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Health and Regulatory Concerns with Compressor StationsMary Menapace RN
Photo from Marcellus –Shale.us Fulton Compressor Station Hickory PA
Human Exposure
Vulnerable PopulationsWomen/Children/Elderly
Breathing Contaminated Air
Eating contaminated food fish from contaminated waters meat, milk or eggs
Drinking contaminated water
Touching , coming in direct contact with contaminated soil, dust or water (swimming, barefoot)
Toxins accumulate, especially up the food chain, we are at the top
Source EPA www.epa.gov/toxicair
Marcellus-shale.us
Nathan Phillips, Boston U.
Pathways of Exposure
Compressors
And Pipes
Toxins Emitted from Compressors
actually mostly from the gas that is being pushed by the compressors
From Wilma Subra, subracompany
• Benzene• Formaldehyde• Methyl Ethyl Disulfide• Naphthalene• 1,1,1, 2-Tetrachloroethane• Trichloroethylene• Trimethyl Benzene• 1,2,4-Trimethyl Benzene• Styrene• Methane• Ethane• Butane • Propane
• n-Butyl Alcohol• Carbon Disulfide• Carbonyl Sulfide• Chlorobenzene• Chloromethane• 1, 2-Dichloroethane• Diethyl Benzene• Dimethyl Disulfide• Toulene• Nitrogen Oxide• Ethylbenzene• 1,3-Butadiene
FULTON COMPRESSOR STATIONWashington Avenue, Hickory, PA
Upgraded plans from two to four Cat 1340 HP compressors.
Permitted total facility allowed emissions are:
NOx - 38.94 TONS per yearVOC - 12.40 TONS per yearCO - 49.02 TONS per year
with four compressors these amounts would double to:
NOx - 77.88 TONS per yearVOC - 24.80 TONS per yearCO - 98.04 TONS per year
Source: marcellus-shale.us
Health Impacts reported by those living within
50 feet to 2 miles from Compressor Stations
*61% of Health Impacts Associated with Chemicals present in Excess of Short and
Long Term Effects Screening Levels in the air (Subra)
Marcellus-shale.us Brigich Compressor station Chartiers Twnshp PA
Nasal Irritation Throat IrritationEyes BurningFrequent NauseaAllergies Sinus ProblemsBronchitis Persistent Cough Chronic Eye IrritationShortness of Breath Increased FatigueMuscle Aches & Pains
Severe HeadachesFrequent NosebleedsSleep Disturbances Joint Pain Difficulty in Concentrating Nervous System Impacts Irregular/Rapid Heart BeatStrokes DizzinessForgetfulness
Health Impacts reported by those living within 50 feet to 2 miles from Compressor Stations
Wilma Subra
Ringing in Ears Sores & Ulcers in Mouth Urinary Infections Depression Decreased Motor SkillsFalling, StaggeringFrequent Irritation Brain disorders
Severe Anxiety Excessive Sweating Abnormal EEG Lump in Breast Pre-Cancerous LesionsAbnormal Mammogram Thyroid Problems Endometriosis Amnesia
90% of individuals living and working within 2-3 miles of compressor stations
report experiencing odor events and health impacts
Wilma Subra
The Regulatory Morassemo·rass
[muh-ras] any confusing or troublesome situation, especially one from which it is difficult to free oneself; entanglement.
Exemptions or Limitations in Regulatory Coverage for Oil and Gas ExplorationAnd Production Industry in Six Environmental Laws
Government Office of Accountability September 2012UNCONVENTIONAL OIL AND GAS DEVELOPMENT:
Key Environmental and Public Health Requirements
SDWA Safe Drinking Water Act - only diesel fluid requires an UIC permit for HF
CWA Clean Water Act Federal Stormwater (and wastewater) permits are not required at O and G construction sites or wells
CAA Clean Air Act Emissions from compressors may not be aggregated together with other equipment
RCRA Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Oil and gas wastes are not regulated as Hazard Waste
CERCLA Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act Liability and reporting laws do not apply to injection of fluids for production, enhanced recovery or produced water
EPCRA Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act Oil and gas well operations are not required to report releases of listed chemicals to the Toxic Release Inventory.
Sources
Compendium of Scientific Medical and Media Findings Demonstrating Risks and Harms of Fracking. http://concernedhealthny.org/compendium/
Human Health Impacts Associated from Chemicals and Pathways of Exposure from the Development of Shalegas Plays. Wilma Subra http://www.earthworksaction.org/files/publications/SUBRA_3_Shale_Gas_Plays-Health_Impacts_sm.pdf
Government Office of Accountability Unconventional Oil and Gas Development Key Environmental and Public Health Requirements. http://www.gao.gov/assetts/650/647782.pdf
Marcellus Air website - air photos and documentation on shalegas buildout - http://marcellus-shale.us/
Potential Environmental and Human Health ImpactsAssociated with the Minisink Compressor Station ppt by Wilma SubraMillennium Pipeline Company www.blog.protectorangecounty.org/wp.../12/Dr.-Subra-12-12-13.pptx
Study Details Natural Gas Leaks in Boston. Nathan Phillips http://www.bu.edu/cas/2012/11/20/thousands-of-natural-gas-leaks-discovered-in-boston/
Toxic Air Pollutants. Webpage, US Environmental Protection Agency. http://www.epa.gov/air/toxicair/newtoxics.html
Sourcescont.
Thank you.