1.By: Brendan YuknerClass: Civic Engagement

2. A geological formation that was formedby the growth of sediments into a sea. A formation that was buried over manythousands of years and compressed toproduce an organic-rich black shale. Shale gas refers to natural gas that istrapped within shale formations. Shales are fine-grained sedimentaryrocks that can be rich sources ofpetroleum and natural gas. 3. Starts at the base of theCatskills in upstate New York. Stretches across New YorkState toward Marcellus, NewYork and then southwest toWest Virginia, Kentucky, andOhio. Borders the ridge and valleyregions of Pennsylvania andMaryland. This map shows the approximate depth to the base of the Marcellus Shale. It was prepared using the map by Robert Milici and Christopher Swezey above and adding depth-to-Marcellus contours published by Wallace de Witt and others, 1993, United States Department of Energy Report: The Atlas of Major Appalachian Gas Plays. 4. Diagram of a Typical Hydraulic FracturingOperation Hydraulic fracturing is a processused in nine out of 10 natural gaswells in the United States, wheremillions of gallons of water, sandand chemicals are pumpedunderground to break apart therock and release the gas. Scientists are worried that thechemicals used in fracturing maypose a threat to undergroundwater. Scientists are also worried thatwaste fluids spilled on the surfacewill impact the environment.Source: ProPublica, http://www.propublica.org/special/hydraulic-fracturing-national 5. Developing Energy from Shale Must Be Done: Safely Responsibly Reduceenvironmentalimpacts Avoid interferencewith existingcommercial activity. 6. More affordable energy and more stableprices. It means energy-intensive manufacturingcompanies, which had been movingoverseas for cheaper energy, can stayhome promising more jobs Clean-burning natural gas addressesclimate change concerns because of itslow carbon-content. Marcellus Shale has been identified aspotentially rich in fossil fuels, paint andiron. 7. The U.S. Energy Information AdministrationsAnnual Energy Outlook 2012 (Early Release)estimates that the United States possessed2,214 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) of technicallyrecoverable natural gas resources as ofJanuary 1, 2010. Natural gas from proven and unproven shaleresources accounts for 542 Tcf of this resourceestimate. Shale gas in 2010 made up 23% of total U.S.natural gas supply. Production of shale gas is expected to continueto increase, and constitute 49% of U.S. totalnatural gas supply in 2035, as projected inEIAs Annual Energy Outlook 2012 (EarlyRelease). At the 2010 rate of U.S. consumption (about24.1 Tcf per year), 2,214 Tcf of natural gas isenough to supply over 90 years of use. 8. According to Energy fromShale, natural gas reservesgrew 30 percent and in the lastfew years. The United States hasincreased onshore natural gasproduction by more than 20percent an accomplishmentthat most energy expertsthought impossible a few yearsago. The availability of largequantities of shale gas shouldenable the United States to A natural gas derrick rises from theconsume a predominantly countryside near family homes in ruraldomestic supply of gas forHopewell Township, Pennsylvania.many years and produce morenatural gas than it consumes 9. Promisesjobs in areas hard hit by unemployment. The industry is promising 20,000 new jobs by the year 2020. Potentialnew energy technologies. 10. Waterconsumption. Many harmfulchemicals are used. Incorrect treatmentand handling of wastewater. Leads to increasedproperty taxes. Water contamination. Many uncertainties. 11. Earthquakes Induced by Fluid Injection - U.S Geological Survey Fracking causes smallearthquakes, but they arealmost always too small to be asafety concern. Fracking wastewaters arefrequently disposed of byinjection into deep wells. Theinjection of wastewater into thesubsurface can causeearthquakes that are largeenough to be felt and maycause damage. 12. According to a report from the Pennsylvania Land Trust In the last two and ahalf years, drillingcompanies were citedfor 1,435 violations --952 of which wereconsidered most likelyto harm theenvironment. 13. President Barack Obamas remarks on energy from 2012 State of theUnion Address We have a supply of natural gas that can last America nearlyone hundred years, and my administration will take everypossible action to safely develop this energy. Experts believe this will support more than 600,000 jobs bythe end of the decade. And Im requiring all companies that drill for gas on publiclands to disclose the chemicals they use. America willdevelop this resource without putting the health and safety ofour citizens at risk. The development of natural gas will create jobs and powertrucks and factories that are cleaner and cheaper, provingthat we dont have to choose between our environment andour economy. And by the way, it was public research dollars, over thecourse of thirty years, that helped develop the technologies toextract all this natural gas out of shale rock -- reminding usthat government support is critical in helping businesses getnew energy ideas off the ground. 14. There it goes. Im not even getting a gallonof water. Im done. I lived here 16 years andthe only thing I know thats changed in myenvironment is these gas wells," saidMcEvoy. Ive never seen a rush of complaints aboutdrinking water problems like I have since theMarcellus shale industry moved in here," saidMyron Arnowitt, the director ofPennsylvanias Clean Water Action. The drilling is far too close to where peopleshouses are, to where there drinking water iscoming from. There needs to be muchgreater protection, said Arnowitt.I think it adds to the security the country canhave, that we can do what President(Barack) Obama talked about and do it safelyand have the economic benefit, this is not aneither or." said Kathryn Klaber, director of theMarcellus Shale Coalition, a group thatrepresents drilling companies. 15. Drillingfor Marcellusshale uses millions ofgallons of water ateach well. Theaverage amountused per well isaround 4 milliongallons . 16. Marcellus Shale employeesearn $30,000 more than Pa.workers. According to the OhioDepartment of NaturalResources, Utica andMarcellus shale wells havebeen drilled in Monroe andNoble counties, and permitshave been obtained forseveral others. 17. Based on a New YorkTimes survey 45percent of people saidthey support drilling. 33 percent of peoplesaid they neithersupport nor opposedrilling. And 21 percent ofpeople said theyoppose drilling. 18. Size 63 Million acres over 6 states (New York,Pennsylvania, Virginia, West Virginia,Maryland, Ohio) 1,700 Trillion Cubic Feet (TCF) of gas inplace 500 TCF recoverable potential 500,000 potential well sites Field Development 2000+ wells drilled to date 2005-2010(Pennsylvania) 900 to be drilled in 2010, up from 195 in2008 (Pennsylvania) 2000 well permits issued in 2010(Pennsylvania) $100+ Billion in projects committed tothe gas field 19. Production 1 BCF/Day (Mid 2010) 6-8 BCF/Day projected by 2014 10% of us Gas production by 2011, 30% by 2014 $1 per MCF wellhead production costs achieved by Chesapeake in 2009 Infrastructure $30 Billion in infrastructure projects needed over the next 5 years $100 Billion in infrastructure needed over the next 20 years 20. Corbett announces newenvironmentalregulations law inregards to MarcellusShale Drilling in PA. Optional fee by Countycan be imposed on thedrilling for gas in theMarcellus Shale. 21. Ifall eligible countiesadopt the fee into lawestimated revenueswill approximate $180million this year Optional MarcellusShale fees couldreach $264 million in2014. 22. As America demands more and moreenergy, the role that natural gas will playin that demand is uncertain. One thing that is certain is the Marcellusplay is shaping up to be a key supplier fordomestic natural gas. Impacts from thisindustry are uncertain as well. Historically, the energy industry has gonethrough times of "boom and bust" and isdriven by the economical conditionspresent across the nation. The industry is also known for paying ahigher wage, on average, compared to anequivalent manufacturing job. One thing that is not uncertain is that thenatural gas industry associated withMarcellus Shale exploration will give thenation another source to potentiallyreduce the intake of foreign supplies ofnatural gas. 23. "Marcellus Shale - Appalachian Basin Natural Gas Play." Marcellus Shale Gas: New ResearchResults Surprise Geologists! Web. 29 Feb. 2012. . "What Is Shale Gas and Why Is It Important?" EIAs Energy in Brief:. Web. 29 Feb. 2012.. "Marcellus Shale Gas Drillers Committed 1,435 Violations in 2.5 Years, Report Says." ThePatriot-News. Web. 29 Feb. 2012.. "The Promise." Energy From Shale. Web. 29 Feb. 2012. . "Marcellus Shale Employees Earn $30,000 More than Pa. Workers." The Rocket. Web. 29 Feb.2012. . "What President Obama Will Say About Natural Gas Drilling During The State Of The Union." StateImpact Pennsylvania. Web. 29 Feb. 2012. . 24. "FAQs - Earthquakes Induced by Fluid Injection." U.S. Geological Survey Earthquake Hazards Program. Web. 29 Feb. 2012. .