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GLOBAL SECURE
Sustainable Energy through China-UK Research Engagement (SECURE)
Principal Investigator: Professor AP Roskilly
Project Duration: 12 Months
Funding Body: EPSRC
http://research.ncl.ac.uk/globalsecure/
China-UK Seminar on Sustainable Energy & New Power-Train System Technologies
Beijing Institute of Technology (BIT) in China
23-24 March 2013
Organised by BIT, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne (UNEW) &
Chinese Society for Internal Combustion Engine (CSICE)
Theme 1 ‘Trigeneration with Integrated Energy Storage & Biofuel Use’
Professor AP Roskilly, Dr Yaodong Wang
Sir Joseph Swan Centre for Energy Research
Newcastle Institute for Research on Sustainability
Newcastle University
Contents Introduction
Principle of Trigeneration with Integrated
Energy Storage & Biofuel Use
Experimental test rig
Future work - project roadmap and 5
year engagement plan
1
2
3
6
Results / outcomes 4
Conclusion 5
1. Introduction • Background The project is highly relevant to the priority areas of Energy and
Environmental Change issues.
Fossil fuels are the main sources of
energy we use today
• Objective Demonstration of the combination of engine generator, heat recovery
unit and an absorption/adsorption cooling unit, with an energy storage system using renewable bio-oils.
Heat
power
Biofuels
Trigeneration with
Integrated Energy
Storage & Biofuel
Use(LH Cogen)
Refrigeration
• Project partners: (4) Beijing Institute of Technology (working
on bio-oil injection/ combustion diagnosis using laser)
ELECTICITY SUPPLY
CONTROLLER
WASTE HEAT
STORAGE
SYSTEM
CENTRAL HEATING AND
HOT WATER SUPPLY
Resident building(s)
Cooling SUPPLY
ABSORPTION
COOLING
SYSTEM
ENGINE
GENERATOR
Jatropha
oil
Energy Storage
2. Principle of Trigeneration with Integrated Energy Storage & Biofuel Use
(2) Test results of bio-oil properties
Experimental test results of the new bio-oil samples
Tung oil Tea-seed oil Camphor oil
Zanthoxylum oil Trichosanthes oil
Litsea cubeba oil Gas oil
HHV (MJ/kg) 39.23 39.62 39.37 39.26 39.51 39.53 45.7
Density (kg/m3) 906.1 887.3 897.8 921.4 894.0 888.9 828.5
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
120.0
140.0
160.0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
Vis
cosi
ty (
mP
a.s)
Temperature (degC)
Tung oil
Tea-seed oil
Camphor oil
Zanthoxylum oil
Trichosanthes oil
Litsea cubeba oil
Gas oil
(3) Bio-oil application to engines
Study of the fundamental characteristics of the
application of bio-oils to IC engines
Professor Jincheng Huang
Department of Thermal Energy and Power Engineering
Mechanical Engineering College
Guangxi University
Table 1 Bio-oil properties
Property
Peanut oil
Peanut oil methyl
ester Rapeseeds oil
Rapeseeds oil methyl ester
Ethanol Diesel
Density/kg.L-1 0.919 0.87 0.916 0.88 0.73 0.84
Viscosity/(40℃) mm2s-1
39.3 4.61
34.7 5.33
1.11
3
Flash point/℃ 271 160 246 145 21 >65
Cetane number 41.8 45 37.6 53 8 50
Lower heating value/MJ.kg-1
37.33 38.72 38.89 40 27.2 44
Freezing point/℃ 10 8 -9 -16 -114 0
Oxygen content (%)
10.3 10.3 10 10 34.8 0.004
Test results
• Heat value and cetane number of the bio-fuels, are
lower than diesel.
• Viscosity of the biofuel is higher than diesel.
• Biofuels contain oxygen.
Test results
Study on low temperature fluidity of biofuels
图2-7 乙醇对黄连木生物柴油降凝效果图(-5.5℃) 图2-8乙醇对麻风树生物柴油降凝效果图(-2.5℃)
Figure2-7 Pour-point reducing effect of enthanol on Figure 2-8 Pour-point reducing effect of enthanol on
Pistacia chinensis biodiesel (-5.5℃) Jatropha curcas biodiesel (-2.5℃)
Test results
020406080100120140160180200220240260
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
温度
动力粘度
E30C30
E30T70
图:掺入30%乙醇的茶籽油、桐油动力粘度与温度的关系
Figure: Comparison of dynamic viscosity 30% ethanol tea seed oil, tung oil
under different temperature
Test results
• Study on the mixing characteristics of bio-fuels
20% 25% 30%
Figure: Test result of direct-mixing of diesel oil with ethanol
Test results
Results of engine tests using biofuels
Figure: Comparison of mean pressure rise rates for different fuels
Test results
Results of engine tests using biofuels
Figure: Comparison of Instant Heat Release Rate for Different Fuels
Outcomes
• A joint-paper draft has been prepared
Study of the fundamental characteristics of the application
of bio-oils to IC engines (by Professor Jincheng Huang
from Guangxi University)
• A report of experimental results from the tests of the bio-
oils
• Potential bio-oil resources (more than 10 species ) have
been found by Jishou University in Wuling Mountain Area
in China.
5. Conclusion
• Test results show that the efficiency of trigeneration using bio-oils is comparable with that using diesel
• Emissions are reduced
6. Future work - project roadmap report and 5 year engagement plan
• Further tests on the trigeneration with integrated energy storage & biofuel use required
• Project roadmap:
• Sustainable bio-oil resources research
• Economic and/or Life cycle analysis of bio-oil production, transportation and use
• Control and optimisation of trigeneration with energy storage
• Applications to different locations / areas
5 year engagement plan: • Sustainable bio-oil resources search: working with Jishou University
• Economic and/or Life cycle analysis of bio-oil production, transportation and use: working with Institute of Engineering Thermophysics and Shanghai Jiaotong University
• Control and optimisation of trigeneration with energy storage: Working with IET and SHJTU
• New bio-oil tests on engine performance and emissions: Guangxi University, Beijing Institute of Technology
• Application to different location and different users: SHJTU, IET, GXU, BIT and JU