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Halliburton Shale Solutions
Unconventional resources.Unlimited potential.
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The Halliburton Advantage:Unmatched Resources for All-Inclusive Shale Solutions
The key to unlocking the potential of unconventional gas resources is knowledge that spans
from initial resource assessment to initial production and beyond. Halliburton offers you that
knowledge through extensive technological capabilities and unequaled experience in shale
gas exploitation.
Our industry-leading product service lines provide the differentiating technologies and
services you need to meet the challenges of shale gas production:
Advanced analysis and evaluation services that deliver vitalinformation about well conditions, formation pressures, gasand geology, giving you confidence in determining producibilityof your shale play and planning exploitation strategies
Comprehensive drilling and reservoir evaluation toolsthat maximize reservoir contact while providing real-timegeosteering and drilling optimization, so you get fast, efficientwell construction
Innovative completion and production technologies,integrated for your specific shale application, to optimizereservoir drainage during the production phase and beyond
A suite of stimulation monitoring and optimization productsand services that lets you visualize and optimize reservoirdrainage in real time, maximizing production while reducing costs
HALLIBURTON SHALE SOLUTIONS
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Yielding little production since drillingbegan in 1981, the Barnett shale inTexas became an “instant” major play in1995, when introduction of hydraulicfracturing technology unleashed morethan two million cubic feet of gas perday from each of five out of six initialwells. With current assets still exceedingan estimated 10 trillion cubic feet, theBarnett shale today produces twopercent of all the gas consumed daily inthe U.S.
Marcellus
AntrimBakken
New Albany
Fayetteville
Woodford / Caney
Gammon
Green River
Cane Creek
Devonian
Conasauga
Floyd
Haynesville /BossierBarnett
Niobrara
Lewis / Mancos
Monterey
When it comes to absolutely maximizing your shale gas asset – no matter where in North America it may be – Halliburton brings theproven strategies of first-hand experience to the job. We’re the only service provider with that breadth of shale gas knowledge about notjust a handful of plays, but all of them.
Across the country, Halliburton technical teams form a national network of shale gas knowledge, sharing their experience andunderstanding of local geology and collaborating with other product service line experts in a continuous process of innovation. Thisunequalled knowledge and experience gives Halliburton the ability to rapidly transfer and modify best practices from one play toanother – no matter what the difference in geology or geography.
With proven expertise in all aspects of drilling, evaluation, completion and stimulation – in every shale basin in the U.S. – our all-inclusive approach to well construction means Halliburton can tailor the entire process in a custom solution for your shale application.
That’s something no other company can offer. That’s the Halliburton advantage.
The Advantage of Knowledge
HALLIBURTON SHALE SOLUTIONS
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Much of the estimated 1,000 trillioncubic feet of U.S. shale gas is found inbasin-centered accumulations withproduction mechanisms that differaccording to source rock attributes.Understanding the implications of thesedifferences in designing explorationstrategies, Halliburton providesexpertise and analytical tools foridentifying critical attributes of basin-centered gas accumulations to increaseexploration and production-planningeffectiveness.
Optimizing shale development begins in the discovery phase. Can the reservoir produce? What’s the best wellplan tomaximize exposure? Where and when will the well require fracturing?
To assist in marshalling reservoir knowledge and making those critical early decisions, you need an experienced andknowledgeable partner capable of designing reliable and innovative technical solutions. For a total solutions offering,Halliburton's ShaleStimSM fracturing technology uses a life cycle management approach from evaluation throughrecovery phases. At the start, our ShaleEvalSM service employs shale experts located in key North American marketsand in our Duncan Technology Center to answer the geological questions about producibility, screen reservoirs forfluid sensitivity, and simplify the complexity of wellbore planning through visualization. So you get the knowledgeyou need to make decisions with confidence.
Key Knowledge
Understanding the Challenges of Shale Gas Production
Shale is tricky. Generally homogenous, the fine-grained rock actually comprises a varietyof formations characterized by differing geology, geochemistry, geo-mechanics andproduction mechanisms – all of which can differ from shale to shale, and even within thesame shale.
With first-hand experience in every shale gas play in the U.S., Halliburton knows thechallenges these differences create, and we’ve got solutions through every phase of shalegas development.
CHALLENGE:Improving Discovery and Planning to Reduce Risk
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Every gas shale play is different. From the relatively shallow, fractured Fayetteville shale of the Arkoma Basin to the deep, harshconditions of the Haynesville shale of Louisiana, every reservoir requires a special approach. But wherever your play, you wantdrilling and reservoir evaluation solutions that maximize reservoir exposure while mitigating the risks of drilling unstableformations – and you need cost-efficiencies in this low-margin environment.
Halliburton’s integrated solutions bring together the tools you need:
To help mitigate risks during drilling, the ADT® drilling optimization service employs DrilSaver™ III software to detect andmeasure the magnitude of drilling vibrations, while geomechanics software from Landmark’s Knowledge Systems Inc. (KSI).reduces uncertainties in preplanning geomechanical and pore pressure models, so you can run optimal mud weights for wellcontrol and wellbore stability.
To improve drilling efficiencies, the GeoForce® constant wall thickness motor is matched with a Security DBS Drill BitsFullDrift® bit to deliver faster drilling and better wellbore quality, while the industry-first 3D-i™ drilling optimization packagemaximizes system performance. You can even monitor rig floor activity to reduce NPT using MaxActivity™, and MaxDrill™applications providing the driller with rig floor display of optimum drilling parameters for specific bit design and rockproperties.
Optimizing horizontal wellbore placement to achieve maximum drainage requires the ability to change well trajectory inreal time. Halliburton’s near-bit sensors provide inclination, gamma and combination measurements, while our StrataSteer®3D geosteering package provides geological roadmapping in real time, and the Mercury™ electromagnetic telemetry systemdelivers faster communication that’s more reliable than mud pulse telemetry.
To reduce the risk of damaging the formation or collapsing the wellbore, Halliburton’s Pressure-While-Drilling sensorprovides real-time monitoring. And in underbalance applications, GeoBalance® managed pressure drilling system providesprecise pressure control services to help protect fragile formations. Constant bottomhole pressure is maintained to overcomeinstability caused by formation pressure cycling, and damage to the formation is minimized without interfering with thenatural fracture system.
To cut well construction costs, our advanced reservoir drainage solutions combine multilateral drilling with multistagefracturing capabilities to effectively improve reservoir exposure and drawdown with a smaller footprint.
CHALLENGE:Optimizing Well Construction to Maximize Reservoir Contact
HALLIBURTON SHALE SOLUTIONS
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When precise borehole positioning or geosteering cannot be accomplished by conventional methods, LaserStrat® chemostratigraphy serviceprovides “geochemical fingerprinting” to identify stratigraphic units in near real-time at the wellsite, enhancing stratigraphic control withunprecedented resolution for precise wellbore placement. A significant advantage of the LaserStrat service is that it works well in higher silicarocks which are predominant in the best zones for fracturing in many shale plays.
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Advantages of using Chemostratigraphy at Wellsite
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Because of the highly variable nature of shale, each basin, well and pay zone requires completion solutions that are customized to theconditions at hand. Formation characteristics, downhole conditions, environmental constraints and the constant need for costefficiency create special challenges in every shale reservoir.
Providing all-inclusive shale solutions for your shale play, Halliburton offers a wide range of stimulation technologies andservices, including the newest, most advanced fracturing technologies, and the most comprehensive monitoring andoptimization capabilities:
CHALLENGE:Optimizing Reservoir Drainage for Maximum Production
HALLIBURTON SHALE SOLUTIONS
To maximize value of stimulation services, our VeriStimSM service optimizes stimulation operations in real time,using the StimWatch® service to provide continuous temperature profiles over the length of a treatment well.Combining this data with ExactFrac® microseismic data from the fracturing process, VeriStim service enables youto visualize and optimize reservoir drainage.
To effectively stimulate horizontal openhole wells requires placing fractures with surgical precision. Usingdrillpipe, tubing or coiled tubing in single and multilateral horizontal completions, the patented SurgiFrac® servicecreates distinct individual fractures where conventional methods cannot.
To achieve the highest possible cumulative production, you need to optimize fracture placement from the start.Innovative horizontal multizonal completions options from Halliburton provide the precision and efficiency ofPinpoint stimulation for highly accurate fracture placement with little or no intervention. Using the Delta Stim®sleeve and Swellpacker® isolation system lets you selectively access a variety of pay zones in a single wellbore andprovides you with the option to close off one or more zones at a future date.
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To overcome unique challenges of water fracturing, you need unique solutions. Halliburton’sAquaStim® service combines specially designed additives into a custom package that improves cleanup,reduces fracture face damage and helps improve production from water fracturing treatments.OptiKleen-WF™ cleanout agent improves clean-up while GasPerm 1000™ surfactant removes waterfrom the fracture face area to reduce damage. Compatible with all water-based fracturing fluids,including seawater, SandWedge® treatment enhances proppant pack conductivity for improvedlong-term production, reducing or eliminating fines migration and protecting against diagenesis.
To minimize water requirements, Halliburton has introduced OmegaFrac™ additive, the first fracturing fluid that eliminates theneed to use potable water without compromising the necessary fluid qualities. While most fluids used in fracturing treatmentstoday are blended from fresh water and natural polymers, OmegaFrac additive is based on a proprietary biopolymer and usesfield-produced brine water to effectively suspend and deliver proppant into the fracture, providing easy clean-up to maximizesustained conductivity.
To overcome limitations imposed by harsh environments, you need expertise and technology for reliable solutions, even inhigh-temperature, high-pressure applications. When rate, wellhead pressures and pump times require reliable high-pressureequipment, Halliburton is the recognized leader, providing Sperry Drilling Services’ Stellar® MWD/LWD suite, which includes theSOLAR® high-temperature service, delivery of exceptional performance even under the most extreme downhole conditions.
To overcome flow convergence issues, CobraMax® H fracturing service provides maximum near-wellbore conductivity,combining Hydra-Jet™ service-assisted fracturing with the well control capabilities and speed of coiled tubing. Used to stimulatecased and cemented horizontal wells with induced screenouts at the end of each treatment, CobraMax H service improves wellperformance by accurately controlling the fracture placement in horizontal sections.
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Halliburton Knows ShaleWith our understanding of shale reservoirs nationwide, Halliburton meets the wide-ranging challenges of shale gas productionwith an all-inclusive approach to custom shale solutions.
We’ve established a national network of Halliburton technical teams who know their shale “from the ground down.” Theyunderstand the challenges presented by local geology and maintain a close collaboration with other local specialists within each ofHalliburton’s product service lines. This seamless, comprehensive knowledge connection has led to optimization solutions thatspan from the discovery and planning phase to production enhancement, and include critical operations such as WaterManagement and Drilling Efficiency.
Through this extensive “eco-system” of shale gas knowledge, Halliburton alone has the power to deliver all-inclusive customsolutions for shale gas producers across the country. Because knowledge is power – and no one knows shale like Halliburton.
To determine the viability and producibility of shalereservoirs, ShaleEvalSM service provides expertlithology analysis through complex formation and fluidscreenings, while ShaleFracSM service offers QuikLook®reservoir modeling with advanced fracturing designcapabilities for stage development and optimumwellbore placement.
Due to the unique nature of shale, each basin, asset,well and pay zone requires specific treatments whichcan be optimized in real time for the best economicvalue using VeriStimSM stimulation monitoring andoptimization service. This flagship workflow ofHalliburton’s Digital Asset™ environment integrates asuite of products and services that enables theoperator to visualize and optimize reservoir drainagein a real-time collaborative environment, maximizingreserves and reducing CAPEX.
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TheTechnology Advantage
Halliburton’s success in the shale and around the country comes from decades of experience and continuous technologicalinnovation. Our line-up of product service line companies includes some of the most recognized technical leaders in the industry:Landmark. Sperry Drilling Services. Security DBS Drill Bits. Baroid Fluid Services. We’ve been here from the start, instrumental indeveloping the key enabling technologies that first made shale gas production economically viable. And we’ve never stopped.
Today, Halliburton integrated shale solutions include the newest, most advanced stimulation innovations, already helping reduceproduction costs in shale gas plays around the county:
An improvement over existing proppants, Halliburton’s new MonoProp™ proppant achieves a partial monolayer of deformablepolymer alloy particles to maintain adequate fracture width without creating flow impediments, allowing unrestrictedhydrocarbon fluid flow from the formation through the fracture to the wellbore.
A new, advanced dry polymer ADP™ blender mixes Halliburton fracturing fluids from a dry-polymer base rather than ahydrocarbon-based concentrate, reducing environmental impact. And our innovative MIMIC™ proppant transport measuringdevice directly measures the ability of the fracturing fluid to transport the propping agent under specific downhole conditions,providing a measurement that until now could only be inferred from fluid viscosity.
We’re developing new multistage fracturing techniques and making significant strides toward balancing the globalhydrocarbon/fresh water equation with water management solutions that minimize use of fresh water and reduce or eliminateproduced water and the need for disposal.
Proven expertise and continuous innovation. This is the technology advantage, and it means that no other service company cansupply what Halliburton does: integrated solutions backed with the science and experience necessary to adapt them to the uniquechallenges of shale geology.
With proper wellbore positioning, horizontal or highlydeviated wells substantially increase ultimate recoveryin vertically fractured shales. To help guide thewellpath during drilling, the InSite AFR™ azimuthalfocused resistivity sensor continuously deliversmultiple images of boundaries around the borehole todetermine direction and distance to adjacent bedboundaries, and identifies fractures and fractureorientation for future frac placement and design. Byreducing uncertainties in structure and formationproperties, this advanced evaluation technology fromHalliburton can help deliver more accurate reservoirmodels, superior reserves estimation, and optimumwell placement for maximum oil recovery.
Managing produced water is a vital key to improvingshale economics. Water management solutions fromHalliburton include completion options includinginflow control devices, plugs and packers to reduce oreliminate produced water. By minimizing use of freshwater and reducing or eliminating produced water,Halliburton is making significant strides towardbalancing the global hydrocarbon/fresh water equationwhile reducing the need for produced water disposal.
Key KnowledgeHA
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AnAll-Inclusive Advantage
From rotary steerable drilling systems tochemostratigraphic guidance, leadingtechnologies of Halliburton product servicelines are combined in application-specificsolutions that mean improved efficiencies indrilling shale reservoirs, maximum drainage inproducing them, and greater accuracy inmonitoring and optimization.
But the value of Halliburton’s contribution goesbeyond that.
Because of our long experience in thechallenging geology of U.S. shale basins,Halliburton is well positioned to serve shale gasoperators through a robust North Americaninfrastructure that enables us to meet a growingdemand for services.
In the Bakken shale, for example, wherecustomers have changed stimulation techniquesfrom conventional fracturing with sand toPinpoint stimulation techniques utilizingmanmade proppant, we’ve already developedlogistics solutions with suppliers that enable usto meet the growing demand for manmadeproppant.
As a result of such far-reaching capabilities, youcan depend on our integrated serviceintelligence to lower overall project costs whilemaximizing asset values.
Only Halliburton can combine these extensivetechnological capabilities with unequaledpresence in shale gas exploitation to bring youthe benefits of knowledge-based, all-inclusiveshale solutions. That’s our advantage.
MWD for Underbalanced Drilling
Challenge
When the Appalachian Basin’s leading natural gas producer recently beganan ambitious plan of dry air horizontal drilling in the Devonian shale, itfaced the challenge of directionally drilling multiple underbalanced wellsin a field containing soft formations imbedded with hard stringers.
Solution
For this underbalanced drilling application, Halliburton recommendedcapturing and transmitting survey data using the Mercury™ EMelectromagnetic telemetry MWD system from Sperry Drilling Serviceswhich, unlike the mud pulse telemetry of competitor wireline systems,sends data via fluid and mechanical pulsing technology.
Results
Use of the Mercury EM system from Sperry Drilling Services noticeablyreduced drilling time compared to wireline, cutting the average time of sixdays per well by the competition to just four days per well. At aconservative estimate of $50,000 per day, the resulting savings in drillingcosts approaches $100,000 per well. With hundreds of wells planned forthe field, savings to the operator could total millions of dollars.
Key Performance Indicator
Proven Shale Solutions
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AquaStim®Water Frac Service
Challenge
In shale formations, a water fracturing treatment can create issues even as it improves fracture communication. Using friction-reduced wateras the fluid can leave behind trapped fluids and fracture face damage. One operator looked to Halliburton’s AquaStim® service to overcomethe choking effects of formation changes that were impeding hydrocarbon flow following conventional water frac treatments.
Solution
To increase production in this specific formation, the AquaStim service was usedto design a total water fracturing treatment package combining specific additivesthat included: GasPerm 1000™ surfactant to remove water from the fracture facearea, OptiKleen-WF™ cleanout agent and SandWedge® proppant coating forenhanced conductivity.
Results
The custom-designed AquaStim total water fracturing treatment packageresulted in better clean-up, reduced fracture face damage and improvedproduction with higher initial and ultimate recovery. What’s more, the AquaStimtreatment eliminated use of phenols, resulting in a better environmental profile.
QuadPack® Drill Bits
Challenge
In the hard-to-drill Woodford shale in Hughes County, Oklahoma, Security DBSDrill Bits was challenged to provide a bit design that could increase penetration rateand reduce bit runs through the long intermediate section where the wellplan calledfor a build to horizontal and a long lateral to TD.
Solution
To improve both penetration rate and footage drilled in this hard formation,Security DBS Drill Bits provided an 8-3/4-inch QHD39R roller-cone design. Partof the QuadPack® Plus line of premium bits, the QHD39R combines specificQuadPack bit longevity features and engineered hydraulics to produce optimumdrilling performance over long bit life. In addition to larger bearing load capacitiesand greater seal dependability, the engineered hydraulics design in QuadPack Plusbits enables Security DBS Drill Bits to optimize hydraulic performance and drillingfluid efficiency to further enhance performance and longevity. In this case, theQHD39R provided excellent steerability while drilling 2,160 feet to successfullycomplete the build section at an average ROP of 22.7 feet per hour, then drilled4,455 feet of lateral in just two runs, averaging 29-1/2 feet per hour, to TD thesection at 11,914 feet.
Results
In this field record performance, the QHD39R QuadPack Plus bit from SecurityDBS Drill Bits successfully completed the entire build interval at an excellent ROP,as well as completing the lateral section in a record two runs while achieving a fieldrecord ROP of 30-1/2 feet per hour. As a result, over the interval from the start ofthe build section to TD, the customer realized savings of $177,310.
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Cumulative ProductionSix Barnett Shale Wells,
Hood County, TX
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Chemosteering® Service
Challenge
Encountering a fault of undefined displacement after 400meters of horizontal drilling, one operator chose LaserStrat®chemostratigraphy-while-drilling service to help decidewhether a sidetrack was warranted.
Solution
When the LaserStrat service data showed that drilling upwardjust five meters would position the wellbore back in the payzone, the shallow gas well was successfully chemosteered toTD without a costly sidetrack or abandonment.
Results
Used in subsequent wells, the fault information revealed byLaserStrat service precisely guided wellbore placement whichhelped to double gas production in the third well.
ShaleLog® Service – Mancos Play,Raton Basin
Challenge
Over 18 months, one operator identified and begandeveloping an exploration play for the Pierre member of theMancos shale in the Raton Basin. The Cretaceous-agedlaminated shale is found at depths of 4,000 to 6,000 feet, withgross overall thickness ranging from 2,200 to 2,800 feet.Completions to date have focused on the lowest of fiveintervals with commercial pay of 200 to 400 net feet, but hadproved frustrating with confusing results. Halliburton waschallenged to provide analysis that would bring consistency tothe play.
Solution
By normalizing the logs, using neural networks to reconstructmissing log data and running ShaleLog® service for each wellin the play. The result of this processing focused completionattempts to the brittle shale intervals.
Results
As a result of this successful effort, the operator has nowidentified approximately 1,200 risk-adjusted potential drillinglocations in the Pierre Shale based on 80-acre well spacing.Wells will be tied into the extensive existing CBMinfrastructure and drilled from both existing and new pads,utilizing the Company’s integrated well service model andbenefiting from related drilling efficiencies.
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Sales of Halliburton products and services will be in accord solely withthe terms and conditions contained in the contract between Halliburtonand the customer that is applicable to the sale.
H06377 08/08© 2008 Halliburton. All Rights Reserved.
www.halliburton.com
For more information contact us at:[email protected]
Halliburton Shale Solutions
When it comes to unlocking shale gas, only Halliburton can supply it all - from reservoir characterization and imaging toassessment; horizontal drilling to stimulatoin and produced water handling. Throughout the exploration, development ordecline stage of a play, one technology or technique doesn’t fit all. Even a slight variation in the application of tools ortechnologies can make all of the difference between an excellent or sub par performance. Halliburton offers customsolutions for any given shale play.