Grapes

Greece

Geography • Greece’s Physical Geography is:

• Peninsula (water on three sides)

• The Peloponnesus

• Mountainous Terrain (see Map — dark green)

• Extends into the Aegean Sea

• Includes over 2,000 Islands

• Crete is the largest island

Geography • Greece’s Climate

• Mediterranean Climate:Summers are longer than winter, and the winter is mild. Very few places experience snow in a Mediterranean climate. The seasonal changes are due to changes in ocean currents and water temperature. The climate is known for warm to hot, dry summers and mild to cool, wet winters.

• The climate and location near the sea allows for strong industries for products such as:

• Corn, wheat, grapes, olives, sweet beets, beef, and fish.

Religion • In Ancient Greece

(800BC-500BC)

• Greek gods (i.e. mythology)

• Zeus - Hera

• Hades - Echo

• Hercules - Atlas

• Medusa - Jason :)

Religion

• Modern Greece

• Greek Orthodox (98%)

• Greek Orthodox is a branch of the Eastern Orthodox Church which traces its history back to the Byzantine Empire

Comparison Chart Related to Schism in 11th Century

(see next slide)

Religion • The Byzantine Empire (330 AD -1453

AD). —1453 Ottoman Turks conquered.

• Was the Eastern half of the Roman Empire but more “Greek than Latin.”

• Established by the first Christian Emperor Constantine The Great (The Nicean Creed & Edit of Milan)

• 1054 Schism (Split) between Western & Eastern Churches occurred over religious issues.

• The West formed into today’s Catholic Church

• The East formed into Eastern Orthodox Church

The Byzantine Empire at its 6th Century

Height. “A Roman Lake”

Achievements • Athenian Philosophy

• Philosophy means “lover of wisdom.” The three most famous are:

• Socrates (accused of corrupting the Athenian youth—died via hemlock)

• Plato (student of Socrates-famous for “The Cave” & “The Republic.”

• Aristotle (student of Plato, teacher of Alexander the Great). Associated with reason & experiments.

Achievements • Alexander the Great (356-323

BC)

• Macedonian & Taught by Aristotle

• Battled the Greek Rivals the *Persians throughout North Africa & Asia.

• Conquered the “Known World” by the time of his death in 323 B.C.

*** The Persians had been the Greeks main revivals for centuries: The Persian Wars gained fame with the film “300” and the term Marathon (a major battle).

Alexander’s Empire

Politics• Ancient Greece was divided

into multiple City-States.

• City-States (or polis): a city that with its surrounding territory forms an independent state.

• Today’s Greece is unified with citizens identifying themselves as “Greek” instead of Athenian or Spartan.

Map of the Persian Wars (499-479BC and the City-States involved.

Politics • Democracy was founded in Ancient Greece

within the city of Athens

• Democracy is “rule by the people.”

• There are two types:

• Direct: where all citizens vote on issues (i.e. Athens)

• Representative: where citizens elect people to vote on issues for them (i.e. The United States)

• Athenian Democracy reached it height with Pericles between 490-429 BC.

• Main Rival of Athens was the City-State of Sparta. Sparta & Athens would have a major conflict called the Pelopnessian War.

*****Modern Greece is still a democracy with with a democratically elected prime minister and president.—thus please know that Greece went though years of conflict before returning to a somewhat stable democracy in the 1970s. Sparta & Athens

Economics • Today’s Greece:

• Major Industries include:

• Tourism, Fishing, Food & Tobacco processing, Textiles, & Wine.

• Exports: Food & Beverage, manufactured goods, petroleum, and Chemicals.

• Member of the European Union

• Currency is the Euro

• Major industrial centers include Athens and Thessolonki Red-Exports

Blue- Imports

Social Structure • Theater

• Ancient Athens is seen as the creators of comedy & drama.

• Medea & Oedipus Rex

• Literature

• Homer: famous Ancient Greek writer of “The Illiad" & “The Odyessy"

• Architecture

• Greeks famous for three column types: Doric, Ionic, & Corinthian.

• Sports

• The first Olympic games took place in Athens.

Trojan Horse

Happy & Sad

Social Structure • Few things to note about Ancient

Greece:

• In Ancient Athens, to be a “citizen” and vote, one must be male & Athenian.

• Though there system was unique, Sparta women seemed to have more rights than Athenian women (such as some political say & the right to divorce).

• Sparta did have a slave network called helots. The Spartans would actually wage a war against the helots every year to maintain control.

Social Structure • Modern Greece Facts:

• Population: 10,776,000

• Language: Greek

• Literacy Rate: 98%

• Life Expectancy: 80 Years

• Capital City: Athens (Largest City)

• Member of the EU (European Union): an association of European nations formed in 1993 for the purpose of achieving political and economic integration.

• Currency: Euro

• GDP per Capita: $25,600

• **Per capita GDP is a measure of the total output of a country that takes the gross domestic product (GDP) and divides it by the number of people in that country.

• **Gross domestic product (GDP) is the monetary value of all the finished goods and services produced within a country's borders in a specific time period.

Read more: Gross Domestic Product - GDP Definition | Investopedia https://www.investopedia.com/terms/g/gdp.asp#ixzz5LY0pkri6 Follow us: Investopedia on Facebook

SS.7.1 Classify and compare various forms of government through the Age of Imperialism (e.g., democracy, republic, absolute monarchy, constitutional monarchy, oligarchy, dictatorship, theocracy and parliamentary system).

SS.7.3 Compare and contrast the roles, rights and responsibilities of free men, women, children, slaves and foreigners across time in various civilizations. (e.g., ancient civilizations, medieval times, and nation states).

SS.7.5 Summarize and give examples of basic economic terms (e.g., barter, supply, demand, trade, interdependence, currency and scarcity).

SS.7.11 Use correct geographic terminology (e.g., absolute and relative location, latitude, longitude, equator, prime meridian, time zones and physical features of the earth) to draw conclusions about information on a variety of maps, graphs and charts.

SS.7.12 Identify, locate, and draw conclusions about information on a variety of maps (e.g., seven continents, bodies of water, countries, cities, climate regions, transportation routes and natural resources).

SS.7.17 Demonstrate an understanding of the ancient civilizations. • Identify the leaders and distinguish the basic principles and philosophies of

the major religions in the world as they emerged and expanded. • Identify the contributions and influences of ancient civilizations and

categorize the factors that led to their fall (e.g., philosophy, architecture, civics, literature, the arts, science and mathematics).

WV Standards