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Global Trade
Global Geography 12
Global Connections
Chapter 12
Why Trade?Geography, climate, landforms makes
us unable to be self-sufficient.
Factors Affecting Trade
SpecializationComplementaryPoliticsDistance
Benefit of global trade
EFFICIENCYGood efficiency leads
to competitive prices and makes you a desirable trading partner!
Trade Blocs Countries geographically located together
trade with each other. i.e. European Union
Why? Easier trade, open borders, common
currency
Why Not? “All eggs in one basket”
Costs of Global Trade Soil erosion and dependency on chemical
fertilizers. Industrial accidents including oil spills and
train derailments. Increased CO2 emissions, loss of farmland
and risk of radioactive accidents. Lack of sustainable development. Global warming, ozone depletion and air
pollution.
Canada's Top 10 Export Markets by Country, 2004
Country % Share of Total Exports
United States 84.5
Japan 2.1
United Kingdom 1.9
China 1.6
Mexico 0.7
France 0.6
Germany 0.6
South Korea 0.6
Belgium 0.5
Netherlands 0.5
Total of Top 10 93.6
Canada's Top 10 Import Markets by Country, 2004
Country % Share of Total Imports
United States 58.8
China 6.8
Japan 3.8
Mexico 3.8
United Kingdom 2.7
Germany 2.6
South Korea 1.6
France 1.5
Norway 1.4
Italy 1.3
Total of Top 10 84.3
What are they trading?
Canada’s Trading Partners
North American Free Trade Agreement (Canada, US and Mexico)
TermsQuotasDirect Investment Intellectual PropertyPros and Cons
Globalized TradeWorld Trade Organization
Formerly known as GATTGroup of Eight (G8)
Canada, US, Germany, Japan, Great Britain, France, Italy, Russia (and European Union)
Multinational CorporationsLarge, wealthy companies operating in more than one country
Multinational Corporations
Benefits Direct employment Multiplier effect Increased export
levels
Costs Environmental
pollution Slave Labour Poor working
conditions Majority of profits
leave country.
Ignorance is bliss??
The product search we did in class on day one or two showed how dependent yet unaware we are of global trade. We did not know where the products came from so we were unaware of how it is made and the costs to the workers and environment.
You are now aware. What can you do???