Grammar Workbook Parsing 2012-2013

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Grammar

Workbook Parsing

Semester 1 – Year 1 Department : English VO/BVE Original edition : Peta Eisberg Revised edition : Aad Sinke (August 2012) Hogeschool van Amsterdam 2012-2013

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Workbook parsing Verbs .................................................................................................................... 3 Nouns ................................................................................................................. 12 Articles, pronouns/determiners ........................................................................... 15 Adjectives / adverbs ............................................................................................ 18 All word classes .................................................................................................. 20

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Verbs exercise 1 Underline/find the verbs:

1. My brothers are playing football in the garden.

2. Did your manager tell you this?

3. Yesterday the dogs barked all night long.

4. Shouldn’t you tell her about your decision?

5. I have been waiting here for ever!

6. She might not have heard the news.

7. Thomas likes chocolate.

8. The windows were probably broken by those nasty boys.

9. My sister was having a bath when the lights all went out.

10. I think she would like to come to the party. Exercise 2 Label the verbs: main verb or auxiliary? Primary auxiliary or modal auxiliary?

1. My brothers are playing football in the garden. Are = Playing =


Did = Tell =


Barked =

4. Shouldn’t you tell her about your decision? Should = Tell =


Have = Been = Waiting =

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6. She might not have heard the news. Might = Have = Heard =


Likes =

8. The windows were probably broken by those nasty boys. Were =. Broken =

9. My sister was having a bath when the lights all went out. (NB: there are 2 predicates in these sentences; 1 in the main sentence, 1 in the sub clause)

Was =. Having = Went =

10. I think she would like to come to the party. (NB: there are 2 predicates in these sentences; 1 in the main sentence, 1 in the sub clause + there is an infinitive (to come) in the DO)

Think = Would = Like = Come =

exercise 3 Label the verbs: finite or non-finite?

1. My brothers are playing football in the garden. Are = Playing =


Did = Tell =


Barked =

4. Shouldn’t you tell her about your decision? Should = Tell =


Have = Been = Waiting =

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11. She might not have heard the news. Might = Have = Heard =


Likes =

13. The windows were probably broken by those nasty boys. Were = Broken =

14. My sister was having a bath when the lights all went out.

Was = Having = Went =

15. I think she would like to come to the party.

Think = Would = Like = Come =

Exercise 4 Please, label all the main verbs in the Predicates in these sentences as intransitive or transitive and try to indicate the subcategories. These are sentences taken form the analysis workbook. S P DO OC 121 Ramsay MacDonald / appointed / him / Secretary of State for India. / appointed = S P DO (A) 122 Nobody / said / a thing / except that one or two asked me if I was better. / said = (A) S P 123 Whether I agreed or not,/ the search / would take place./ take place = S P DO OC 124 They / consider / him / an embarrassment./ consider =

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S P SC 125 The quarrel of the night before / seemed / forgotten. / seemed = S P SC 126 He / was / the cleverest man I ever knew./ was = S P SC 127 The most favoured explanation / was / that he was finally getting tired./

was = S P DO OC 128 The emperor / wore / his hair / rather short./

wore = S P DO (A) 129 She / wanted / someone to talk to / as badly as I did./ wanted = (A) S P DO 130 Stupid as it sounds, /I / believed / her./ believed = S P DO 131 The techniques employed / demonstrate / the rapid advance of the goldsmith’s art./ demonstrate = (A) S P IO DO 132 If anybody has asked me, / I /could have told / them /what happened. /

told = (A) S P 133 ( Shortly after shooting,/ the man who had done it / was arrested. / ) (passive sentence!)

arrested = S P SC 134 What I need / is / a lawyer./ is =

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(A) S P DO 135 When he stopped,/ no one /said / anything./ said = S P DO (A) (A) 136 I / thanked / him / again, / even more heartily than before./ thanked = (A) S P 137 Out on the quiet surface of the river, / something / moved. / moved = S P IO DO 138 They / gave / me / piddling little jobs to do./ gave = (A) S P (A) 139 After Waterloo, / trade and industry / surged / again. / surged = P DO OC 140 Leave / the door / open. Leave = Exercise 5 Step 1: analyse these sentences. Step 2: label the verbs in the predicate: Indicate whether they are main verb or auxiliary, them sub label them (primary aux/modal aux, transitive/ intransitive, etc) Step 3: indicate for these verbs whether they have the finite or non-finite form.

1. My nephew is a stupid boy.

2. Yesterday he stole some toys.

3. He told me the story.

4. He was laughing all the time.

5. He thought it was very funny.

6. He didn’t know his father heard the story.

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7. His father called him a thief.

8. His father will punish him.

9. So, my nephew will be sitting in his room for the rest of the afternoon. Exercise 6

The verbs 1. Select TWO terms from the list below that you think apply to the underlined word.

By next week the students should have finished their Portfolios.

Intransitive

Main

Transitive

Linking verb

Modal

auxiliary

2. Select TWO terms from the list below that you think apply to the underlined word.


Auxiliary

Finite

Modal

Intransitive

Linking verb

Transitive

Non-finite



Intransitive

finite

Non-finite

Transitive

Linking verb

Modal

auxiliary

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How could they do that to you?

Auxiliary

Main

Modal

Intransitive

Linking verb

Transitive


How could they do that to you?

Intransitive

finite

Non-finite

Transitive

Linking verb

Modal

auxiliary


It never became clear why the murderer didn’t wipe away his fingerprints.

Auxiliary

Finite

Modal

Intransitive

Linking verb

Transitive

Non-finite


Graham thought he was invincible.

Intransitive

finite

Non-finite

Transitive

Linking verb

Modal

auxiliary

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Graham thought he was invincible.

Intransitive

finite

Non-finite

Transitive

Linking verb

Modal

auxiliary


‘Did he disturb an intruder?’

Auxiliary

Finite

Modal

Intransitive

Linking verb

Transitive

Non-finite


‘Did he disturb an intruder?’

Intransitive

finite

Non-finite

Transitive

Linking verb

Modal

auxiliary


Martin was waiting for the right moment to say, ‘I’ve just spent a drugged night in a hotel with a man who had a gun’.

Intransitive

finite

Non-finite

Transitive

Linking verb

Modal

auxiliary

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Martin was waiting for the right moment to say, ‘I’ve just spent a drugged night in a hotel with a man who had a gun’

Auxiliary

Finite

Modal

Intransitive

Linking verb

Transitive

Non-finite


Martin was waiting for the right moment to say, ‘I’ve just spent a drugged night in a hotel with a man who had a gun’

Auxiliary

Finite

Modal

Intransitive

Linking verb

Transitive

Non-finite


The only thing Martin could think of was his watch that had disappeared the day before yesterday.

Intransitive

Main

Transitive

Linking verb

Modal

auxiliary



Intransitive

finite

Non-finite

Main verb

Linking verb

Modal

auxiliary

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16. Select the correct label for the underlined word.


Intransitive

finite

Non-finite

Main verb

Linking verb

Modal

auxiliary

Nouns Exercise 1: Find and underline all the nouns in these sentences.

1. Peter has grown a moustache.

2. The police took him to the nearest police station.

3. The money had vanished mysteriously.

4. Their supplies were getting less.

5. Could you call grandma a taxi.

6. The moon rose.

7. He writes poetry.

8. My family have decided to move to York.

9. Can you give me some more cake?

10. If you are going to America, you will need a visa.

11. Mrs Wakefield was closely examining the stone arch that framed the doorway into the dining room.

12. The nurse washed me with cold water.

13. These bricks are still made as they were in the fourth century.

14. Many cattle are suffering from a disease called BSE.

15. Too many people still smoke.

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16. Increasing prices are making food very expensive.

17. The government have decided that they will do it.

18. I taught Peter’s children French.

19. His shirt tails were outside his trousers.

20. The story contained some truth. Exercise 2 Label the nouns in bold type. Add as much information as you can. The aim of the exercise is to familiarise you with the various types of noun. Check with a dictionary; make sure you understand the meaning of the noun in the context below. 1 Peter has grown a moustache. Peter = Moustache = 2 The police took him to the nearest police station. police = police station = 3 The money had vanished mysteriously. money = 4 Their supplies were getting less. supplies = 5 Could you call grandma a taxi. grandma = taxi = 6 The moon rose. moon = 7 He writes poetry. poetry =

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8 My family have decided to move to York. family = York = 9 Can you give me some more cake? cake = 10 If you are going to America, you will need a visa. America = visa = 11 Mrs Wakefield was closely examining the stone arch that framed the doorway into the dining room. Mrs Wakefield = arch = doorway = dining room = 12 The nurse washed me with cold water. nurse = water = 13 These bricks are still made as they were in the fourth century. bricks = century = 14 Many cattle are suffering from a disease called BSE. cattle = disease = BSE = 15 Too many people still smoke. people = 16 Increasing prices are making food very expensive. prices = food = 17 The government have decided that they will do it. government =

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18 I taught Peter’s children French. Peter = children = French = 19 His shirt tails were outside his trousers. shirt tails = trousers = 20 The story contained some truth. story = truth =

Articles, pronouns/determiners Exercise 1

Types of Pronouns:

Pronoun Type Members of the Subclass

Example

Personal I, you, he,she, it, we, they, me, him, her, them, us They should watch less television

Possessive mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs

The white car is mine

Reflexive

myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, oneself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves

He injured himself playing football

Relative that, which, who, whose, whom, where, when

The book that you gave me was really boring

Demonstrative this, that, these, those This is a new car

Interrogative who, what, why, where, when, whatever

What did he say to you?

Indefinite anything, anybody, anyone, something, somebody, someone, nothing, nobody, none, no one, each other, one another

There's something in my shoe

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In each of the following sentences a pronoun has been highlighted. What type of pronoun is it?

1. Let's contact one another once we've made some progress.

Personal

Reflexive

Possessive

Relative

Indefinite

Interrogative

Demonstrative

2. She wants to do it herself.

Personal

Reflexive

Possessive

Relative

Indefinite

Interrogative

Demonstrative

3. I can't find them.

Personal

Reflexive

Possessive

Relative

Indefinite

Interrogative

Demonstrative

4. I can't believe it's finally ours.

Personal

Reflexive

Possessive

Relative

Indefinite

Interrogative

Demonstrative

5. The girl who usually cuts my hair has won the lottery.

Personal

Reflexive

Possessive

Relative

Indefinite

Interrogative

Demonstrative

6. He wants to go to Scarborough. Personal

Reflexive

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Possessive

Relative

Indefinite

Interrogative

Demonstrative

7. Why are you shouting at me?

Personal

Reflexive

Possessive

Relative

Indefinite

Interrogative

Demonstrative

8. Jim gave me the last copy.

Personal

Reflexive

Possessive

Relative

Indefinite

Interrogative

Demonstrative

9. Nobody said a word all night.

Personal

Reflexive

Possessive

Relative

Indefinite

Interrogative

Demonstrative

10. This is the last time I will tell you.

Personal

Reflexive

Possessive

Relative

Indefinite

Interrogative

Demonstrative

11. Has he lost his book again?

Personal

Reflexive

Possessive

Relative

Indefinite

Interrogative

Demonstrative

12. The cinema where we met, burned down last week.

Personal

Reflexive

Possessive

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Relative

Indefinite

Interrogative

Demonstrative

Exercise 2 Find (underline) all the articles, pronouns/determiners and label them. (see p. 33 – 37 in your reader) I saw a man walking down the road. He seemed to be looking for his keys. Or maybe his

glasses. He appeared to be talking to himself. A woman stopped to help him, but the

man didn’t see her. That confirmed my idea that he was looking for his glasses. What

other thing could he be looking for? Now they were both searching the pavement.

Neither spoke. Several minutes passed, during which time it remained silent. Finally, the

woman found a pairs of glasses and asked; are these your glasses? The man replied: I

don’t know, I can’t see them ….…….

Adjectives / adverbs Exercise 1 Step 1: Underline the adjectives. Step 2: Are they used in a attributive or predicative position?

1. The new secretary doesn’t like her bossy colleague.

2. That dress is new, isn’t it?

3. Nurses take care of sick people in a careful way.

4. I think he’s feeling well.

5. The old woman upstairs is making an awful noise.

6. Send all the tickets available to the German students.

7. This fish is still alive.

8. My sister is tall and slim and she has black hair.

9. These crazy guys paid me an unexpected visit. 10. The careful teacher keeps her room very tidy.

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Exercise 2 Find the adverbs:

1. Fortunately, he always drives very carefully.

2. We never like to work hard.

3. Luckily, we found the answer really quickly.

4. Yesterday, they decided to stay here.

5. I feel really bad about the horrible accident that happened yesterday.

6. Of course, I’ll probably take my health more seriously.

7. Frankly dear, I don’t give a damn.

8. Unfortunately, my brother completely forgot my birthday.

9. I rarely eat desserts nowadays.

10. He will be home soon if he runs quickly.

Exercise 3 Find the adjectives and adverbs. Are the adjectives used in an attributive or predicative position?

1. His elder sister is a really nice girl. (AmE: a real nice girl)

2. Harry painstakingly counted out all the different coins and arranged them neatly into piles.

3. Although economically successful, the government is slowly starting to lose

popularity.

4. You’ve obviously never seen anything this spectacular.

5. Naturally, wild animals behave quite differently in captivity.

6. This devastating news came as quite a shock.

7. I thought his answers were pretty good on the whole.

8. You can just see the coast from his old house.

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All word classes Exercise 1: Label the underlined words. He didn’t really care about his cholesterol and his blood pressure, he would be happy to die of a stroke or a heart attack. ‘Strokes don’t necessarily kill you, Dad,’ Jennifer e-mailed crossly from Toronto. ‘They’re more likely to leave you incapacitated. Is that what you want?’ Perhaps she was afraid she would have to look after him, but he would never do that to her – as far as Theo was concerned the parent-child relationship was one way, you gave them all your love and they were under no obligation to pay a penny back. Of course, if they did love you then that was the icing on the cake with cherries on top. And chocolate shavings and those little silver balls that cracked your fillings. Laura used to love those.

From: Kate Atkinson, Case Histories 2004

1. Did =

2. About =

3. Would =

4. A =

5. Crossly =

6. Toronto =

7. Leave =

8. Afraid =

9. But =

10. Her =

11. Was =

12. One =

13. Gave =

14. Your =

15. Little =

16. Those =

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Exercise 2

Parsing: 1. Select TWO terms from the list below that you think apply to the underlined word.

By tomorrow they will have made up their mind.

Intransitive

Main

Transitive

Linking verb

Modal

auxiliary



Personal

Possessive

Adjective

Pronoun

Relative

Demonstrative

Adverb

Interrogative

Verb

indefinite

preposition

noun



Auxiliary

Finite

Modal

Intransitive

Linking verb

Transitive

Non-finite

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preposition

Verb

Pronoun

Adjective

Adverb

Conjunction

noun


The policemen were investigating the murder.

Intransitive

finite

Non-finite

Transitive

Linking verb

Modal

auxiliary


They were late for school and decided to take the bus.

preposition

Verb

Pronoun

Adjective

Adverb

Conjunction

noun


The frightened little girl was crying silently.

Intransitive

finite

Non-finite

Transitive

Linking verb

Modal

auxiliary

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We need to clean those windows today.

Personal

Possessive

Adjective

Pronoun

Relative

Demonstrative

Adverb

Interrogative

Verb

indefinite

preposition

noun


My mother will be sixty-two tomorrow.

Intransitive

finite

Non-finite

Main verb

Linking verb

Modal

auxiliary


The students wanted to know what they needed to do in order to pass the test.

Personal

Possessive

Adjective

Pronoun

Relative

Demonstrative

Adverb

Interrogative

Verb

indefinite

preposition

noun

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His children had organized a wonderful birthday party for him.

preposition

Verb

Pronoun

Adjective

Adverb

Conjunction

noun


After the divorce he hardly had any good friends left.

any:

Personal

Possessive

Adjective

Pronoun

Relative

Demonstrative

Adverb

Interrogative

Verb

indefinite

preposition

noun


He could clearly see that all the windows were broken.

preposition

Verb

Pronoun

Adjective

Adverb

Conjunction

noun

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He could clearly see that all the windows were dirty.

preposition

Verb

Pronoun

Adjective

Adverb

Conjunction

noun


He never thought she would take his remark so seriously.

He: his:

Personal Personal

Possessive Possessive

Adjective Adjective

Pronoun Pronoun

Relative Relative

Demonstrative Demonstrative

Adverb Adverb

Interrogative Interrogative

Verb Verb

indefinite indefinite

preposition preposition

noun noun


This is the man whom I’ve been waiting for all my life.

This: whom: my:

Personal Personal Personal

Possessive Possessive Possessive

Adjective Adjective Adjective

Pronoun Pronoun Pronoun

Relative Relative Relative

Demonstrative Demonstrative Demonstrative

Adverb Adverb Adverb

Interrogative Interrogative Interrogative

Verb Verb Verb

indefinite indefinite indefinite

preposition preposition preposition

noun noun noun

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Notes:

Documents

Grammar Workbook Parsing 2012-2013