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HAND WASHING Dr.D.K.PRUSTY
Definition• Health Care-associated Infection (HCAI)
– Also referred to as “nosocomial” or “hospital” infection
• “An infection occurring in a patient during the process of care in a hospital or other health-care facility which was not present or incubating at the time of admission. This includes infections acquired in the health-care facility but appearing after discharge, and also occupational infections among health-care workers of the facility”
Prevention of health care-associated infection – Validated and standardized prevention
strategies have been shown to reduce HCAI– At least 50% of HCAI could be prevented – Most solutions are simple and not resource-
demanding and can be implemented in developed, as well as in transitional and developing countries
WHY WASH YOUR HANDS ?
• Hand washing is the single most effective way to prevent the spread of communicable diseases.
Hand transmission– Hands are the most
common vehicle to transmit health care-associated pathogens
– Transmission of health care-associated pathogens from one patient to another via health-care workers’ hands requires 5 sequential steps
The “My 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene” approach
Why should you clean your hands?
– Any health-care worker, caregiver or person involved in patient care needs to be concerned about hand hygiene
– Therefore hand hygiene concerns you!– You must perform hand hygiene to:
– protect the patient against harmful germs carried on your hands or present on his/her own skin
– protect yourself and the health-care environment from harmful germs
Hand Washing can prevent
• Good hand washing can prevent diseases such as:Shigellosis, E. Coli, Streptococcal Disease, Influenza and the Common Cold
Dr.T.V.Rao MD 10
Hand hygiene is the single
most effective way to prevent
infection
How to clean your hands– Handrubbing with alcohol-based handrub is the
preferred routine method of hand hygiene if handsare not visibly soiled
– Handwashing with soap and water – essential when when hands are visibly dirty or visibly soiled (following visible exposure to body fluids)1
1 If exposure to spore forming organisms e.g. Clostridium difficile is strongly suspected or proven, including during outbreaks – clean hands using soap and water
To effectively reduce
the growth of germs
on hands,
handrubbing must
be performed by
following all of the
illustrated steps.
This takes only 20–
30 seconds!
How to Hand rub
How to hand washTo effectively reduce
the growth of germs
on hands,
handwashing
must last 40–60
secs
and should be
performed by
following all of the
illustrated steps
Alcohol Hand Rubs• Require less time• Can be strategically placed• Readily accessible• Multiple sites• All patient care areas
Alcohol Hand Rubs• Acts faster• Excellent bactericidal activity• Less irritating (??)• Sustained improvement
• Adequate hand washing with water and soap requires 40–60 seconds
• Average time usually adopted by health-care workers: <10 seconds
• Alcohol-based • hand rubbing: 20–30
seconds
Time constraint = major obstacle for hand hygiene
Summary– HCAI places a serious disease burden and significant
economic impact on patients and health-care systems– Good hand hygiene – the simple task of cleaning hands at
the right times and in the right way – saves lives– There are 5 Moments for Hand Hygiene in Health Care– Global compliance with the My 5 Moments for Hand
Hygiene approach is universally sub-optimal – <insert name of facility> has implemented an Action Plan
to improve hand hygiene and reduce infection– Your support and compliance with the initiatives is
essential to save lives in our facility
WHEN SHOULD YOU WASH YOUR HANDS ?
BEFORE YOU:Prepare or eat food
Treat a cut or woundTend to someone who’s sick
Put in or take out contact lensesDo any kind of activity that involves putting your
fingers in or near your mouth, eyes, etc
WHEN SHOULD YOU WASH YOUR HANDS ?
AFTER YOU:Go to the bathroom
Handle uncooked foods, especially raw meatEat
Blow your nose, cough or sneezeHandle garbage
Tend to someone who is sickChange a diaper
Play with or touch a pet
CORRECT HANDWASHING TECHNIQUE
• Wet hands with warm running water.• Add soap, then rub hands together to make a soapy lather.
Make sure to wash the front and back of your hands, nails and nail beds, wrists and between fingers.
• Wash hands for 20 seconds.• Rinse hands with warm running water with your hands
pointed down.• Dry hands thoroughly with a clean towel and use that towel to
turn off the water and open the door.
Hand Care• Nails• Rings• Hand creams• Cuts & abrasions• “Chapping”• Skin Problems
PROPER TECHNIQUETO COVER YOUR COUGH and SNEEZE
Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you
cough or sneeze.
Then put your tissue in the waste basket
Hand hygiene is the simplest,
most effective measure for preventing hospital-acquired
infections.