References

[ 1 ] L. Podmaniczky, L. Szepesy, K. Lakszner, G. Schomburg, Chromatographia, in press.

[2] E. Kov#ts, Helv. Chim. Acta 41, 1915 (1958). [3] A. Wehrli, E. Kov#ts, Helv. Chim. Acta 42, 2709 (1959). [4] E. Kov~ts, Z. Anal. Chem. 181,351 (1961). [5] L.S. Ettre, K. Billeh, J. Chromatogr. 30, 1 and 12 (1967). [6] L.S. Ettre, Chromatographia 6, 489 (1973), 7, 39 (1974)

and 7,261 (1974). [7] Gas Chromatographic Data Compilation, First Supplement

(O.E. Schupp, J.S. Lewis, eds.) ASTM Data Series Publ. No. AMD-25A-S1. Amer. Soc. for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, Pa. 1971.

[8] G. Schomburg, J. Chromatogr. 14, 157 (1964), 23, 1 and 18 (1966).

[9] J.A. Rijks, Thesis, Eindhoven University of Technology, The Netherlands, 1973.

[10] G. Schomburg, G. Dielmann, Anal. Chem. 45, 1647 (1973). 111] W. Engewald, L. Wennrich, Chromatographia 9, 540 (1976). 112] L. Soj#k, J. Jan~k, J.A. Rijks, J. Chromatogr. 142, 177

(1977). [13] J.D. Ramsey, T.D. Lee, M.D. Osselton, A.C. Moffat, J.

Chromatogr. 184, 185 (1980). [14] K. Tanaka, D. G. Hine, J. Chromatogr. 239, 301 (1982). [15] V. Svob, D. Deur-Siftar, J. Chromatogr. 91 ,677 (1974).

[16] G.D. Mitra, G. Mohan, A. Sinha, J. Chromatogr. 91, 215 (1974).

[171 G.D. Mitra, G. Mohan, A. Sinka, J. Chromatogr. 91, 633 (1974).

[181 VV. Engewald, L. Wennrich, E. Ritter, J. Chromatogr. 174, 315 (1979).

[19J V.A. Gerasimenko, A. V. Kirilenko, V.M. Nabivach, J. Chro- matogr. 208, 9 (1981).

I20} F. Saura-Calixto, A. Garcia-Raso, P. M. D~ya, J. Chromatogr. Sci. 20, 7 (1982).

]21 ] P. Chovin, J. Lebbe, J. Gas Chromatogr. 4, 37 (1966). [221 J. Tak~cs, M. Rockenbauer, J. Ol~csi, J. Chromatogr. 42, 19

(1969). 123] R.A. Hively, R. E. Flinton, J. Gas Chromatog. 6, 203 (1968). [24l L. Erdey, J. Tak~cs, ~'. Szal~nczy, J. Chromatogr. 46, 29

(1970). {25] E.B. Moln~r, P. M6ritz, J. Tak~cs, J. Chromatogr. 66, 205

(1972). I26] N. C Saha, G. D. Mitra, J. Chromatogr. Sci. 8, 84 (1970). 127] L. Soj~k, J. Hrivn~k, P. Major, J. Jan~k, Anal. Chem. 45,

293 (1973).

Received: June 1, 1985 Accepted: June 19, 1985 C

Book Review

Gradient Elution in Column Liquid Chromatography: theory and practice

Journal of Chromatography Library, volume 31

P. Jandera/J. Chur~ek. Elsevier, 1985, ISBN 0-444-42124-6

The use of high-performance li.quid chromatography is growing rapidly and there can surely be few analytical laboratories which do not possess at least one HPLC. The technique is being applied in many di f ferent fields to more and more complex mixtures and gradient elution, rather than isocratic, is now often necessary to successfully resolve particular components or reduce analysis time.

This book is the work of two members of staff f rom the Depart- ment of Analyt ical Chemistry, University of Chemical Technology, Pardubice, Czechoslovakia, who in just under 500 pages present an authoritat ive review of the various aspects of gradient elution. The work is divided into four parts, the first of which, some 50 pages, outlines the theory of isocratic elution and considers the use of polar and non-polar phases, ion-exchangers and ion-pair chromato- graphy. There is also a section on the calculation of retention cha- racteristics and the prediction of conditions for a separation~ Part II consists of about 120 pages and examines the theoretical aspects of using a mobile phase of programmed composition. Various types of gradient are described and the use of simple, i.e. continuous,

gradient elut ion is examined. This is fol lowed by the use of stepwise elution, i.e. several consecutive isocratic steps, and then the use of ternary phase gradients. A section on the selection of optimum gradient is also included.

The third part is just short of 50 pages, and is concerned with the instrumentation needed to produce a programmed composition of mobile phase. A range of North American and European equipment is surveyed and a useful tabular comparison of over 50 models is presented. Other topics such as detectors for use with gradient elu- t ion, column packing and column regeneration are also treated.

Part IV reviews the application of the gradient technique and al- most 200 pages are devoted to various classes of organic compound (sugars, acids, esters, steroids, amines, proteins, nucleic acids etc.). Drugs, including vitamins and antibiotics, are also considered as well as dyes, pesticides, organometallic compounds, polymers, cos- metics, foods and beverages. There is even a short section on the application of the technique to environmental and clinical diagno- stic problems. The book ends with four appendices and a subject index. Each o f the four parts o f the work contains a large list of references to the original literature up to 1982 and the applications section alone has over 1 000. So the reader is certainly getting value for money.

The book is clearly printed and stout ly bound and should withstand constant use. We are certain to see more and more applications of this technique and the present work will be a useful text for years to come. David B. Jack

628 Chromatographia Vol. 20, No. 10, October 1985 Originals