Have we institutionalized DRRM in the Philippines?

1

Philippine Institute for Development StudiesSurian sa mga Pag-aaral Pangkaunlaran ng Pilipinas

www.pids.gov.ph

Sonny N. Domingo, Ph.D.Research Fellow

Outline I. DRRM PremiseII. DRRM PolicyIII. DRRM ResourcesIV. DRRM Institutional ArrangementsV. Insights

2

Policy

DRRM Resources

Institutional Grounding

Philippine Disasters

Risk Reduction and Management

Philippines is Disaster-Prone

5

World Risk Report 2014

20 typhoons annual average, 5 to 9 of which incur significant damage

25 active volcanoes Earthquake and landslide threats 2nd most disaster-prone country in

the world (World Disaster Report 2014/2015)

2nd most affected by the impacts of weather-related loss events (Germanwatch 2014).

Hazards

6

Geological• Earthquake-related• Volcanic-related• Landslide

Hydrometeorological• Tropical cyclone• Floods• Storm surge• Landslide induced by precipitation

Man Induced• Socio-political/ peace and order/terrorism• Chemical/biological/ nuclear• Fire/ accidents• Epidemics

7

DRRM- related Policy

8

DRRM and CCA

9

Source: Castillo, Charlotte Kendra G, 2007

RA 10121: Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010

10

An Act strengthening the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management System, PROVIDING FOR THE NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK AND INSTITUTIONALIZING THE NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT PLAN, appropriating funds therefor and for other purposes

RA10121 and NDRRMPThe National DRRM Plan serves as the national guide on how toBuild the adaptive capacities of communities toward sustainable development and

inclusive growth; increase the resilience of vulnerable sectors; and optimize disaster mitigation opportunities with the end in view of promoting people’s

welfare and security towards gender-responsive and rights-based sustainable development.

The National DRRM Plan outlines the activities aimed atstrengthening the capacity of the national government and the local government units

(LGUs) together with partner stakeholdersbuilding the disaster resilience of communities and to institutionalize arrangements and measures for reducing disaster risks, including

projected climate risks and enhancing disaster preparedness and response capabilities at all levels.

mainstreaming DRRM and CCA in the development processes communities toward sustainable development

11

12

DRRM Resources

13

DRRM Resources

14

National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Fund (NDRRMF), Including Quick Response Funds (QRF)Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Fund (LDRRMF)Donor FundsAdaptation and Risk Financing AssistanceAssets of Key Government agencies Budgets of national line and governments agencies

NDRRM Fund

2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010 2009

Calamity Fund/NDRRMF* 38,895,531,000 14,000,000,000 13,000,000,0007,500,000,000 7,500,000,000 6,000,000,000 3,750,000,000 4,303,516,293

Original Appropriation 38,895,531,000 14,000,000,000 13,000,000,0007,500,000,000 7,500,000,000 5,000,000,000 2,000,000,000 2,000,000,000

Augmentation 1,000,000,000 1,750,000,000 2,303,516,293

Quick Response Fund (QRF)** 6,215,000,000 6,707,500,000 4,849,766,000 3,695,000,000

2,645,000,000 1,787,986,466 645,000,000 597,500,000

15

0

5,000,000,000

10,000,000,000

15,000,000,000

20,000,000,000

25,000,000,000

30,000,000,000

35,000,000,000

40,000,000,000

45,000,000,000

50,000,000,000

FY2016 FY2015 FY2014 FY2013 FY2012 FY2011 FY2010 FY2009

NDRRMF and QRF

Calamity Fund/NDRRMF Quick Response Fund (QRF)

Note: FY2016 NDRRMF has 18.8B for Yolanda rehab; 2015 has 1B for peoples survival fund; QRF since 2012 were directly released to respective Departments

** QRF is a stand-by fund for relief and rehabilitation for the purpose of normalizing living conditions of people or areas affected by disasters.

*GAA appropriation to cover aid, relief, and rehabilitation services to communities/areas affected disaster, including capital expenditures for pre-disaster operationsand related activities.

NDRRM Fund

16

Smaller 2017 fund

1B insurance coverage of Govt facilities

1.5B rehabilitation and reconstruction fund

QRF purpose 1&2; purpose 1 released directly to agencies, purpose 2 to be requested from DBM

Quick Response Funds

17

QRF Allocation (2009-2016)

18

QRF and Calamity Fund Availment

19

OCD

Implementing Agency

NDDRMC

Office of the President

DBM

Fund release to Implementing Agency

Institutional Funding

20

0

500,000,000

1,000,000,000

1,500,000,000

2,000,000,000

2,500,000,000

2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010

DILG DND DSWD DOST

0

500,000,000

1,000,000,000

1,500,000,000

2,000,000,000

2,500,000,000

3,000,000,000

3,500,000,000

4,000,000,000

4,500,000,000

2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010

DILG DND DSWD DOST

DSWD

21

Institutional Funding

22

Inst

itutio

nal F

undi

ng C

C -re

late

d fu

ndin

g am

ong

core

DRR

M A

genc

ies

Other DRRM AssetsWarm bodies (coordination, peace and order, transport, relief and rescue)

Transport equipment (plane, helicopter, trucks, boats, ship, etc)

Heavy equipment (road maintenance, debris clearing and construction)

Information and communication equipmentStaging area and evacuation centers (military bases, schools, government facility, airports)

Rescue equipment, and food and non-food itemsTemporary shelter, bailey bridge, and other specialized equipment

DRR Assets: DND

Sour

ce: A

FP H

ADR

2012

DRR Assets: DND

Sour

ce: A

FP H

ADR

2012

DRR Assets: Equipage StatusSource: AFP HADR 2012

DRR Assets: OCD/NDRRMC

Sour

ce: N

DRRM

C 20

13

DRR

Asse

ts: D

SWD

DRR Assets: DPWH

Key Quick Response Equipment

DRR Assets: DPWH

Average number of equipment per District Engineering Office Classification

Number and Status of DRR-Related Assets within the DPWH

•Only A&B are operationalSource: DPWH 2013

3,950 operational out of 8,156(all equipment)

1,126 operational out of 2,366(Road Equipment)

DRR Assets: DepEd

Institutional Grounding

33

Institutional arrangements and responsibilities

34

NDR

RMP

has 4

prio

rity

area

s w

ith 4

long

term

goa

ls; 1

4 ob

ject

ives;

24 o

utco

mes

; 56

outp

uts;

and

93 a

ctiv

ities

35

NDRRMP

Pillar 1: Prevention and Mitigation

36

Pillar 2: Preparedness

37

Pillar 3: Response

38

Pillar 4: Rehabilitation and Recovery

39

40

NOAH

Natio

nwid

e Op

erat

iona

l As

sess

men

t of H

azar

ds• flood mitigation system, specifically targeting a 6 hour flood early warning system for communities along 18 major river systems; • enhancement of geohazard maps and; • enhancement of storm surge vulnerability maps

DOST

41

42

Volca

no, E

arth

quak

e an

d Ts

unam

i Mon

itorin

g an

d W

arni

ng P

rogr

am

43

Phili

ppin

e Sc

ient

ific E

arth

Ob

serv

atio

n M

icro-

Sate

llite

(D

IWAT

A Pr

ogra

m)

44

ROGE

R:

Robu

st a

nd R

apid

ly D

eplo

yabl

e GS

M B

ased

Sta

tions

and

Bac

khau

l fo

r Em

erge

ncy

Resp

onse

End-to-end monitoring (monitoring andresponse), forecasting and early warningsystems are established and/or improved

PAGASA:• Developed, upgraded and institutionalized EWS information sharing and

communication system between LGUs, communities and nationalgovernment through capacity enhancement of the PRSD personnel.

• Prepared multi-hazard maps;• established community based EWS particularly Severe Wind Impact and

Exposure Database;• upgraded and updated existing storm surge models, inundation maps of all

coastal areas of the Philippines; and listed drought-vulnerable areas.• Improved Flood forecasting and Warning System for Magat Dam, Davao,

Buayon-Malungon, Tagoloan Rivers; and installed 500 hydro-meteorologicaldevices and 500 warning stations with online user interface capability.

• established Climate Field School as training and demonstration center forfarmers and fishermen;

• developed drought-vulnerability map and drought index.

45

Communities access to effective andapplicable disaster risk financing andinsurance

DOF:• Adopted the Disaster Risk Financing and Insurance (DRFI) Strategy providing

comprehensive framework for financial protection solutions against naturaldisasters at the national, local, and individual levels.

• commenced preparations for the implementation of two (2) DRFI Strategy toinclude the Local Disaster Resilience Insurance Fund (LDRIF) with 10 LGUsparticipating and the DRFI strategy mainstreaming in two line agencies.

• OCD-NDRRMC, DILG, DBM, and DOF: Drafted a Joint Memorandum Circular (JMC)for the establishment and institutionalization of DRFI solutions in LGUs and NGAs.

46

DRRM and CCA-sensitive environmentalManagement

DENR:• Implemented the National Greening Program (NGP) wherein a total

of 313,580,000 seedlings were produced for 334,364.• Intensified the forestry law enforcement works and campaign for

anti-illegal logging under EO no. 23 series of 2011 with a decreasein the identified illegal logging hotspots to 23.

• Full swing implementation of the National Forest ProtectionProgram protecting 6.839M ha of forest lands with forest cover and3.717M ha of protected areas or national parks.

47

48

R.A. 656 mandates all national government agencies, GOCCs and LGUs up to first class municipalities to insure with the GSIS not only their properties but any insurable interest of the government (Villacin 2017).

GSIS Property Insurance for NGAs, GOCCs, LGUs (2016)

Risk

Tran

sfer I

nstr

umen

t

DPWH

49

Resil

ient

Infra

stru

ctur

e

Increased resiliency of infrastructure systems

DPWH

Upgraded the National Building Code to include Green Technology; 30 national owned buildings were assessed Completed the design of the one-story resilient school building and the two-story multi-purpose building Updated inventory of infrastructure yearly and assessment of risk and vulnerability for critical infrastructure; 61 SUCs assessed for damages end of 2013.Started implementing Structural Resiliency Program in new construction and in the reconstruction of calamity damages infrastructures. Recovered road right of way of critical national roads and bridges and upgrade design to ensure flood-free at all times Identified public facilities as safe Shelter Centers in disaster prone municipalities for resilient design and redundancy to also be used as emergency command center and evacuation facility Upgraded engineering design standards for flood control, drainage and slope protection works.

DepEd

Implemented the disaster-resilient school building design Integrated DRRM in Brigada Eskwela Signed Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) to support schools in assessing electrical facilities

HLURB Mainstreamed CCA-DRR in the new Integrated Model Zoning Ordinance (MZO) for cities and municipalities

50

LGU

Capa

city

Enha

ncem

ent

51

DILG

Stra

tegi

c Res

pons

e

52

DILG

Stra

tegi

c Res

pons

e

Crafting of the National Disaster Response Plan (NDRP) for Hydro-meteorologicalHazards in 2014

- First “per hazard type” of response plan on the national level

- Prescribes the relevant activities on how the disaster response shall beconducted as augmentation or assumption of response functions to thedisaster affected LGUs

- Includes identifying roles and responsibilities of organizations/institutionsduring disaster/emergency phase

Crafting of the NDRP for Earthquake & Tsunamis and NDRP for ConsequenceManagement for Terroristic Activities are already in the final stages as ofSeptember 2016.

LISTAHANAN or the National Household Targeting System for Poverty Reduction (NHTS-PR)

- Information management system that identifies who and where the poor are in the country

- The predictive analytics help in estimating the number of food packs to be stored before adisaster. (I.e. minimum number of food packs stored depends on the number ofpoor families)

Establishment of child-friendly and women-friendly spaces in temporary shelters

Creation of the International Humanitarian Assistance (IHA) cluster

DSWD Central and Field Offices Staff deployed and assisted in disaster operations for naturaland human-induced disasters

Issued advisories and disaster reports, press releases through SMS and social media

Activated the Field Office and NROO Warehouses during disaster response operations

Increased number of stockpile and standby funds for the Field Offices to replenish needed Foodand Non-Food Items (FNFI) during disaster operations

Activated mobile HUBs set-up in affected areas

Inaugurated and enhanced mechanized repacking system in partnership with World FoodProgramme (WFP)

P358,201,168.07 worth of relief assistance was provided to 696,807 affected families from 17regions

gmanetwork.com WFP Philippines Twitter page

Constructed 1,410 transitional shelters in Region VII and 700 transitional shelters in Region IX inpartnership with International Organization for Migration (IOM).

Provided livelihood assistance and grants to the affected families

Implemented Cash-For-Work for the 520,002 families and provision of P7,737,030,476 worth offinancial assistance to affected disaster areas nationwide

- Beneficiaries would work in community projects such as cleaning the shorelines, food production, and mangrove and tree planting for a payment of P222/day.

Preparation of Strategic Action Plans (SAPs) for areas affected by disasters

Conduct of Post-Disaster Needs Assessments (PDNAs)

Participation in the Pre-Disaster Risk Assessment (PDRA) activities

Formulation of Rehabilitation and Recovery Plans (RRPs) for areas affected by major disasters

- Reconstruction Assistance on Yolanda (RAY)

- Yolanda Comprehensive Rehabilitation and Recovery Plan (CRRP)and monitored progress ofits implementation

- RAY Implementation for Results (I4R) or the outcome monitoring framework for Yolandarehabilitation efforts

- Pablo Rehabilitation Plan (PRP)

Drafting of Roadmap to Address the Impact of El Niño (RAIN)

Institutional Translation: DOST

59

Department Item 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010

DOST

1. Participation in the inter-agency natural disaster prevention and preparedness activities- Support to Operations 1,479,000 581,000 344,000 344,000

2. Weather modification activities and NATURAL DISASTER REDUCTION including the payment of P25,000 per annum for the flying pay of personnel (on flying status) undertaking aerial flights -Research

9,225,000 4,238,000 3,825,000 3,825,000

3. Conduct of researches for natural disaster, pursuant to Section 10 of P.D. No. 78, as amended-Research 8,286,000 3,365,000 2,584,000 2,284,000

4. Scientific and Technological Research and Development on Volcanology, Seismology and Geophysics and Disaster Mitigation - Operations 130,177,000 160,508,00

0 107,372,00

0 70,709,000

5. Enhancement of Earthquake and Volcano Monitoring and Effective Utilization of Disaster Mitigation Information in the Philippines (*for 2015, the amount is already included in the Disaster Mitigation and Management fund)

14,000,000 8,000,000 76,000,000 8,600,000 9,800,000 14,700,000

Institutional Translation: DOST

60

Department Item 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010

DOST6. Enhancement of Volcano, Earthquake and Tsunami Warning Systems for Disaster Risk Reduction in the Philippines (*for 2015, the amount is already included in the Disaster Mitigation and Management fund)

8,660,000 16,000,000

7. Various Research Programs lincluding 1) Disaster Science Management; 2) ICTfor cloud computing and software-as-a-service; and (3) Responsible mining technologies

40,000,000 120,000,000

8. Telemetered Flood Forecasting and Warning System for 13 out of 18 Major Rivers in the Philippines 9,000,000 12,900,000 15,000,000 65,000,000

8. Disaster Mitigation and Management - PhilVocs47,640,000 37,041,000 54,151,000

9. Disaster preparedness and risk reduction services- PhilVocs 17,638,000 11,694,000 10,694,000 10. Disaster Mitigation and Management - PAG-ASA

115,850,000 81,251,000

Institutional Translation: DOST

61

Department Item 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010Foreign-Assisted Projects

DOST

1. Improvement of Flood Forecasting andWarning System in the Pampanga and Agno River Basins - JICA Grant Phase I - Pampanga River Basin, Phase II - Agno River Basin

50,000,000 50,000,000

2. Strengthening of Flood Forecasting andWarning System for Dam Operation (FFWSDO) - JICA Grant TCP 41,251,000 40,000,000 40,000,000

3. Improvement Flood Forecasting andWarning System for Magat Dam and Downstream Communities (FFWSDO) NoRAD Grant - For 2015; strengthening

13,000 17,832,000 17,832,000 40,000,000

4. JICA RADAR 40,000,000 44,276,000 42,907,000 52,907,000 5. Improvement of Capabilities to Cope with Natural Disasters Caused by Climate Change(JICS) 41,251,000 41,251,000 41,251,000 40,000,000

6. Establishment of Early Warning and Response System for Disaster Mitigation in Metro Manila (Pasig-Marikina River Basin) KOICA 33,120,000 33,120,000

Institutional Translation: DOST

62

Department Item 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010Foreign-Assisted Projects

DOST7. Improvement of Flood Forecasting and Warning System in Bicol River Basin (JICS-Crown Agent) (GoJ) 41,250,000 8. Establishment of a Pilot Automatic Warning System (AWS) in Cagayan de Oro River Basin (RDMI 2) 1,000,000 9. Automation of Flood Early Warning System for Disaster Mitigation in Greater Manila (KOICA 3) 18,600,000 10. Project for the Rehabilitation of Metereological Radar System in Guiuan 30,000,000 11. Establishment of a Disaster Management TrainingCenter in Aurora 39,358,00012. Establishment of the Philippine Disaster Science Center 100,000,000

TOTAL 88,280,016 285,010,015 319,600,014 360,020,013 434,973,012 352,686,011 399,429,010

Institutional Translation: DILG

63

Department Item 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010

DILG1. Enhancing LGU Capacity on Climate Change Adapatation and Disaster Risk Management Framework

76,000,000 76,000,000 76,000,000 76,000,000 40,000,000 40,000,000

2. Emergency Response Network (Patrol 117)19,792,000 19,683,000 19,577,000 19,571,000 19,411,000 19,411,000 34,316,000

3. Barangay Security, Emergency and Disaster Preparedness 20,000,000

4. Rescue and Relief Operations to Barangays Affected by Calamities 200,000,000

3. Conduct of community work including disaster-preparedness and relief operations, livelihood/ cooperatives development, sports development, medical-dental outreach activities, engineering services, socio-cultural development and other related activities which are confidential in nature

300,124,000 292,373,000 292,379,000 240,418,000 193,088,000 191,888,000 165,315,000

4.Quick Response Fund for BFP and PNP150,000,000

TOTAL 545,916,000 388,056,000 387,956,000 335,989,000 252,499,000 251,299,000 419,631,000

Institutional Translation: DSWD

64

Department Item 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010DSWD

1. Assistance to victims of disasters andnatural calamities including handling andhauling of commodity donations 912,324,000 913,905,000 52,096,000

48,043,000 48,043,000 48,043,000 45,755,000

2. Quick Response Fund 1,325,000,000 1,325,000,000 662,500,000 662,500,000 662,500,000

TOTAL 2,237,324,000 2,238,905,000 714,596,000 710,543,000 710,543,000 48,043,000 45,755,000

Institutional Translation: DND

65

Department Item 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 2010

DND1. Supervision, Coordination and Direction of Disaster (Response) Management - OSEC 2,350,000 2,650,000 7,400,000 5,000,000 2. Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (DRRM) Services-Domestic disaster response management and operations (QRF) -OSEC 200,000,000 352,500,000 352,500,000

3. Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Fund - OCD 64,228,000 645,924,000 68,257,000 63,269,000

4. Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Policy Services 420,697,000 412,817,000 77,184,000

5. Quick Response Fund- OCD 530,000,000 530,000,000 530,000,000 530,000,000 530,000,000

6. Disaster Response- Operation and maintenance of units engagedin disaster and relief operations - AFP (Phil Army) 4,000,000 7,811,000 7,016,000 3,185,000

7. Disaster Response-Disaster response and relief services - AFP (Phil Air Force) 315,894,000 241,713,000 159,684,000 148,911,000 8. Disaster Response-Vessel/SAR operations/ground mobility - AFP (Phil Navy) 586,000 586,000 586,000 586,000

TOTAL 1,150,697,000 1,295,317,000 959,684,000 917,058,000 1,428,684,000 242,943,000 220,951,000

Key Insights

66

Resources, human capital, and capacity buildingRA 10121, particularly the NDRRMP, is substantive;Resources are increasing and relatively apt compared to pre-RA10121Distribution of resources an issue; equity for the poorest LGUs. CurrentLDRRMF is too skewed against poor LGUsFinancing schemes for preparedness and mitigation should further be exploredTagging arrangement for climate change expenses between the ClimateChange Commission and the Department of Budget and Management (DBM)can be adopted by the NDRRMC/OCD and the DBM for DRRM-related spendingLGUs had difficulty complying with the human resource provisions under RA10121 leading to a dearth of DRRM workers stationed at the municipal levelDRRM assets address diffent organizational mandates/priorities

67

Grounding science and promoting M&EData and scientific know-how have to be processed and translated intoappropriate behaviors on the ground; dissemination through a multi-stakeholderapproachInstitutional niches: some organizations are in better strategic and resourceposition to assume certain responsibilities: i.e. issue between the DILG and theOCD on the review and recommendation of appropriate plans for LGUsImplementation of any monitoring and evaluation mechanism to consider thechecklist of NDRRMP activities and outputsStrict reporting of DRRM resources, including the status of calamity funds, quick response funds, and institutional funding, has to be instituted

68

Institutional arrangements and responsibilities

69

Institutional leadership and initiative is keyInstitution-led initiatives under the four thematic pillars were identified and implemented with relative independence from the NDRRMP.NDRRMC secretariat mandated with coordinative roles in the identification, implementation, and monitoring of DRRM programs, projects, and activitiesNDRRMP has not received the same treatment as the Philippine Development Plan, where translation to projects and programs can be funded and implemented.Issues on institutional authority, facilitative arrangements, and applicable platforms need to be addressed and clarified

Institutional PlatformNeed to harmonize the institutional divide between CC and DRRMAvenues for productive discourses, institutional collaboration, and capacityaugmentation need to be instituted.Institutional transition during administration changes is always a critical concern:NDRRMC, given its structure and composition, perennially suffers from competitionwith other departmental missions, an alternative bureaucratic platform responsible forall phases of DRRM may be explored

70

There is apt policy for DRRM, and the institutional backbone has beenprimed as embodied under the law, but the spirit of coordination andcooperation still needs to be strengthened.The full realization of RA 10121 and the NDRRMP ultimately requiresappropriate sectoral and institutional translation of the nationalagenda, reflecting more refined institutional arrangements, policysupport, feedback, and evaluation mechanisms.

71

Institutionalized?

Philippine Institute for Development StudiesSurian sa mga Pag-aaral Pangkaunlaran ng Pilipinas

Service through policy research

72

WEBSITE: www.pids.gov.ph

FACEBOOK: facebook.com/PIDS.PH

TWITTER: twitter.com/PIDS_PH

Thank you

73

Recent- Philippine Government Initiatives Adopted the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction in 2015

- Philippines piloted the implementation of the new framework

- Series of trainings and workshops were conducted in the country to support the capacitydevelopment and pilot testing of draft Sendai Framework indicators at a national level

- Plans to replicate similar training program within the Philippines, including among localauthorities, in the future

Ratified the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and Paris Agreement

Continuous commitment to Making Cities Resilient campaign

- launched in 2010 to help reduce disaster risk at the local level by sharing good practices fromaround the globe

- Current network includes more than 100 provinces, cities and other municipalities in thePhilippines

74

Recent- Philippine Government Initiatives

Passage of Republic Act 10821 or the “Children’s Emergency Reliefand Protection Act” in 2016; aims to protect children and mothersduring emergencies and disaster situations. Also mandated the creationof a Comprehensive Emergency Program for Children (CEPC)

NEDA, through PDP 2017-2022, urged the operationalization of signedMemorandum of Understanding between National Disaster RiskReduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) and Climate ChangeCommission (CCC) for Collaboration Program on Philippine Climate RiskReduction

75

Recent- Philippine Government InitiativesDRRM-related strategies in the newly approved Philippine Development Plan (2017-2022)

- Roll out climate and disaster vulnerability and risk assessment nationwide.

- Develop facilities for adaptation including risk transfer mechanisms (RTM).

- Provide adequate transition houses and livelihood opportunities to disaster victims during the earlyrehabilitation and recovery period

- Provide adequate mental health and psychosocial support services (MHPSS)

- Conduct of a post or rapid disaster needs assessment (P/ RDNA)

- Promote business continuity planning

- Promote climate and disaster-resilient structures and designs following established measures andstandards

- Dissemination of information on available international and national CC and DRRM financing facilities

- Identification of indicators for strengthened monitoring and evaluation of CC and DRRM initiatives

76

Recent- Philippine Government InitiativesDRRM-related strategies in the newly approved PhilippineDevelopment Plan (2017-2022)

- National Spatial Strategy (NSS): seeks to make vulnerability reductionan integral part of development- Legislative Agenda:•Further strengthening the Philippine DRRM system andinstitutionalizing the Framework Plan: Creation of a National DisasterRisk Reduction and Management Authority (NDRRMA)•Evacuation Center Act: Establish permanent and typhoon-resilientevacuation centers with the necessary facilities to avoid the practiceof using classrooms as evacuation centers during calamities

77