GOVERNMENTGOVERNMENT

Why do we have government?Why do we have government? • Government is needed to create Government is needed to create

laws and enforce them. laws and enforce them. • Government serves to protect the Government serves to protect the

people and the health, safety, people and the health, safety, security, and moral standards of a security, and moral standards of a community. community.

• There are many types of government There are many types of government around the world.around the world.

ANARCHYANARCHY

• Anarchy is a where there is no Anarchy is a where there is no government.government.

• Think of Haiti after the earthquake Think of Haiti after the earthquake of 2009.of 2009.

• The absence of government leads to The absence of government leads to chaos.chaos.

ARISTOCRACY and ARISTOCRACY and OLIGARCHYOLIGARCHY

ARISTOCRACYARISTOCRACY• Power in this type of government rests Power in this type of government rests

with the noble or privileged. with the noble or privileged. • The rich hold all of the power.The rich hold all of the power.

OLIGARCHYOLIGARCHY• A form of government where political A form of government where political

power effectively rests with a small power effectively rests with a small elite segment of society distinguished elite segment of society distinguished by royalty, wealth, family, military by royalty, wealth, family, military powers.powers.

CONFEDERATIONCONFEDERATION

• A loose alliance of states or nations A loose alliance of states or nations in which powers rests within the in which powers rests within the states but they share an association states but they share an association with a central government.with a central government.

• The central government has little The central government has little power, but serves as the uniting power, but serves as the uniting force.force.

DEMOCRACYDEMOCRACY

• A government in which the citizens A government in which the citizens hold the power to rule.hold the power to rule.

DICTATORSHIPDICTATORSHIP

• An autocratic form of government in An autocratic form of government in which the government is ruled by a which the government is ruled by a dictator. dictator.

• Rule by a single leader who has not been Rule by a single leader who has not been elected and may use force to keep control. elected and may use force to keep control.

• In a military dictatorship, the army is in In a military dictatorship, the army is in control. control.

• Usually, there is little or no attention to Usually, there is little or no attention to public opinion or individual rights. public opinion or individual rights.

DIRECT DEMOCRACYDIRECT DEMOCRACY

• Originated in ancient Greece…In a Originated in ancient Greece…In a direct democracy, the people direct democracy, the people directly rule.directly rule.

• There are no representatives. All There are no representatives. All people have a say in what goes on.people have a say in what goes on.

FEDERALISMFEDERALISM

• A form of government in which A form of government in which power is divided between the power is divided between the federal, or national, government and federal, or national, government and the states. the states.

• The US has a federal system of The US has a federal system of government where the state and government where the state and national government share power.national government share power.

MONARCHYMONARCHY

• A monarchy has a king or queen, A monarchy has a king or queen, who sometimes has absolute power. who sometimes has absolute power.

• Power is passed along through the Power is passed along through the family line and is hereditary.family line and is hereditary.

REPRESENTATIVE REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACYDEMOCRACY

• The idea that government should serve the The idea that government should serve the will of the people. Government officials are will of the people. Government officials are elected by the people (voters) and stand in elected by the people (voters) and stand in for them to make decisions about the nation. for them to make decisions about the nation.

• Representatives of the people have terms of Representatives of the people have terms of office and time limits placed on the amount office and time limits placed on the amount of time they serve the people. of time they serve the people.

• "Representative Democracy" = "Republican "Representative Democracy" = "Republican form of government"form of government"

• The United States has a representative The United States has a representative democracy.democracy.

REPUBLICREPUBLIC

• Authority in this type of government Authority in this type of government comes from the election by the comes from the election by the people of public officials best fitted people of public officials best fitted to represent them. to represent them.

• Has also been referred to as a Has also been referred to as a Representative Democracy.Representative Democracy.

• The United States is a Republic.The United States is a Republic.

TOTALITARIANISMTOTALITARIANISM

• A system in which government A system in which government control extends to almost all aspects control extends to almost all aspects of people’s lives.of people’s lives.

• Rule by a single political party.  Rule by a single political party.  • People are forced to do what the People are forced to do what the

government tells them and may also government tells them and may also be prevented from leaving the be prevented from leaving the country.  country.