HARDY-WEINBERG AND GENETIC EQUILIBRIUM

Ch. 16-1 pp 317-320

Flipbook Due Tomorrow!Warm-up 2/20: Make a double bubble (or ven diagram) comparing and contrasting convergent and divergent evolution. Make sure to include at a minimum:

Analogous Structures

Biogeography

Environment

Co-evolution

Phenotype Genotype

Convergent Both Divergent

Artificial Selection

Adaptive radiation

Homologous Structures

Embryology Vestigial

Structures Common

Ancestor

Variation of Traits in a Population In a population, organisms tend to show

small variations of a trait

Bell Curve – shows thatwhereas a few fish are very short and a few arevery long, most are ofaverage length.

Variations are caused by mutations, genetic recombination, and random-pairing of alleles

The Gene Pool

Gene Pool = the total genetic material available in a population

Adapting to new selection factors can only use existing genes found in the population

Allele Frequency = the number of a certain allele in the population / the total number of all alleles

The phenotype frequencies can change between generations but allele frequencies that create the phenotypes generally do not change very much between generations

A population is the smallest level evolution can work on, changing the genetic composition of the population over time.

The Gene Pool

Gene Pool- genetic variation stored in population

Each allele exists at a certain frequency - gene frequency

Hardy-Weinberg Genetic Equilibrium

States that genotype frequencies remain the same from generation to generation unless acted upon by an outside influence

Makes the following assumptions for a theoretical non-evolving population:

1) No Net Mutations – alleles remain the same

2) Individuals neither enter nor leave the population – no immigration/emigration

3) Large population – ideally infinitely large

4) Random mating

5) Selection does NOT occur – no natural or artificial selection at work

Keep in mind this is theoretical!!! These rules generally allow us to determine the source of a population’s change

Flipbook Due FridayQuiz Friday & HW Read p317-320 Do p320 #1-5 Both Due Mon.

Superposition Biogeography Phylogeny/ phylogenic tree Adaptive Radiation Allele frequency Gene pool Hardy-Weinberg genetic equilibrium

Flipbook Due FridayQuiz Friday & HW Read p317-320 Do p320 #1-5 Both Due Mon.