2010 Asics Conference of Science and Medicine in Sport / Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport 13S (2010) e1–e107 e53

Following fatigue protocol one core temperature in theteam-sport warm-up was 0.7% > post activation potentiation(effect size: 0.46 ± 0.81), while blood lactate was highest inthe post activation potentiation warm-up post fatigue pro-tocol one (6.2 ± 2.4), compared to team-sport (5.3 ± 2.4)and small-sided games (4.6 ± 1.2 mmol L−1) and fatigueprotocol two (post activation potentiation = 4.5 ± 1.2, team-sport = 4.1 ± 1.7, small-sided games = 3.0 ± 0.8 mmol L−1).Conclusion: A post activation potentiation warm-up canreduce performance decrements during a soccer-specificfatigue protocol as compared to small-sided games and cur-rent team-sport warm-ups.

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2010.10.574

114

One minute rolling sampling periods: The most sensitivemethod for identifying transient fatigue in soccer

M. Varley 1,∗, R. Aughey 1,2

1 School of Sport and Exercise Science, Institute of Sport,Exercise and Active Living, Victoria University, Australia2 Western Bulldogs Football Club, Australia

Introduction: Analysis of the movement demands of ath-letes during team sports provides information on matchfatigue and the physical capabilities of the athlete. High-velocity running (HiVR) is a valid physical performancemeasure as it is critical to match success and may distin-guish between levels of play. More detailed examinationhas reported a decrease in the HiVR distance in the periodimmediately after the most intense epoch. However, thatexamination was based on pre-defined 5-min periods andtherefore the actual peak 5-min of play in a match may havebeen missed, and using rolling periods may overcome this.Further, significant fatigue could be expected after intense1 or 2 min periods, but this has not yet been investigated.Method: Using rolling 1-, 2-, and 5-min periods of matches,the greatest total (TD) and HiVR (>4.17 m s−1) distance andthe subsequent 1-, 2- or 5-min epoch were identified in four-teen elite youth level male soccer players monitored usingglobal positioning system technology (MinimaxX, TeamSports 2.0, Catapult Innovations, Melbourne, Australia) overfive Men’s Under 21 matches. Differences were determinedand expressed as % change and effect size (ES) statisticwith 90% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Total distancewas reduced substantially in the subsequent epoch follow-ing each 1-, 2- and 5-min period containing the highest TDin both the 1st and 2nd half of the match (1-min; −47.2%,−5.63 ± 0.56; and 52.5%, −4.73 ± 1.58; 2-min; 40.2%,−4.98 ± 0.52; and 36.5%, −4.22 ± 0.54; and 5-min; −24.6%−2.89 ± 0.38; and 24.5%, −2.51 ± 0.31 respectively). High-velocity running followed the same pattern for both halves(1-min; −89%, −4.12 ± 0.33; and −92.8%, −3.71 ± 0.32;2-min; −80.4% −3.38 ± 0.26; and −73.4%, −3.29 ± 0.33;

and 5-min; −65.7% −2.51 ± 0.30 and −65.3% −2.46 ± 0.31respectively) Conclusion: When compared to the literaturereporting pre-defined 5-min periods, rolling 5-min periodshad a ∼15% greater reduction in HiVR in the epoch follow-ing the peak. Using HiVR instead of total distance identifiedgreater decrements in performance, and the largest decre-ments were visible using shorter sampling periods. In thisstudy only 1-min rolling periods showed greater fatigue inthe subsequent 1-min period in the second compared to thefirst half, and therefore may be the most sensitive measureof transient fatigue in soccer games. Future research couldapply this model to the investigation of fatigue in elite adultplayers to aid in our understanding of the transient fatigueexperienced by these players during matches.

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2010.10.575

115

Healthy men in active neighborhoods: Characteristics ofphysically active and inactive men in low socio-economiccommunities

M. Casey 1,∗, R. Eime 1, K. Ball 2, W. Payne 1

1 University of Ballarat, Australia2 Deakin University, Australia

Introduction: Physical activity (PA) research amongstmen experiencing socioeconomic disadvantage is relativelyscarce, despite the high risk of inactivity experiencedby this group. This qualitative study compares experi-ences of men from low SES communities who havesuccessfully and unsuccessfully engaged in PA. Methodol-ogy: Men aged 25–65 years from metropolitan inner-citysuburbs and a non-metropolitan city were invited to par-ticipate through neighbourhood renewal and communityhealth staff, and community advertisements. Data collectionmethods/instruments comprised a demographics form, semi-structured interview, and administration of the InternationalPhysical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Neighbourhoodrenewal and community health staff were also invited to par-ticipate in interviews. The socio-ecological model of healthguided the interviews to explore individual, interpersonal,organisational, community, environmental and policy influ-ences on PA. Content analysis was applied to identify keythemes in the transcripts. Men were defined as active or inac-tive according to their total PA score based on the IPAQ,using a cutpoint of 600 MET minutes/week. Results: 25men, aged 44.8 (range: 28–65) years participated; 12 werefrom metropolitan suburbs and 13 from a non-metropolitancity. They lived alone (n = 12), were not working (n = 7) orpermanently unable to work (n = 11), and had no formal quali-fications (n = 9) or Year 10 equivalency (n = 7). The context ofparticipation in PA for both groups of men was mostly walk-ing for leisure (n = 11 and n = 5, respectively) and/or transport(n = 10 and n = 4, respectively). Five active men had access to

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a free 3-month gym program. Both groups of men reportedthat they had poor health, financial barriers, were unfamil-iar with community PA facilities and programs, had limitedsocial support, and lived in unsafe neighbourhoods. Participa-tion in PA for inactive men was compounded by their inabilityto cope with their poor health and as a result they felt discon-nected from life; they did not identify positive PA outcomesfor various reasons including limited exposure to PA in child-hood and negative experiences in school physical education;they seemed consumed by stressful life situations; and hadlittle trust for medical personnel or insight into their bodies.Active men generally reported the inverse of these barriers,however, they also identified barriers to existing programssuch as the exclusive culture of PA facilities. Conclusion: It isimportant that personal circumstances are understood to gaintrust and set realistic goals and outcomes for men from lowSES communities. Physical activity programs must addressfinancial and cultural barriers to participation in PA.

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2010.10.576

116

Validity of active Australia physical activity questions inolder adults

K. Heesch 1,∗, R. Hill 2, J. van Uffelen 2, W. Brown 2

1 Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, QueenslandUniversity of Technology, Australia2 School of Human Movement Studies, The University ofQueensland, Australia

Introduction: The Active Australia physical activity sur-vey (AAS) is used for physical activity (PA) surveillancein the general Australian adult population. Given the age-ing of the population and the health benefits of PA forolder adults, this group should be included in PA surveil-lance and, for comparison with younger adults, be asked thesame PA surveillance questions. However, the appropriate-ness of the AAS for older adults has not been evaluated. Ouraim was to examine the criterion validity of the AAS ques-tions in older adults. Three criterion measures were used:pedometer step counts, body mass index (BMI), and self-reported physical function. Methods: Participants were 51community-dwelling adults, aged 65–89 years, who reportedthe ability to walk at least 100 m. They completed a self-administered version of the AAS as part of a larger study ofolder adults. They also completed a physical function sur-vey (SF-36 function scale) and had their weight and heightmeasured, for calculating BMI. During the 7 days prior tothe interview, participants each wore a YAMAX DigiwalkerSW200 pedometer and recorded their daily steps in a diary.Using the AAS data, daily walking minutes and daily total PAminutes (walking, moderate-intensity PA, vigorous-intensityPA) were compared with the three criterion measures usingSpearman rank-order correlations. Results: 26 men and 25

women (mean age = 72 years, SD = 6) completed the AAS.Median daily walking minutes were 34.4 (IQR 17.1, 60.0),and median daily total PA minutes were 72.9 (IQR 35.6,120.0). Both walking minutes and total PA minutes weresignificantly correlated with pedometer steps (Spearman cor-relation r = 0.42, for each, p < 0.01). Total PA minutes weresignificantly correlated with physical function scores (r = .38,p < 0.001), but walking minutes were not (r = 0.14). Neitherwalking minutes nor total PA minutes were significantlycorrelated with BMI (r = −0.13 and −0.15, respectively).Conclusions: This initial examination of the psychometricproperties of the AAS for older adults suggests that thissurveillance tool has adequate criterion validity for ambu-latory older adults.

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2010.10.577

117

Physical activity and psychological distress in older men:Findings from the NSW 45 and Up Study

E. George 1,∗, L. Jorm 2, G. Kolt 1, H. Bambrick 2, S. Lujic 2

1 School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, University ofWestern Sydney, Australia2 School of Medicine, University of Western Sydney, Australia

Introduction: The ageing population places significantstrain on healthcare systems and poses a substantial economicburden worldwide. Whilst many governments encourageolder adults to remain active, participating in enough physicalactivity to afford health benefits can be challenging. Partic-ipation in regular physical activity has been associated witha range of health benefits, including improved mental healthand, in particular, a reduction of depressive symptoms. Stud-ies examining this association in older men are, however,sparse. The aims of this study were to: examine the associ-ation between levels of physical activity and psychologicaldistress in older men; determine whether this association var-ied with remoteness of residence; and establish whether anyconfounding or mediating factors contributed to this associa-tion. Methods: This representative sample comprised 17,689men aged 65 years and over, drawn from the 45 and UpStudy—a longitudinal cohort study providing data on a broadrange of health and demographic characteristics in approxi-mately 260,000 participants from across New South Wales,Australia. Baseline data on physical activity (Active AustraliaSurvey) and psychological distress (Kessler-10) were used inthis study for cross-sectional analysis. Odds ratios (ORs) and95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logisticregression. Results: A total of 5% of men within the sampleexperienced high/very high levels of psychological distress,with this proportion being highest in men aged ≥85 years(6.8%). A total of 4.7% of participants reported participatingin no sessions of physical activity in the past week. This pro-portion increased with age (12.9% of men aged ≥85) and was