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GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL
ISSUES
PRESENTED BY:RAMVILAS
GHOSH .ADEPT.AQUATIC BIOLOGY &FISHERIES
introduction The crisis we face is very alarming The major conflict: ENVIRONMENT v/s DEVLOPMENT Development doesn’t compromise with
environment and biodiversity With ever increasing global population the
situation is even worsened Clash of politics regarding environmental
values & interests that occurs in the course of formulating and implementing policies
No alternatives in effective use
So far many environmental issues are citing immediate interventions
IT’S A DO OR DIE SITUATION !!!!The most striking and evident 10
environmental problems are listed below Climate Change & global warming Ozone Depletion Biodiversity Loss Ocean Exhaustion Desertification Ozone depletion Wastes Pollution Deforestation Population growth
GLOBAL WARMING &
CLIMATE CHANGE
Global Climate Fluctuations
General increase in temperature caused by increased amount of green house gases around the Earth Estimated rise in global temperature is 1.4 – 5.8 ºC by 2100
MAJOR IMPACTS rise in sea level { 9-88 cm by 2100} Drowning of rice fields and island nations Coral bleaching and loss of biodiversity ; algal blooms Vectors active; spread of diseases
Ozone depletion
October 1999 (average)Historically, the Antarctic ozone hole is largest during October. This image shows the data from the Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) Earth Probe, for the month of October 1999.
September 17th 2010Satellite data show the area of the 2010 Antarctic ozone hole peaked at a size roughly equal to that of recent years about the same area as North America. Researchers have observed a leveling-off of the hole size and predict a slow recovery.
Destruction of stratospheric ozone by CFCs
Strong UV ODS splits gases releasing chlorine and bromine atoms
Bromine & chlorine atoms destroys ozone One ‘Cl’ atom can destroy over 100,000
ozone molecules IMPACTS : a) thinning of ozone layer b) direct influx of UV rays c) causes skin cancers,
burns, destruction of plant leaves, irritations etc
DESERTIFICATION Extreme deterioration of land {arid & sub-humid areas} Major reasons: a) loss of soil moisture & vegetation b) influenced by man made activities and climate changes 300 million hectares of farm land now abandoned world
wide Affects about 41% of global land area Affects livelihood of more than 1 billion people in over
110 countries A typical example : The expansion of Gobi Desert by 52000
km², from 1994- 1999, now 150 miles away from Beijing
Ocean exhaustion
Consumption Collapsing Fish Populations “collateral damage”
Leatherback turtles
Pollution Eutrophication
Dying Coral reefs Oil spill and chemical spill
Toxins, Viruses, Bacteria Sea otter decline
Habitat destruction Bottom trawling Coastal wetlands
WASTESHEAVY METALS AND E-WASTES
BIOACCUMULATION
GARBAGE
Food, paper, clothes, materials, substances which are no longer needed and have been thrown away.
POLLUTION Undesirable events taking place in the
environment Pollutants responsible for pollution Types of pollution: 1) air pollution 2) water pollution 3) soil/land pollution 4) noise polluition
Air pollution
Air pollution
The air in our towns and cities is very polluted with gases, car fumes, smoke. It is becoming more and more difficult to breathe.
Water pollution
Water pollution
Water contains harmful chemicals and is very dangerous for people and animals.
LAND POLLUTION
Noise pollution
sound is very loud or continuous noise which is considered unpleasant and harmful to people.
Biodiversity loss Loss of biodiversity at an alarming rate Scientists figured – “the 6th extinction” REASONS : mainly anthropogenic intervention a) Habitat loss and fragmentation
b) invasive alien species
Mikania micrantha
Water Dragon
Fire Ants
c) Deforestation
deforestation
MAJOR IMPACTS Habitat loss Loss of biodiversity Occurrence of natural calamities Destabilization of climate Loss of livelihood Oxygen imbalance
ROOT CAUSE………
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT…….
solutions2 concepts for control approach: Assimilative capacity concept Principle of control concept
IMPORTANT MEASURES Education for children on public health and
sanitations; their rights and duties People must learn to measure and estimate the
amount of pollution in their surroundings Effective intervention of government
departments on health , environment related issues
Where pollution is severe the authorities should conduct regular inspections
Need to separate dry waste from wet waste- wet waste need needs to be composed for agricultural use
Reduce vehicular pollution – promote public transport systems
Sewage water should treated and used for irrigation
Building of watersheds Reduced use of fossil fuels- use of CNG and
other cleaner fuels Bioremediation and biofiltration Reduce , Reuse & Recycle Afforestation and effective banning of illegal
poaching
conclusion Need of immediate intervention into the
global environmental problems Need of sustainable development Green economy Effective implementation of global
environmental policies Role of governments, NGOs, individuals Role & effective use of biotechnology
resources Education and empowerment programs
Thank YouMerci
salamatKop
Tack
Sh
ukri
ya
DANKE
Mah
alo
dêkuji
köszönöm
Gracias
HwalaGr aXie
Natick
Seé
obrigadoDALU
Gra
zie
Diky