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glioma.jpg • glioma.jpg • The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present with hearing loss. These benign neoplasms can be removed

Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

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Page 1: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

glioma.jpg

• glioma.jpg

• The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present with hearing loss. These benign neoplasms can be removed

Page 2: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

1. TUMORES GLIALES1.1. Astrocitomas1.2. Oligodendrogliomas1.3. Tumores ependimarios1.4. Tumores de los plexos coroideos

2. TUMORES NO GLIALES2.1. Tumores neuronales y mixtos, glioneuronales2.2. Tumores meníngeos y mesenquimatosos2.3. Tumores de la región pineal2.4. Tumores embrionarios2.5. Tumores de los nervios craneanos y espinales2.6. Neoplasias hematopoyéticas2.7. Quistes y lesiones neoplasiformes2.8. Tumores Hipofisarios2.9. Extensiones locales de tumores regionales

Zülch KJ. Geneva, World Health Organization, 1979

Page 3: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

Incidencia de los tumores

Tumores primarios (65%)Gliomas (45-50%)

Glioblastoma multiforme (45-50%) Atrocitoma anaplasico (20-25%) Astrocitoma pilocitico (10%) Oligodendrioglioma (10%) Ependimoma (8%)

Meningioma (15%) Adenoma hipofisario (6%)Neurinoma (6%)Tumos neuroendocrino primitivo (6%)Craniofaringioma (3%)Linfoma (2%)

Page 4: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

Características de los tumores

Localización Multiplicidad Densidad e intensidad Marginación Refuerzo con el contraste Patrones vasculares Calcificación Hemorragia Edema Desplazamiento y obstrucción

Page 5: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

25179_TuBajoGrado

• 25179_tubajogrado_liberti002.jpg

• 25179_tubajogrado_liberti005.jpg

Page 6: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

25179_TuBajoGrado

• 25179_tubajogrado_liberti002.jpg

• 25179_tubajogrado_liberti005.jpg

Page 7: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

glioma 02.jpg

• glioma 02.jpg

• This glioma is arising in the cerebral hemisphere. As in most gliomas, it is difficult to tell where the margin is

1. TUMORES GLIALES

Page 8: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

23575 astrocitoma pilocitico

• guadalupe_raul003.jpg

• guadalupe_raul009.jpg

Page 9: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

23575 astrocitoma pilocitico

• guadalupe_raul015.jpg

• guadalupe_raul022.jpg

Page 10: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

23575 astrocitoma pilocitico

• guadalupe_raul026.jpg

Page 11: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

26235_tu_cere_rmi

• 26235_tu_cere_rmi_003.jpg

• 26235_tu_cere_rmi_025.jpg

Page 12: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

26235_tu_cere_rmi

• 26235_tu_cere_rmi_010.jpg

• 26235_tu_cere_rmi_018.jpg

Page 13: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

glioblastoma multiforme 02.jpg

• glioblastoma multiforme 02.jpg

• This is the worst possible form of glioma--a glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). These neoplasms are quite vascular with prominent areas of necrosis and hemorrhage. Note how this one has crossed the midline to the opposite hemisphere.

1. TUMORES GLIALES1.1. 1.1. AstrocitomasAstrocitomas

1.1.1.3.1.1.1.3. Glioblastoma multiforme (50%)

Page 14: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

28038 tu cere

• 28038 tu cere 4- t2.jpg

Page 15: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

28038 tu cere

• 28038 tu cere 5- coro.jpg

Page 16: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

2. TUMORES NO GLIALES

22.2. Tumores meníngeos y .2. Tumores meníngeos y mesenquimatososmesenquimatosos2.2.1.2.2.1. Meningioma

2.2.2.2.2.2. Tumores osteocartilaginosos

2.2.3.2.2.3. Histiocitoma fibroso

2.2.4.2.2.4. Tumores mesenquimatosos malignos

2.2.5.2.2.5. Hemangiopericitoma

2.2.6.2.2.6. Hemangioblastoma

Page 17: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

meningioma 03.jpg

• meningioma 03.jpg

• Note how this meningioma beneath the dura has compressed the underlying cerebral hemisphere. Rarely, meningiomas can be more aggressive and invade

Meningiomas

Page 18: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

meningioma-01

• meningioma-01a.jpg

• meningioma-01a.jpg

Page 19: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

Meningioma TC 7 RMI

• 04meningioma.JPG

• 05meningioma.JPG

Page 20: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

Meningioma TC 7 RMI

• 01meningioma.JPG

Page 21: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

Meningioma TC 7 RMI

• 02meningioma.JPG

Page 22: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

2. TUMORES NO GLIALES

2.5. Tumores de los nervios 2.5. Tumores de los nervios craneanos y espinalescraneanos y espinales2.5.1.2.5.1. Schwanoma (neurinoma o neurilemoma)

2.5.32.5.3.. Neurofibroma

2.5.4.2.5.4. Tumores malignos de las vainas nerviosas periféricas

Page 23: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

25298_neurinoma

• 25298_neurinoma_002.jpg

• 25298_neurinoma_003.jpg

Page 24: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

25298_neurinoma

• 25298_neurinoma_004.jpg

Page 25: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

16384 (neurinomaviii)

• 16384 (neurinomaviii) b.jpg

• 16384 (neurinomaviii) c.jpg

Page 26: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

16384 (neurinomaviii)

• 16384 (neurinomaviii) b.jpg

• 16384 (neurinomaviii) c.jpg

Page 27: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

20242 - neurinoma viii par

• 20242 - neurinoma viii par1.jpg

• 20242 - neurinoma viii par2.jpg

Page 28: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

20242 - neurinoma viii par

• 20242 - neurinoma viii par3.jpg

Page 29: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

2. TUMORES NO GLIALES

2.6. Neoplasias hematopoyéticas2.6. Neoplasias hematopoyéticas2.6.1. Linfoma

2.6.2.2.6.2. Leucemia (sarcoma granulocítico o “cloroma”)

2.6.3.2.6.3. Plasmocitomas

Page 30: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

2. TUMORES NO GLIALES

2.7. Quistes y lesiones neoplasiformes2.7. Quistes y lesiones neoplasiformes2.8.1.2.8.1. Quiste del saco de Rathke

2.8.2.2.8.2. Quiste dermoide

2.8.3.2.8.3. Quiste epidermoide

2.8.4.2.8.4. Quiste coloide

2.8.5.2.8.5. Quiste enterógeno

2.8.6.2.8.6. Quiste de neuroglia

2.8.7.2.8.7. Lipoma

2.8.8.2.8.8. Hamartoma

Page 31: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

78918_lipoma_ccalloso (TC)

• 78918_lipoma_ccalloso_003.jpg

• 78918_lipoma_ccalloso_004.jpg

• cuadrigeminal 05.JPG

Page 32: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

2. TUMORES NO GLIALES

2.8 Tumores Hipofisarios2.8 Tumores Hipofisarios

2.9. Extensiones locales de tumores 2.9. Extensiones locales de tumores regionalesregionales

2.9.1.2.9.1. Craniofaringioma

2.9.2.2.9.2. Paraganglioma

2.9.3.2.9.3. Cordoma

Page 33: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

mixcroadenoma

Page 34: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

• 17730 - mixcroadenoma sin.jpg

• 17730 - mixcroadenoma con.jpg

17730 - mixcroadenoma sin y con

Page 35: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

27987 macroadenoma hipof 1 coro gado

• 27987 macroadenoma hipof 3 coro .jpg

Page 36: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

27987 macroadenoma hipof 1 coro gado

• 27987 macroadenoma hipof 1 coro gado .jpg

Page 37: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

27987 macroadenoma hipof 1 coro gado

• 27987 macroadenoma hipof 6 sag .jpg

Page 38: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

3. TUMORES SECUNDARIOS80-85% son

supratentoriales 35-50% son solitarios

Bronquio (34.3%)Mama (17.08%)Tubo digestivo (6.24%)Melanoma (6.05%),Riñon (5.09%)Otros (12.4%) Desconocido (18.9%)

Page 39: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

metastasis from a lung carcinoma.jpg

• metastasis from a lung carcinoma.jpg

• At the left is seen a metastasis from a lung carcinoma. Metastases most often appear at the border of the grey and white matter in the distribution of the middle cerebral artery, as in this case, because that is where the blood flow (vascular distribution) is most likely to take metastases.

Page 40: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

19532 meta frontal (TC)

• 19532 meta frontal 1sin.jpg

• 19532 meta frontal 2con.jpg

Page 41: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

24683 MTS CEREBRALES (RM)

• 24683_mts_cere_002.jpg

• 24683_mts_cere_005.jpg

Page 42: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

24683 MTS CEREBRALES (RM)

• 24683_mts_cere_008.jpg

• 24683_mts_cere_011.jpg

Page 43: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

24162 mts cerebrales rmi

• lascano_julio_014.jpg

• lascano_julio_016.jpg

• lascano_julio_017.jpg

• lascano_julio_019.jpg

• lascano_julio_022.jpg

• lascano_julio_023.jpg

Page 44: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

24321 mts calota con reaccion meningea CORREA

• correa_maria_esther_003.jpg

• correa_maria_esther_004.jpg

Page 45: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

24321 mts calota con reaccion meningea CORREA

• correa_maria_esther_008.jpg

• correa_maria_esther_009.jpg

Page 46: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

24321 mts calota con reaccion meningea CORREA

• correa_maria_esther_014.jpg

• correa_maria_esther_015.jpg

Page 47: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

24321 mts calota con reaccion meningea CORREA

• correa_maria_esther_020.jpg

• correa_maria_esther_021.jpg

Page 48: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present
Page 49: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

1. Infecciones 1. Infecciones congénitas-congénitas-neonatalesneonatales

1.1.1.1. Citomegalovirus

1.2.1.2. Toxoplasmosis

1.3.1.3. Rubeola

1.4.1.4. Herpes simple

1.5.1.5. Infección por HIV

1.6.1.6. Varicela

1.7.1.7. Enterovirus

Page 50: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

6348-luj- secuela meningitis

• 6348-luj- secuela meningitis (6años) 3-chi.JPG

• 6348-luj- secuela meningitis (6años) 4-chi.JPG

Page 51: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

INFECCIONES DEL S.N.C.

2.Meningitis2.Meningitis

2.1.2.1. Meningitis piógena aguda

2.2.2.2. Meningitis linfocítica aguda

2.3.2.3. Meningitis crónica

Page 52: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

INFECCIONES DEL S.N.C.

2.MeningitisHALLAZGOS (del Anne Osborn) Normal Hidrocefalia leve Cisternas borradas Realce meníngeo Exudado subaracnoideo

INFECCIONES DEL S.N.C. 2.Meningitis

INFECCIONES DEL S.N.C.

2.Meningitis2.Meningitis

Page 53: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

Bacterial meningitis (stark)• Bacterial meningitis (stark)a.jpg

• Bacterial meningitis (stark)b.jpg

• Bacterial meningitis. A 32-year-old woman had headache and stiff neck as a result of Propionibacterium acnes meningitis. A and B, Noncontrast axial T1-weighted (SE 600/20) and T2-weighted (SE 2000/70) images do not disclose a meningeal abnormality, although mild prominence of the ventricles is present. A shunt tract is seen entering the right occipital horn. C, Postcontrast axial T1-weighted image (SE 600/20) demonstrates marked enhancement of the meninges surrounding the entire brain. Enhancement of the falx may be a normal finding, although in this case the enhancement is pathological. D, After treatment with antibiotics, a follow-up postcontrast axial scan shows resolution of previously noted meningeal enhancement. If fibrous change occurs in the meninges, however, enhancement after meningitis or other meningeal disease may be permanent

Page 54: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

Bacterial meningitis (stark)

• Bacterial meningitis (stark)a.jpg

• Bacterial meningitis (stark)c.jpg

Page 55: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

INFECCIONES DEL S.N.C.

3.Infecciones piógenas parenquimatosas3.1. Cerebritis y absceso3.2. Complicaciones de los

abscesos

INFECCIONES DEL S.N.C. 2.Infecciones piógenas

INFECCIONES DEL S.N.C.

33..Infecciones Infecciones piógenaspiógenas

Page 56: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

pyogenic cerebritis (taveras) 4

• pyogenic cerebritis (taveras) 4.jpg

• Fig. 4. Pyogenic cerebritis in a child. Postcontrast T2-weighted (A) and T1-weighted (B) MR images revealing diffuse edema of the right hemisphere with mass effect and leptomeningeal enhancement

Page 57: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

INFECCIONES DEL S.N.C.

3.Infecciones piógenas parenquimatosasFORMACION DEL ABSCESO (del Anne Osborn)

Otogénico (temporal o cerebeloso) Rinogénico (senos paranasales) Traumático Metastásico (diseminación

hematógena)• Endocarditis bacteriana, septicemia• Absceso pulmonar o bronquiectasias• Flora intestinal en cardiopatía congénita con

shunt derecha-izquierda• Criptogénico

INFECCIONES DEL S.N.C. 2.Infecciones piógenas

INFECCIONES DEL S.N.C.

33..Infecciones Infecciones piógenaspiógenas

Page 58: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

INFECCIONES DEL S.N.C.

3.Infecciones piógenas parenquimatosasFORMACION DEL ABSCESO (del Anne Osborn)

Cerebritis precoz (3-5 días) Cerebritis tardía (5 a 15 días) Encapsulacion precoz (2 semanas) Encapsulacion tardia (semanas –

meses)

INFECCIONES DEL S.N.C. 2.Infecciones piógenas

INFECCIONES DEL S.N.C.

33..Infecciones Infecciones piógenaspiógenas

Page 59: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

abscess y cerebritis sin cte

Page 60: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

4. Encefalitis

4.1.4.1. Encefalitis por herpes simple4.2.4.2. Encefalitis por HIV4.3.4.3. Otras infecciones del S.N.C. en el S.I.D.A.

- Toxoplasmosis - Criptococosis- Papovavirus (L.M.P.) - Citomegalovirus- Herpes - Varicela- Sífilis - Tuberculosis

4.4.4.4. Encefalitis víricas diversas- Arbovirus - Virus de Epstein-Bar- Encefalitis de Rasmussen - Enf. De Creuztfeldt-Jacob- Kuru

4.5.4.5. Encefalitis post-infecciosa- Panencefalitis esclerosante subaguda - Encefalomielitis diseminada aguda - Enf. De Lyme

INFECCIONES DEL S.N.C. 44..EncefalitisEncefalitis

Page 61: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

INFECCIONES DEL S.N.C. 4. Encefalitis

Encefalitis por HIV (60%)Toxoplasmosis: oportunista + frec (20%-

40%)Criptococosis (5%)LMP (papova) (1%-4%)

Otras:Tuberculosis (2%-18%)NeurosifilisVaricela zosterEncefalitis / ependimitis por CMV

INFECCIONES DEL S.N.C.

Infecciones del SNC Infecciones del SNC en el SIDAen el SIDA

Page 62: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

ENCEFALITIS hiv

• 16.JPG

Page 63: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

toxoplasmoisis

Page 64: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

toxoplasmoisis

Page 65: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

5. Tuberculosis e infecciones por hongos

Espinal Meningitis TBC Tuberculoma

INFECCIONES DEL S.N.C. 55..TBCTBC

Page 66: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

Tuberculous meningitis (stark)

• Tuberculous meningitis (stark)a.jpg

• Tuberculous meningitis. An 8-year-old boy had lethargy and fever caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, cultured from CSF. A, CT scan with contrast shows enhancement of basal cisterns and hydrocephalus

Page 67: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

25294 TBC Cerebral

• 25294_tbc_cere_002.jpg

• 25294_tbc_cere_006.jpg

Page 68: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

6. Infecciones por hongosINMUNOCOMPETENTES

Histoplasmosis Blastomicosis Coccidioidomicosis Aspergilosis (rara)

INMUNODEPRIMIDOS

Aspergilosis Candidiasis Criptococosis Rhizopus Nocardia

INFECCIONES DEL S.N.C. 66..MicosisMicosis

INFECCIONES DEL S.N.C. 7.Parásitos7.ParásitosINMUNOCOMPETENTES Neurocisticercosis Paragonimiasis Esparganosis Equinococosis Amebiasis Paludismo

INMUNODEPRIMIDOS Toxoplasmosis

Page 69: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

ENCEFALOPATIAS HEREDITARIAS

Sust. BLANCA Sust. GRIS Sust. BLANCA + GRIS

GANGLIOS BASALES

• Leucodistrofia metacromática

• Enf. de Krabbe

• Adrenoleuco-distrofia

• Enf. de Pelizaeus-Merzbacher

• Enf. de Alexander

• Enf. de Canavan

• Fenilcetonuria

• Enf. de Tay-Sachs y otras lipidosis

• Sind. de Hurler y otras mucopolisacaridosis

• Mucolipidosis y fucosidosis

• Enf. de depósito de glucógeno

• Enf. de Leigh y otras encefalopatías mitocondriales

• Sind. de Zellweger y otros trastornos peroxisómico

• Enf. de Hungtinton

• Enf. de Hallervorden-Spatz

• Enf. de Fahr

• Enf. de Wilson

Page 70: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

ENCEFALOPATIAS ADQUIRIDAS

1.1. ENVEJECIMIENTO NORMAL

2.2. TRASTORNOS NEURODEGENERATIVOS DE LA SUSTANCIA BLANCA

3.3. TRASTORNOS NEURODEGENERATIVOS DE LA SUSTANCIA GRIS

Page 71: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

ENCEFALOPATIAS ADQUIRIDAS

1. ENVEJECIMIENTO NORMAL DEL ENCÉFALO1. ENVEJECIMIENTO NORMAL DEL ENCÉFALO

Hiperintensidades en la sustancia blanca Dilatación de ventrículos y surcos Hiperintensidad periventricular Aumento del depósito de hierro (globo pálido,putamen)

Page 72: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

5487-luj- leuco (73años)

• 5487-luj- leuco (73años) 1-chi.JPG

Page 73: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

Calcificaciones ganglios de la base

• 6119-luj- calcificaciones ganglios de la base-chi.JPG

Page 74: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

16159 (viejo virchow-robin)

• 16159 (viejo virchow-robin)a.jpg

• 16159 (viejo virchow-robin)b.jpg

• 16159 (viejo virchow-robin)c.jpg

Page 75: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

ENCEFALOPATIAS ADQUIRIDAS.

22.TRASTORNOS NEURODEGENERATIVOS .TRASTORNOS NEURODEGENERATIVOS DE LA SUSTANCIA BLANCADE LA SUSTANCIA BLANCA

2.1.2.1. Esclerosis Múltiple2.2.2.2. Enfermedades víricas y posvíricas2.3.2.3. Desmielinización tóxica2.4.2.4. Traumatismo2.5.2.5. Enfermedades vasculares2.6.2.6. Enfermedad de Canavan2.8.2.8. Fenilcetonuria y trastornos de los aminoácidos

Page 76: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

Esclerosis multiple (T1,T2,FLAIR)

Page 77: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

27461 em activa

• 27461 em activa 4c.jpg

Page 78: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

27461 em activa

• 27461 em activa 6c.jpg

Page 79: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

27461 em activa

• 27461 em activa 1a.jpg

• 27461 em activa 1b.jpg

• 27461 em activa 1c.jpg

Page 80: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

ENCEFALOPATIAS ADQUIRIDAS

22.TRASTORNOS NEURODEGENERATIVOS .TRASTORNOS NEURODEGENERATIVOS DE LA SUSTANCIA BLANCADE LA SUSTANCIA BLANCA2.2.55.. Enfermedades vasculares

Arterioesclerosis Infartos lacunares Embolias Encefalopatía hipóxica-isquémica Vasculitis

Page 81: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

ENCEFALOPATIAS ADQUIRIDAS

3. TRASTORNOS NEURODEGENERATIVOS DE LA3. TRASTORNOS NEURODEGENERATIVOS DE LA SUSTANCIA GRISSUSTANCIA GRIS

3.1.3.1. Enfermedad de Alzheimer y otras demencias corticales

3.2.3.2. Trastornos extrapiramidales y demencias subcorticales

3.3.3.3. Enfermedad de Parkinson y degeneraciones estriadonígricas relacionadas

3.43.4. Degeneraciones cerebelosas y motoras diversas

Page 82: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

ENCEFALOPATIAS ADQUIRIDAS

3. TRASTORNOS NEURODEGENERATIVOS DE 3. TRASTORNOS NEURODEGENERATIVOS DE LALA SUSTANCIA GRISSUSTANCIA GRIS3.1.3.1. Enfermedad de Alzheimer y otras demencias

corticales3.2. Trastornos extrapiramidales y demencias

subcorticales3.3. Enfermedad de Parkinson y degeneraciones

estriadonígricas relacionadas3.4. Degeneraciones cerebelosas y motoras

diversas

Enfermedad degenerativa cerebral más frecuente Atrofia generalizada, y temporal desproporcionada Hiperintensidades en sustancia blanca poco prominentes Diagnóstico diferencial: envejecimiento normal

Page 83: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

Alzheimer's disease 02.jpg

• Alzheimer's disease 02a.jpg

• Alzheimer's disease 02b.jpg

• In this case of Alzheimer's disease, there is more marked atrophy seen superiorly and laterally, with sparing of the occipital region

Page 84: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

Atrofia

• ATROFIA0.JPG

• ATROFIA1.JPG

Page 85: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

Atrofia

• ATROFIA2.JPG

• ATROFIA3.JPG

Page 86: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

HIDROCEFALIAS

• hidrocefalia.jpg

• Note the marked dilation of the cerebral ventricles. This is hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus can be due to lack of absorption of CSF or due to an obstruction to flow of CSF

Page 87: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

HIDROCEFALIAS

H. por sobreproducción (tumor de plexo coroideo)

H. por obstrucción al flujo de LCR H. intraventricular obstructiva H. extraventricular obstructiva

H. por menor reabsorcion H. normotensiva

Page 88: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

580 hakim-adams

• 580 hakim-adams--t11.jpg

• 580 hakim-adams--t12.jpg

Page 89: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

580 hakim-adams

• 580 hakim-adams--t21.jpg

• 580 hakim-adams--t22.jpg

Page 90: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

580 hakim-adams

• 580 hakim-adams--flair1.jpg

• 580 hakim-adams—flair2.jpg

Page 91: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present
Page 92: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present
Page 93: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

MALFORMACIONES CONGENITAS

1.Trastornos de la Organogenesis1.1. Cierre del tubo neural1.2. Diverticulación - segmentación1.3. Formación de surcos - migración celular1.4. Anomalías del tamaño1.5. Lesiones destructivas

2. Trastornos de la HistogénesisSindromes neurocutáneos

3. Trastornos de la CitogénesisNeoplasias Congénitas

Page 94: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

MALFORMACIONES CONGENITAS 1.Trastornos del cierre del tubo neural

1.1. Malformaciones de Chiari1.1.1. Malformación de Chiari I1.1.2. Malformación de Chiari II

1.1.3. Malformación de Chiari III1.1.4. Malformación de Chiari IV

1.2. Encefaloceles1.2.1. Encefaloceles occipitales y parietales1.2.2. Encefaloceles sincipitales y esfenofaríngeos1.2.3. Encefaloceles, quistes dermoides y gliomas nasales1.2.4. Encefaloceles atrésicos

1.3. Anomalías del cuerpo calloso1.3.1. Agenesia del cuerpo calloso1.3.2. Lipoma del cuerpo calloso

Page 95: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present
Page 96: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present
Page 97: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

MALFORMACIONES CONGENITAS

2.Trastornos de la diverticulación y

segmentación

Holoprocencefalias y trastornos relacionados2.1. Holoprosencefalia alobar2.2. Holoprosencefalia semilobar

2.3. Holoprosencefalia lobar2.4. Displasia septo-óptica2.5. Arrinencefalia

Page 98: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present
Page 99: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

MALFORMACIONES CONGENITAS

3.Trastornos de la formación de surcos y

de la migración celular

3.1. Lisencefalia3.2. Displasia corticales no lisencefálicas

3.3. Heterotopías3.4. Esquizencefalia3.5. Megaloencefalia unilateral

Page 100: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present
Page 101: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

MALFORMACIONES CONGENITAS

4.Sindromes neurocutáneos

4.1. Neurofibromatosis4.2. Esclerosis Tuberosa

4.3. Sindrome de Sturge-Weber4.4. Sindrome de von Hippel-Lindau

Page 102: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present
Page 103: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present
Page 104: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present

MALFORMACIONES CONGENITAS 5.Malformaciones y quistes de la fosa

posterior5.1. Complejo de Dandy-Walker

5.1.1. Malformación de Dandy-Walker5.1.2. Variante de Dandy-Walker

5.2. Quistes diversos de la fosa posterior5.2.1. Megacisterna magna5.2.2. Quiste aracnoideo de la fosa posterior

5.3. Hipoplasias/displasias cerebelosas diversas5.3.1. Malformación de Chiari IV5.3.2. Sindrome de Joubert5.3.3. Rombencefalosinapsis5.3.4. Disrafia tectocerebelosa5.3.5. Enfermedad de Lhermite-Duclos

Page 105: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present
Page 106: Glioma.jpg The mass lesion here is arising in the acoustic (eighth cranial) nerve at the cerebellopontine angle. This is a schwannoma. Patients may present