Heavy Quarks, the Origin of Mass , and CP Violation for the Universe

HQ & m/CP George W.S. Hou (NTU) TAM2013 @ Venice 3/7/2013 1

Heavy Quarks, the Origin of Mass,

and CP Violation for the Universe

March 7, 2013, Time and Matter @ Venice

http://www.ntu.edu.tw/chinese/PageN.php

http://www.ntu.edu.tw/chinese/PageB.php



I. Intro: the Truth about New Higgs-like Boson * 4G–DEWSB & Dilaton - Conventional Wisdom - Why not Vector-like - Limits/UBV * mF vs mV * “Prior” vs Expt’l Measure - Complex Reality of Yukawa

II. Preludes to Gap Equation from Strong YukawaIII. “Bootstrap” Gap Equation & Numerical Solution

IV. Bonus: CPV4BAUV. New Pheno: QQ ➙ nVL

VI. Discussion & Conclusion Phase transition? p-N w/o QCD? True Holy Grail

Heavy Quarks, Origin of Mass, and CPV for Universe

2015+

VBF/VH Test

1

1

1

4

4

16



This talk is about Dynamical EWSB,induced by strong Yukawa coupling ofHeavy Chiral (hence 4th gen.) Quarks.

The observed 126 GeV boson would have to be

a Dilaton .*

* If I need to bet real money, it would still go to “the Higgs”.

fortuitous



Michael Peskin (SLAC), Summary of LP11, Mumbai, 8/2011

CMS stated this a month earlier ...

p. 101

CMS actually announced at EPS-HEP11, 7/2011

Became dire with July 4th Announcement

Conventional Wisdom

tgg → H ~ (1 + 1 + 1)2

enhanced



PostMortem ...

Riccardo Barbieri 4G included

Alex Pomarol @ ICHEP2012



PostMortem ...; or (future) Resurrection

4G included

Alex Pomarol @ ICHEP2012

~ RadionWells



But it’s hard to believe we are seeing

a Dilaton “just now” ...

depression: Jun -

Nov



Search for “Vector-like” Quarks at LHC

Peskin, LP’11, pp. 113-114 Lead bymy group

“Exclude triangles, not points”, Peskin slogan, 3/2012

ongoing

Actually, I don’t like cancellation mechanisms; I prefer proactive over “anti-negative campaign”. But this study has to be done.

Need for cancellation

symptomatic of hierarchy

problem:

mH sensitivity to rad. corr.

pre-date Peskin



ATLASas well

Direct Search for “4G” at LHC

“Lead” bymy group

mQ ≳ 700 GeV

Greater than Unitarity Bound ~ 550 GeV !



What is Sequential 4G?The “God” Particle: the Origin of Mass



The “God” Particle: the Origin of Mass

unbrokenunintended

orintended?

~ 80 – 90 GeV !

masslessmF ~ lFυ

mV ~ gυ

lF : Yukawa Coupling

“Us”

ggauge coupling



"for the discovery of the mechanism of spontaneous brokensymmetry in subatomic physics"

"for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature"

Photo: Universtity of Chicago Photo: KEK Photo: Kyoto University

Yoichiro Nambu Makoto Kobayashi Toshihide Maskawa

1/2 of the prize 1/4 of the prize 1/4 of the prize

USA Japan Japan

Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago Chicago, IL, USA

High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Tsukuba, Japan

Kyoto Sangyo University; Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics (YITP), Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan

b. 1921(in Tokyo, Japan) b. 1944 b. 1940

CP Violationin SM

The Nobel Prize in Physics 2008


SSB

Confirmation of KM ➙ Complex Reality of Yukawa Couplings

lF

n.b. Higgs boson never enters.



the Truth about New Higgs-like Boson

dominant

clean, but small

more, but more BG Production & Decay:

Complicated Processes

de Boer & Mikuz talks



Candidate EventsLeading Processes

H → gg

H → ZZ* → ee {mm}



Summary by Michelangelo Mangano @ HCP 2012, Kyoto, 11/2012

MASS !?

December



Summary by Michelangelo Mangano @ HCP 2012, Kyoto, 11/2012

• gg mode > SM• no convincing evidence for VBF (Vector Boson Fusion) or VH (Higgsstrahlung off V), e.g. fermion/gg modes

Dilaton Not Ruled Out !Coupling weaker by υ /F, except to gg & gg

MASS !?

December

Conclusion not ruled out by today’s talks (Moriond EW)



Leading Processes

H → gg

H → ZZ* → ee {mm}



Verify Higgs, or Rule Out DilatonNot beyond doubt before 2015.

13 TeV run start

Which is “Real”?

“Prior” vs Experimental Measurement



II. Preludes to Gap Equation from Strong Yukawa“Pairing” (Nambu) Path towards Dynamical EWSB


Nobel 2008 – B Factory to LHC George W.S. Hou (NTU) FPCP, June 1, 2009 20


"for the discovery of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature"

Thoughts on the other 1/2 Nobel Prize

Photo: Universtity of Chicago Photo: KEK Photo: Kyoto University

Yoichiro Nambu Makoto Kobayashi Toshihide Maskawa

1/2 of the prize 1/4 of the prize 1/4 of the prize

USA Japan Japan

Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago Chicago, IL, USA

High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) Tsukuba, Japan

Kyoto Sangyo University; Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics (YITP), Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan

b. 1921(in Tokyo, Japan) b. 1944 b. 1940

SSB! Yukawa by Large

Condense can QQ

Could EWSB be due to b’ and t’ above unitarity bound ~ 500-600 GeV ?

Bob Holdom: N–J-L [Bardeen, Hill, Lindner

Gustavo Burdman: “Holographic” 4th gen.

Have been pondering this since 2008,

and major progress first half 2012 !



ever heard of

BCS Higgs ?



Path Towards a Gap Equation

Associated with left-handed gauge coupling:

Intuitively saw

I re-entered 4G study, since 2004, due to flavor/CPV

Since 2006-7, start to think about Physics at CMS/LHC

➜ Set-up 4G quark search as program for NTU CMS group (influenced, e.g. Francois)

[CPV-4-BAU]

Nambu’s prize in 10/2008 made me think QQ condensation is NJL-like

Puzzled: (ca. 2009)

Scattering(UBV)

~ “long-distance” (vs 1/mQ)

lQ

As mQ rose, mQ/mW increased;the scattering that sets the Unitarity Boundis a “long distance” effect

Not quite NJL-like. Of course, leading UBV occurs

for G in s-channel (but this is repulsive).

4q operator

_

Since 2008, as bounds rose (Tev ↷ LHC), re-learned Yukawa-induced condensate Holdom ’06

Yukawa Coupling of Goldstone Mode Expt’lly Established, Independent of Higgs Boson Existence



Gap Equation?

WSH, ICHEP2010;& arXiv:1201.6029

(Chin. J. Phys., 6/2012)lQ

Unitarity Bound, QQ Scattering

Scattering(UBV)

~ “long-distance” (vs 1/mQ)

lQ

SelfEnergy

lQ

summer 2010,while discussing w/

Felipe Llanes-Estrada

Gap Equationself-energy

q

2

summer 2011: No New Physics1-2-3 TeV

Summing over large range of exchange momentum q

_



III. “Bootstrap” Gap Equation & Numerical Solution * Strong Scale-inv. QED (example)

* Yukawa “Bootstrap”

Mimura, WSH, Kohyama, arXiv:1201.6029

➙ backup

Large lQ through massless G generates mQ, but in turns assures G as Goldstone

q2

lQ



Gap Equation: Yukawa “Bootstrap”

Gap equation for large Yukawa in the ladder approx. w/ m0 = 0

(and neglect gauge couplings)

“Mass” = B/A

Self-energy momentum-dep.

GlQ

(gauge inv.)

Drop Higgs for now;return later.

w.fn. renorm




So,

We find, numerically, ~ 1.4

➜ ➜

Higgs or not, absorbed in

!!

scale invariance



So, what about 126 GeV boson ? Has to be Dilaton !

4G (chiral Q) seemingly bites the dust, again ... (not that it did not happen before)

My first reaction: Hard to believe we are seeing a Dilaton “just now ” ...But the Bootstrap Gap Eq. is nominally Scale-Inv. (no scale, m0 = 0) !

Used in aid of numerical solution.

Dynamical Mass Generation also means Breaking of Scale Invariance.Could there be a Dilaton ? (Radion via AdS/CFT or warped)

Goldberger, Grinstein, Skiba, ’08Barger, Ishida, Keung, ’12 Cheung, Yuan, ’12Campbell, Ellis, Olive, ’12 Grzadkowski, Gunion, Toharia, ’12Coleppa, Gregroire, Logan, ’12Matsuzaki, Yamawaki, ’12; 7/12; 9/12 etc.Elander, Piai, 8/12

Treat 3 parametersa = υ /F, cg, cg N.B. We did not touch UV ... (our whole development is empirical)

N.B. 4G ➙ 2HDM? Perhaps, but 1) Why h0 light; 2) Gap Eq. not applicable

“holographic techni-dilaton gives as good a fit as SM Higgs”

Not YetRuled Out

Even after HCP

Cha

cko,

Fra

nces

chin

i, M

ishr

a, 9

/12

What is the true source

of Scale Breaking ?Need Theoryof lQ

LHCP




“Mass” = B/ADropped “Higgs”; if dilaton, υ 2/ F

2 suppressed.➜ self-consistent

Gap equation for large Yukawa in the ladder approx. w/ m0 = 0

(and neglect gauge couplings)


GlQ

(gauge inv.)

w.fn. renorm



IV. Bonus: CPV4BAU

Intro byMasiero; Sarkar (DM!) talks



1 ≲ < 10

> 10+15 Nature Would

Use It !?

Jarlskog Invariant & 4G Magic

Main Enhancement !

1-2-3

2-3-4

C P Violation w/ spare change ?

WSH, arXiv:0803.1234 [hep/ph]Providence

CJP 47 (2009) 134

Jarlskog Invariant

Thought came ’07 whilefighting Belle “Nature”



V. New Pheno: QQ ➙ nVL



Example

WSH, PRD’2012 [arXiv:1206.1453]

Possible Phenomenology: QQ → nVL

data

?

An Intriguing Analogy lQBoundstate may help

➨



VI. Discussion and Conclusion

* “p-N” w/o QCD Briefly thought could recover Fermi-Yang model ... But Nature chose many hadronic resonances below 2mN ... ➙ QCD & stringy resonances Do we have a second chance w/ Pure Yukawa ? No Res./Th. Yet !* Phase Transition Issue (3rd Sakharov Condition) Problem in SM w/ Higgs not light enough ... But this is perturbative picture ➙ Can Strong/Nonpert. Yukawa Do It ? Solve Gap Eq. at finite T !

[CPV Baryogenesis]True Holy Grail: Agent of EWSB & Origin of

Mass

Conclusion: 4G–DEWSB w/ Dilaton

Let’s wait for Nature to unveil herself !

Messenger from UV !?





Gap Equation: Strong Scale-invariant QEDGap equation for QED in the ladder approx. w/ m0 = 0 Self-energy

momentum-dep.

w.fn. renorm

by hand



Gap Equation: Strong Scale-invariant QEDGap equation for QED in the ladder approx. w/ m0 = 0

angular integration

Wick rotation


Simplification

w.fn. renorm

“Mass” = B/A

Set up Notation

follow Fukuda−Kugo



noting

plus B.C.:

Miransky scaling ... ?

Gap Equation: Strong Scale-invariant QED


Documents

Heavy Quarks, the Origin of Mass , and CP Violation for the Universe