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High-Performance Building Design
ANSI/ASHRAE/USGBC/IES Std 189.1-2011
Dennis Stanke, FASHRAE
October, 2012
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 2
Approved for 1.5 GBCI hours for LEED professionals
Ingersoll Rand
High-Performance Building Design: Standard 189.1-2011 Course ID: 0090008755
1.5
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 3
“Trane” is a Registered Provider with The American Institute of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to CES Records for AIA members. Certificates of Completion for non-AIA members are available on request.
This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product.
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 8
ASHRAE Standard 189.1-2011
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 9
• An ANSI standard in mandatory-language
• First published in 2009, republished in 2011, and
scheduled to be republished in 2014
• Co-sponsored by ASHRAE, USGBC, and IES
• It’s not a guideline, labeling system, rating system or
code. It’s a mandatory-language standard.
What is Standard 189.1?
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 10
• To provide minimum requirements for the design of
HPGB projects
• It builds on the requirements in other ASHRAE
standards, primarily Std 90.1 and Std 62.1
• It provides one project compliance path for the
International Green Construction Code (IgCC)
• In the future, it may provide technical content for
green-building rating programs (like LEED)
What’s Its Intent?
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 11
ICC Model Code
ASHRAE
Standards
Std 90.1
Std 189.1
Std 62.1
Std 55
Std 180
189.1 Path (Minimum
Requiremts)
Local High
Performance
Green Building
Codes
ICC Path (Jurisdiction
plus Project
Electives)
Other Sources
Expertise
ANSI Stds
I-Codes
ASHRAE standard 189.1
How It Fits With HPGB Codes
IgCC
for Project IgCC
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 12
ICC Model Code
Std 189.1 Path
• Focus on new projects
• Fewer requirements
• Less flexibility
• Easier to enforce
189.1 Path (Minimum
Requiremts)
Local High
Performance
Green Building
Codes
ICC Path (Jurisdiction
plus Project
Electives)
ASHRAE standard 189.1
How It Fits With HPGB Codes
IgCC
for Project IgCC
ICC Path
• New & existing
buildings
• More requirements
• Jurisdictional & project
electives for more
flexibility
• More difficult to enforce
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 13
• Section 1, 2, 3: Purpose, Scope, Definitions
• Section 4: Administration and Enforcement
• Section 5: Site Sustainability
• Section 6: Water Use Efficiency
• Section 7: Energy Efficiency
• Section 8: Indoor Environmental Quality
• Section 9: Atmosphere, Materials and Resources
• Section 10: Construction and Plans for Operation
• Normative References
• Normative Appendices A thru F
Standard 189.1 Content
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 14
• Applies to commercial, institutional and high-rise
residential buildings
• Essentially, same scope of buildings covered by
Std 90.1 and Std 62.1
Section 2: Scope
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 15
• Building projects: Comply with Sect 4-11, App A-F
• Each section requires compliance with all mandatory
provisions (section x.3) and (usually) with either:
– Prescriptive provisions (section x.4), or
– Performance provisions (section x.5)
Performance
Subsection x.5
Prescriptive
Subsection x.4
A
N
D
OR
Section 4: Administration and Enforcement
Fewer, simpler
calculations
Mandatory
Subsection x.3
More flexible,
requires
simulation
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 16
• Section 1, 2, 3: Purpose, Scope, Definitions
• Section 4: Administration and Enforcement
• Section 5: Site Sustainability
• Section 6: Water Use Efficiency
• Section 7: Energy Efficiency
• Section 8: Indoor Environmental Quality
• Section 9: Atmosphere, Materials and Resources
• Section 10: Construction and Plans for Operation
• Normative References
• Normative Appendices A thru F
Standard 189.1 Content
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 17
• To reduce urban sprawl and conserve resources,
restrict HPGB project sites:
– Allowable sites, e.g.
Within an existing building envelope
Brownfield site (e.g., documented as contaminated)
Greyfield site (with >20% impervious surfaces)
Greenfield site (with 20% or less impervious surfaces) but
with significant restrictions
– Disallowed sites: near floodplain, near fish/wildlife
conservation areas, near wetlands
Site Sustainability – 5.3 Mandatory: Site
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 18
• To reduce urban heat island effect and associated
increased energy use and decreased air/water quality:
– For > 50% of hardscape, provide one or more of (e.g.):
Trees and plants or structures for shading
Paving materials with minimum SRI of 29
Open-graded, porous pavers, etc.
Under-building parking
– For above-grade east & west walls, shade >30%
– In climate 1-3, cover at least 75% of roof surface with:
>78 SRI materials for low-sloped roofs (<2:12)
>29 SRI materials for steep-sloped roof
Site Sustainability – 5.3 Mandatory: Urban Heat Island
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 19
• To reduce light pollution:
– Comply with Std 90.1-2010, section 9, provisions for
exterior lighting power allowances and control
– For various lighting zones, comply with maximum
ratings in Table 5.3.3.2A and B. For example, for lights
located >2 mounting heights from property line in LZ2
(areas with limited nighttime use):
Backlight: Maximum = B2 (per IES)
Uplight: Maximum = U2 (per IES)
Glare: Maximum = G2 (per IES)
Site Sustainability – 5.3 Mandatory: Light Pollution
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 20
• To otherwise reduce project impact:
– Do not allow invasive plants
– Reduce transport impacts:
Provide pedestrian walkways to public way or transit stop
Mark parking-lot walkways
Site Sustainability – 5.3 Mandatory: Miscellaneous
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 21
Site Sustainability – 5.4 Prescriptive: Site Development
• To prevent excessive rainwater runoff (which impacts
water table, pollutes streams):
– On any site, provide >40% of site with any of (e.g.):
Vegetation
Porous pavers, or
Permeable pavement or pavers
– On a greenfield site
Retain or restore or develop native or adapted plants on at
least 20% of site
At least 60% of developed vegetated areas must consist of
native or adapted plants other than turfgrass
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 22
Site Sustainability – 5.5 Performance: Site Development
• If using the performance option …
• Prevent excessive rainwater runoff:
– For projects within existing building envelope, manage
at least 20% of average annual rainfall
– On greyfield or brownfield sites, manage at least 40%
of annual rainfall
– On all other sites (greenfield), manage at least 50% of
annual rainfall
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 23
• Section 1, 2, 3: Purpose, Scope, Definitions
• Section 4: Administration and Enforcement
• Section 5: Site Sustainability
• Section 6: Water Use Efficiency
• Section 7: Energy Efficiency
• Section 8: Indoor Environmental Quality
• Section 9: Atmosphere, Materials and Resources
• Section 10: Construction and Plans for Operation
• Normative References
• Normative Appendices A thru F
Standard 189.1 Content
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 24
Water-Use Efficiency – Site 6.3.1 Mandatory
• To reduce site (outdoor) water use:
– Landscape: At least 60% of improved landscape must
be native or adapted plants, other than turfgrass
– Irrigation: Automatic irrigation systems must use
hydrozoning for appropriate watering (e.g., grass
versus shrubs)
– Controls: Irrigation must be controlled using either:
Smart controllers based on evapotranspiration (ET) and
weather data to adjust irrigation schedules and amounts
to at least 80% of ETc and no more than 10% excess
Or, moisture sensors to shut off irrigation
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 25
Water-Use Efficiency – Building 6.3.2 Mandatory
• To reduce building water use:
– Plumbing fixtures and fittings must comply with listed
efficiency requirements (e.g., 1.28 gal/flush toilets)
– Appliances:
Dwelling-unit appliances (clothes washers and
dishwashers) must meet ENERGY STAR requirements
Public-access clothes washers must have maximum
Water Factor of 7.5 gal/ft3 of drum capacity
– Roofs – must not use potable water for:
Roof-spray cooling systems
Irrigation of vegetated roofs (once established)
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 26
Water-Use Efficiency – 6.3.2 Mandatory: Building Water Use
• To reduce building (basically indoor) water use (cont.):
– HVAC systems
Must not use once-through cooling with potable water
Control cooling towers & evap coolers (makeup & blow-
down meters, conductivity controllers, overflow alarms
Must limit cooling tower drift to max 0.002% (counter-flow)
or 0.005% (cross-flow) of recirculated water volume
Must recover condensate from HVAC equipment > 5T in
climates with design mean coincident wb of 72F or higher
Mech Designer
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 27
Water-Use Efficiency – 6.3.3 Mandatory: Management
• To manage water consumption:
– Must use measurement devices with remote
communications to collect consumption data for
potable, municipally reclaimed and alternate water
sources
– Must record consumption data hourly and collect daily
– Must use data management systems capable of
reporting hourly, daily, monthly and annual water
consumption for each measurement device, and
provide alarm as required
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 29
Water-Use Efficiency – Site 6.4.1 Prescriptive
• To reduce site-water use:
– For golf course irrigation, use only municipally reclaimed
or on-site recovered water (no potable water)
– For other landscaped areas, irrigate with ≤ 33% potable
water
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 30
Water-Use Efficiency – Site 6.5.1 Performance
If using the performance option …
• To reduce site water use
– Estimate water use using calculations and generally
accepted engineering standards
– Estimated use of potable must be ≤35% of irrigation
water demand
– Estimated water demand, based on sum of
evaporation and transpiration for climate, must be:
≤ 70% of ET for turfgrass areas
≤ 55% of ET for all other areas
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 31
Water-Use Efficiency – Building 6.4.2 Prescriptive
• To reduce building water use:
– Cooling tower discharge water cycles of concentration
(essentially evaporation rate) must not exceed:
≤ 5 if makeup water hardness is less than 200 ppm, or
≤ 3.5 if makeup water hardness is more than 200 ppm
Mech Designer
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 32
Water-Use Efficiency – Building 6.4.2 Prescriptive (cont)
• To reduce building water use (cont):
– Commercial food service must use:
High-efficiency spray valves (1.3 gpm or less)
ENERGY STAR dishwashers and ice machines
Food steamers consuming no more than 2.0 gal/hr
Combination ovens consuming no more than 10 gal/hr
Hands-free faucet controllers
– Medical, laboratory facilities must meet specific
requirements for: steam sterilizers, film processor
water recycling units, etc.
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 33
Water-Use Efficiency – Building 6.4.2 Prescriptive (cont)
• To reduce building water use (cont):
– Special water features must use:
On-site recovered or municipally reclaimed makeup water
Makeup water meters
Leak detection
Recirculation systems
Pools must use: backwash recovery, reusable filters or
backwash filters with pressure sensors
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 34
Water-Use Efficiency – Building 6.5.2 Performance
If using the performance option …
• To reduce building water use:
– Estimate water use using calculations and generally
accepted engineering standards
– Design for total annual building water use ≤ to the level
achieved by compliance with Section 6.3.2, 6.4.2, 6.4.3
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 35
• Section 1, 2, 3: Purpose, Scope, Definitions
• Section 4: Administration and Enforcement
• Section 5: Site Sustainability
• Section 6: Water Use Efficiency
• Section 7: Energy Efficiency
• Section 8: Indoor Environmental Quality
• Section 9: Atmosphere, Materials and Resources
• Section 10: Construction and Plans for Operation
• Normative References
• Normative Appendices A thru F
Standard 189.1 Content
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 36
Energy Efficiency – 7.3 Mandatory
• To reduce energy use:
– Meet Std 90.1-2010 mandatory requirements for
envelope, HVAC, service water heating, etc.
– Prepare for on-site renewable energy with minimum
capacity of 6 kBtu/hr-ft2 times roof area (single story) or
10 kBtu/hr-ft2 times roof area (more than single story)
– Manage energy consumption
Provide measurement devices with remote communications
Collect and record energy-use data hourly
Provide capacity to store data for at lease 36 months and
report energy use hourly, daily, monthly and annually
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 37
Energy Efficiency – 7.4 Prescriptive: Renewable, Envelope
• To reduce off-site energy use
– Provide on-site renewable energy sources that produce at
least 6 kBtu/hr-ft2 times roof area (single story) or 10
kBtu/hr-ft2 times roof area (more than single story)
• To reduce envelope-related energy use, meet Std 90.1-
2010 Section 5, exceeding specific requirements, e.g.:
– Provide more insulation
– Provide less vertical fenestration
– Provide more permanent projections for shading
– Provide higher solar heat gain coefficient (fenestration)
– Provide continuous air barrier
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 38
Energy Efficiency – 7.4 Prescriptive: HVAC
• To reduce HVAC-related energy use, meet Std 90.1-
2010 Section 6, and exceed specific requirements, e.g.:
– Meet EPAct minimum equipment efficiencies, OR
– Use equipment with efficiencies that exceed ENERGY
STAR requirements or exceed Std 90.1 requirements
Mech Designer
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 40
Energy Efficiency – 7.4 Prescriptive: HVAC (cont.)
• Exceed Std 90.1-2010 Section 6 requirements (cont):
– Provide DCV controls for more spaces (25 p/1000 ft2
instead of 40 p/1000 ft2)
– Provide economizer cooling in more climate zones (all
except 1a, 1b)
– Increase VAV reheat restrictions (less VAV reheat)
– Reduce fan system power limitation by 10%
– Require energy recovery in more systems (those with OA
down to 10% instead of down to 30% of design SA)
– Increase energy-recovery efficiency from 50% to 60%
Mech Designer
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 41
Energy Efficiency – 7.4 Prescriptive: HVAC (cont.)
• Exceed Std 90.1-2010 Section 6 requirements (cont):
– Use variable-speed fans for all commercial-kitchen hood
exhaust and makeup air, not just 75% of it
– Increase duct insulation values
– Automatically turn off lights and HVAC in hotel rooms
Mech Designer
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 42
Energy Efficiency – 7.4 Prescriptive: Service Water, Power
• To reduce service-water energy use, meet Std 90.1-
2010 Section 7, and exceed specific requirements, e.g.:
– Use higher efficiency equipment
– Increase pipe insulation
– Insulate pools and spas
• To reduce power-related energy use, meet Std 90.1-
2010 Section 8, and:
– Use automatic controls to reduce electric peak demand by
not less than 10% of projected peak demand
Mech Designer
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 43
Energy Efficiency – 7.4 Prescriptive: Lighting
• To reduce lighting-related energy use, meet Std 90.1-
2010 Section 9, and exceed specific requirements, e.g.:
– Reduce max interior/exterior lighting power allowance
using lower lighting power density (LPD) factors
– Use occupancy sensors to reduce lighting power by at
least 50% of maximum in specific areas (hallways, stacks)
– Limit security lighting power to 0.1 W/ft2
– Reduce daytime exterior-sign power to 35% max at night
– Reduce nighttime exterior sign power to 70% max after
midnight
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 44
Energy Efficiency – 7.4 Prescriptive: Other Equipment
• To reduce other-equipment energy use, meet Std 90.1-
2010 Section 10, exceeding specific requirements, e.g.:
– Increase electric motor efficiency
– In supermarkets, recover condenser heat to meet either:
25% of full load heat rejection
80% of space heat, service water heating and
dehumidification reheat requirements
– Use ENERGY STAR appliances
– Use efficient commercial refrigerators, freezers and
clothes washers
Mech Designer
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 45
Energy Efficiency – 7.5 Performance: Compare to Baseline
If using the performance option …
• Std 90.1 Energy Cost Budget method is prohibited
• Follow Appendix D (which exceeds requirements of
Std 90.1-2010, App G) to demonstrate:
– Annual energy cost ≤ compliance with Section 7.3, 7.4
plus energy-related provisions in Section 5, 6, and 8.
– Annual CO2 equivalent ≤ compliance with Section 7.3,
7.4 plus energy-related provisions in Section 5, 6, 8.
– Annual peak electric demand ≤ compliance with
Section 7.3, 7.4 plus energy-related provisions in
Section 5, 6, and 8.
Mech Designer
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 46
• Section 1, 2, 3: Purpose, Scope, Definitions
• Section 4: Administration and Enforcement
• Section 5: Site Sustainability
• Section 6: Water Use Efficiency
• Section 7: Energy Efficiency
• Section 8: Indoor Environmental Quality
• Section 9: Atmosphere, Materials and Resources
• Section 10: Construction and Plans for Operation
• Normative References
• Normative Appendices A thru F
Standard 189.1 Content
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 47
Indoor Environmental Quality – 8.3 Mandatory: IAQ
• To improve indoor air quality (IAQ), meet Std 62.1-2010
Section 4-7, exceeding specific requirements, e.g.:
– Minimum OA rate ≥ ventilation rate procedure OA rate
– For VAV, measure minimum OA rate with accuracy of
±15% of minimum, and alarm if OA rate is non-compliant
– Upstream of coils, use MERV 8 filters (not MERV 6)
– For OA cleaning, use at least:
MERV 8 (not MERV 6) in PM10 non-attainment areas (NAA)
MERV 13 (not MERV 11) in PM2.5 NAA
40% O3 air cleaners in all O3 NAA (not just very high NAA)
Mech Designer
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 48
non-attainment areas PM 10 (size ≤ 10 microns)
US EPA AQS Database January 17, 2007
• MERV 6 OA filters for Std 62.1-2010 • MERV 8 OA filter for Std 189.1-2011 • MERV 6 LEED EQ prerequisite
Mech Designer
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 49
non-attainment areas PM 2.5 (size ≤ 2.5 microns)
US EPA AQS Database January 17, 2007
• MERV 11 OA filters for Std 62.1-2010 • MERV 13 OA filter for Std 189.1-2011 • MERV 11 LEED EQ prerequisite
Mech Designer
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 50
non-attainment areas 40% Ozone Air Cleaning
US EPA AQS Database January 17, 2007
LA, Riverside, Long Beach
• Std 62.1-2010: Where 4th highest 8 hr max exceeds 0.107 ppm – near LA
• Std 189.1-2011: Where 4th highest 8 hr max exceeds 0.080 ppm – many cities exceed NAAQS
Mech Designer
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 51
Indoor Environmental Quality – 8.3 Mandatory: IAQ (cont.)
• To improve indoor air quality (cont):
– NO SMOKING: Prohibit smoking indoors (rather than
separation of ETS areas per Std 62.1)
– NO SMOKING: Prohibit smoking outdoors within 25 ft of
any entrance, intake or operable window
– Provide walk-off systems (mats) at entries
A scraper surface
An absorption surface
A finishing surface
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 52
Indoor Environmental Quality – 8.3 Mandatory: Thermal, Acoustic Comfort
• To provide thermal comfort
– Comply with Std 55-2010 Section 6.1 (design) and 6.2
(documentation)
• To provide acoustic comfort
– Meet specific envelope provisions to limit exterior sound
transmitted to the space
– Meet specific wall and floor/ceiling provisions to limit
space-to-space sound transmission
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 53
Indoor Environmental Quality – 8.3 Mandatory: Daylighting
• To increase use of daylighting (for buildings ≤ 3 stories,
> 20,000 ft2 directly under a roof, ceiling height > 15 ft,
or lighting power density (LPD) > 0.5 W/ft2:
– Provide toplighting for at least 50% of the floor area
– Provide minimum ratio of toplighting-to-daylight area,
based on LPD for daylight area (3% if 0.5 W/ft2 > LPD >
1.0 W/ft2)
– Use skylights with haze value > 90%
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 54
Indoor Environmental Quality – 8.3 Mandatory: Soil Gas
• To reduce pollutants from soil, brownfield and “Radon
Zone 1” sites must include soil-gas retarding systems
Mech Designer
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 56
Indoor Environmental Quality – 8.4 Prescriptive: Daylighting
• To provide daylighting by sidelighting
– Offices and classrooms must include:
Prescribed sidelighting minimum effective aperture
Minimum sidelighted area width ≥ 75% of wall length
Interior ceilings with light reflectance ≥ 80%
– In offices, non-north facades must include either:
Shading projection factor (PF) ≥ 0.5
Shading with louvers, sun shades, light shelves, etc., or
Building self-shading using roof overhangs or recessed
windows
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 57
Indoor Environmental Quality – 8.5 Performance: Daylighting
• Use specified simulation methods to demonstrate
compliance with:
– Illuminance requirements (30 fc on a plane 2.5 ft above
floor) within 75% of daylight areas in offices and
classrooms
– Direct sunlight limitations in offices -- work surfaces
must be exposed to direct sunlight 20% or less of
occupied hours
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 58
Indoor Environmental Quality – 8.4 Prescriptive: Materials
• To reduce contaminants from materials:
– Adhesives and sealants and paints and coatings shall
comply with either:
Cited VOC emission limits, or
Cited VOC content limits
– Floor coverings shall comply with requirements of
California Section 01350 for carpets and for hard
surface flooring in offices and classrooms
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 59
Indoor Environmental Quality – 8.4 Prescriptive: Materials (cont.)
• To reduce contaminants from materials (cont):
– Composite wood and agrifiber products shall:
Contain no added urea-formaldehyde resins
Comply with specific cited emission limits
– Office furniture installed prior to occupancy shall:
Be tested per ANSI/BIFMA M7.1
Not exceed limit requirements in Appendix E
– Ceiling and wall systems shall comply with:
Cited emission limits for offices or classrooms
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 60
Indoor Environmental Quality – 8.5 Performance: Materials
• To reduce contaminants from materials:
– Model all emissions from listed products/materials and
individual VOC concentrations
– The sum of individual VOC concentrations must
comply with cited limits
– Modeling for the building must include minimum criteria
listed in Appendix F
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 61
• Section 1, 2, 3: Purpose, Scope, Definitions
• Section 4: Administration and Enforcement
• Section 5: Site Sustainability
• Section 6: Water Use Efficiency
• Section 7: Energy Efficiency
• Section 8: Indoor Environmental Quality
• Section 9: Atmosphere, Materials and Resources
• Section 10: Construction and Plans for Operation
• Normative References
• Normative Appendices A thru F
Standard 189.1 Content
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 62
Atmosphere, Materials, and Resources – 9.3 Mandatory
• Manage construction waste, e.g:
– Divert ≥ 50% of construction waste from landfills by
recycling and/or reuse
– Limit construction waste <12,000 lbs/10,000 ft2 floor area
• Extract, harvest and/or manufacture per local law
• Refrigerants – no CFC-based refrigerants
• Dedicate floor space for collection and storage of:
– Recyclables
– Reusable goods
– Fluorescent and HID lamps and ballasts
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 63
Atmosphere, Materials, and Resources – 9.4 Prescriptive
• Increase use of reduced-impact materials:
– Recycled plus salvaged material content ≥ 10% of total
cost of building materials
– Regional material (obtained within 500 mi radius)
content ≥ 15% of total cost of building material
– Biobased products ≥ 5% of cost of building materials
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 64
Atmosphere, Materials, and Resources – 9.5 Performance
• Perform a life-cycle cost assessment (LCA) of at least
two building alternatives:
– To comply, one alternative must show ≥ 5%
improvement over the other(s) in at least two impact
categories (land use, resource use, climate change,
ozone layer depletion, human health effects, etc.)
– Compare alternatives following specified LCA procedure
– Submit LCA report and third party peer review to AHJ
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 65
• Section 1, 2, 3: Purpose, Scope, Definitions
• Section 4: Administration and Enforcement
• Section 5: Site Sustainability
• Section 6: Water Use Efficiency
• Section 7: Energy Efficiency
• Section 8: Indoor Environmental Quality
• Section 9: Atmosphere, Materials and Resources
• Section 10: Construction and Plans for Operation
• Normative References
• Normative Appendices A thru F
Standard 189.1 Content
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 66
Construction and Plan for Operation – 10.3 Mandatory: Construction
• To assure “high performance” construction:
– Perform acceptance testing for buildings ≤ 5,000 ft2
Complete specific tasks prior to building permit and prior
to building occupancy
Test specified systems (mechanical, lighting, etc.)
Complete specific tasks related to documentation
– Employ project commissioning for buildings > 5,000 ft2
Complete specific tasks prior to building permit, prior to
building occupancy and post-occupancy
Test specified systems
Complete specific tasks related to documentation
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 67
Construction and Plan for Operation – 10.3 Mandatory: Construction
• To assure “high performance” construction (cont):
– Develop and implement an erosion & sediment control
(ESC) plan for all construction activities
– Develop and implement an IAQ construction
management plan that includes:
Provisions to protect air system materials from dirt
Install filters prior to HVAC operation during construction
Limit HVAC operation to startup, testing, balancing, and
commissioning
Perform post-construction flush-out for defined time or
until defined contaminant concentrations are attained
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 68
Construction and Plan for Operation – 10.3 Mandatory: Construction
• To assure “high performance” construction (cont):
– Control moisture during construction
Protect materials from moisture
Discard materials with signs of microbial growth
– To reduce construction-site pollution, locate vehicle
staging areas at least 100 ft from any OA intakes,
operable openings, etc.
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 69
Construction and Plan for Operation – 10.3 Mandatory: Operation
• To assure “high performance” operation:
– Develop a “Master Building Plan for Operation” to
address:
Site sustainability: plant maintenance and replacement
Water-use efficiency: water-use verification to track and
assess water consumption
Energy efficiency: energy-use verification to track and
assess energy consumption
Indoor environmental quality: meet requirements of
Std 62.1 Section 8 – periodic maintenance activities for
specific components
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 70
Construction and Plan for Operation – 10.3 Mandatory: Operation
• To assure “high performance” operation (cont):
– Develop a Maintenance Plan requiring:
Compliance with Std 180 for HVAC and other systems
Documentation of completed maintenance tasks be
maintained on-site
– Develop a Service Life Plan to help plan for operation,
maintenance and replacement
– Develop a Transportation Management Plan to help
reduce employee/tenant commuting energy
Project Team
Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 71
In Summary: Standard 189.1-2011 Covers A Lot!
• Site provisions to reduce landscape impact, urban heat
island, light pollution and storm water runoff
• Provisions to reduce water-use, both outdoors and indoors
• Provisions to reduce energy-use energy use, emissions and
peak demand
• IEQ provisions to help keep building occupants comfortable,
healthy and productive
• Materials provisions to reduce impact on resources as well
as earth and atmosphere (reduce, reuse, recycle)
• Construction provisions and plans for operation to help
ensure the HPGB is constructed and operated as intended
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Standard 189.1 … Design of High Performance Green Buildings 72
In Summary: Green Building Codes are Coming
• ASHRAE Std 189.1-2011, “The Standard for Design of
High-Performance Green Buildings” is here
• International Green Construction Code (IgCC-2012) is here
with two project compliance options:
IGCC provisions (Chapter 1-12) OR
Chapter 1 of IGCC and Std 189.1-2011 provisions
• Expect HPGB local codes based on Std 189.1 or IgCC
(e.g., Phoenix, Scottsdale, Rhode Island, Fort Collins,
Boynton Beach FL, Keen NH, Richland WA)
• Expect some customers to base project requirements on
Std 189.1 (e.g., US Army)
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