Historical Terms and Definitions

Students will gain an understanding of the meaning ofimportant historical terms.

Students will learn the definitions of words that are key to understanding United States history.

Students will comprehend how interpreting maps helps to clarify the meaning of many historical terms and concepts.

A 19th century American belief that it was the destiny of the United States to expand its territory over the entire North American continent

Manifest Destiny

http://www.historyonthenet.com/American_West/manifest_destiny.htm

1.

Photo by Glenda Sullivan

A prehistoric Native American archaeological site in Southeastern Oklahomawhere twelve mounds can be found on the 150 acre protected site

Spiro Mounds2.

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/18/United_States_Louisiana_Purchase_states.png

Louisiana

Purchase

3.

A situation that arose in 1832 during the presidency of Andrew Jackson when leaders of South Carolina, led by John C. Calhoun, advanced the idea that a state did not have to follow a federal law and could “nullify” the law

http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_BZFYe98kpkk/S-vDQaJACUI/AAAAAAAAC4k/WNZ1txQdZ-U/s400/Destruction+of+the+Snake+South+Carolina.jpg

Nullification Crisis

4.

http://www.tntwebs.com/escapeslavery.jpg

http://historyscoop.files.wordpress.com/2009/11/map16.gif

A network of peoplewho helped theescaped slaves ontheir way tofreedom in thenorthern states orCanada

UndergroundRailroad

5.

http://www.history.com/images/media/slideshow/slavery-the-battle-over-slavery/united-states-1854.jpg

http://www.alomani.com/knowledge/history/us/images/Abolitionists.jpg

http://tdl.org/txlor-dspace/bitstream/handle/2249.3/617/images/image20.jpg

A movement whose goal was theimmediate emancipation of allslaves and the end of racialdiscrimination and segregation

Abolitionist Movement6.

http://www.soldierstudies.org/images/webquest/civil%20war%20soldiers.jpg

The belief that one section or region of acountry is better than any other section ofregion of that country Example: North vs. South led to Civil War

7.

http://classconnection.s3.amazonaws.com/314/flashcards/1391314/jpg/sectionalism1355492663453.jpg

Sectionalism

http://jackiewhiting.net/AP/Images/Missouri_Compromise_map.jpg

An 1820 congressional agreement that regulated the extension of slavery inthe United States--The territory of Missouri was admitted as a slave state.The territory of Maine was admitted as a free state. The boundaries of slavery were limited to the same latitude as the southern boundary ofMissouri, 36º30´ N.

8.

http://media.photobucket.com/user/kacup/media/0050_ku_klux_klan_03.jpg.html

A secret society organized in the South after the Civil War advocatingmaintenance of white supremacy by violent methods

Ku Klux Klan

9.

http://www.mrnussbaum.com/civil_war/jim_crow2.jpg

https://woodward8.wikispaces.com/file/view/restrooms.jpg/39680354/restrooms.jpg

http://envisioningtheamericandream.files.wordpress.com/2013/08/racist-sign-31-swscan10607.jpg

State and local laws in the United States enacted between1876 and 1965 that mandatedracial segregation in many publicand private facilities in Southern states of the former Confederacy

Jim Crow laws

10.

http://cdn.dipity.com/uploads/events/d7348b276f38bc340409f1705c35c412_1M.png

11.

A federal law signed by President Chester A. Arthur in 1882, prohibiting all immigration of Chinese laborers

Chinese Exclusion Act

http://www.zcommunications.org/nativism-is-big-business-by-meghan-conley.html

The policy of protecting the interests of native born or establishedinhabitants against those of immigrants

Nativism

12.

http://historoda.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/2121487586_f3af3a15ae.jpg

The process by which a country transforms itself from a primarilyagricultural society into one based on the manufacturing of goodsand services

Industrialization

13.

http://www.cartoonwork.com/unions_g54-employee_free_choice_act_p317.html

http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Wjilb5KunI0/UhwNIt6pjNI/AAAAAAAACE8/uL7tdRXs4GU/s1600/labor+day2.jpg

A movement from 1865-1919 in the United States to protect the commoninterests of workers and to get them better wages, reasonable hours, and safer working conditions--The movement was initiated by strikes thatbegan because of wage cuts, new inventions of machinery, and thedepersonalization of workers.

Labor Movement

14.

http://img.docstoccdn.com/thumb/orig/112824118.png

The demand forchange orprogress in aneffort to curemany of theills of theAmericansociety that haddevelopedduring thegreat spurt ofindustrialgrowth in thelast quarter ofthe 19th

Century

Progressive Movement 15.

http://cache2.artprintimages.com/p/LRG/30/3032/KYVBF00Z/art-print/cartoon-of-president-theodore-roosevelt-as-a-muckraker-cleaning-up-the-meat-scandal.jpg

A term coined during the Progressive Era based on a literary characterwho was so busy cleaning and raking up the muck and dirt that hedidn’t see the good things that were above his head

Muckrakers

16.

http://staff.harrisonburg.k12.va.us/~cwalton/USHistory/suffrageparade.jpg

http://bsumaps.blogspot.com/2010_08_01_archive.html

http://americanwiki.pbworks.com/w/page/12595194/Black%20Suffrage

The right to vote inpolitical elections

Suffrage

http://imgc.allpostersimages.com/images/P-488-488-90/61/6184/ZT81100Z/posters/women-s-suffrage-1920.jpg

17.

http://images.fineartamerica.com/images-medium-large-5/temperance-movement-1890-granger.jpg http://www.tenontours.com/assets/Irish-Temperance-Movement.jpg

A movement led mostly bywomen in the 19th & early20th centuries to encouragemoderation in the consumptionof alcoholic beverages orto prohibit the use of alcohol completely

Temperance Movement18.

http://greece.mrdonn.org/athensdemocracy.html

A form of governmentin which people chooseleaders by voting

Democracy

http://cathysvoicenow.files.wordpress.com/2012/11/printelect-i-voted-today.jpg http://www.themomoftheyear.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/11/MP9003848741.jpg

19.

Photo by Glenda Sullivan

A social organization in which all economic & social activity is controlled by a totalitarian state dominated by a single political party Communism

20.

http://c3e308.medialib.glogster.com/media/57/57a08fbf9147da3dd3caed5de51d376d7ad64838fca19058f49e771cd7201bc6/westward.jpg

In summary, as we study historical geography, keep in mind thecorrelation between the two disciplines. For example, the historicalterm westward expansion is an example of one of the five themes of geography: Movement of goods, people and ideas from place to place.