Giudance and Counseling

7/30/2019 Giudance and Counseling

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GUIDANCE ANDCOUNSELING



• According to Ruth Strang:Guidance is the

process of helping everyindividual, through his

own efforts, to discover and develop his

potentialities for his personalhappiness and

social usefulness





•

• Cont…..

• Guidance is related to the development of the student.Guidance andinstructional activities arecomplementary.Guidance is meant forall.Guidance is based on educationalobjectives.Guidance is a specializedservice.Standard of ethics are observed.Periodical evaluation of guidancework isdone.

• Objectives:

• 1.

• To make the students to discover information about themselves.

• 2.

• To develop educational and occupationalplans.• 3.

• To promote self concept in an individual.

• 4.

• To improve personal potentialities.



• Cont….

• 5.

• To enhance forward- looking attitude inan individual.

•6.

• To bring in desirable changes in curricular activities toimprove educationalstandards.

• 7.

• To help each individual to meet and solvehis problemsas they arise.



• Elements of guidance.

•

• It focuses our attention on the individualand not

the problem.•

• It leads to the discovery of abilities of anindividual.

• • Guidance is based upon the assets andlimitations

of an individual



• t leads to self development and self direction.

•

• It helps the individual plan wisely for thepresent

and the future.•

• It assists the individual to become adjustedto the

environment.•

• It assists to achieve success andhappiness.



Types



• Advantages of Guidance.

• 1.

• It helps the pupil to understand himself.

• 2.

• It helps the pupil in making careful choiceof subjects and courses.

• 3.

• It enables the teacher to understand thestrengths and weaknesses of his pupil.

• Cont…

• 4.

• It enables the parent to understand their children.

• 5.

• It feeds the community with better adjustedcitizens.

• 6.

• It serves to prevent problems which maylead to mental illness.

• 7.

• It enables the administrator to make thebest use of the energy, money, time andresourcesavailable.



• Limitations of Guidance:

• 1.

• Guidance services are not well organized.

• 2.

• It is limited due to lack of personnel and other facilities.• 3.

• There is an overdoing of psychological tests.

• 4.

• Conditions of life are too complex for anyperson to solvethe problems of another.

• 5.

• Qualified guidance personnel may do greatharm.





• According to Perez (1965):Counseling is

an interactiveprocess conjoining the

counseleewho need assistance and

thecounselor who trained and educatedtogive this assistance.



• According to Pepinsky andPepinsky (1954)

• Counseling is that interaction which

•

• Occurs between two individualscalled counselor and

clients. •

• Takes place in professional settingand

•

•

Is initiated and maintained tofacilitate changes in thebehaviour of a client.

•



• According to Patterson:

• Counseling is the process

involvinginterpersonal relationships between

atherapist and one or more clients bywhich

the former employspsychological methods

based onsystematic knowledge of the

humanpersonality in attempting toimprovethe mental health of the later.



• Purposes of Counseling

• 1.

• To give the student information on mattersimportant tohis success.

• 2. • To help the student in solving his problems.

• 3.

• To establish mutual understanding betweenstudents andteachers.

• 4.

• To help the student work out a plan for solving hisdifficulties.



• To help the students to known hisinterests,

abilities, attitudes etc….

• 6.

• To encourage and develop specialabilities and

right attitudes.

• 7.

• To assists the student in planningeducational

and vocational choices.





• Characteristics of Counseling.

•

• Person to person relationship.

•

• Involves two individual.

•

• Helps the counselor to discover andsolve his personalproblemsindependently.

•

• Helps and assist properly

•

• Establish a relationship of mutualrespect, cooperation andfriendlinessbetween the two individuals.



• iscovers the problem of the client andhelpshim to set up goals and guide himthroughdifficulties and problems.

• • Counseling process the main emphasisis on

the counselor’s self direction andself

acceptance. •

• Counseling is democratic.



• Steps or Phases of Counseling.

• G ---- Greet the client

•

A ---- Ask clients about themselves.• T ---- Give information of Strategies of coping

mechanisms

•

H ---- Help the client to choose amethod.E ----Explain how to use a method.R ---- Return for

follow-up.



• Counseling process.

• Phase-1: Establishing Relationship:

• Introduce yourself.Listen attentively.

• Always address the individual byhis/her name.

• Ensure physical comfort

• .Do not interrupt the individual while heis

talking.

• Observe non-verbal communication.



. Phase- 2: Assessment:



III. Phase- 3: SettingGoals

The skills of drawing inference.

• Differentiation and

• Teaching individuals to think realistically.



• IV. Phase- 4:Intervention:

• Handling the interventions.Knowledge of its

effects.Ability to read clients reaction.

• V. Phase – 5: Terminationand Follow-up



Types of Counseling



• I. Directive counseling.

• Also known as Prescriptive or counselor-centeredCounseling andthe Steps involved.

• Analysis.

• Synthesis. • Diagnosis.

• Prognosis.

• Treatment.

• Follow-up.

•



• II. Non DirectiveCounseling.

• Also called Permissive Counseling or client centeredCounseling.The client or the counselee is the pivot.Heactively participates in the process.Steps involved arE

•

Need.• Attitude.

• Understand.

• Accept

• Translate.

• Steps.

•



• Eclectic Counseling:

• It is the combination of Directive andnon directiveCounselingSteps involved are,

•

• Diagnosis of the cause.

•

• Analysis of the problem.

•

• Preparation of a plan.

•

• Interviewing and stimulating aclient.

•

• Proper handling of any relatedproblems.



• Organization of Guidance andCounseling centre inaCounseling ceNTER school/college of NursING

• Purposes:

•

• To help adolescents with normaldevelopmentalproblems.

•

•To help individual through temporarycrisis.

•

• To identify signs of disturbedbehaviour at the earliest.



• To refer cases needingspecialist treatment.

•

• To support tutors whoare helping individualbut

who themselveswant guidance andreassurance. • The organizationsetup;

• For constituent colleges on thecampus.Foraffiliated college at a distance.At universities.

•



MEMBERS

• Members in thecommittee:

• Dean

• Liason officer

• Teacher fromacademic disciplines.

• Parents.

• Librarian.

• Warden.

• Medical staff.

































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Giudance and Counseling