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Global Climate Change Alliance: Intra-ACP Programme Training Module Mainstreaming Climate Change Module 10 – Enhanced participation of communities Ms Isabelle Mamaty Senior Expert Climate Support Facility. Enhanced participation of communities. Learning objective: - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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An initiative of the ACP Group of States funded by the European Union
Global Climate Change Alliance: Intra-ACP Programme
Training ModuleMainstreaming Climate Change
Module 10 – Enhanced participation of communities
Ms Isabelle MamatySenior Expert
Climate Support Facility
Enhanced participation of communities
Learning objective: o To understand the need to put communities first in designing
appropriate climate change responseso To understand the need to integrate local knowledge on climate
change in development planning
Expected outcomes: o Raising awareness on the recognition and respect of the
vulnerability at community level to the impacts of climate change
o Raising awareness on the use of lessons and experiences at the local level to feed into higher levels of decision making
2
Why should communities be involved?
Climate change impacts occur locally and affect local livelihoods activities
Vulnerability and adaptive capacity are context - specific and local
Climate change actions are best observed at local levels
Communities are an important repository of experiences and lessons learned (traditional knowledge)
Communities may help building climate change strategies to support poverty (via top-down and bottom-up approaches)*
3
Challenges facing the participation of communities
Lack of awareness of the government at local and national levels
Lack of information at local level
Limited capacity (financial and human) of local authorities
Structural and Institutional constraints e.g Land issue
4
Channels of engagement of communities (1)
Government should increase participation of communities in decision making processes though: o Local governmento Civil societyo Private sector
Both top-down and bottom-up approaches should be encouraged: communities should benefit from and shape decision making on climate change at national level
5
Local governments can help communities understand and reduce climate risks through: o Political representation: make sure that communities socio-economic and
environmental priorities are taken into account in regional and national decision making and policies
o Strategic development planning: Ensure participation of communities for strategic development planning processes for infrastructure, housing, land use and allocation, and regulation of natural resources
o Delivery of public service: e.g. infrastructure and technology selected with a climate lens
o Raising and managing local revenue: in case of higher decentralisation in the country
…. But generally they are facing financial constraints that make the prioritisation of development objectives and activities difficult.
6
Channels of engagement of communities (1)
Civil society is effective intermediary between government and the communities through: o Advocacy: ensure that needs and preoccupations of communities are
taken into account in development policies and processes at local and national levels
o Awareness raising: e.g..( new) measures that seek to reduce climate-related risks
o Research: collect of analysis of information on risk , vulnerability, adaptive capacity and monitoring and evaluation at community level
o Capacity building and training: e.g. new skills may be needed to develop Climate change strategies
o Service delivery: health care, water and sanitation, disaster risk reduction
7
Channels of engagement of communities (2)
Private sector may support communities through:o Provision of economic opportunities and growth: job
creation, better incomes
o Service delivery: health, water ..
o Political influence: local and national levels
o Provision of financial, technical and human resources: access to innovations and technologies: e.g. water conservation; more resilient buildings…)
o Public – private partnerships
8
Channels of engagement of communities (2)
Elements for successful participation
Effective engagement with the community depends on: clarity of the objectives and goals; understanding of how the engagement fits in with official
processes; collect and communicate accessible, reliable information
about climate change trends, impacts and actions: awareness-raising and targeted messaging on climate change
respect and promote local knowledge and ownership; skill development and capacity building; build relationships based on mutual trust and respect:
participatory approaches e.g. participatory budgeting
feedback to the community and flexibility in the approach.
9
Gathering and using appropriate information (1)
Scientific information should be translated into information relevant to the target group
Knowledge about past climate risks and coping strategies is embedded in local traditions, histories and practices and should be understood as a basis for action
local knowledge should be gathered though Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) tools, stories, evidence, experienced trends; etc…
10
Different categories of tools exist :o Process guidance tools that guide users through
the identification, gathering, and analysis of relevant data and information
oData and information provision tools that generate or present data and information
o Knowledge-sharing tools: platforms and networks that offer adaptation practitioners a virtual space for information and experiences related to climate risk and adaptation
11
Gathering and using appropriate information (2)
Tools for gathering and organising information at the community level (1)
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Information for adaptation Examples of tools for gathering and organising information
Climate-specific tools Generic tools
Climate forecasts, predictions and projections
Scientific/quantitative : daily weather forecasts; seasonal weather forecasts; cyclone/hurricane monitoring; regional climate models and global circulation modelsIndigenous/qualitative: traditional knowledge
Natural hazards and environmental assessments
Scientific/quantitative : wind, rainfall and temperature data (historic and current)Indigenous/qualitative: traditional knowledge
Scientific/quantitative: geological hazard maps; hydrological maps; local rainfall and flood level recordsQualitative: participatory local hazard maps; time lines
13
Information for adaptation Examples of tools for gathering and organising information
Climate-specific tools Generic tools
Vulnerability and capacity assessments
Capacities and vulnerability analysis; IFRC vulnerability and capacity assessment; CARE international climate vulnerability and capacity assessment framework
Participatory rural appraisal tools: stories and oral histories; household surveys; transect walks; wealth and well-being ranking; semi-structured interviews and focus groups; time-lines; seasonal calendars; problem trees ad flow charts; Venn diagrams
Livelihood analysis CRiSTAL (community-based risk screening tool-adaptation and livelihoods)
Local coping and adaptation strategies
Tools for gathering and organising information at the community level (2)
Discussion
Questions and answers Participation of communities
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What are the opportunities for enhancing participation of communities in mainstreaming
climate change process in your sector or at your level and what are the institutional and
capacity needs in your organisation to do so?
Presentation of case studies
Presentation of case studies and best practices on the participation of communities
16
Recap – Key messages
In order to enhance participation of communities there is a need to: o analyse their problems, needs and interests in relation to
national development prioritieso gather, use and provide appropriate informationo develop through top down and bottom approaches,
strategies that will reduce their exposure to climate hazards and/or increase capacity to cope with their impacts while responding to their development needs
o Development of these strategies should be through local governments, civil society and private sector channels
17
Key references
Conde C., K. Lonsdale, A. Nyong and I. Aguilar, 2005a. Engaging stakeholders in the adaptation process. In: Adaptation policy frameworks for climate change: Developing strategies, policies and measures. (B. Lim and E. Spanger-Siegfried, Eds.) Cambridge University Press, UK, 49-60.
OECD (2009) Integrating climate Change Adaptation into Development Co-operation-policy guidance
UNDP (2011) Practitioner’s Guide: Capacity Development for Environmental Sustainability. United Nations Development Programme, New York
UNDP-UNEP (2011) Mainstreaming Adaptation to Climate Change into Development Planning: A Guide for Practitioners. UNDP-UNEP Poverty-Environment Initiative
UNDP – Integrating environment into development: http://www.undp.org/mainstreaming/
USAID (2007) – Adapting climate change – Guidance Manual
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• Thank you
• Contact: Dr. Pendo MARO, ACP Secretariat [email protected] or +32 495 281 494
www.gcca.eu/intra-acp