feet (16 cartons).

Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology website collection. Collection dates: 2010-2013. Size: 923 megabytes (2,153 files).

William A. Little papers. Collection dates: 1967-1996. Size: 7.5 linear feet.

Oral history interview with William F. Miller. Collection dates: 2009 July 10 - August 5 Size: Transcript: 161 pages. Audio recording: 5 audio files.

Glen E. Meyers Stanford class notes. Collection dates: 1956-1962. Size: 2.75 linear feet.

Oral history interview with Helen Quinn. Collection dates: 2014 October 07. Size: Transcript: 58 pages. Audio recording: 1 audio file.

Oral history interview with Burton Richter. Collection dates: 2014 May 5-8. Size: Transcript: 87 pages. Audio recording: 2 audio files.

Gravity Probe B records. Collection dates: 1983-2008. Size: 44.75 linear feet (31 boxes).

Musical Acoustics Research Library (MARL) records. Collection dates: 1956-2007. Size: 59.4 linear feet (138 manuscript boxes 3 card boxes).

Stanford University Radio Astronomy Institute records. Collection dates: 1965-1978. Size: 3 linear feet.

Stanford University School of Earth Sciences records. Collection dates: 1893-2005. Size: 18.75 linear feet.

(continued on page 14)

Compiled by Amanda Nelson, Archivist, Niels Bohr Library & Archives

DOCUMENTATION PRESERVED

Our report of new collections or new finding aids is based on our regular survey of archives and other repositories. Many of the collections are new accessions, which may not be processed, and we also include previously reported collections that now have an online finding aid available.

To learn more about any of the collections listed below, use the International Catalog of Sources for History of Physics and Allied Sciences at www.aip.org/history/icos. You can search in a variety of ways, including by author or by repository.

Please contact the repository mentioned for information on restrictions and access to the collections.

NEW COLLECTIONS

www.aip.org/history-programs12 History Newsletter | Volume 49, No. 1 www.aip.org/history-programs 13History Newsletter | Volume 49, No. 1

Oral history interview with George A. Thompson. Collection dates: 2016 January 27. Size: Transcript: 50 pages. Audio recording: 1 audio file.

David Locke Webster, Albert A. Bartlett, and George W. Wheelwright, III correspondence concerning Dr. William Duane. Collection dates: 1954-1970. Size: .02 linear feet (6 items).

Oral history interview with Robert L. White. Collection dates: 2015 September 24-29. Size: Transcript: 103 pages. Audio recording: 2 audio files.

State University of New York at Buffalo. University Archives, 420 Capen Hall, Amherst Campus, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA

Herbert A. Hauptman papers. Collection dates: 1915-2014. Size: 19.4 linear feet (31 manuscript boxes, 7 half manuscript boxes, 1 flat box, 2 map case folders).

Tufts University. Tisch Library. Archives and Special Collections. Medford, MA 02155, USA

Tufts University Electro-Optics Technology Center records. Collection dates: 1986.

University of California, Berkeley. The Bancroft Library. Berkeley, CA, 94720-6000, USA

Elizabeth L. Scott papers. Collection dates: circa 1951-1988. Size: 185 linear feet (148 cartons, 1 oversize folder).

University of California, San Diego. Mandeville Special Collections Library. 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA

Ford A. Carpenter papers. Collection dates: 1935-1944. Size: 1.5 linear feet (2 archives boxes, 1 shoebox, 4 oversize folders, 1 art bin item).

Santa Fe Light Cone Simulation research project files. Collection dates: 2005-2012 (bulk 2005-2007). Size: 683.0 gigabyte(s), 39 digital objects collectively containing 1,797 digital files.

Hans Reissner papers. Collection dates: 1881-1984. Size: 4 linear feet (6 archives boxes and 5 oversize folders.)

Bruno Zimm papers. Collection dates: 1941-2001. Size: 7.6 linear feet (19 archives boxes).

University of Chicago. The Joseph Regenstein Library. Department of Special Collections. 1100 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA

Arthur Holly Compton papers. Collection dates: 1918-1964. Size: 3 linear feet (6 boxes).

University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. University Archives. 1408 West Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL 61801, USA

Andrew V. Granato papers. Collection dates: 1954-2013. Size: 3.0 cubic feet.National Center for Supercomputing Applications clippings file. Collection dates: 1978-2000. Size: 5.5 cubic feet.

National Center for Supercomputing Applications subject file. Collection dates: 1978-2000. Size: 28.3 cubic feet.

University of Texas at Austin. Center for American History. University Archives. Austin, TX 78713, USA

Karl Gordon Henize papers. Collection dates: 1964-1967. Size: 1 foot and 5 inches.

William H. Jefferys papers. Collection dates: 1977-2004. Size: 14 feet and 3 inches.

University of Washington. University Archives. Mailstop #0-10. Seattle, WA 98195, USA

Marcia Baker papers. Collection dates: 1980s. Size: 0.36 cubic feet (1 box).

Robert A. Brown papers. Collection dates: 1965-2007. Size: 5 cubic feet (5 boxes).

J. G. Dash papers. Collection dates: 1963-2003. Size: 4.98 cubic feet (5 boxes and 3 sound tape reels).

Conway B. Leovy papers. Collection dates: 1961-2010. Size: 3 cubic feet (4 boxes).

Seth Neddermeyer papers. Collection dates: 1930s-1970s. Size: 4.17 cubic feet (4 cartons and 1 tube).

Anthony Qamar papers. Collection dates: circa 1960s-2007. Size: 3.56 cubic feet (4 boxes).

Fred L. Ribe papers. Collection dates: 1954-2005. Size: 1.18 cubic feet (2 boxes).

University of Washington Department of Atmospheric Sciences Cloud and Aerosol research group records. Collection dates: 1984-1999. Size: 1.05 cubic feet (3 boxes).

University of Washington Department of Atmospheric Sciences records. Collection dates: 1947-1997. Size: Circa 21.47 cubic feet.

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Carol M. Newman Library. Special Collections Department. P. O. Box 90001, Blacksburg, VA 24062-9001, USA

Frank L. Robeson papers. Collection dates: 1899-1952. Size: 7.6 cubic feet (6 boxes).

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. Archives. McLean lab, MS 8, 360 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA

Elizabeth T. Bunce papers. Collection dates: 1947-1989. Size: 5.5 linear feet (2 boxes plus oversized material and photographs).

James Luyten papers pertaining to Henry Stommel. Collection dates: 1952-1993. Size: 0.75 linear feet (2 boxes).

Joanne Malkus Simpson papers. Collection dates: 1951-1964. Size: 0.25 linear feet (1 box).

Athlestan Frederick Spilhaus papers. Collection dates: 1942-1998. Size: 0.25 linear feet (1 box).

NEW FINDING AIDS

American Philosophical Society. Library. 105 South Fifth Street, Philadelphia, PA 19106, USA

Conference on Science Manuscripts records. Collection dates: 1958-1964.

Delaware County Institute of Science minutes and papers. Collection dates: circa 1833-1873. Size: 1 microfilm reel.

Etienne François Dutour letters. Collection dates: 1744-1756. Size: 26 items.

Daniel Freehauff astronomical calculations. Collection dates: 1778 and 1779. Size: 2 volumes (circa 317 pages).

George Ellery Hale papers. Collection dates: 1882-1937. Size: 100 microfilm reels.

History of Science Society archives. Collection dates: 1935-1986. Size: 57 linear feet.

Michael Jacobs meteorological observations made for the Franklin Institute. Collection dates: 1839-1865. Size: 0.25 linear feet (230 items).

Rittenhouse family papers. Collection dates: 1774-1932. Size: circa 40 items.

Joseph Winlock letterbook. Collection dates: 1857-1875. Size: 1 volume (340 pages).

California Institute of Technology. Institute Archives. 1201 East California Blvd. (Mail Code 015A-74), Pasadena, CA 91125, USA

Frank B. Estabrook papers. Collection dates: 1966-2004. Size: 3.1 linear feet (8 boxes).

National Academy of Sciences. 2101 Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20418, USA

NRC Committee on Polar Research records. Collection dates: 1955-1968. Size: 14 linear feet.

Pennsylvania State University. Libraries. Special Collections Division. University Park, PA 16802, USA

Pennsylvania State University Eberly College of Science records. Collection dates: 1881-2011. Size: 107 linear feet, 45 video cassettes. 8 ledgers.

Pennsylvania State University Environmental Acoustics Laboratory records. Collection dates: 1972-1979. Size: 1 cubic foot.

Pennsylvania State University Materials Research Laboratory records. Collection dates: 1949-1996. Size: 7 cubic feet.

Forrest J. Remick papers. Collection dates: 1956-1005. Size: 126 linear feet.

Smithsonian Institution. National Air and Space Museum. Archives Division. MRC 322, Washington, DC, 20560, USA

National Air and Space Museum Space History Interview Project records. Collection dates: (circa 1985-1995). Size: Interviews with 42 individuals.

Stanford University. Department of Special Collections and University Archives. Stanford, CA 94305, USA

Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation collection of Steve Allen photographic files. Collection dates: circa 1960-1985. Size: 17 linear feet (25 manuscript boxes, 5 cartons).

Stanford University, School of Engineering, Dean’s Office records. Collection dates: 1915-1998 (inclusive), 1925-1955 (bulk). Size: 20 linear feet (20 boxes).

University of California, Berkeley. The Bancroft Library. Berkeley, CA, 94720-6000, USA

Oral history interview with Elizabeth Rauscher. Collection dates: 2012. Size: Transcript: 94 pages.

Otto Stern papers. Collection dates: circa 1888-1969. Size: 5 cartons, 1 volume, 1 oversize box, 1 oversize folder (circa 8.25 linear feet).

(continued on page 16)

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University of California, San Diego. Mandeville Special Collections Library. 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA

Oceanography: [videorecording] / the making of a science: people, institutions and discovery. Collection dates: 2000. Size: 4.4 linear feet (11 archives boxes); 256 gigabytes (108 digital files).

University of Chicago. The Joseph Regenstein Library. Department of Special Collections. 1100 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA

Albert Einstein papers. Collection dates: 1921-1954. Size: 0.25 linear feet (1 box).

Yoichiro Nambu papers. Collection dates: 1917-2009. Size: 43 linear feet (86 boxes).

University of Texas at Austin. Center for American History. University Archives. Austin, TX 78713, USA

Frank Norman Edmonds Jr. papers. Collection dates: 1950-1986. Size: 14 linear feet.

Robert N. Little papers. Collection dates: 1935-1986. Size: 3 inches.

University of Washington. University Archives. Mailstop #0-10. Seattle, WA 98195, USA

Joost Businger papers. Collection dates: 1957-1976. Size: 8 linear feet.

Philemon Edwards Church papers. Collection dates: circa 1932-1966. Size: 3 feet.

Hans G. Dehmelt papers. Collection dates: 1989-1990. Size: circa 0.42 cubic feet.

Boris Abbott Jacobsohn papers. Collection dates: 1946-1965. Size: circa 7 feet.

Fred Henry Schmidt papers. Collection dates: 1940-1988. Size: circa 18 cubic feet.

Edward A. Stern papers and oral history interviews. Collection dates: 1973-1997. Size: circa 1.19 cubic feet and 25 sound cassettes.

Edwin A. Uehling papers. Collection dates: 1925-1984. Size: 28 linear feet.

University of Washington Applied Physics Laboratory records. Collection dates: 1930-1973. Size: circa 0.21 cubic feet.

University of Washington Department of Astronomy records. Collection dates: 1952-1972. Size: 1 folder.

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Carol M. Newman Library. Special Collections Department. P. O. Box 90001, Blacksburg, VA 24062-9001, USA

John W. Townsend papers. Collection dates: 1949-1990. Size: 5 cubic feet.

Browse or search the finding aids at

history.aip.org/ead

We gratefully acknowledge the support of many Friends whose contributions have helped to preserve and make known the history of physics and allied sciences. This list is our public acknowledgment of Friends who contributed in 2016 to the Center for History of Physics. Patrons contributed $2,500 or more; Sponsors contributed $1,000 to $2,499; Colleagues contributed $500 to $999; Associates contributed $250 to $499; and Members up to $249. Bookplate donations honor or memorialize a colleague while supporting the purchase or conservation of rare books. * Designates our Physics Heritage Donors, who have given each year for the past seven years or more. ‡ Designates a recently deceased donor. If you would like to join the Friends in supporting the Center for History of Physics, please write to us at: One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740-3843, call 301-209-3006, e-mail development@aip.org, or visit our web page at https://donate.aip.org/helphistory.

FRIENDS OF THE CENTER FOR HISTORY OF PHYSICS

PATRONSMorrel H. CohenRussell J. Donnelly ‡Robert & Sarah NewcombElizabeth Roemer ‡Benjamin B. Snavely

SPONSORSJames R. Clynch*Hans Frauenfelder*Roderick M. Grant*Brian J. KieferVictor W. LaurieJohn B. & Patricia N. PegramGordon P. Riblet*Keith Runge*Virginia TrimbleTheodore T. Wall*Eri Yagi

COLLEAGUESWilliam T. BridgmanWilliam F. BrinkmanMarc H. Brodsky*Ralph L. BurnhamEdward K . ConklinLoyal Durand*Larry & Judith EastSandra M. FaberBernard Gottschalk*Bill HassingerWarren HeckrotteJohn L. HeilbronKenneth R. Hogstrom*Judy C. Holoviak*Bruce A. KowertAlan D. KrischArlo U. Landolt*James S. LangerHarry Letaw*Dan McCammonRex D. Pendley*Robert K. RaderSteven R. Riedhauser*Stephen L. ShapiroGary W. Sjolander*

James L. Smith*Spencer R. Weart*

ASSOCIATESStephen Chase & Margaret AyresSunanda BasuDavid BerleyJoseph P. Bevak*George F. Bing*Derek BoydDavid C. Cassidy*Jack H. & Rita Colwell*John Cook*Peter Cziffra*Eleanor C. DahlH. Frederick & Linda Dylla*G. G. EichholzRichard M. ElrickGuy T. Emery*William E. Evenson*Alexander L. FetterKenneth W. Ford*Paul FormanEdwin Fuller*Wendy W. Fuller-Mora*Theodore & Frances H. Geballe*Joshua N. Goldberg*Gordon L. Goodman*Nancy Greenspan*James E. Hammerberg*Shaun Hardy*Charles H. HolbrowRush D. HoltCharles E. HortonDavid W. IgnatCharles F. KennelKern Kenyon*Toichiro Kinoshita*Rikio Konno*Michael A. KrissLouis J. Lanzerotti*Marvin LitvakJill MarshallChristopher H. Marshall*John C. MatherDavid K. McCarthy*

John L. McClure*Hendrik J. MonkhorstPhilip E. NielsenWilliam & Janice ParkerWilliam F. Pickard*John S. PriceQuyangi QiDon D. ReederR. G. Robertson*Nancy G. Roman*Gregory J. RonanCarl RosenfeldLuther W. Smith*James StoneTakao TanikawaRichard D. Taylor*Sam B. TrickeyJean-Francois S. Van HueleMotoi WadaAdrienne H. WoottersGeorge O. Zimmerman

MEMBERSKoichi AbeLouis W. Adams*Lewis E. AgnewMercedes M. AgoginoMichele L. Aldrich+Moorad AlexanianDavid J. AllardLawrence AlquistGordon Wood. Anderson*R. Joseph. AndersonPhilip W. AndersonLowell L. Anderson*Anonymous DonorMichael W. Arenton*Dewayne A. BackhusGeorge J. BaierWilliam A. BardeenMarcia Frances BartusiakIrene Beardsley & Dan Bloomberg*Leonard C. BeavisFrederick D. BecchettiJohn Bechhoefer

(continued on page 18)

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The Lyne Starling Trimble Science Heritage Public Lecture Series features prominent science historians and writers who highlight

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Stephen A. BeckerArthur BienenstockIgnacio & Jennifer BirrielSteven R. BleierJohn David BohlinCharles A. Bordner*Timothy H. BoyerMatthew Briggs & Brenda E. DingusDonald W. BrillJohn C. BrowneStephen G. Brush*William. BurdettPatricia V. Burke*Bruce C. BurkeyEarl F. BurkholderNancy A. Burnham*Stephen H. Burns*William T. ButtlerWarren E Byrne*Andrew C. CampbellBartley L. CardonMary C. CavallaroWilliam C. CavalloJoseph Cerny*Thomas M. Christensen*Kurt ChristoffelDonald D. Clayton*James A. Cole*Robert C .Cook*Ruth Schwartz CowanPatrick CraneStephen Craxton*Julian C. CummingsWilliam T. DannheimTeymour DarkhoshJan & Lynn W. DashLuis de la PenaRobert L. De Zafra*Kenneth G. DemersSamuel DenhamDolores C. DerringtonStanley DeserJoseph Di RienziAlexander K. DickisonPaul & Eleanor W. DicksonAllen C. DotsonRichard J. Drachman*Philip Lewis DreikeTimothy E. EastmanRobert S. EhrlichTheodore L. EinsteinFred T. Erskine*Donald C. Faust, Jr.Steven R. Federman*Richard B. FerenJoe & Jean L. FergusonRichard J. FieldRobert W. FieldCarl C. FieldsArvel L. Fincher

Michael E. FisherPhilip C. Fisher*Allen Flora*Patrick FolzKenneth Fowler*Eduardo H. FradkinGustave C. FralickAlbert J. FrancoWilliam G. D. FrederickLaurence W. FredrickKlaus FritschMary Katharine Gaillard*Robert T. GarciaNeil GehrelsMichael L. GeorgeSam H. GhalebIvar Giaever*Owen GingerichJoseph A. GiordmaineMaurice GlicksmanRobert P. Godwin*Alfred S. GoldhaberAlbert Goldstein*Joel E. GordonHoward GordonLeon Gortler*Harvey A. GouldClemence R. GraefWalter T. GrandyRichard W. GranvilleThomas GreensladeEdward L. GrissingThomas H. Groves*Sol M. & Rosemarie Gruner*William J. Gunning*Rajendra Gupta*William C. GussBlanca L. HaendlerGerhard E. HahneMelvyn L. Halbert*Bertrand I. HalperinJoseph H. HamiltonPhilip W. HammerJorgen L. Hansen*Wesley H. Harker*Marguerite HarningRodney E. HarringtonAlan W. Harris*Frederick A. Harris*Raymond W. HasseMichael HauserJo N. Hays*Jeffrey C. Hecht*Otto HeinzLeon HellerDennis C. HenryGeorge A. HerbertThomas W. HickmottArthur N. HicksJeanne Hladky

Christine A. HlavkaLillian H. HoddesonRosamond Hooper-HamersleyJohn L. HubiszJames S. Jarratt*David C. JohannsenRobert L. JohnsonMichael D. Jones*Lawrence W. Jones*Kevin M. JonesRichard R. JoyceH. J. Juretschke*Thomas KelsallRay E. KidderCharles H. King*Paul I. KingsburyM. B. KirkhamMiles V. Klein*Adrienne and Rocky KolbVictor Korenman*Thomas A. Koster*Paul KozlowskiRaymond L. KozubJohn Kronholm*Roger O. Ladle*Michel L. LapidusJames D. LarsonRobert G. LauttmanA. C. Lawson*William J. LaytonHarvey S. LeffGarry LevmanDavid R. LideDonald H. LiebenbergJohn LitkeChelcie B. LiuC. D. Livengood*John M. LivingoodPeter N. LombardJohn H. LowensteinChris Lubicz-NawrockiThomas LucatortoDavid D. Lynch*Tim LynchMaura & Michael Mackowski*Mark L. Maiello*Stephen P. MaranVincent M. MartinekJohn V. Martonchik*Frederick J. MayerRobert B. McKibbenJohn A. McKinneyJohn L. McKnightJonathan MerselHorst MeyerRobert C. MichaelsonJohn Michel*Ronald E. MickensHerman L. MillerW. E. & Sharon Moerner

Mark B. Moffett*Bernhard P. MolldremJagadeesh Moodera & Geetha BereraKurt R. Moore*Robert A. MorseEduardo R. MuccioloMark R. Mueller*George P. Mueller*John S. Muenter*Djafar MynbaevMark Nagumo*Anthony V. NeroDwight E. NeuenschwanderRichard J. Noer*Marilyn E. NozMary Jo NyeJan H. J. OeleringGoetz H. OertelJ. George O’KeefeRobert OlnessCatherine O’RiordanDennis L. OrphalWilliam H. Orttung*Geraint & Ruth Owen*Chrys E. PapadopoulosG. W. PaxtonNeil K. Perl*Peter Pesic*Michael PlettDonald E. PowersMonroe S. Z. RabinStephen J. RantR. Ronald RauRichard T. RauchJoseph ReaderGeorge RedlingerAntonio RedondoRobert P. RedwineRandolph A. Reeder*T. Douglas ReillyWilliam A. ReupkeStanley W. RhodesStephen & Diane L. RichterJohn S. & Diana W. Rigden*Richard A. RobieHoward K. Rockstad*

Alan RogersEdward J. Rojek*Robert RolewiczKenneth L. Rose*Lawrence G. Rubin*Roy RubinsteinRobert SahakyanAkira SakaiRichard H. SandsRoberta P. Saxon*Philipp G. SchmelzleRobert and Barbara Schneider*Jack Schneps*Alan SchoenfeldMelvin J. SchwartzBrian B. Schwartz*Jerry A. SelvaggiJan V. Sengers*Frederick D. Seward*Wesley ShanholtzerAlan E. Shapiro*Yitzhak Y. SharonJoel F. ShermanJoseph C. Shields*Richard S. SilberglittRonald K. SmeltzerLary R. SmithEugene R. Smith*James L. Snelgrove*Arnold L. Snyder*Daniel I. SoberSiavash H. SohrabCharles M. Sommerfield*Lee R. SorrellCherrill M. SpencerPhilip A. StahlFrieda A. Stahl*Robert W. Standley*Richard Stephens*Frank Stern*Donald T. StevensonJames R. Stevenson*Janet T. StewartLouis T. SteyaertJames H. Stith*Ian E. Stockdale*

Bertram & Lynne StriesHarry Stuckey*Roger H. StuewerFolden B. Stumpf*Jean H. SwankHarvey D. TananbaumFrank R. TangherliniJoseph S. Tenn*George Tessler*David R. ThiessenDeborah TollGeorge H. TrillingCarol-Ann TrippAlvin W. TrivelpieceBenjamin M. W. Tsui*William L. UngerBjarne E. UrsinZenaida UyMichael Vaughn*Robin & Antoinette Verdier*Ronald J. Versic*James P. WadeDavid L. WallachRonald A. WaltonPeter J. WandererRobert L. WarasilaCharlotte WardGeorge D. Watkins*Bill Weaver*William R. WheelerJohn A. & Rebecca WhiteStephen H. WhiteRalph M. Wilcox*Donald Wilke*James G. WilliamsPaul P. WoskovBradford L. Wright*Louise G. YoungGlenn R. YoungLawrence YounghouseClyde S. Zaidins*Carl R. Zeisse*Albert ZellerWalter B. ZimmermanJohn W Zwart*

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Center for History of PhysicsAmerican Institute of PhysicsOne Physics EllipseCollege Park, MD 20740-3843

HISTORY NEWSLETTERA Publication of the American Institute of Physics

Staff MembersGregory A. Good, Director, Center for History of PhysicsMelanie Mueller, Director, Niels Bohr Library & ArchivesChip Calhoun, Digital ArchivistSarah Cochrane, Assistant ArchivistNathan Cromer, Graphic & Web DesignerGabriel Henderson, Associate HistorianStephanie Jankowski, Senior Administrative SupportAudrey Lengel, Photo LibrarianEmily Martin, Archives AssistantSean McEnroe, Digitization Assistant Amanda Nelson, ArchivistAllison Rein, Assistant Director of Special Collections

This newsletter is a biannual publication of the Center for History of Physics, American Institute of Physics, One Physics Ellipse, College Park, MD 20740; phone: 301-209-3165; e-mail: chp@aip.org or nbl@aip.org. Editor: Gregory A. Good. The newsletter reports activities of the Center for History of Physics and Niels Bohr Library & Archives, and other information on work in the history of the physical sciences.

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