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Help! My Entire Class Has ADHD! Is it really ADHD—or learned helplessness? Cheryl shows you how to distinguish between the two. You’ll learn engagement strategies for increasing focus and motivation. You’ll explore intervention ideas for improving concentration. And, you’ll return to your classroom with practical teaching ideas you can use right away to help both types of learners be more successful in school! o Contact information: [email protected] ADHD: Attention-Defic it/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD) is a neurobiologica l disorder. Typically children with AD/HD have developmentally inappropri ate behavior, including poor attention skills, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. These characteristics arise in early childhood, typically before age 7, are chronic, and last at least 6 months. Children with AD/HD may also experience problems in the areas of social skills and self esteem. Source: http://ada.ky.gov/adhd_def.htm (Kentucky’s Office for the American’s with Disability Act) Learned Helplessness: The failure to avoid or escape from an unpleasant or aversive stimulus that occurs as a result of previous exposure to unavoidable painful stimuli. Source: Eric Jensen

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Milestones1902 British pediatrician Dr. Still described hyperactive

behavior in children as a ‘defect in moral character.’

1937 Dr. Charles Bradley introduced the use ofamphetamines to treat hyperactive children.

1980 American Psychiatric Association identified thecondition as a disorder. Two behavior patterns werelisted: Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) and AttentionDeficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (AD/HD).

1987 AD/HD was renamed Attention Deficit Hyperactivity

Disorder by American Psychiatric Association to includeBOTH conditions.

1991 Change in eligibility requirements provided schools with$400 in annual federal education grant money for eachchild diagnosed with ADHD.

1994 Three subtypes of ADHD defined.1997 Based on office visits, those diagnosed with ADHD

reached 3.3 million children; nearly over 5 percent of allchildren. (U.S. figures)

2003 ADHD becomes the number one diagnosed disorder inschool age children in America.

Source: Eric Jensen, author of brain-based learning books.www.jensenlearning.com

Three Types of ADHDo Predominantly Inattentive Type

o Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive Type

o Combined Type

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In school-age children you see:

• Rush into tasks but don’t finish them

•  Demand attention from adults•  Unable to delay gratification•  Moody•  Often in trouble with other adults•  Feel they are different•  Disorganized, often ‘lost’•  Feel they are ‘dumb’•  Sometimes aggressive, defiant behaviorSource: Eric Jensen

What did you notice in the video?

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Intervention Ideas

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Learned Helplessness•  It’s the why bother?•  The EXPECTATION of failure interferes with

learning and achievement.

Make Engagement a Habit!•  The longer we spend in any metabolic state (anger,

sleep, optimism, etc.) the more committed ournervous system becomes to maintaining that state.

Easy State Changers

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Notes:

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Research-Based Citations

• Allen, R. (2010). High-Impact Teaching Strategies for the ‘XYZ’ Era of 

Education. Boston, MA: Pearson Education, Inc.• Allen, R. (2008). Green Light Classrooms: Teaching Techniques that 

Accelerate Learning. Corwin Press.• Hollas, B. (2005). Differentiating Instruction in a Whole-Group Setting. 

Peterborough, NH: Crystal Springs Books.• Jensen, E. (2006). Enriching the Brain: How to Maximize Every 

Learner’s Potential. San Francisco, CA: John Wiley & Sons.• Jensen, E. (2005). Teaching with the Brain in Mind, 2 nd Ed., Alexandria,

VA: ASCD.• 

Jensen, E. (2000). Different Brains, Different Learners. San Diego, CA:The Brain Store.• Kagan, S., Kagan, M. (2009). Kagan Cooperative Learning . San Clemente,

CA: Kagan Publishing.• Marzano, R.J. (2007). The Art and Science of Teaching: A

Comprehensive Framework for Effective Instruction. Alexandria, VA:Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.

• Marzano, R.J. (2001). Classroom Instruction That Works: Research- 

Based Strategies for Increasing Student Achievement. ASCD.• Tomlinson, C. (1999). The Differentiated Classroom, Responding to the 

Needs of All Learners. Danvers, MA: Association for Supervision andCurriculum Development.

• Clip Art: www.toonaday.com and/or www.pppst.com