Gioi thieu Nhat Ban

8/14/2019 Gioi thieu Nhat Ban

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Nara, C c knh v duyn dng.Nara (, Nara-shi), l th ph ca tnh Nara, thuc vng Kansai, gnKyoto. Theo thng k nm 2003, thnh ph Nara c dn s l 364.869ngi vi mt 1.724 ngi trn 1 km2. Din tch tan thnh ph l211,6 km.Cc thnh ph kt ngha vi Nara trn th gii gm Gyeongju kinh cca vng quc Silla thuc min Nam Hn Quc, Trng An kinh cca nh ng ti Trung Hoa, Toledo th ca Ty Ban Nha thi Trungc, Versailles cung in ni ting nc Php v Canberra th ncc.T Osaka, ta c th ti Nara bng xe bus hoc tu JR (Japanese Rail), chai phng tin ny u i mt khang mt ting ri ti nh gaKintetsu. T ta nn dng xe bus, kh r v tin li, ti Cng vinNara, trung tm thnh ph. Ti y, ta c th i b thng lm huht cc danh thng ca thnh ph.Cng vin Nara (Nara Koen) l mt cng vin rng trung tm Nara, xydng vo nm 1880. Ni y cha hu ht nhng thng cnh ca Nara

nh Cha Tdaiji, n Kasuga Taisha, Cha Kofukuji v Bo tng Quc giaNara, mt bo tng tp trung v s nhng su tp v ngh thut Phtgio. y cng l ni ca hng trm con hu hoang d t do langthang. Theo Thn o Shinto, hu c xem l s gi ca cc thn linh,do nhng con hu Nara tr thnh biu tng ca thnh ph vthm ch c ng k thnh Ti sn Quc gia. L hu c t dolang thang khp cng vin, c l cng nh phn ca chng gm nhiu htnh nh u ngn tay, kh v khng dnh bt, khng hi lm v c ccnhn vin lin tc qut dn.Lai c sn bnh tri ni ting nht ca Nara l shika-senbei, c bybn khp mi gc ph v ti mi dy bn lu nim. Tuy nhin xin bnng th n bnh, shika-senbei c ngha l bnh xp bt go dnh chohu n! (shika l con hu, senbei hay senbei l lai bnh xp bt go

c sn ca Nht). Mt s con hu t ti trnh iu luyn, tcbit qu xung xin bnh ca khch du lch! Hu Nara chy khp nitheo du khch i n senb, i khi lng hnh qu mc, quy nhiumi ngi, lm bn tr con khc tang v cc c gi ht vang v s.Ngoi bnh senbei, c mt mn c sn a phng khc l Kakinohazushi, tc sushi cun l hng, vn c ngun gc t vng Yoshino lncn. Yamato-cha l mt c sn khc ca Nht, tc l nc tr xanh, vhi cht, ung mt rt kht trong ci nng ca ma h thng Chn Nht. Ti Nht, ti thy th nc tr ny, ng vo chai nha 500 ml nhnc ngt, cn ph bin hn c Coca Cola.NGUN GC TN GI NARA

C mt huyn thai ph phng v ngun gc tn gi ca thnh phNara rt ph bin i vi ngi dn Triu Tin, cho rng t Nara xutpht t cch pht m tng t ca t quc gia trong ting Triu Tin.Tuy nhin, iu ny thiu thuyt phc do y l mt t trong ting TriuTin hin i v t c cn c lch s no bit c ngn ng c Baekjethc t ra sao vo thi k Nara c hnh thnh. Hu ht cc nh nghincu lch s v ng vn u cho rng tn gi ca thnh ph bt ngun tting Nht nadaraka (), vn c ngha l mt vng t bngphng.


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I NT V LCH S HNH THNH NARA

Thi k Yayoi: cc cng c bng c i cng cc vt dng t nungthuc thi k Jomn c tm thy trong phm vi thnh ph Nara; tuynhin, vic pht hin nhng di ch thuc thi k Yayoi trong cc khu vcca thnh ph nh ti khu Saki, khu Kashiwagi, khu Suruga, v khu

Kubonosh lm ngi ta tin rng cc ngi lng ny c xy dngtrn cc vng t ph hp cho vic trng la.Thi k Kofun: Trong th k th t, nhiu gia tc c nh hng v quynlc li nhng lng m s ti lng cho Yamato. Trong , hngmnh nht l gia tc Wani, sau ny i tn thnh gia tc Kasuga v cbit mnh m trong khu vc quanh thnh ph Nara cho ti cui th kth su l mt nhm gm gia tc ya v Ono. Mt th tc c quyn lckhc, c tr min Ty Bc thnh ph Nara l gia tc Hijikata, sau nyni ting di tn gi th tc Sugawara.Thi k Nara: vo nm 710 (nm Wad th 3), kinh c di tFujiwara-ky Asuka v Heij-ky ti Nara, tr thnh kinh c nh utin trong lch s Nht Bn (trc , Thin hong tng di n hn

60 ln!). Trong vng 70 nm sau , Heij-ky tr thnh kinh v cngthnh vng ca nc Nht c. Thnh ph ny ta lc trn khu vc rng4.3 km t ty sang ng v 4.8 km t bc xung nam cng thm mt khuvc rng 1.5 km t ng sang ty v 2.4 km t bc xung nam nm vpha ng thnh ph, tn gi l Geky (hay Kinh Bn ngoi). Thnhph ny, rc r vi nhng cung in tuyt p, nhng ngi cha v dinhc qu tc, c chia mt cch c ch ch thnh tng khu bi con phchnh, Suzaku-ji, v nhng con ph ln nh khc. Trong , ph chnhSuzaku-ji chy t Heij-ky thng xung hng nam xuyn qua trungtm thnh ph. Bn quy hach quy m ln ny c cho l sao chpTrng An, kinh ca nh ng bn Trung Hoa. Vo nh cao ca thik ny, kinh Nara c dn s vo khang 100.000 ngi cng thm rtnhiu khch vng lai t cc vng quc khc, bao gm c nh ng.

Chnh c dn thi k ny to nn s thng hoa ca vn ha thi kTempy.Nhng tu vin Pht gio khng l c dng ln ti kinh mi ny vmau chng to c th lc trong triu chnh. Nm 784, Thin hongKammu buc phi di t Heijo-kyo (Nara) v Nagaoka v ri chuynti Heian-kyo (Kyoto) nhm bo v v th ca thin hang v triu nh,that khi nh hng can thip ln cng vic triu chnh ca cc ngicha y th lc ti Nara. Ti Kyoto, kinh tip tc tn ti trong suthn mt ngn nm.Mt c im ca Nara v thi k Heian l s suy tn dn dn ca nhngnh hng t Trung Hoa, tuy chng vn cn tc ng rt mnh m. Nhiukin thc t nc ngai mang v ti thi ny dn c Nht ha. Mtv d c th l ph bin cho tng lp bnh dn, nhiu trung tm hnhchnh c thnh lp h tr h thng chnh quyn vn c saochp t m hnh ca Trung Hoa. Trong ngh thut cng vy, nhngkhuynh hng bn a mau chng tr nn ph bin. S pht trin ca hk t Kana gip hnh thnh nn vn hc Nht Bn. Rt nhiu bn kinhPht va c nhp t Trung Hoa trong thi Heian cng c Nhtha. iu ny th hin kh r trong kin trc: cc cha Nara cng sdng h u-cng nh Trung Hoa, nhng kt hp kh nhun nhuyn vinhng tiu chun Nht Bn, vt liu Nht Bn v khng gian Nht Bn.


3/17

Sau khi Heian-ky b di i: Sau khi kinh b di v Kyto, ph tchHeij-ky nhanh chng tr thnh rung la. Tuy nhin, hu ht nhngngi cha ln u cn li nguyn vn, cho php Nara tip tc tn ti tronglch s nh mt thnh ph s hu v s n cha. Khi u l s chnhng nh hng ca cha Kfuku-ji, k l cha Tdai-ji v Gang-ji,thnh ph thc s tr thnh mt thnh ph lch s, bin Nara tr thnh

nh ngy nay.Cuc tn cng ca lnh cha Heike (th tc Taira): Trong cuc tn cngca th tc Taira nm 1180 (nm Jish th 4), cng trnh Daibutsu-den(i Pht in, ni t bc tng Pht khng l) b thiu ri v Nara gn nh b tiu hy. Tuy nhin, khng lu sau, cha Tdai-ji v Kfuku-jic xy li v th trn Nara li c ti thit xinh p nh xa. Vi rtnhiu ngi lng tn ti trong khu vc ny t cui th k 13 v nh cs pht trin vng vng ca nn thng mi v tiu th cng nghip,Nara n r thnh mt kinh th hai, bn cnh Kyoto, cho ti khi nb qua mt do s pht trin ca Sakai vo cui th k 15. Dn dn, nhngngi lng mi c thnh lp, v ti u th k 16, c 200 lng yvi dn s tng cng l 25.000 ngi. Cng thi gian ny, hng bng

qua ty trng ca Nara v hng ng thau ca Nishinoky tr thnhth hng rt cao gi ti Kyto, trong khi nhng sn phm khc ca Naranh gm, sn mi, qut nan cng bp b th c xut rt nhiu vSakai.Ln th hai tai ha xy n vi pho tng Pht khng l: nm 1560 (nmEiroku th 3), Hisahide Matsunaga cho xy lu i Tamon trn niMikenji-yama. y l ln u tin trong lch s Nara b cai tr bi mtchin binh. By nm sau, trn c chin gia Hisahide v lnh cha vngMiyoshi lan ti Nara v Daibutsu-den (i Pht in LTD) mt ln na bthiu ri. Tuy nhin ln ny n lc phi hp ca tan th c dn ca thtrn Nara gip gii hn bt nhng thit hi gy ra bi cuc chin, vmau chng mi ngi lng trong vng cng chung sc khi phc liNara.

Thi k Edo: Trong thi k Edo, Nara c a vo mt lnh a nmdi quyn cai tr trc tip ca quan tng c do triu nh Mc ph ctc. Tt c nhng th dn cao tui c uy tn u c chn nhn mtchc v t quan tng c ca Mc ph ng ra iu hnh th trn.Trong mt cuc thng k dn s tin hnh vo cui th k 17, trong tt cth x lng mc trong khu vc c tng cng l 35.000 dn. Vo u thik Edo, Nara n r vi nhng mt hng cao cp nh l bng trng cngnh ru sake, ms en, o gip v m tr, gm v qut, bin Narathnh mt th trn th cng nghip.google

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4/17

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Khi u thi k Minh tr: T gia thi kEdo, Nara ni ting l mt th trn dulch. Nhng qua thi Minh Tr, Nara bcvo thi gian tr tr. S ban b Haibutsu-kishaku (bi b Pht gio v nhng li gingca Shaka chuyn v cao Thn onh Quc o) nh hng ln tt c nhngngi cha ln. Rt nhiu cha b gii tn vthm ch ngi thp nm tng ca chaKofukuji cn b chun b em rao bn. Tuy

nhin, ti nm 1871, mt o lut nhmbo v nhng di sn lch s qu gi cban b. Nh , gi tr ca nhng ngi chac v cc tng Pht dn dn c nhnnhn.Cng vi vic ban b Haihan-chiken (ktthc h thng Hn hc v thit lp h thngcai tr kiu phng Ty) nm 1871 (nmMinh Tr th 4), tng trn Nara nm tan
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5/17

quyn iu hnh vng Yamato, v mt trs chnh quyn do Trung ng thnh lpc dng ln Nara. Tuy nhin, ti nm1876 (nm Minh Tr th 9), trn Nara b bib, v vng Yamato, tip theo sau Sakai, bst nhp vo trn Osaka. Chuyn ny rtbt li cho Nara, khi n va c c c hi hi sinh khi tr thnh ni t tr s chnhquyn.Nm 1887 (nm Minh Tr th 20), trn Narac ti lp v tr s li c chuyn vNara, gip hi sinh th trn. Hai nm sau,khi chnh quyn t tr c thit lp, vngny qua kho st cho thy rng dn skhng tr thnh mt thnh ph. Cuicng, vo nm 1898 (nm Minh Tr 31), thch thnh ph bit bao mong ch cchp thun. iu ny em ti y ng

xe la ni vi Osaka v Kyoto, cc cng tyv ngn hng c xy dng, vic han ttcng vin Nara c th c tip tc, vNara thc s bt u tr thnh mt trungtm hnh chnh. Di gc hin i ha,thnh ph Nara c th bc vo thi kpht trin vng bn.Tm li, tuy ch gi vai tr kinh ca NhtBn trong mt thi gian ngn (t 710 ti784), Nara vn c c ti 8 cng trnh cUNESCO cng nhn l Di sn Th gii, trong ni ting nht l cha Todaiji, chaKofukuji v n Kasuga-Taisha.

CHA TDAI-JI (NG I T ), DI SN VN HA TH GII

Todai-ji, mt qun th cha Pht, c xyt nm 743 v hon thnh nm 751, trongmt vng chia thnh 64 khu thuc phnpha ng ca Nara. y chnh l thi imnh hng ca Pht gio ang nh cao,gi vai tr quc o. Cha tr thnh mttrong nhng ngi cha lu i v ni tingbc nht, ng thi l mt thng cnh tuytvi ca Nht Bn.

Trong thi k Tempyo, nhn dn phi chung rt nhiu thin tai v dch bnh. Nm685, Thin hang Temmu h ch rng migia nh trn khp t nc u phi lptrong nh mt bn th Pht. Ngi k vng, Thin hang Shomu, cn i xa hnna. Ngi h ch rng mi tnh ca Nhtu phi xy dng mt ngi cha chnh an kt thng nht tan quc. Hai nm


6/17

sau, nm 743, ngi ra lnh cho xy dngcha Todai-ji, ngi cha trung tm ca tanci Nht Bn, cu k lng ly v s nht.ng thi, ngi ban hnh mt sc lnh theo ngi dn phi c ra mt pho tngPht, vi nim tin su sc rng quyn nngca c Pht c th che ch cho mi ngi.Phi chng, bn thn ci tn ng i T th hin tham vng ca Thin hang, munxy dng mt trung tm Pht gio ti phang snh ngang cng Ty Tng?

Tng th cha Todai-ji qua nh chp v tinh

Nandaimon (Nam i Mn) ca Todai-ji(ng i T). Xy dng t nm 1199 theo

ng hnh dng nh ngy nay. Cng c 18ct chng, mi chic cao 20 m vi ngknh hn 1m.

Tng g H php Nio (Thn st h php)ng hai bn ca Nandaimon (Nam imn). Mi tng c chiu cao gn 8 mt,tui th trn 800 nm, c tc khc bingi th chm g bc thy Unkei. [Chicli thp pha trc l ngn chim v di].Tng c ghp bi 3.115 mnh g.

Trung Mn (Chumon)

n bng ng hnh bt gic (HakkakuToro), c thi tng c m vng, niting do nhng iu khc trn cc mt n.C t thi Tempyo (701-794).

Tng Pht nit tnh bng g.Theo truyn thuyt, c n 420.000 ngicng tin v 2.180.000 ngi tham gia xydng cha. Bn thn bc tng i Pht ldo mt ngh s n t vng quc Baekje,Triu Tin, thit k. Con s ngi tham giaxy cha tng ng gn mt na dn sNht Bn thi k , c l l qu phngi. Theo nhng tnh tan ngy nay, qutrnh xy dng Todai-ji cn n 1.665.000ngy cng, vn l mt s ht sc khng l.


7/17

Bc tng Daibutsu (i Pht) bc tngPht bng ng m vng ln nht th gii nm trong mt cng trnh lm han tanbng g Daibutsu-den (i Pht in).Trong khun vin cha, tri di 1 cy stheo sut trc Bc-Nam v ng-Ty tnh ti Pht in l hng lat cng trnh khc,gm cc in v kho bu, trong c bycng trnh l Di sn Quc gia. L mt trongnhng ngi cha c ln nht Nht Bn,Todaiji cng s hu v s bu vt vn havi hn 20 pho tng Pht v tc phmngh thut c xp lai Di sn Quc gia.Qun th nguyn gc bao gm c hai ngithp by tng cao 100 m, c l l ngi thpcao nht th gii thi k . Nhng ngithp ny ngy nay u b ng t phhy hon ton.

Todai-ji nhn t trn caoTng i Pht c c vo nm 749 vhon thnh nm 751, tiu th ht tan bsn lng ng ca nc Nht sn xut ratrong sut nhiu nm tri v khin nn kinht t nc gn nh sp . Mt i l ct chc vo nm sau , khi nhng conngi mt c v ln pho tng i Pht.Pho tng sau c sa cha v c linhiu ln do nhiu nguyn nhn khc nhaunh ng t lm h hi, hay do cha phi

xy li sau khi b hai ln ha han do khila chin tranh vo nhng nm 1180 v1567; thm ch c ln u tng b gyri xung t. Chic b tng cn li ngynay c nin i t th k th 8, trong khicc phn pha trn, bao gm c chic u,thc ra phn ln c c li vo nasau ca th k 12. Tai ha cng tngging xung ngi in ln, nht l do khila ca chin tranh. Sau ln ngi in bchy vo na sau ca th k 16, tng iPht phi ng ngai tri trong sut mt

th k cho ti nm 1692, khi ngi in iPht nh ta thy ngy nay c xy.

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8/17


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Kch thc ca tng i PhtTng chiu di thn : 30 mtChiu cao tng ngi : 15 mtChiu cao tnh c phn b tng : 17 mtPhn u cao : 5.33 mtMt : 1.02 mtMi : 0.5 mt

Tai : 2.54 mtDa theo th tch c, tng gm 40 phn ghp, c t 443tn ng, 7,560 kg sp ong tinh khit ( hn), 440 kgvng rng v 198 kg thy ngn. Tng Pht c b tc khc o, trng tc nh nhng vng xon c, bao gm 966hnh cu c ng knh 18 cm v nh cao khi u 30 cm.To thnh vng ho quang bao quanh pha trn u tngl nhng tng Quan m B Tt m vng rc r.
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9/17

Thanked 164 Times in 72Posts

i Pht inNgi i Pht in nguyn bn c han thnh nm 751,c chiu cao 48m, kch thc mt bng 50m x 88m (7 nhptheo hng Bc-Nam v 11 gian theo hng ng-Ty).

Ln xy dng sa cha gn nht ca i Pht in l vonm 1709, trng vn rt n tng vi hnh dng ging nhnguyn bn ban u, c b ngang thu ngn bt mt phnba so vi bn gc. Ngy nay, in c chiu cao 48 mt,mt bng ch nht 56m x 50m, l cng trnh g ln nhtth gii. y l mt v d rt c th ca nhng ngi chav i mang tnh biu tng xut hin vo thi Nara vikch thc v kinh ph xy dng khng l c xy tronglng thnh ph. D c kch thc s nh vy, ngi tavn cho rng i Pht in cn cha rng cha photng. Bn trong ngi in ngy nay, khch tham quanphi rt cht vt khi tm khang rng cn thit ngm

nhn c tan b pho tng.Qun th bao gm khng ch i Pht in, m cn c haingi thp 7 tng, mt ging vin v khu tnh x. Mt dyhi lang bao quanh i Pht in tng t nh thit kmt bng ca qun th cha Horyu-ji ni ting. Tan bqun th i xng ng i tri di theo trc Bc Nam,i qua Nam i Mn (Nandaimon), Trung Mn (Chumon),i Pht in (Daibutsu-den) v ging vin. Rt nhiucng trnh lch s, bao gm Shs-in (Kho bu Hang gia) ni cha kho bo vt ca Thin hang Shomu, cng nmcnh khun vin ngi cha khng l ny.

Tng Komoku-Ten, v H php trn pha Nam, nm bntrong i Pht in. Pho tng cm trong tay mt chicbt lng v mt cun giy, th hin tng trng ca mtbn sao kinh Pht.

Pha sau i in, c mt chic ct ln vi phn ct cmt ci l ln xuyn qua. Ci l ny c xem l c cngkch thc vi l mi ca bc tng i Pht. Nu bn chuiqua c ci l, bn s lun tm c nim vui v hnh

phc trong cuc i.Ngy 20 thng Nm 1994, Lin hoan m nhc quc t TheGreat Music Experience c t chc ti Todaiji, di s htr ca UNESCO. Cc ngh s tham gia gm c Dn nhcGiao hng Tokyo, nhm X Japan v INXS, cc ca s BonJovi, Bob Dylan, Hotei Tomoyasu, Roger Taylor, nhm cctay trng c truyn Nht Bn v mt dn ng ca ca ccnh s Pht. Bui biu din c truyn thanh trc tiptrong cc ngy 22 v 23 thng Nm nm 1994 ti 55 qucgia trn khp th gii. Tht khng c cch no kho lohn qung b hnh nh vn ha ngh thut ca mt


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quc gia, kt hp hi ha gia khoa hc k thut hin ivi cc yu t vn ha lch s c sc v lu i.

_in Nigatsu-do (Nigatsu-do: thng Hai). Xy dng nm752, c xy li vo nm 1667 sau mt trn ha han.

T trn sn in nhn xung di lng cho Nara, ta c thquan st bao qut tan b cnh quan hng v v sinh ngvi hng chc ngi cha, thp ln nh. _

Trc khi bc vo mt cng trnh tn gio, theo truynthng lu i, ngi Nht lun t vi nc ra tay, scming cng cng.

Cnh vi nc ra tay sc ming nh vy, pha trn inNigatsu-do, c mt tm bng ghi dng ch: ngh

khng nn ung nc v mi tn ch vo nh trong. Thra y l ni cho du khch ngh chn min ph, c ging,gh ngi, nc nng lnh, l si, qut, nh v sinhKhch c th ung nc nhng phi t ra vi nc ra lyp tr li ch c.

Lin Hoa in, cng trnh c tui th lu i nht ca cqun th. Mt s b phn ca in c t th k th 8, d tng tri qua mt cuc sa cha ln nm 1199.X hi Nht Bn vo gia th k 8 SCN t ti trnh phong kin tp quyn pht trin kh cao. Chiu theo chmt duy nht mt c nhn Thin hang, c nc Nht rng

rng bt tay vo xy dng mt cng trnh kin trc v i,han tan xng tm vi cc kim t thp ni ting ca AiCp c i. Mt hin tng tng t cha tng xy ratrong sut chiu di lch s Vit Nam. D xt di bt cgc v nhn quan no, iu ny cng ng chng tasuy ngm. Ngy nay, kin trc Todai-ji, han ho c v kthut xy dng ln thm m kin trc, l mt biu tngxng ng cho tinh thn v tr tu Nht Bn.N KASUGA TAISHA ()

Nm cnh Todai-ji l Kasuga Taisha, mt kin trc tn gioquan trng khc ca Nara. Cng trnh chnh ca n cxy dng nm 768, nhng ngi ta tin rng n th vntht ra c t u thi Nara. Kasuga Taisha l ngi nni ting nht Nara. n c thnh lp ng thi vi thnh v th v thn bo tr cho thnh ph ny. Nm tipha Ty ca chn ni Mikasa v Kasuga, ni c coi lnhng ngn i thing, ni xut thn ca v thn KasugaTaisha, vn c th tc Fujiwara (th tc quyn lc nhtNara v trong sut thi k Heian) th phng. Do , nnhn c s bo tr ca th tc Fujiwara v Hi ng


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Hang gia.C bn ngi n nm trong khun vin Kasuga Taisha, thcc v thn khc nhau, bo tr cho th tc cm quynFujiwara. Kin trc ca n Kasuga c gi l phongcch Kasuga hay Taisha-zukuri do hnh dng c o cab mi lp bng v cy bch. n c cc dy hnh langsn mu son rc r, xung quanh v bn trong n ckhang 2.000 chic n bng v 1.000 n bng ng,c cng tng t th k 11 cho ti nay. Bao quanh bimt khu rng xanh r rm rp, ngi n c mt dng v vcng tao nh c o. Ngi n chnh, vn khng h thayi sut t xa n nay, hi ha mt cch tuyt vi vithin nhin xung quanh, phng pht hnh nh nhng ngin gia thi c i Nht Bn. Ngay khi ta bc quachic cng Torii v lt vo khu t ca n th, ta s cdo bc trn mt li mn tuyt p, hai bn l dng dchng ngn chic n . n Kasuga Taisha rt ni tingnh v s n treo v n do nhng tn hin tng.

Nhng chic n treo bng ng bn trong n v hngtrm cy n tri di dc li vo n c thp sngvo dp L hi n t chc vo thng Hai v thng Tm.

n Kasuga Taisha c xp hng l mt trong ba ngin th Thn o quan trng nht Nht Bn. Theo nghi l

Thn o Nht bn, cc n th thng xuyn b tho gv xy li c 20 nm mt ln ty u, gi cho lun tinhsch. Kin trc nh ngy nay chng ta thy l cng trnhc xy li vo nm 1893. Mc d y ng ra l ngin Kasuga th 57 c xy, kin trc ny vn da chnhxc trn mu nguyn thy, mt v d c th tuyt vi choli kin trc Nht th k th 8.

n Kasuga c bao quanh bi mt cng trnh ni tingkhc l Vn Thc vt Manyo vn thc vt u tin tiNht Bn. Vi trn 300 lai thc vt c sp t kho lo,khu vn ny to ngun cm hng cho v s tc phmvn hc c in Nht Bn.

T xa ti nay, n Kasuga Taisha vn ni ting l ni dinra nhng l hi ko di sut nm, v d nh KasugaWakamiya on Matsuri, khi tt c nhng n lng treodc cc hnh lang v nhng n dc li i b u cthp sng. n Kasuga Taisha cng l ni t chc l Obon


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(l rm thng 7 m lch) hng nm L hi Mantoro.Trong hi l c lch s 800 nm ny, hng ngn cy n v n treo c thp sng bi nhng ngi tham gianhm tng nh vong linh t tin ca mnh.google

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01-01-2008, 10:38 AM#4

yUkj_nO_hAnANinja CHA KOFUKU-JI (C PHC T )

Kin trc c sc th ba ca kinh Nara l cha Kofuku-ji, mt Di sn Vnha Th gii. Cha Kofuku-ji l mttrong Tht i t ca Nara, cvit ti trong tc phm bt h Truyn
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Thanked 164 Times in 72 Posts

Genji ca n s Murasaki. Kofuku-ji lcha bn tc ca th tc y quyn lcFujiwara v l mt trong nhng ngicha hng u ca tng phi Hosso.Cng vi vic thit lp kinh mi tiHeijo-kyo (Nara) vo nm Wado th ba(710 SCN), cha Umayasaka (xy nm669 SCN) c chuyn t Asuka Kyoto ti ch mi v i tn thnhKofuku-ji. Theo dng thi gian, cha tng 5 ln b ha han thiu ri vcng 5 ln c xy li ngay sau .Ngi cha ngy nay l bn sao chnhxc ca nguyn gc, c xy li vonm 1426.Thp Gojunoto (ngi thp nm tng)ca cha Koufuku-ji chnh l biu tngca Nara. Thp cao 50 m, theo phong

cch thp Trung Hoa, l ngi thp caoth hai Nht Bn, ch ng sau thpcha Toji Kyoto. Thp ny cng c xp hng di sn quc gia. Ngithp gc vn c xy trong thiTenpyo nhng qua nm thng n bhy hai bi nhiu yu t. Ngi thpngy nay c xy trong thiMuromachi. Do ngi thp nm tng cth trng thy c t mi hng, nthng c dng im mc chomi ngi khi lc ng, trong gcnhn t h Sarusawa l p nht.

Thp GojunotoK t khi Cha Kfuku-ji c t dis bo tr ca th tc Fujiwara, vicxy dng cc in ca n u ciu hnh bi cc hang v nhang, khin Kfuku-ji c th tip tcpht trin nh hng ca mnh di siu hnh trc tip ca triu nh. Sauthi k Heian, rt nhiu cng trnh cacha b thiu chy. Tuy nhin, vi sphc hi ca th tc Fujiwara, nhngcng trnh y mau chng c xydng li cng thi k. nh caoquyn lc ca th tc Fujiwara, chagm tng cng trn 150 cng trnh.Theo nh Truyn Heike, cc thy tu-chin binh ca Kofukuji lin kt vi
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Bc thm dn xung h Sarusawa.Nara, kinh c nh u tin ca NhtBn, l s biu hin r nt ca tinhthn dn tc Nht, kt hp hi hagia tn gio c truyn Thn o vimt tn gio mi du nhp theo ngTrung Hoa-Triu Tin. D ch gi vai trkinh trong mt thi gian ngn (t710 ti 784), nhng g Nara c c smi tr thnh mt phn quan trng cann vn minh nhn lai.Tp HCM, thng 11/2005ThS. KTS. L Th Dn

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01-03-2008, 03:23 PM#5

ZenG| ha nhan i ngn | for more nf click [Only Registered Users Can See
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Tham gia ngy: Sep 2006Ni : in-between the world

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