Globally Harmonized System (GHS) AND

Your Hazard Communication Program

Hazel HunterProject WorkSAFE

Background

• The GHS was adopted by the United Nations in 2002

• Original implementation date for the US was 2008

• OSHA published a notice of proposed rulemaking to update the hazard communication standard in September 2009.

• Held public hearings in March of 2010. • Final rule made the Federal Registry March 26, 2012.

Background

Negotiated from many different countries, international organizations and stakeholders.

Commonly referred to as The Purple Book

The Purple Book

What is GHS?Logical, Standardized, Comprehensive

approach to the Communication of Chemical Hazards

– Purpose is to:• Define health, physical & enviro hazards• Communicate hazard info & protective measures

What is GHS?

More of a Right to Understand

than a Right to Know Standard

Why is the GHS needed?

• No country has the ability to identify and specifically regulate every hazardous chemical product.

• 650,000 such products in US.

• Adoption of GHS helps address protection needs.

OSHA ppt

8

David Wallace, CIH Sr. Lecturer, Utah State University Nevada Local Section, AIHA March 9, 2011

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David Wallace, CIH Sr. Lecturer, Utah State University Nevada Local Section, AIHA March 9, 2011

Benefits to GHS

• Maintain Consistency• Increase quality of information• Reduce trade barriers• Reduce confusion• Increase comprehension of hazards• Reduce fatalities and injuries

• 43 fatalities/year• 585 injuries/year

• Help address literacy problems

1910.1200 year 2012

Manufacturers must classify the hazards of their chemicals

Employers must provide employees with the information– 1910.1200 e Hazcom Program including:

• List of chemicals• Container Labeling• SDS (formerly MSDS)• Training

– Hazards and protective measures

• Non-routine tasks• Multi-employer workplace• Methods to provide employees access to SDS• Methods to inform other employers of precautions necessary• Method employer will use to inform other employees of labeling

system• PPE audit ***********

Phase-in dates

Effective Completion

Date

Requirement/s Who

December 1, 2013

Train employees on the new labelelements and safety data sheet (SDS)

format.Employer

June 1, 2015*

December 1, 2015

Compliance with all modifiedprovisions of this final rule,except:

The Distributor shall not ship containers labeled

by the Chemical manufacturer or importerunless it is a GHS label

Chemicalmanufacturers,importers,distributorsand employers

June 1, 2016 Update alternative workplace labeling and Hazard Communication program as

necessary,And provide additional employee trainingfor newly identified physical or healthhazards.

Employer

Transition Period to the effective completion dates noted above

May comply with either 29 CFR1910.1200 (the final standard), orthe current standard, or both

Chemical manufacturers,

importers, distributors,

and employer

Dec 1, 2013

Effective Completion

Date

Requirement/s Who

December 1, 2013

Train employees on the new labelelements and safety data sheet (SDS)

format.Employer

June 1, 2015*

December 1, 2015

Compliance with all modifiedprovisions of this final rule,except:

The Distributor shall not ship containers labeled

by the Chemical manufacturer or importerunless it is a GHS label

Chemicalmanufacturers,importers,distributorsand employers

Update alternative workplace labeling and Hazard Communication program as

necessary,And provide additional employee trainingfor newly identified physical or healthhazards.

Employer

Transition Period to the effective completion dates noted above

May comply with either 29 CFR1910.1200 (the final standard), orthe current standard, or both

Chemical manufacturers,

importers, distributors,

and employer

Dec 1, 2013

June 1, 2016

The Elements of GHS

• Classification Criteria – Health and Environmental Hazards– Physical Hazards

• Hazard Communication– Labels

• Shipping Labels• In house labels

– Safety Data Sheets– Training

Hazard Classification The Good News

For most of you -

The work falls on someone else - – (d) (1) Chemical manufacturers and importers shall

evaluate chemicals produced in their workplaces or imported by them to classify the chemicals in accordance with this section.

“Employers are not required to classify chemicals unless they choose not to rely on the classification performed by the chemical manufacturer……?”

A. Hazard Classification1. Hazard Category

a. Based on available data

b. No testing required

c. Appendix A in 1910.1200 for health

d. Appendix B in 1910.1200 for physical hazard

B. Not your burden!

Manufacturer’s responsibility

18

GHS Hazard Classification

Using the defined criteria in the Purple Book the manufacturer- Assigns a hazard classification – Physical Hazards

• 16 categories

– Health Hazards• 10 categories

– Environmental Hazards• Mixtures – guidance from the Purple Book

– Again – not your problem

Hazard Classifications Physical Hazards (16)

1. Explosives2. Flammable Gases3. Flammable Aerosols4. Oxidizing Gases5. Gases Under

Pressure6. Flammable Liquids7. Flammable Solids8. Self-Reactive

Substances9. Pyrophoric Liquid

10. Pyrophoric Solids11. Self-Heating

Substances12. Substances which, in

contact with water, emit flammable gases

13. Oxidizing Liquids14. Oxidizing Solids15. Organic Peroxides16. Corrosive to Metals

20

Hazard Classification – Health Hazards (10)

1. Acute Toxicity2. Skin Corrosion/Irritation3. Serous Eye Damage/Eye Irritation4. Respiratory or Skin Sensitization5. Germ Cell Mutagenicity6. Carcinogenicity 7. Reproductive Toxicology8. Target Organ Systemic Toxicity – Single

Exposure9. Target Organ Systemic Toxicity –

Repeated Exposure10.Aspiration Toxicity

21

Health HazardsHazard Class Hazard Category

Acute Toxicity 1 2 3 4

Skin Corrosion/Irritation 1A 1B 1C 2

Serious Eye Damage/ Eye Irritation 1 2A 2B

Respiratory or Skin Sensitization 1

Germ Cell Mutagenicity 1A 1B 2

Carcinogenicity 1A 1B 2

Reproductive Toxicity 1A 1B 2 Lactation

*STOT –Single Exposure 1 2 3

STOT – Repeated Exposure 1 2

Aspiration 1

Simple Asphyxiants Single Category

*STOT = Specific Target Organ Toxicity

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Hazard ClassificationAquatic Environmental

Acute aquatic toxicity

Chronic aquatic toxicity• Bioaccumulation potential• Rapid degradability

Elements of GHS

Shipping Labels – 6 elements:• Product Identifier• Manufacturer/supplier• Pictogram• Signal Words• Hazard Statements• Precautionary Statements

Workplace labels

OSHA has not changed the general requirements

Flexibility – but

1. Must be effective

2. Must be explained in your Hazcom program

Workplace LabelsAnd I quote, “ Employers may choose to label workplace

containers either with the same label that would be on shipped containers ….. under the revised rule, or with label alternatives that meet the requirements of the standard. Alternative labeling systems such as the NFPA 704 hazard rating (the diamond) are permitted for workplace containers. However the information supplied on these labels must be consistent with the revised HCS, e.g., no conflicting hazard warnings or pictograms.” page 153 of final rule

Workplace labelsOptions for the employer:

– Create their own workplace labels

– Provide all of the required information that is on the label from the manufacturer,

– The product identifier and words, pictures, symbols or a combination thereof, signs, placards, process sheets, batch tickets, operating procedures

which in combination with other information immediatelyavailable to employees, provide specific information regardingthe hazards of the chemicals.

Workplace labels must be in English. – Other languages may be added to the label if applicable.

Acceptable -

– Pictograms with black border– PPE pictograms– Environmental pictograms – Symbols that are not OSHA’s HCS pictograms – May continue to use National Fire Protection (NFPA)

diamonds– HMIS labels*

* As long as they are consistent with the requirements of the Hazcom Standard and the employee has immediate access to additional information on the specific hazard

Confusion

Deep in the guts of the Purple Book hazard the numbering system to indicate how hazardous a chemical is, is opposite the HMIS/NFPA classification.

4 being least hazardous vs HMIS where 4 will kill you.

PPT-016-04 36

GHS classification ratings order of severity differ from NFPA and HMIS:

HMIS/NFPA 0 = Least Hazardous

4 = Most Hazardous

GHS 5 = Least Hazardous

1 = Most Hazardous

31

Labels (cont.)

Nine symbols aka pictograms

Includes an “Environment” pictogram

Pictograms

Pictograms

Each pictogram consists of a symbol on a

white background framed within a red border and represents a distinct hazard. The pictogram on the label is determined by the chemical hazard classification.

Pictograms

Health Hazard • Carcinogen• Mutagenicity • Reproductive Toxicity• Respiratory Sensitizer• Target Organ Toxicity• Aspiration Toxicity

– Benzene– Vinyl Chloride– Ethylene Oxide

Pictograms

• Pyrophorics• Self – Heating• Emits Flammable Gas• Self Reactives• Organic Peroxides

– Acetone– Paints / stains– Fuels

Flammables

Pictogram

Exclamation Mark • Irritant (skin and eye)• Skin Sensitizer• Acute Toxicity

(harmful)• Narcotic Effects• Respiratory Tract

Irritant– Cyclohexanone– Fiberglass– Hazardous Dusts

Pictogram

Gas Cylinder Compressed gas– Refrigerant gas– Air Monitor Calibration

Gas– SCBA or SCUBA tanks– Propane tanks– Fire extinguishers? – Compressed gases– Liquefied gases

Pictogram

Corrosion • Skin Corrosion/Burns

• Eye Damage• Corrosive to Metals

– Many Acids– Hydrofluoric Acid– Battery – Zinc Chloride

Solution

Pictogram

Exploding Bomb • Explosives• Self – reactive• Organic Peroxides

– Fireworks– Ammunition– Flares– Need more

Pictogram

Flame Over Circle • Oxidizers– Hypochlorite– Oxygen– Ozone

Pictogram

Skull and Crossbones • Acute Toxicity(fatal or toxic)

Arsenic

Chloroform

Cyanide Solutions

Pictogram

Environment– (Non-Mandatory)

Aquatic Toxicity

– Herbicides – Insecticides – Heavy metals

Signal Words

DANGER – defines a serious hazard

WARNING – hazard is less dangerous

Precautionary Statement

• A phrase which describes recommended measures that should be taken to minimize or prevent adverse effects resulting from exposures to a hazardous product, or improper storage or handling of a hazardous product

• 5 Types of Statements– General – Prevention– Response– Storage– Disposal

Supplemental Information

Any additional information– Directions for use– Expiration date– Lot number

• Product identifier

• Signal word

• Hazard statement(s)

• Pictogram(s)

• Precautionary statement(s)

• Name, address, and phone number of the responsible party.

Shipping Labels

AcetoneDANGER Highly flammable liquid and vaporCauses serious eye irritation Keep away from heat/sparks/open

flames/hot surfaces. No smoking. Take precautionary measures against static

discharge.Keep cool. Protect from sunlightKeep Container tightly closed.Do not get in eyes, on skin or on clothing. Wear

protective gloves/protective clothing, eye protection/face protection.

IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses, if present and easy to do. Continue rinsing.

ABC ManufacturerChemical AvenueChemical, State 12345-1234

Signal Word

Hazard Statement/s

Precautionary statement/s

Supplemental information

Material Safety Data Sheets

New – Safety Data Sheets

5050

Old OSHA MSDS format

OSHA-174 (1989), 8 sections (non-mandatory)1. Manufacturer information2. Hazard Ingredients/Identity Information 3. Physical/chemical properties4. Fire and Explosion Hazard Data 5. Reactivity Data 6. Health Hazard Data 7. Precautions for Safe Handling and Use 8. Control Measures

NEW - SDS Format: 16 headings

1. Identification

2. Hazard(s) identification

3. Composition/information on ingredients

4. First-aid measures

5. Fire-fighting measures

6. Accidental release measures

7. Handling and storage

8. Exposure control/personal protection

Format: 16 headings (cont.)9. Physical and chemical properties10. Stability and reactivity11. Toxicological information12. Ecological information *13. Disposal considerations *14. Transport information *15. Regulatory information *16. Other information

A. Date of preparation and most recent revision* Green = non mandatory (out of OSHA

jurisdiction

NEW - SDS Format: 16 headings

1. Identification Product identifier Manufacturer or distributor

Address

Phone number

Emergency phone number

Recommended use and restrictions

NEW - SDS Format: 16 headings

1. Identification

2. Hazard(s) identification All hazards regarding the chemical Labelling Elements

NEW - SDS Format: 16 headings

1. Identification

2. Hazard(s) identification

3. Composition/information on ingredients Ingredients Trade secret claims

OBTW – trade secrets provision remains

NEW - SDS Format: 16 headings

1. Identification

2. Hazard(s) identification

3. Composition/information on ingredients

4. First-aid measures Symptoms / effects

Acute, or

Delayed Required treatments

NEW - SDS Format: 16 headings

1. Identification

2. Hazard(s) identification

3. Composition/information on ingredients

4. First-aid measures

5. Fire-fighting measuresExtinguishing techniquesType of extinguisherChemical hazards from fire

NEW - SDS Format: 16 headings

1. Identification

2. Hazard(s) identification

3. Composition/information on ingredients

4. First-aid measures

5. Fire-fighting measures

6. Accidental release measures Lists emergency procedures Protective equipment Containment and cleanup

NEW - SDS Format: 16 headings

1. Identification

2. Hazard(s) identification

3. Composition/information on ingredients

4. First-aid measures

5. Fire-fighting measures

6. Accidental release measures

7. Handling and storage Precautions for safe handling and storage Includes incompatibilities

NEW - SDS Format: 16 headings1. Identification

2. Hazard(s) identification

3. Composition/information on ingredients

4. First-aid measures

5. Fire-fighting measures

6. Accidental release measures

7. Handling and storage

8. Exposure control/personal protection OSHA’s Permissible Exposure Limits (PELS) Threshold Limit Values (TLV’s) Engineering Controls Personal Protective Equipment

Format: 16 headings (cont.)

9. Physical and chemical properties Lists chemical characteristics

Format: 16 headings (cont.)9. Physical and chemical properties

10. Stability and reactivity Lists chemical stability Possible hazardous reactions

Format: 16 headings (cont.)9. Physical and chemical properties

10. Stability and reactivity

11. Toxicological information Routes of exposure

Inhalation Ingestion Skin / eye contact

Symptoms Acute and Chronic effects Numerical measures of toxicity

Format: 16 headings (cont.)9. Physical and chemical properties

10. Stability and reactivity

11. Toxicological information

12. Ecological information *

13. Disposal considerations *

14. Transport information *

15. Regulatory information*

* Green = non mandatory (out of OSHA jurisdiction – will be addressed by DOT, EPA or Consumer Products Safety

Format: 16 headings (cont.)9. Physical and chemical properties

10. Stability and reactivity

11. Toxicological information

12. Ecological information *

13. Disposal considerations *

14. Transport information *

15. Regulatory information *

16. Other information Date of preparation and most recent

revision Other useful information

LABEL REQUIREMENTS – SHIPPING CONTAINERS

• Product identifier

• Signal word

• Hazard statement(s)

• Pictogram(s)

• Precautionary statement(s)

• Name, address, and phone number of the responsible party.

Training

• Effective• Time of initial assignment• Whenever new chemical with new hazard is introduced

Note: training may be designed to cover categories of hazards – not necessarily every chemical / SDS– All flammables– All carcinogens

However, chemical specific information needs to be provided through labels and SDS

TRAINING

Labeling elements–Signal words–Pictograms–Precautionary statements–Interaction of chemicals–Proper storage

Safety Data Sheet - New format

Enforcement Dates

Effective Completion

Date

Requirement/s Who

December 1, 2013

Train employees on the new label

elements and safety data sheet (SDS) format.

Employer

June 1, 2015*

December 1, 2015

Compliance with all modifiedprovisions of this final rule,except:

The Distributor shall not ship containers labeledby the Chemical manufacturer or importerunless it is a GHS label

Chemicalmanufacturers,importers,distributorsand employers

June 1, 2016 Update alternative workplace labeling and Hazard Communication program as necessary,And provide additional employee trainingfor newly identified physical or healthhazards.

Employers

Transition Period to the effective completion dates noted above

May comply with either 29 CFR1910.1200 (the final standard), orthe current standard, or both

Chemical manufacturers,

importers, distributors,and employer

Review - 3 Major Changes

1. Hazard Classification– Definitions of hazard have been changed to reflect specific

criteria – i.e. classifications– Classification of mixtures

2. Labels– Significant changes to the look– Signal word, – Pictogram– Hazard Statement– Precautionary statements

3. Data Sheets -- 16 part data sheets are GHS required

Differences

For a side by side comparison of all the differences – go to

http://www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/docs/ghsoshacomparison.pdf

153 page doc

Expect changes • OSHA says “It is expected that the GHS will be a living

document and is expected to remain up-to-date and relevant; therefore further changes may be adopted on a two year cycle. Presently most of the recent updates have been clarifications of text. However, OHSA anticipates that future updates of the HCS may be necessary and can be done through various rulemaking options, including:

• Technical updates for minor changes• Direct Final Rules for text clarification• Notice and comment rulemaking for more substantive

and controversial updates

PERSONAL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT

• Assessment required

• Each task

• Inhalation - nearly all materials that are airborne can be inhaled

• Skin Absorption - skin contact with a substance can result in a possible reaction

• Ingestion - most workers do not deliberately swallow materials they handle

• Injection – normally associated with bloodborne pathogens

• Ocular - absorbed through the eyes