Growth and ProsperityGrowth and ProsperityBy the time of the first U.S. Census (an By the time of the first U.S. Census (an

official count of people in an area) in official count of people in an area) in 1790 to 1840 the country had grown in 1790 to 1840 the country had grown in population from 4 million to 17 million.population from 4 million to 17 million.

Georgia’s population grew as well from 83,000 in 1790 to 692,000 in 1840.

The Move WestThe Move WestIn order to keep peace with the Native In order to keep peace with the Native

American Tribes, the government American Tribes, the government ordered Americans not to move west ordered Americans not to move west of the Appalachian Mountains.of the Appalachian Mountains.

The discovery of an old Indian path in The discovery of an old Indian path in the Appalachians called the the Appalachians called the Cumberland Gap allowed colonists to Cumberland Gap allowed colonists to move their wagons westwardmove their wagons westward

Indian Land

CumberlandGap

13 States

Louisiana Purchase 1803Louisiana Purchase 1803The Largest Land Gain in History

Doubled the Size of the U.S.

France sold it to the U.S. for 15 million Dollars or $. 3

1803 TodayAverage Property Value . 3 $20,000

Acres of Land X 52,991,780 52,991,780

Total 15,000,000 1,059,835,600,000

What were the French thinking?What were the French thinking?

$1,059,835,600,000That’s over 1 Trillion Dollars

D’Oh

BEST REAL ESTATE DEAL IN HISTORY!!!

After the Louisiana Purchase people After the Louisiana Purchase people began to rapidly move west for several began to rapidly move west for several reasons but the #1 Reason was reasons but the #1 Reason was Cheap Cheap LandLand..

Review QuestionsReview Questions

How much did the United States pay for How much did the United States pay for the Louisiana Purchase?the Louisiana Purchase?

By how much did the United States grow By how much did the United States grow after the purchase?after the purchase?

How many people were living in the United How many people were living in the United States at 1790? How many in 1840?States at 1790? How many in 1840?

What is your best guess on why so many What is your best guess on why so many people moved south? What were they people moved south? What were they looking for?looking for?

Georgia’s Land Area ExpandsGeorgia’s Land Area Expands

Although Georgia had a lot of land very Although Georgia had a lot of land very few people lived in it, most of the land few people lived in it, most of the land was inhabited by Native Americans, such was inhabited by Native Americans, such as Creeks and Cherokeesas Creeks and Cherokees

Natives Get a Bad DealNatives Get a Bad Deal Many Creek and Cherokee Indians went into debt with the settlersMany Creek and Cherokee Indians went into debt with the settlers The native Americans were pressured/ forced to The native Americans were pressured/ forced to cedecede (give up) even (give up) even

more land as more and more people were coming into Georgia. more land as more and more people were coming into Georgia. Indians ceded 2 million acres in the Back Country (land far from Indians ceded 2 million acres in the Back Country (land far from

inhabited towns)inhabited towns)

Distributing Public LandDistributing Public Land Georgia decided it would be better to give the Georgia decided it would be better to give the

new Indian land away than to sell it.new Indian land away than to sell it. They decided that they would rather have more They decided that they would rather have more

people move to Georgia than they would make people move to Georgia than they would make from selling it. Any ideas why?from selling it. Any ideas why?

Selling land brings PEOPLESelling land brings PEOPLE Giving land away encourages MORE PEOPLE Giving land away encourages MORE PEOPLE

WHO WILL STAY a long time & invest in the WHO WILL STAY a long time & invest in the future of the state.future of the state.

GEORGIA DECIDES TO GIVE LAND AWAY GEORGIA DECIDES TO GIVE LAND AWAY (Remember the land belonged to the natives)(Remember the land belonged to the natives)

Headright SystemHeadright SystemThe 1The 1stst system for distributing land system for distributing landA system for giving away A system for giving away plats (map of plats (map of

land lot’s boundariesland lot’s boundaries)) of land. of land.The head of the household got 200 acresThe head of the household got 200 acresEach member of the household got 50 Each member of the household got 50

acresacresNo more than 1000 acresNo more than 1000 acresVeterans from the Revolution got more Veterans from the Revolution got more

land. land.

Each person wanted the best land.Each person wanted the best land.Because of this many Headright lands Because of this many Headright lands

were often irregularly shaped as everyone were often irregularly shaped as everyone wanted to have the best land.wanted to have the best land.

Land LotteriesLand LotteriesGeorgia got rid of the Headright System of Georgia got rid of the Headright System of

giving away land and decided on a land giving away land and decided on a land lottery: a contest to win land.lottery: a contest to win land.

Each citizen entered into a drawing for up Each citizen entered into a drawing for up to 160 Acre lots of land. to 160 Acre lots of land.

Lottery RulesLottery Rules

Live in Georgia for 12 months

You have to be at least 21 years old

You can only enter once

Lottery ContinuedLottery Continued

People were drawn at randomPeople were drawn at random The winners of the lottery were called, “fortunate The winners of the lottery were called, “fortunate

drawers.”drawers.” The winners could do whatever they wanted to The winners could do whatever they wanted to

with the landwith the land Gold was discovered on Cherokee land in Gold was discovered on Cherokee land in

Dahlonega, Georgia so those lots were only 40 Dahlonega, Georgia so those lots were only 40 acresacres

Pay recording fee of 4 cent an acrePay recording fee of 4 cent an acre 5 more lotteries held over the next 30 years.5 more lotteries held over the next 30 years.

Georgia’s Capital MovesGeorgia’s Capital Moves

SavannahSavannah17331733

AugustaAugusta17861786

LouisvilleLouisville17961796

MilledgevilleMilledgeville18071807

AtlantaAtlanta18681868As more people

moved to Georgia, the capital moved to be close to the center of the population.

S.A.L.M.A.- Georgia’s 5 CapitalsS.A.L.M.A.- Georgia’s 5 Capitals

REMEMBERREMEMBER

S.A.L.M.AS.A.L.M.ASSavannahavannahAAugustaugustaLLouisvilleouisvilleMMilledgevilleilledgevilleAAtlantatlanta

Yazoo Land FraudYazoo Land Fraud Much of land to the west of Georgia belonged to Much of land to the west of Georgia belonged to

the Native Americansthe Native Americans Natives did not believe in owning land.Natives did not believe in owning land. Businessmen asked state officials about buying Businessmen asked state officials about buying

the state owned land near the Mississippi Riverthe state owned land near the Mississippi River The Businessmen were called speculators: The Businessmen were called speculators:

people who buy land cheap and sell highpeople who buy land cheap and sell high

Speculators buySell

Yazoo Land Fraud continuedYazoo Land Fraud continued

This is legal except when government officials This is legal except when government officials are bribed (they took money) to pass a law are bribed (they took money) to pass a law making the land available for sale.making the land available for sale.

Four companies bribed Governor George Four companies bribed Governor George Matthews and state lawmakers to pass a law Matthews and state lawmakers to pass a law allowing them to buy between 35-50 million allowing them to buy between 35-50 million acres for 1.5 cents an acre!!!!acres for 1.5 cents an acre!!!!

The land speculators then sold the land to The land speculators then sold the land to individuals and made HUGE profits.individuals and made HUGE profits.

Yazoo Land FraudYazoo Land Fraud

All of these deals were done without the people All of these deals were done without the people of Georgia knowing and the citizens were of Georgia knowing and the citizens were outrage.outrage.

The deal was The deal was repealed (abolished, taken back)repealed (abolished, taken back) & the law burned at the state capitol& the law burned at the state capitol

Many people who bought the land were Many people who bought the land were refunded moneyrefunded money

Some refused to take the refund and fought up Some refused to take the refund and fought up to the Supreme Court where they were paid to the Supreme Court where they were paid more money than they bought the land for by the more money than they bought the land for by the Federal GovernmentFederal Government

What about the Indians?What about the Indians?

Once the Yazoo Land Fraud was repaired Once the Yazoo Land Fraud was repaired the question remained: What about the the question remained: What about the Indians?Indians?

The national government agreed to pay The national government agreed to pay Georgia $1,250,000 and promised to Georgia $1,250,000 and promised to remove the Native Americans.remove the Native Americans.

By 1802, Georgia’s western border By 1802, Georgia’s western border becomes the Chattahoochee Riverbecomes the Chattahoochee River

GeorgiaGeorgia

Georgia gives up its Georgia gives up its land westward to land westward to create two new statescreate two new states

AlabamaIn 1819

Mississippi1817

Government Encourages Government Encourages Economic GrowthEconomic Growth

With the Indians moved westward Georgia With the Indians moved westward Georgia was attracting more people and more $ was attracting more people and more $ came with themcame with them

The soil in the new land was perfect for The soil in the new land was perfect for growing cotton and people came to get growing cotton and people came to get rich.rich.What is the relationship between gaining What is the relationship between gaining

more land and soil good for growing cotton?more land and soil good for growing cotton?

2 REASONS FOR GEORGIA’S 2 REASONS FOR GEORGIA’S ECONOMIC GROWTHECONOMIC GROWTH

TECHNOLOGYTECHNOLOGY TRANSPORTATIONTRANSPORTATION

Eli Whitney’s Cotton En(GIN)eEli Whitney’s Cotton En(GIN)e

Eli Whitney's invention Eli Whitney's invention allowed the cotton seeds allowed the cotton seeds to be easily separated to be easily separated from the podfrom the pod

His machine could His machine could generate up to fifty generate up to fifty pounds of cleaned cotton pounds of cleaned cotton daily, making cotton daily, making cotton production profitable for production profitable for the southern states. the southern states.

HOW THE COTTON GIN WORKSHOW THE COTTON GIN WORKS

http://http://www.eliwhitney.org/cotton/patent.htm

RailroadsRailroads

The train helped to deliver goods such as cotton The train helped to deliver goods such as cotton to market faster and cheaper so they could be to market faster and cheaper so they could be sold.sold. TIME = MONEYTIME = MONEY

Transportation like the train was needed Transportation like the train was needed because many cotton plantations were far away because many cotton plantations were far away from rivers and streams.from rivers and streams.

The state got involved with railroad building The state got involved with railroad building because it was very expensive and the money to because it was very expensive and the money to build them was limited.build them was limited.

By 1833, Georgia Chartered two railroads By 1833, Georgia Chartered two railroads to be built.to be built.

By 1838, the track was completed from By 1838, the track was completed from Augusta to Greensboro, and on to Augusta to Greensboro, and on to Madison and Athens 3 years later.Madison and Athens 3 years later.

The most effective RR was the Western & The most effective RR was the Western & Atlantic (W&A)Atlantic (W&A)

Atlanta is BornAtlanta is Born Original name of the city was Terminus (means Original name of the city was Terminus (means

end of the railroad line) southeast of the end of the railroad line) southeast of the Chattahoochee RiverChattahoochee River

The end of the W&A was then called The end of the W&A was then called Marthasville after the daughter of the ex-Marthasville after the daughter of the ex-governor Wilson Lumpkin.governor Wilson Lumpkin.

By 1847, the town exceeded 400 people and a By 1847, the town exceeded 400 people and a new name was needed.new name was needed.

The chief engineer of the W&A suggested The chief engineer of the W&A suggested Atlanta after the Atlantic in the name W&A.Atlanta after the Atlantic in the name W&A.

The name was officially changed from The name was officially changed from Marthasville to AtlantaMarthasville to Atlanta

““Gate City”Gate City”

Atlanta was nicknamed the “Gate City” Atlanta was nicknamed the “Gate City” because it is in between the Atlantic because it is in between the Atlantic seaboard and the Midwest.seaboard and the Midwest.

Still a Gate City for travel and transport Still a Gate City for travel and transport with the interstate system and the busiest with the interstate system and the busiest airport in the world, Hartsfield Jackson airport in the world, Hartsfield Jackson International.International.

U.GA. IS BORN!U.GA. IS BORN! With all the growth in Georgia, the state decided With all the growth in Georgia, the state decided

education was important and it needed a education was important and it needed a university.university.

In 1784, the General AssemblyIn 1784, the General Assemblyset aside 40,000 acres of landset aside 40,000 acres of landfor higher education. for higher education. On January2 7, 1785, the University of Georgia On January2 7, 1785, the University of Georgia

was incorporated by the Generalwas incorporated by the GeneralAssembly. Assembly. It became the first state charteredIt became the first state chartereduniversity in America.university in America.

GO DAWGS!!GO DAWGS!!

Review QuestionsReview Questions

What did Georgia do to help steamboats?What did Georgia do to help steamboats?Why were trains important to plantations?Why were trains important to plantations?What was Georgia first called?What was Georgia first called?Why was Georgia called the “Gate City?”Why was Georgia called the “Gate City?”

Religious ActivitiesReligious Activities Anglicans, Quakers, and Methodist circuit Anglicans, Quakers, and Methodist circuit

riders (traveling ministers for frontier dwellers) riders (traveling ministers for frontier dwellers) grew in numbergrew in number

Many Baptists in Georgia, Georgia Baptist Many Baptists in Georgia, Georgia Baptist Convention createdConvention created

Georgia’s first Roman Catholic Church Georgia’s first Roman Catholic Church established in Wilkes County in 1796established in Wilkes County in 1796

Savannah had active Jewish synagogueSavannah had active Jewish synagogue As more towns were established, churches As more towns were established, churches

become central to community life become central to community life In other parts of America, the Mormon church In other parts of America, the Mormon church

and the and the African Methodist Episcopal (A.M.E.) churches were startedchurches were started

GROWTH HAS ITS PRICEGROWTH HAS ITS PRICE

NEXT UP, COERCED/ FORCED NEXT UP, COERCED/ FORCED REMOVAL OF THE CREEK AND REMOVAL OF THE CREEK AND CHEROKEE INDIANSCHEROKEE INDIANS

WITH MORE LAND AND THE WITH MORE LAND AND THE INVENTION OF THE COTTON GIN, THE INVENTION OF THE COTTON GIN, THE MORE NEED FOR SLAVES IN THE MORE NEED FOR SLAVES IN THE SOUTHSOUTH