Graffiti Brainstorm

• Each group has a poster paper and a specific colour of marker.

• You have 2 minutes to write down as many ideas that you have about the topic listed at the top of the poster.

• At the end of the 2 minutes, your group will rotate to the next poster and you will have 2 minutes to write down as many ideas that you can about the topic listed at the top of that poster.

• When you reach your original poster, your group will have 2 minutes to summarize what is written on the poster and present this to the class.

Introduction to Nutrition• Nutrition is the process by which organisms get food

and break it down into nutrients that can be used by the body.

• Nutrients provide the energy and materials needed for

growth, regulation, and repair and maintenance of cells.

• 6 basic types of nutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, and water

Organisms get the nutrients they need in 2 ways:

-Autotrophs: organisms that make organic nutrients from inorganic substances.

Ex: Photosynthesis in green plants.

-Heterotrophs: organisms that cannot make their own food and must eat

food containing organic nutrients

from other plants or animals.

Ex: Humans and other animals

Minerals• Inorganic compounds needed by the body in small

amounts.

• Types of Minerals: calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, magnesium, chloride, zinc, iron, selenium, copper, iodine

• Sources: vegetables, dairy products, meat, eggs, fruits, grains, seafood, nuts, table salt, etc.

• Functions: enables certain chemicalreactions and building bones andcartilage.

Vitamins• Essential requirement of a healthy diet; required in the

body in small amounts.

• Function: tissue developmentand growth and helps the bodyfight and resist disease.

• 2 kinds:

– Fat-soluble: can be stored in fat tissue (vitamins A and D)

– Water-soluble: cannot be stored and are constantly washed out of the body (must be included in the diet). Ex: Vitamin C

Water

Water (55-75% of the body)

• Function: carries nutrients to and from body organs through the blood stream.

• Recommended that you drink 8-10glasses of water per day.

Proteins• Functions: help build and repair

muscles and cell membranes.

• Must be broken down into their simplest form, amino acids, before they can be used by the body.

• 9/20 amino acids must be obtained from food -essential amino acids.

• A protein that contains all 9 essential amino acids is called a complete protein.

– meat, legumes, eggs, cheese, milk, and whole grain products.

Vegetarian Proteins

• Most plant proteins are incomplete proteins (missing 1 or more of the essential amino acids).

• Vegetarians must eat a variety

of plant foods so that they

obtain all the essential amino

acids.

Legumes (beans, peas), nuts, grains

Carbohydrates

• Function: quick energy source found in cereals, breads, fruits and vegetables.

• 2 types: Starch & Sugars

– Starch is made of long chains of sugars which must be broken down before it can be used by the body.

– Sugars can be used for fuel almost immediately.

• If you eat more carbohydrates than your body can use, the excess carbs are stored in muscles and the liver in the form of starch – can cause weight gain.

Fats (Lipids)• Provide twice as much energy as do equal

amounts of proteins and carbohydrates.

• Helps support and cushion vital organs

-protect them from injury.

• Insulate the body against heat loss.

• Liquid at room temperature = oil

• Solid at room temperature = fat

Red meats, fish, nuts, avocados, junk food

Canada’s Food Guide

• The food guide uses the science of nutrition and health to help you make healthy food choices.

Canada’s Food Guide

• On the Food Guide rainbow below:

1. Label the different food groups

2. Predict the number of servings your age needs per day from each food group

Canada’s Food Guide

First Nations, Inuit and Métis Food Guide

Energy in Food

• The amount of energy that can be obtained from nutrients is measured in calories.

• Calorie: the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1kg of water by 1˚C.

– Food high in calories: 100g peanuts = 600 calories.

– Food low in calories: 100g lettuce = 20 calories.

Calories

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VEQaH4LruUo

Calories

• The number of calories a person needs daily depends on the person’s size, build, occupation and age.

• Generally:

Younger people need more

calories than older people.

Males need more calories

than females.

Active people need more

calories than inactive people

BMR

• BMR: Basal Metabolic Rate

– i.e. The energy (calories) needed to keep you awake and restful.

• Calculate your BMR!

– Google “BMR calculator”

Assignment

• Complete “Using Canada’s Food Guide” worksheet.