HIgh Risk Travellers, Foreign Fighters

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High RiskTravellersForeign Fighters

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September 2014

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Caveat

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The information contained In this product belongs to the Canada Border ServicesAgency (CBSA). it should not be reclassified or disseminated without prior consent ofthe originator. The information must be stored, transmitted and safeguarded inaccordance with its Classification ievel, as outlined in the Government Security Policyand the CBSA Security Policies, If access is requested under the Access to InformationAct or the Privacy Act, no decision shouid be taken Without prior consultation with theoriginator, as the information may be tubject to exemptions. Requests for additionaluse should be forwarded to the Security Intelligence Section at

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Foreign Fighters

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Issue

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Issue

• A growing number of individuals are travelling abroadwith the intention of joining foreign conflicts

• Conflicts have active terrorist elements with whom theycan join or receive training from

• Individuals could return to Canada further radicalizedand could use their experience and networks developedto conduct terrorist activities at home or recruit newfighters by funding and facilitating their travel

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Government Response

• Number of agencies and departments have a mandateto use different tools — continuum of actions to helpcontain and mitigate the threat

• CBSA

• Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS)

• Passport Program Integrity Branch (PPIB)t

• Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP)

• Transport Canada (TC)

• Provincial and local police

• Foreign Governments

Previously known as Passport Canada. Now part of Citizenship and Immigration

Canada (CIC).

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Implications for the CBSA

• Support investigations by partner agencies intoindividuals identified as suspected foreign fighters

• Notify partner agencies when previously unknownsuspected foreign fighters are identified

• Potential removal/inadmissibility under IRPA

• The CBSA has encountered suspected foreign fightersat all major airports in Canada and several land POEs,both inbound and outbound

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Implications for the frontline

CBSA frontline personnel —* first Canadian governmentofficials to encounter returnees

• May encounter previously unknown suspected foreignfighters

— Inbound —, returnees from confHct zones

— Outbound — trave) with intent to join foreign conflicts


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Legislative authority

Authorities:— Customs Act (CA) —+ Hate propaganda

— Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) and Terrorist FinancingAct (PCMLTFA)

— Criminal Code of Canada (CCC), s.83t

— Immigration and Refugee Protection Act (IRPA), s. 34 and/or 35

• Other legislation/policy to adhere to:— Charter of Rights and Freedoms

— Youth Criminal Justice Act

— CBSA Code of Conduct and Ethics

Reference C8SA Enforcement Manual

Recent amendments to s.83 of the CCC make it a criminal offense to travel forterrorism purposes. Refer to sections 83.191, 83.201 and 83.202 of the CCC.


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Foreign Fighters

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IndicatorsSyria and Iraq

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Foreign Fighters

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Encounters

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Syria & Iraq

Visual Aids

Detailed Maps

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Control of Terrain in Syria: September 11, 2014, Institute for the Study of War,

available at: http://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/control-terrain

syria-september-11-2014


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Syria: April 29, 2O14

Double click the map below in edit mode to open full resolution PDF

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Map of Turkey-Syria border

Double click the msp below in edit mode to open full resolution PDF

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Foreign Fighters

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Visual AidsExtremist Groups

in Syria/Iraq

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Sunni Extremist Groups in Syriallraq

• Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIL) aka IslamicState of Iraq in Syria (ISIS) aka Islamic State (IS)


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Sunni Extremist Groups in Syriallraq cont.

Al Qaeda (AQ) Flag used by AQ affiliates


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AQ flag in use worldwide


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Ansar al-Sham

ANSAR AL-SHAM


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Harakat Ahrar al-Sham al-lslamiyya

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• Islamic Front

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Jabahat Al-Nusra (JN)


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Jaysh al-Islam


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Jaysh al-Muhajirin Wal-Ansar (JMA)


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Sunni Extremist Groups in Syria/Iraq cont.

Kurdish Islamic Front


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Liwa aI-Haqq

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Liwa &-Tawhid


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Sunni Extremist Groups in Syria/Iraq cont.

Liwa al-Umma

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• Suqour al-sham brigade

r0flS


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Hizballah

Shia Extremist Groups in Syriallraq

) 4sjLLI


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Shia Extremist Groups in Syriallraq cont.

Kata’ib Sayyid al-Shuhada

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Liwa’a Abu Fadi al-Abbas’s

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Liwa’a ‘Ammar Ibn Yasir

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Liwa’a Zulfiqar’s


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Liwa’aI Imam al-Hasan aI-Mujtaba (LIHM)

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Sariyya al-TaN-a al-Khurasani (STK)

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Benghazi— The Signs of Al Qaeda, January 02, 2014, FrontPage Magazine, available

at: http ://www.frontpagemag.com/2014/dawn-perlm utter/benghazi-the-signs-of-al

q a ed a/

One finger hand sign

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• AQ hand sign commonly used by jihadists symbolizing‘one God” and their willingness to be killed for Islam,thus attaining martyrdom and entrance into paradise.t

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ISIS Sends a Message: What Gestures Say About Today’s Middle East, September 03,2014, available at: http://www.foreignaffairs.com/a rticles/141956/nathaniel-ze in sky/i si s-sends-a-message

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ISIS fighters in Syria (July 2014)t

One finger hand sign cont.


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One finger hand sign cont.

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• Chechen Rebels

TRAITS C)OLTIOO TSAAOST


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V for Victory hand sign

• General symbol of defiance, protest, and selfexpression. Used by a variety of individuals to supportlegitimate and illegitimate causes.

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V for Victory hand sign cont.

V sign used at an ISIS rally

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V sign in Libya

V for Victory hand sign cont.

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Foreign Fighters

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ContactInformation

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Contact Information

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Security Intelligence SectionIntelligence Operations and Analysis Division

Questions? Comments?

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Documents

HIgh Risk Travellers, Foreign Fighters