Gis Sols for Urban Planning

8/6/2019 Gis Sols for Urban Planning

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GIS Solutions or Urbanand Regional PlanningDesigning and Mapping the Future oYour Community with GIS


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ESRI Solutions Designing and Mapping the Future of Your Community With GIS

No matter how large or small your community, as a planner youdeal with spatial information such as parcels, zoning, land use,addresses, transportation networks, and housing stock. You alsomonitor multiple urban and regional indicators, forecast futurecommunity needs, and plan accordingly to help improve the qualityof life in your community.

Milton Ospina, ESRI Urban and Regional Planning and Economic

Development Solutions Manager

Every day, planners use geographic in ormation system (GIS) technologyto research, develop, implement, and monitor the progress o their plans.GIS provides planners, surveyors, and engineers with the tools they needto design and map their neighborhoods and cities. Planners have thetechnical expertise, political savvy, and fscal understanding to trans orma vision o tomorrow into a strategic action plan or today, and they useGIS to acilitate the decision-making process.

Planners have always been involved in developing communities everyonewould want to call home. Originally, this meant designing and maintain-ing cities and counties through land use regulation and in rastructuresupport. Agencies have had to balance the needs o residential neighbor-hoods, agricultural areas, and business concerns. Now, in addition to thatcomplex challenge, local governments must actor into these decisionsthe requirements o a growing list o regional, state, and ederal agen-cies as well as special interest groups.

Rapidly changing economic conditions have urther complicated theprocess by threatening the unding needed to carry out these unctions.To date, local governments have been rightsized and downsized andhave had budgets drastically cut while trying to maintain service levels.In ormation technology, especially GIS, has proven crucial in helping localgovernments cope in this environment.

ESRI so tware solutions help planning, building and sa ety, public works,and engineering pro essionals meet or exceed these demands. ESRIso tware is the number one choice o local governments or mapping andanalysis. Using GIS so tware rom ESRI, planning agencies have discoveredhow traditional tasks can be per ormed more e fciently and tasksprevi-ously impractical or impossiblecan be easily accomplished.

Benefts o using GIS in local government include the ollowing: Increase e fciency. Save time. Generate revenue. Provide decision support. Improve accuracy. Manage resources. Automate tasks. Save money. Increase access to government. Enhance public participation. Promote greater collaboration

among public agencies.

Urban and regional planning underlies the very fabric of society aswe know it today. Without planning and foresight, our cities, towns,rural areas, and residential communities will not run efficiently.While communities today face many challenges, some of them, suchas pollution and traffic, can be addressed by careful and creative

planning. It is the planners job to address such problems and provide viable solutions for today and the future.

Dr. Christopher Pettit Postdoctoral Research Fellow, RMIT University, Melbourne Australia

2003 EDAWBalboa Park Multi-Modal Transit Station

2003 EDAWSt. Louis Downtown Core & Riverfront District Master Plan


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Planning seems simple enough: design the ideal community and ensure regulationssupport design goals. Reality is ar more complex. Today, city, community, andregional planning means dealing with constant change. Planning pro essionals havethe technical expertise, political savvy, and scal understanding to translate a visiono tomorrow into a strategic action plan or today. Requirements handed down

rom ederal and state regulatory agencies, regional boards, and an increasinglyactive public have made this job even more challenging.

Literally thousands o local government organizations, and planning agenciesin particular, have embraced GIS tools rom ESRI as a means o meeting thesedemands while dealing with limited unding and sta ng.

Front Counter Service and Current PlanningGIS promotes a good public image o a planning department. Equipped with GIStools rom ESRI, sta members can quickly access in ormation on parcel maps, suchas environmentally sensitive areas, and all matters concerning the implementation o

zoning, permit status, and other planning in ormation.

Comprehensive PlanningPlanners use GIS to prepare plans, which set the standard or policy decisionsregarding long-range changes to a communitys physical environment. Plannersmake use o GIS to smooth the progress o citizen participation and communityinput as they develop a vision or the community that enhances the quality o li e

or all citizens. ESRI GIS tools help planners analyze problems more quickly andthoroughly, ormulate solutions, and monitor progress toward long-term goals orthe community.

Planning AgenciesGIS is also used at planning agencies to conduct environmental review oprojects; development review, analysis, and compliance; historic preservation;and redevelopment, as well as regional planning, as more planning agenciesseek to coordinate planning e orts to minimize negative impacts on neighboringcommunities. In many cases, planning agencies are also using GIS Web services tocoordinate planning and economic development initiatives.

It is no wonder that ESRIs so tware solutions have been adopted by more planningagencies than any other GIS so tware. By integrating and organizing in ormationspatially, planners can get a broad view o the current situation and more accuratelyassess the uture. GIS so tware can analyze more scenarios more quickly, givingdecision makers more choices.

Urban and Regional Planning Helping Design Tomorrows Cities Today

While you are celebrating GIS DayTMthis November, why not celebrateWorld Town Planning Day, too? Sponsored in the United States by theAmerican Planning Association (APA) and its pro essional institute, theAmerican Institute o Certi ed Planners (AICP), World Town PlanningDay is celebrated in 30 countries on our continents each November. It isa special day to recognize and promote the role o planning in creating

livable communities. This November, plan a joint GIS Day/World TownPlanning Day event within your organization, school, or community!GIS technology combined with responsible planning can help you asa citizen contribute to a sustainable strategy or the uture o yourcommunity. For more details, visitwww.gisday.comand www.planning.org/worldtown/.

World Town Planning Day

GIS planning solutions can be used or

Community-based design and planning

Economic development

Smart growth

Improving the quality o li e

Creating better communities or uturegenerations

Creating livable communities

Planning services

Urban and regional planning

Brown elds redevelopment

Learn more about GIS for planning at www.esri.com/planning .


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E-government is using the Internet and GIS to create more e ective government.The combination o readily available Internet access and maps lets governmentsprovide a new level o service to both businesses and the public. It is makingcollaboration between government agencies possible in new and power ul ways.The strong data integration abilities o GIS let governments truly capitalize on dataexisting in legacy systems.

GIS-enabled Web sites can provide services, such as online mapping, ee payment,and application submission, that were not previously available. Three categories oe-government applications have developed: government to business, government tocitizens, and government to government.

Integrated Web Services and GIS or E-Government

Government-to-business applications typically relate to economic development,land development, licensing, or permitting.

Government-to-citizen applications provide in ormation on government service,such as trash pickup, or streamline the publics interaction with governmentagencies by allowing online payment o ees or providing eedback on land useplans to o icials.

Government-to-government applications improve the amount, quality, andspeed o in ormation exchange among various levels o government and/oragencies and departments within governments. Better communication helpsgovernments use resources more wisely by avoiding duplication o e ort andallows agencies to work together to tackle large-scale planning problems orrespond to emergencies.

Concords WebGIS Internet mapping solution allows users to search for any property in town by address,owner name, or parcel ID. Information, such as

parcel size, zoning, owner name and address, and assessed value, is available.

Xplorer is designed as a simple but functional appli-cation that places special emphasis on the provisionof public access to council and property informa-tion for the benefit of the citizens of Upper Hutt City,

New Zealand.

The U.S. Bureau of Land Management (BLM) uses ArcSDE and ArcIMS for management purposes and to facilitate public participation inthe land use planning process. E-Gov for Planning and National

Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA) project, or ePlanning, is a project initiative that focuses on the delivery of planning informationconsisting of fully integrated text with intelligent and interactive maps and map layers. By doing so, BLM leverages informationtechnology (IT), especially the application of the World Wide Web, tocreate more efficient business practices and encourage an open and collaborative process.


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The tri-county region o Charleston, South Carolina, composedo Berkeley, Charleston, and Dorchester counties, covers about1.7 million acres (almost 10 percent o the states land area). Inthe last 10 years, the region has experienced tremendous urbanexpansion, with 95 percent o the states population growthresulting rom increased coastal access via Interstate 95. Withthe emphasis on attracting more industry and business to boostthe local economy and the states expected population increase

rom 3.5 million to 4.5 million by 2010, local and regionalplanners were interested in balancing the environmentalconcerns o this ragile coastal region with economic needs.

In 1994, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA) o ce o Mission to Planet Earth (MTPE), awardeda research grant (NAGW-4014) to the South Carolina

Department o Natural Resources (SCDNR), the Universityo South Carolina, Georgia Tech Research Institute, and theGeorgia Wildli e Federation (GWF) to use satellite imagery

or studying the rate o development in the metropolitanCharleston area; South Carolina; and Savannah, Georgia. Thegoal o the study was to identi y, document, and communicatethe rate o urban change to support e ective land planningdecisions in the uture.

A ter imagery was selected and compiled, three classes oland coverwater, nonurban, and urbanwere identi ed andveri ed. In the nal 12 classi cation maps, change detectionwas per ormed to identi y urban growth in the coastal zone.

The change data con rmed that urban expansion in the regionincreased 255 percent over the two decades o the study (or6.2 times aster than population growth, which occurred at41 percent), increasing rom 45,150 to 160,232 acres.

Primary growth occurred in residential neighborhoods, nearmajor transportation corridors, and along the prominent riversystems in close proximity to ragile estuarine marshes. Theurban core o the Charleston peninsula saw densi cation obuildings, and the barrier islands expanded with developments

such as resorts, gol courses, and beach ront homes.

Finally, the Berkeley, Charleston, and Dorchester Councilo Governments (BCDCOG) is building on this project bydeveloping a proposal unded under the Transportation andCommunity and System Preservation (TCSP) Program as parto the Transportation Equity Act or the 21st century (TEA-21)to link transportation and other in rastructure and land useplanning.

Benefits

Assists planners in identi ying land use trendsand developable land areas

Provides decision support

Saves time

Promotes enterprise or systemwide use o GISdata and technology

Increases accuracy

Case StudyCharleston, South CarolinaUsing Imagery and GIS for Tracking Urban Growth Along South Carolinas Coast.

The final report and image maps were made available to the publicon a CDROM. The BCDCOG incorporated the imagery and change data into its ArcView database to assist local planners in identifying land use trends and developable land and to create more accurate basemaps. The project successfully produced the first multitemporal image database for use by local and regional planners in the area.


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Benefits

Streamlined business practice work low

Improved collaboration and communicationacross departments

Increased decision support

Increased e iciency

Improved access to government

Improved customer service

According to Spanish law, every city must have aGeneral Urban Management Plan. Such a plan de nes therules or expanding a city and its in rastructure, or buildingreal estate, and or protecting historical areas. A ter assessingits existing plan, the city o Madrid determined that in orderto realistically meet this mandate, they needed an elaboratenew plan.

The methodology o developing the new plan was muchdi erent than the development o the old one. This time,maps used or constructing the plan were to be spatiallydigitized and o ered on CDROM as well as via the Internet.

The city also wanted to improve its customer responsetime. The old system, Public Services, whicho ered detailed city in ormation, could provideconsultation to only three people a day, creating a

backlog in meeting con erence demands.The need to update the old plan was theimpetus or administrators to consider how newtechnical in ormation systems could help. Theadministrators decided to adopt a sophisticatedGIS system that would not only serve theimmediate need o plan development but alsooperate that plan in the next century.

Once the plan was submitted and approved, ithad to be executed. To meet the legal rameworko its scheme, the city needed a GIS that couldupdate in ormation daily and make it availableto more than 20 district o ces. A corporatedatabase was created using ESRIs ArcSDE .ArcIn o was selected to convert in ormationcontained in hundreds o computer-aided design(CAD) les, create topology, and veri y the datasaccuracy.

The database became a repository o vital in ormation thatwas quickly adopted by more than 1,000 users.

While access to in ormation is important in a GIS, it mustalso be unctional in interacting with agencies. This goal wasachieved by developing applications based on Visual Basic ,MapObjects , ArcView , and MapObjects Internet Map Serverapplications or viewing in ormation managed by ArcSDE and

Oracle

. The unctionality o ered to users included viewingand printing thematic maps, zooming in and out, measuringdistances, making queries and selections, and exporting andimporting data to di erent le ormats.

All applications use a continuous map with transparent accessto in ormation contained in maps, tables, and raster les.The user can access the in ormation by linking addresses,map sheets, or the name o a property such as a school or aparticular zoning area.

The city o Madrids plan success ully meets the criteria set bythe General Urban Management Plan law. City o cials workwith geographic data quickly and easily. Spatial visualizationo the city o ers relevant data about the uture. The systemprovides the tools to analyze geographic images such asaerial photographs, cartography, and detail studies. Tools alsoaid in control and inspection work.

The GIS has improved the lives o many o Madrids citizenry.For example, the Public Service o ce reports that it hasvastly improved its customer services. Access to geographicin ormation takes only 10 minutes; thus, its time with clientshas been dramatically reduced.

Case StudyMadrid, Spain Madrid Uses GIS to Meet Government Regulation.

Land Use Model of Madrid


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GIS has expanded rom a niche technology used by specialists to anintegrated in ormation technology used throughout an organization.While the demand or sta who specialize in GIS persists,numerous planning and economic development, communitydevelopment, and public works pro essionals are embracingGIS as a basic tool or conducting their daily business. ESRIsupports both approaches with an array o tools or GISpro essionals per orming geore erenced tasks and thosewho use GIS in many disciplines to improve e ciency andproductivity and centralize in ormation.

Furthermore, many urban, community, and regional planninge orts are so complex that they involve ederal, state, andlocal governments. In this case, GIS is used to acilitate thisprocess across many agencies and departments and thus helpprevent traditional problems o data redundancy anddata currency.

GIS provides the ramework or an integrated workfow across theenterprise or creating, enhancing, and updating GIS databasesthat can be easily shared both within and between organizations.Although GIS applications have been used to manage individualplanning projects or decades, the real bene ts o GIS use can onlybe ully realized by applying GIS across the entire organizationsbusiness workfow.

The ESRI amily o so tware works together to handle the entireworkfow rom data creation to in ormation distribution in anenvironment that supports in ormation technology standardsand interoperability with existing systems. Enterprise GIS, withthe geodatabase, data models, and an array o applications, is

revolutionizing the planning process.

Managing the DevelopmentReview ProcessThe development review process ensures that plans or developmentadhere to ederal, state, and regional requirements as well as protectcitizens rom environmental or public sa ety hazards and supportprogressive economic development. Planning agencies are integratingESRI so tware solutions as a central component in the developmentreview process. The unctionality o ESRIs GIS so tware streamlinesdesign review activities such as mapping, site review,noti cation, analysis, and environmental review. GISintegrates and streamlines processes among di erentdepartments.

ESRIs GIS so tware, the next step in the evolutiono in ormation technology, streamlines thedevelopment review process by sharing data.Using a central in ormation base eliminatesproblems caused by conficting data.

Using GIS to Enhance Business Work low acrossthe Enterprise

By integrating GIS with localgovernment daily business processes,planning staff can

Streamline processes.

Track projects better.

Create an information base.

Perform joint project analysis.

Share information resources.

Reduce redundant datasets.

Increase interdepartmentalcommunication.

Increase efficiency and productivity.

GIS helps share data.

ApplicationSubmission

DepartmentRouting

ApprovedPlanAnalysis

DesignReview

EnvironmentalReview

GIS

Public Works

Enterprise

GIS

HumanServices

Buildingand Safety

CodeEnforcement

Fire

EngineeringPolice

PublicFacilities

Planning


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GIS Supports Planning and the Public ParticipationProcess with Planning Support Systems

Advances in GIS and supporting technologies have led to thedevelopment o decision support systems that acilitate thecommunity planning process. There are several planning supportsystems (PSS) available on the market today to ESRI users. PSSuse indicators and alternative development scenarios to measurethe attributes and per ormance o communities and theirplans. Planning support systems are instrumental to success ulcommunity planning and public participation processes becausethey ocus on the needs and the know-how o users as opposedto ocusing on or requiring a high degree o GIS expertise.

Planning support systems can measure and compareper ormances o di erent planning scenarios according toplanner- or citizen-de ned indicators or land use, transportation,natural resources, and employment, to name a ew. Theultimate goal is to bring together all potential players to workcollaboratively on a common vision or their community.

GIS-based planning support systems allow planners and citizensto quickly and e ciently create and test alternative developmentscenarios and determine their likely impacts on uture land usepatterns and associated population and employment trends, thusallowing public o cials to make in ormed planning decisions.

Three-Dimensional Visualization ToolsCommunity planners, architects, urban designers, and land

use planners are increasingly using three-dimensional visual-ization tools to give citizens and public o cials the ability tovisualize the impact or probable result o urban design proj-ects and proposed land use and zoning changes or envisionthe results o smart growth initiatives. Three-dimensional GIStools acilitate public participation by communicating bothcomplex and simple geographic and man-made phenomena.Three-dimensional visualization tools combined with plan-ning support systems allow the public and decision makersto interactively change or simulate existing and proposedmodeled environments or scenarios.

San Antonios Broadway Corridor was modeled three ways in Smart Growth INDEX : existing conditions, current build-out plan, and

stakeholders alternative build-out plan. The latter emphasizes mixed live/work/shop land uses. The final INDEX report card for the corridor revealed that the stakeholders new proposed plan would create muchbetter conditions than the current plan. In this way, the GIS tool gave

participants rapid, critical feedback on the validity of their work to date and the promise of their future efforts. The catalyst for bringing these

stakeholders together was an offer from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to apply Smart Growth INDEX, a GIS-based planning support tool that EPA is distributing nationally to selected communities.

Like many other small rural communities across North America, Bowen Island in British Columbia, Canada, is feeling the pressures of urban growth, and it is actively exploring new smart growth strategies and integrated planning frameworks for navigating a path for ward.

A key element of this planning framework is the capacity to envisionand assess viable pathways toward community sustainability. Bowen

Island is using CommunityViz TM to support this process of planning and what if analysis through a powerful suite of integrated GIS modeling and landscape visualization tools that provide both context and focus

for community-based decision making.

The compare scenario functionality in What if? TM enabled council

planners from the shire (township) of Hervey Bay, Australia, toundertake visual comparative analysis of alternative urban growth scenarios generated for Hervey Bay 2021. The diagram above illustrates two resultant land use patterns based on different sets of user-specified input values. The No Land Use Controls scenario scatters residential development (shown in magenta) across the shire to areas outside the map window extent. The Land Use Control scenarios concentrate residential development within and around the city of Hervey Bay,

filling in undeveloped land tracts (shown in yellow) and rural urban fringe areas (shown in green).

SiteBuilder 3D is used to visualize the potential development of the Tacoma Dome area. SiteBuilder 3D is used to explore and model different height proposals for the mixed use development,and three-dimensional visuals have been created for specific

proposed developments.


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The city o Murrieta, with a population estimated at 72,000, is located in southwestern RiversideCounty, Cali ornia. The general plan/zoning map provides intricate zoning in ormation to city plan-ners, developers, and the public. The city has a rather unique general plan/zoning map that combinesboth land use and zoning designations to ensure that zoning and general plan internal consistenciescomply with state law.

The maps legend is also unique in that it includes in ormation about the zones, and the zoning colorscheme closely adheres to that suggested by the American Planning Association.* ArcView and HP plotters o er the necessary tools to develop this zoning map.

City o Murrieta General Plan/Zoning

City of Murrieta Planning DivisionMurrieta, Cali ornia, USA

By Jay Seckman

ContactJay Seckman

[email protected]

SoftwareArcView and Windows 2000

HardwareDell Workstation

PrinterHP Designjet 5000

Data Source(s)Riverside County

* For more information on the APA Land-Based Classification Standards (LBCS)and to download the LBCS ArcView legend to use in ArcView and ArcGIS, vis it www.planning.org/lbcs/GIS/.

M a p G a l l e r y


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Founded in 1863, Evanston is located immediately north o Chicago along Lake Michigan with athriving, diverse community o less than 75,000 people within approximately eight square miles.

To regulate the use and development intensity o land, Evanston employs 30 zoning districts, twooverlay districts, and our historic districts. Since 1921, when land within the city was rst placedone o ve districts, the city has relied on black-and-white, hand-drawn maps to display this impoin ormation. Today, Evanstons GIS provides many advantages. Boundaries are more precise, colocommunicates a hierarchy o land use, and map updates and the production o a new map take a

raction o the time to complete. This map is an o cial document o the Zoning Ordinance o o Evanston.

The zoning map is used by a number o people in a number o ways. Residents may use the map a starting point to determine whether a proposed addition to their home meets city code. Developeuse the map to evaluate the development potential o parcels they may be interested in acquiring.City sta members use the map to evaluate the impact o policy decisions at local, neighborhoodcitywide levels.

The zoning map is available in several ormats including 26" x 26" plots, 36" x 36" plots, and PDFdownloads rom the citys Web site. In addition, an ArcIMS application provides an interactive maputilizing similar layers and symbology. The zoning map contains more than 12 geographic layers,including tax parcels, building ootprints, wards, historic districts, and various annotation layers,completely maintained by the GIS Division and stored as ArcSDE eature classes. It represents acollaborative e ort between the GIS Division and the Zoning Division. The Evanston GIS Divisisupports all other city departments with data, maps, Web applications, and geographic analysis.

City of Evanston ZoningCity o Evanston

Evanston, Illinois, USA

By Pat Keegan, Marc Mylott, and Mark Varner

ContactPat Keegan, pkeegan@cityo evanston.org

SoftwareArcIn o, ArcSDE, Microso t Excel, Microso tWord, and Windows 2000

HardwareDell Precision 420 Pentium III Workstation

PrinterHP Designjet 755CM

Data Source(s)City o Evanston GIS

City of Evanston Zoning

M a p G a l l e r y


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Shawnee Hills was platted in the 1920s as a resort shing community on the OShaughnessyReservoir. Lots were small, and utilities were not available. Today, the village is ripe or rapidpopulation growth with the recent provision o sanitary sewer.

The comprehensive land use plan proposed by the Delaware County Regional Planning Commission(DCRPC) includes a one-way street pattern with bikeways and walkways to calm tra c. The plancould enhance the sa ety o narrow streets while retaining their charm. A village square is proposedwith a new village hall as its anchor. To improve active recreation, the acquisition o ve to 10 acresin the northwest corner o the village or a village park is recommended. New commercial uses couldbe approved under the new Select Commercial District, which gives fexibility to the design plan.Access management controls are important to prevent congestion and enhance sa ety on the main

street o the village.The 2001 village comprehensive land use plan map shows the analysis process and therecommendations rom the DCRPC.

Village Comprehensive Land Use Plan

Delaware County RegionalPlanning Commission, OhioDelaware, Ohio, USA

By Da-Wei Liou

ContactDa-Wei [email protected]

SoftwareArcIn o, ArcView, and Windows NT

HardwareDell Precision Workstation 340 Pentium 4

PrinterHP Designjet 755CM

Data Source(s)DCRPC and Delaware County Auditors O fce

M a p G a l l e r y

3D Elevation Model

Aerial Photo


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As part o its Community Preservation Initiative, the state Executive O ce o Environmental A(EOEA) contracted with the 13 Massachusetts regional planning agencies (RPA) and consultantsprovide a build out map and analysis o all 351 cities and towns in the commonwealth. A build oanalysis is a series o GIS-based maps that illustrate a communitys current zoning, the land avai

or development and how it is zoned, and maximum development possible in a particular commui every piece o developable land was developed based on existing local zoning. Accompanyinmaps are projections o the numbers o residents, households, public school students, and water at build out. The analysis is a planning tool that demonstrates development as it could occur i nochanges are made to current zoning, and it helps to stimulate discussion as communities continueto grow. EOEAs watershed team leaders and RPA presented each city or towns build-out analysicity councils and boards o selectmen in all 351 communities.

Absolute Development ConstraintsInterstate 495 Region is the rst in a set o maps or a supsummit held in May 2001 or 27 communities in the Interstate 495 beltway. It displays land alreadeveloped or absolutely constrained. Such constraints may vary rom town to town due to zoninregulations but generally include steep slopes, wetlands, and foodplains. Current regionalizedzoning codes, protected open space, and recent subdivisions are eatured.

Developable Lands and Partial ConstraintsInterstate 495 Region is the second in the set o supsummit maps. It displays land potentially developable, symbolized by a regional zoning classi cation. Massachusetts Geographic In ormation System derived these regional zoning codes to assua standard legend across a state in which the 351 communities zoning codes vary greatly. Formore in ormation on the methodology used in the build out analyses, visit www.state.ma.us/mgibuildout.htm.

Development ConstraintsInterstate 495 RegionMassachusetts Geographic In ormation System(MassGIS) Commonwealth o Massachusetts

Boston, Massachusetts, USA

By Michael Trust

ContactMichael Trust, [email protected]

SoftwareArcView and Windows NT

PrinterHP Designjet 2500CP

Data Source(s)MassGIS and Massachusetts regionalplanning agencies

Massachusetts Geographic In ormation System Build Out Analysis of All 351 Cities and Towns in the Commonwealth

M a p G a l l e r y

Developable Lands and Partial Constraints

Absolute Development Constraints


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The urban planning department o Rostock is using an urban in ormation system to characterize itsstate o development and determine potential planning sites, wasteland, and problem sites.

The our maps are part o a larger process involved in using a GIS to develop an urban quarter. Theyare used as layers to orm larger main categories or data blocks including land use, open space,transportation, and social in rastructure.

The GIS-based analysis has played an essential role or the city in setting goals and developingstrategic plans or a problematic urban corridor. In addition, the in ormation can be continuouslyupdated or urther land use management policies.

PLANIVER

Integrated Urban DevelopmentPlanungsbro r Ingenieurbauwerke undVerkehrsanlagen GmbH (PL ANIVER)

Neubrandenburg, Germany

By Thomas Weber and Ste an Hse

ContactThomas Weber, [email protected]

SoftwareArcView, ArcPress TM, Corel Draw, and Windows NT

HardwarePentium III

PrinterHP Designjet 1050

Data Source(s)Land surveys, aerial photography, and city maps

M a p G a l l e r y

Open Space Register

Transportation Development

Lighting

Supply With General Goods


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The Sumter, South Carolina, CityCounty Planning

Commission has ound that implementing ESRI so tware hasnot only greatly enhanced their workfow process but alsosaved the public signi cant amounts o money.

One o the many responsibilities o the planning commissionis to rule on rezoning petitions led by the public. Previously,the planning commission would use a cumbersome lingsystem to monitor these cases. The GIS Departmentpresented the planning director with a solution that includedArcView and ArcGIS Zoning Analyst. The plan was not onlyto make the business workfows more e cient, but also toprovide the planning director with a spatial re erence oreach case. Recognizing that almost every planning-related

Case StudySumter, South Carolina More Efficient Business Workflow Results in Significant Savings.

Benefits

Increased customer service e iciency

Time saved

Money saved


Improved business work low

case is strongly infuenced by its location, the planning

director decided to implement the ArcView and ZoningAnalyst GIS solution rom ESRI business partner GeographicIn ormation Services, Inc. www.gis-services.com.

The bene ts were quickly apparent. By implementingZoning Analyst to track land use cases, create parcel bu ers,and generate public noti cation letters, the PlanningCommission has reduced its previous e ort by 90 percent.The commission has saved two months o personnel time ina single year, and it provides a more e cient service to bothinternal users and the public.

In addition, the commission ound new uses or GISso tware including using it or an inspection by the National

Flood Insurance Program and toper orm a joint land use study withneighboring Shaw Air Force Base. Inthe National Flood Insurance Programapplication, the GIS Department wasable to identi y and document 2,300properties in the food zone in undera daya process that previously tooksix to eight weeks. This timely processis likely to upgrade the countysCommunity Rating System (CRS) by alevel, which would save the public upto 4 percent on their food insurancepremiums.


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The Division o Land Use Administration or the city o

Richmond, Virginia, replaced a cumbersome manual processwith automated GIS-based map production. AdoptingGIS has not only made the process more e cient but alsomore accurate. As part o the Department o CommunityDevelopment, the division is responsible or amendingthe zoning ordinance and supporting the Board o ZoningAppeals and the Planning Commission. Until recently, adra ting technician created zoning, land use, and MasterPlan maps by accessing data kept in ling cabinets, outdatedpaper maps, and legacy main rames.

Be ore GIS was implemented, property maps werecompiled by an outside vendor and delivered in paper

ormat. Property maps, copied rom the Assessors

keycards, were made at di erent scales. Because eachcity block was recorded on a separate page, a dra tingtechnician had to assemble, copy, and scale a number opages to map an area.

The process or creating zoning maps was equally onerous.The zoning maps, printed on Mylar, had to be sent out orlarge size duplication on paper. These paper copies werehand colored to indicate zoning. I a property was located ator near the edge o a zoning sheet, additional sheets wouldhave to be printed, scaled, and colored. The resulting sheetswould be pieced together manually.

Be ore GIS was used, sta members researched land usecoding values assigned by the Assessors O ce by locatingproperties on a paper map, checking property locations byre erencing property descriptions stored on a main rame,and then cross-re erencing coded values with a moregeneralized scheme kept in a notebook. Finally, eachproperty was hand colored according to existing land use.

The citys Master Plan maps were created using a graphicsprogram so the technician had to photograph the pertinentMaster Plan map to create slides or zoning board meetingpresentations. Because Special Use Permits were not notedon zoning maps, this in ormation had to be researchedusing the divisions card catalog.

With GIS, the dra ting technician can query or a speci c

address, zoom to a desired geographical extent, and quicklycreate a site, zoning, existing land use, or Master Plan landuse map with a date and scale bar. Layers were developed

or parcel, zoning, Master Plan land use, transportation,sur ace parking lots, and the existing land use.

The parcel layer is power ul because its eatures aredirectly linked to the Assessors O ce and Central Addressdatabases. Address, ownership, property values, and land

use in ormation can be accessed directly by clicking on a

parcel without any time-consuming research.The dra ting technician can now query a complete, citywiderepresentation o property boundaries. A ter labelingstreets and properties, the dra ting technician simply turnson the zoning, existing land use, or Master Plan land uselayers and prints any o these maps. Be ore GIS, producinga series o site, zoning, existing land use, and Master Planland use maps took between ve and seven hours. WithGIS, it now takes less than 30 minutes. GIS has reducedthe time needed to complete mapping tasks by more than90 percent, and the result is a better product.

GIS has reduced the time needed to complete mapping tasks bymore than 90 percent, and theresult is a better product.

Case StudyRichmond, Virginia Land Use Mapping Efficiency Increased by 90 Percent

Benefits

Optimized work low and streamlinedbusiness practices


Saved time

Improved access to government

Increased accuracy


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ESRI has solutions that can bedeployed on the desktop, on the Web,or across the enterprise.

ESRI is the leading provider o GIS so tware to land records, assessment, and cadastral agencies worldwide. ArcGIS is the enterprise oun-dation or these agencies. It integrates mapping, surveying, registration, valuation, and public access. These solutions can be deployed onthe desktop, on the Web, or across the enterprise. ESRI products work in an integrated and fexible manner. They provide just the rightso tware or your needs today and can be scaled to meet uture needs.

The ESRI Family o GIS Solutions

ArcGISArcGIS, a amily o so tware comprising a complete GIS, is builton industry standards. Out o the box, it provides rich unc-tionality and the applications in ArcGISArcView, ArcEditor ,ArcIn ocan be con gured to match an organizations needs.Built out o modern object-based components, these so twareprograms share the same core applications, user inter ace, andoperating concepts. ArcGIS is used or the creation, management,integration, analysis, display, and dissemination o spatial data.Strong visualization, editing, and analysis, along with advanced

data management, distinguish the ArcGIS so tware amily as theleading GIS so tware.

ArcView ArcView is designed with an easy-to-use, Windows-like userinter ace and includes Visual Basic or Applications (VBA) to allow

or customization. ArcView consists o three desktop applications:ArcMap, ArcCatalog , and ArcToolbox . Display, query, andanalyze data in ArcMap. Manage, create, and organize geographicand tabular data using ArcCatalog. Use the tools and wizards inArcToolbox to convert data to other ormats.

ArcEditor ArcEditor is a state-o -the-art GIS data visualization, query, andcreation solution. Designed or the Windows desktop, ArcEditorcan create and edit all ESRI-supported vector data ormats includ-ing shape les, coverages, personal geodatabases, and multiusergeodatabases.

ArcInfoArcIn o is the complete GIS data creation, update, query, map-ping, and analysis system. ArcIn o includes the most comprehen-sive collection o GIS tools available. As part o the ArcGIS so t-ware amily, ArcIn o encompasses all the unctionality o ArcViewand ArcEditor and adds the advanced geoprocessing and dataconversion capabilities that make it the de acto standard or GIS.

ArcSDEArcSDE is an application server that acilitates storing andmanaging spatial data (raster, vector, and survey) in a databasemanagement system (DBMS) and makes the data available tomany kinds o applications. ArcSDE allows you to manage spatialdata in one o our commercial databases (IBM DB2, In ormix,Microso t SQL Server, and Oracle). ArcSDE serves data to theArcGIS Desktop products (ArcView, ArcEditor, and ArcIn o) andthrough ArcIMS.

Server GIS

Mobile GIS

ArcPad

Mobile Devices

LightweightViewers

Web Browsers

Network

Desktop GIS

ArcInfo

ArcEditor

ArcView

ArcReader

A r c G I S E x t e n s

i o n s

ArcSDEArcGIS Server ArcIMS

ESRI Developer Network (EDN)

Developer GIS

DBMSXMLFiles

Geodatabase

ArcWebSM Services

GIS Web Services

ArcGIS Server ArcGIS Server is a comprehensive plat orm or deliveringenterprise GIS applications that are centrally managed andsupport multiple users. ArcGIS Server provides the rameworkto build and deploy centralized GIS applications and services tomeet a variety o needs using a variety o clients.


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ArcGIS Extensions

ArcGIS extensions operate seamlessly with ArcGIS Desktop products to provideadditional unctionality on demand. The ability to incorporate task-speci c data andanalysis and display capabilities within a consistent inter ace signi cantly reducestraining, operating, and acquisition costs. O the many available, the extensionsdescribed here o er unctionality that is especially use ul or land records management.

ArcGIS Survey AnalystArcGIS Survey Analyst brings survey-quality data into the GIS environment.Developed jointly by ESRI and Leica Geosystems, this new extension toArcGIS allows surveyors and GIS technicians to work in a truly collaborativemanner in a uni ed environment. Users can manage survey measurementsin ArcCatalog as a survey dataset.

With ArcGIS Survey Analyst, a new data typesurvey dataallowssurveyors and engineers to build a survey in ormation system withinArcGIS. ArcGIS Survey Analyst uses industry-standard computations andadjustment procedures to resolve the locations o eatures. Computationsresolve and adjust survey measurements into a completed survey withcoordinates computed or the survey points. Any survey point that has acorresponding identi able GIS eature in a GIS layer can be used to edit aGIS eature.

This improves spatial quality and also allows or heads-up digitizing byselecting survey points that de ne the location, size, and shape o newGIS eatures interactively rom the screen.

In ArcGIS Survey Analyst, new surveys can be added and newcomputations per ormed on existing survey points. The coordinates osurvey points can change as new data is added or new procedures andequipment are used to better de ne survey point locations. This data cancome rom multiple sources such as digital data les rom survey collectors(e.g., Total Stations); notes and measurements contained in a survey

eld book; or measurements rom map manuscripts, legal documents,and maps.

This provides opportunitiesto build multiuse surveydatasets within themeasurement database,

adding value to the volumeso survey data collected,managed, and maintainedby surveying and engineering

rms. The bottom lineGIStechnicians, practitioners,and managers have a tool orimproving the qualityo GIS data.

ArcGIS 3D Analyst TM Three-dimensional datavisualization and topographic analysis

ArcScan TM for ArcGISConverts raster scans of parcel maps into vector-based geodatabase feature classes. ArcPress for ArcGIS helps produce high-quality maps quickly.

ArcGIS Spatial AnalystAdvanced spatial analysis using raster and vector data to model the influence of location-specific data on value

ArcGIS Survey Analyst

ArcGIS Geostatistical AnalystStatistical tools for data exploration, modeling, and advanced surface creation


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19/20

ESRI has been the world leader in the GIS so tware industry ormore than 35 years. As the leader in GIS technology, ESRI o ersinnovative solutions or the desktop, Internet, and eld that willhelp you create, visualize, analyze, and present in ormation moreclearly so that you can make better decisions.

Working with location in ormation, ESRIs GIS so tware andsolutions give you the power to solve the problems youencounter every day. Organizations around the world, as wellas local, state, and ederal government agencies, are using ESRIGIS so tware to make smart and timely decisions. ESRI providespower ul GIS solutions to more than 300,000 clients in morethan 220 countries. In act, ESRI leads the industry in providingmapping technology that meets todays global needs.

ESRI has continued to make major investments in thedevelopment and implementation o open GIS standards and

interoperability to meet the needs o users or a distributed,multipurpose GIS that works in the larger IT community. The goalis to create one in rastructure that works everywhereacross allplat orms and technologies and on all types o devices. ESRI GISsolutions help unlock the spatial component o your data andallow you to see your organizations in ormation rom anew perspective.

ESRI Bringing GIS to the World


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Copyright 2006 ESRI. All rights reserved. ESRI, the ESRI globe logo, MapObjects, ArcPress, ArcScan, ArcExplorer, GIS Day, ArcView, ArcIMS,ArcIn o, ArcEditor, ArcSDE, ArcGIS, ArcPad, 3D Analyst, ArcMap, ArcCatalog, ArcToolbox, Maplex, ArcReader, @esri.com, ArcWeb, andwww.esri.com are trademarks, registered trademarks, or service marks o ESRI in the United States, the European Community, or certain other

Australiawww.esriaustralia.com.au

Belgium/Luxembourgwww.esribelux.com

Bulgariawww.esribulgaria.com

Canada

www.esricanada.comChina (Beijing)

www.esrichina-bj.cn

China (Hong Kong)www.esrichina-hk.com

Finlandwww.esri- nland.com

Francewww.esri rance. r

Germany/Switzerlandwww.esri-germany.de

www.esri-suisse.ch

Hungarywww.esrihu.hu

Indiawww.esriindia.com

Indonesia/Malaysia62-21-527-1023603-7874-9930

Italywww.esriitalia.it

Japanwww.esrij.com

Koreawww.esrikr.co.kr

Netherlands

www.esrinl.comPoland

www.esripolska.com.pl

Portugalwww.esri-portugal.pt

Romaniawww.esriro.ro

Singaporewww.esrisa.com

Spainwww.esri-es.com

Sweden

www.esri-sweden.comThailand

www.esrith.com/indochina

United Kingdomwww.esriuk.com

Venezuelawww.esriven.com

For more than 35 years, ESRI has been helping people manage and analyze geographic in ormation. ESRI o ers aramework or implementing GIS technology in any organization with a seamless link rom personal GIS on the desktop

to enterprise-wide GIS client/server and data management systems. ESRI GIS solutions are fexible and can be customized tomeet the needs o our users. ESRI is a ull-service GIS company, ready to help you begin, grow, and build success with GIS.

International O fces

ESRI

380 New York StreetRedlands, Cali ornia92373-8100, USA

Telephone: 909-793-2853Fax: 909-793-5953

For more in ormationon ESRI, call

1-800-447-9778(1-800-GIS-XPRT)

or contact an ESRI value-added

reseller near you.

Send e-mail inquiries to

in [email protected]

Visit ESRIs Web page at

www.esri.com

Corporate

Outside the United States,contact your local ESRI distributor.For the number o your distributor,

call ESRI at 909-793-2853,ext. 1-1235,

or visit our Web site atwww.esri.com/international

Regional O fces

ESRI-Minneapolis651-454-0600ESRI-Olympia

360-754-4727ESRI-Boston978-777-4543

ESRI-Cali ornia909-793-2853ext. 1-1906

ESRI-Denver303-449-7779 ESRI-San Antonio

210-499-1044

ESRI-Charlotte704-541-9810

ESRI-Washington, D.C.703-506-9515

ESRI-St. Louis636-949-6620 ESRI-Philadelphia

610-644-3374

ESRI-New York City212-349-3700

Documents

Gis Sols for Urban Planning