Hiba (Gift) in Islam

7/21/2019 Hiba (Gift) in Islam

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Defnition o Hiba (Git) and its

Signifcance in Sharia

By

Ahmed Shahir Usmani


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1-Defnition o Git (Hiba): To give someamont o !ea"th or goods (in se" #onsent)

by a matre or sane $erson is #a""ed Git% &st"i'e giving a hose money or #"othes to as"im brother !ithot any #om$ensation%

*-The !ord Hiba a""s nder both Git and+harity% ,ords "i'e git #harity ransom anddonation a"" has simi"ar meanings% the

giver !ishes to earn A""ah.s mer#y by givingto needy or de$endant is #a""ed #harity andi the intention is de#"aration o "ove orreveren#e it.s #a""ed ransom% neither o

the t!o (#harity and ransom) then it is Hiba


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/-Hiba is a 0e#ommended A#tion% There areeviden#e o Hiba in the Ho"y r.an and

2ro$het.s (S) Ahadith% A""ah said in ther.anI they, o their own goodpleasure, remit any part o it to you,a!e it and en"oy it with right good

cheer#$(%l&'isa)#

3-2ro$het hammad (S) sed to give and

ta'e git% And the 2ro$het has em$hasi4ed itbe#ase it em$o!ers brother"y "ove bet!eens"ims and embar's a $ositive im$a#t onthe so#iety ths 2ro$het said 567#hange

gits among yorse" so it !i"" im$rove


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Ayesha (0) said82ro$het hammad (S) sed toe7#hange gits8%

2ro$het hammad Said867#hange gits among yorse" be#aseit de#reases hosti"ity 5%


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9-A##ording to Ahna Hiba is done by oerand a##e$tan#e be#ase it is "i'e a se"";

ho!ever $ossession is a $i""ar o Hibabe#ase $ossession is mandatory to #"aimo!nershi$ in o$$ose to se"" in !hi#ho!nershi$ #an be #"aimed !ithot$ossession%


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and !anted to ma'e 2ro$het (S) a !itnesso this Hiba% Then the 2ro$het (S) as'ed5Have yo given simi"ar git to a"" yor

#hi"dren ?8 he re$"ied 5no8 2ro$het (S) said5Ta'e yor git ba#'8 o""o!ed by 5@earA""ah and serve st and e=a"ity amongyor #hi"dren8% This statement $roves that

in Hiba it is mandatory or $arents to servesti#e and e=a"ity among #hi"dren or e"seit !i"" be deemed as atro#ity%


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a!ing ac! Git a s"im ta'es ba#' the item !hi#h !as

gited to another s"im brother or re"ativerom his $ossession then it is #onsidered asa very immodest a#tivity% 2ro$hethammad (S) has given a very serios

e7am$"e or this a#tivity as Abbas (0)narrated a 2ro$het.s (S) saying 5The$erson !ho ta'es ba#' his git is "i'e a dog!hi#h eat its o!n vomit8 this Hadith

ree#ts abot the a#tivity o ta'ing ba#' agit% Ho!ever in some #ases it hase7#e$tions "i'e a ather #an ta'e ba#' hisgit rom a #hi"d as 2ro$het (S) said 5t isnot $ermissib"e or a man to ta'e ba#' his


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Ayesha (0) said that Ab Ba''ar Siddi=i(0) gave her t!enty !asa= o date as a git%

,hen Ab Ba''ar (0) sered death i""nessthen he as'ed her 5C "ove"y daghter gited yo t!enty !asa= o dates i yo hadta'en those in $ossession then it !o"d

have been on"y yors% De to yo haven.tta'en their $ossession it sho"d bedistribted to my heirs a##ording to the

boo' o A""ah% (A" ota"amam a"i')t is $ermissib"e or a ather to ta'e !ea"throm his #hi"dren as $er the need on"y in#ondition that the #hi"dren mst not ser

any "oss or damage% Ayesha (0) narrated


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2ro$het hammad (S) said8 The best yohave #onsmed is ot o yor o!n earnings

and !ithot a dobt yor #hi"dren is yorearning8% (A"-Tirmidhi) this Hadith-e-babara'a has many sense !hi#h dire#t sthat a ather #an ta'e $ossession o his

#hi"dren.s !ea"th !hi#h is not rom hisneed and #an a"so #onsme it i his #hi"drendoesn.t ser "oss% 2ro$het a"so said 5oand yor !ea"th is yor ather.s $ro$erty8(Snnan Ab Dad)% Ths it is essentia" or a#hi"d to serve his ather by both !ea"th andso"% Ho!ever it is not $ermissib"e or a

ather to ta'e $ossession o his #hi"d.sro ert at the #ost o his #hi"d.s "oss or


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Git and donation 'ee$ a!ay ma"evo"en#e andma"ignan#e and en#orage "ove and devotion%2ro$het hammad (S) said 567#hange git

among yorse"ves be#ase they 'ee$ a!ayma"evo"en#e and ti in heart8 (A" Tirmidhi)% Gitsho"d not be avoided even in a sma"" amonthen#e it is re#ommended to #om$ensate or that

as !e""% A##ording to mam B'hari 52ro$het (S)sed to a##e$t gits and give in retrn8% t is one othe =a"ities o the s"ami# aith and a de#"arativeo the tmost res$e#t% ,hen a $erson de#"ares his

de$osited or "ent item as a git to "essee there !i""be no need or $ossession to ta'e $"a#e in order to#"aim o!nershi$ as the "atter is a"ready in$ossession o the gited item% S$$ose a "ender

de#"ares the "ent item as a git to the "essee then


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t is not $ermissib"e to ma'e git ob"igatory ortre or instan#e a git !i"" be given i a #ertain

amont is earned% Time a#tor in git is not$ermissib"e or instan#e a git is given or a#ertain $eriod o time "i'e a month or a year% Thereason being or this #ondition is that the

intention behind giving a git is to ma'e other theo!ner o the gited item hen#e it is not$ermissib"e to in#"de time a#tor in it% &st "i'e ina sa"e time a#tor is not $ermissib"e%

+ondition o death in a git is $ermissib"e orinstan#e someone de#"ares that ater my death

#ertain item !i"" be gited to yo This !i"" be

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Hiba (Gift) in Islam