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1
PP
PL
/C-M
od
Colla
bora
tion
Presen
ted to
the C
-Mo
d P
rog
ram A
dv
isory
Co
mm
ittee
Feb
ruary
23-2
5, 2
004
Gerd
Sch
illing
2
Overv
iew - C
-Mod
research
sched
ule,
with
PP
PL
foci a
nd
particip
atio
n in
red
3
Ad
van
ced T
ok
am
ak
Recen
t Hig
hlig
hts
LH
CD
lau
nch
er dev
elop
men
t
•A
chiev
emen
t of A
dvan
ced T
okam
ak reg
imes req
uires an
off-ax
is driv
en cu
rrent,
which
togeth
er with
hig
h o
n-ax
is ICR
F h
eating p
ow
er should
enab
le access and
explo
itation o
f these reg
imes.
•B
ringin
g o
ur ex
perien
ce from
LH
heatin
g an
d cu
rrent
driv
e on P
LT
and P
BX
, PP
PL
has d
esigned
and fab
ricated
a Low
er Hybrid
launch
er in co
llaboratio
n w
ith C
-Mod.
First M
SE
mea
surem
ents
•Im
pro
vem
ents to
the M
SE
diag
nostic h
ave resu
lted in
initial m
agnetic p
itch an
gle
measu
remen
ts. Glass len
s and m
irror m
ounts h
ad b
een red
esigned
to w
ithstan
ddisru
ptio
n-in
duced
shock
s, metallic m
irrors w
ere fabricated
as back
up, an
d ex
tensiv
ecalib
rations an
d an
alysis are n
ow
in p
rogress.
ITB
disch
arg
es
•W
e hav
e contin
ued
to p
articipate in
the p
roductio
n, m
easurem
ents, an
d m
odelin
g o
fIn
ternal T
ransp
ort B
arriers induced
thro
ugh o
ff-axis IC
RF
heatin
g.
4
Pro
posed
Ad
van
ced T
ok
am
ak
Resea
rch
Ach
ieve A
T p
ara
meters
•M
odify
curren
t pro
file with
off-ax
is LH
CD
.
•M
odify
pressu
re pro
file with
hig
h p
ow
er ICR
F.
•D
etermin
e effect on tran
sport an
d stab
ility.
•P
roduce, m
easure an
d m
odel IC
RF
-induced
ITB
’s.
Determ
ine cu
rrent p
rofile w
ith M
SE
mea
surem
ents
•C
ontin
ue to
impro
ve M
SE
optics an
d b
eam.
•P
articipate in
the an
alysis an
d p
hysics o
f curren
t pro
file modificatio
n.
Con
tinu
e to stu
dy In
ternal T
ran
sport B
arrier d
ischarg
es
•E
xten
d th
e diag
nosis an
d m
odelin
g o
f ITB
disch
arges.
Inp
ut to
:
IPP
A 3
.1 - stead
y state, IP
PA
3.2
- hig
h p
erform
ance
ITP
A - stead
y state n
on-in
ductiv
e CD
, steady state an
d en
ergetic p
articles
ITP
A - tran
sport &
ITB
, ITB
operatio
n w
ith n
o ex
ternal m
om
entu
m in
put
5
Bu
rnin
g P
lasm
a R
ecent H
igh
ligh
ts
Initia
l single-n
ull/d
ou
ble-n
ull stu
dies
•C
om
pariso
n o
f single-n
ull w
ith d
ouble-n
ull d
iverted
disch
arges is in
pro
gress w
ithen
thusiastic p
articipatio
n b
y F
IRE
.
Inp
ut to
:
IPP
A 3
.2 - h
igh p
erform
ance, IP
PA
3.3
- burn
ing p
lasma
6
Pro
posed
Bu
rnin
g P
lasm
a R
esearch
Com
pare sin
gle-n
ull w
ith d
ou
ble-n
ull d
iverted
disch
arg
es
•S
tudy sin
gle-n
ull d
iverted
disch
arges fo
r ITE
R.
•S
tudy d
ouble-n
ull d
iverted
disch
arges fo
r FIR
E.
ICR
F h
eatin
g a
t hig
h p
ow
er levels
•E
xten
d IC
RF
heatin
g p
ow
er above 5
MW
.
Tra
nsp
ort stu
dies
•C
onfin
emen
t scaling o
f H-m
ode w
ith S
N/D
N an
d h
igh trian
gularity
.
•S
imilarity
disch
arge stu
dies.
•T
ransp
ort scalin
g in
ITB
s.
•R
otatio
n w
ith n
o m
om
entu
m in
put.
•P
article transp
ort (p
eaked
den
sity p
rofiles - fu
el mix
optim
ization).
Div
ertor a
nd
pla
sma b
ou
nd
ary
•Im
pact o
f SN
/DN
config
uratio
n o
n E
LM
s.
7
Tra
nsp
ort R
ecent H
igh
ligh
ts
Marg
inal sta
bility
an
d tu
rbu
lence
•T
emperatu
re grad
ients m
easured
on C
-Mod ex
ceed th
e estimates o
f the th
eoretical
critical grad
ient fo
r ion-tem
peratu
re-grad
ient (IT
G) m
odes.
•N
onlin
ear simulatio
ns u
sing th
e gyro
kin
etic code G
S2
show
that th
e the d
iscrepan
cy can
be u
ndersto
od as a
substan
tial nonlin
ear upsh
ift (Dim
its shift) in
the
‘effective’ critical g
radien
t due to
stabilizatio
n o
f ITG
modes b
y zo
nal flo
ws.
•S
imulatio
ns h
ave b
een ex
tended
to h
igher w
aven
um
bers
and fin
er resolu
tion, w
ith little ch
ange in
outco
me.
ITB
mod
eling
•L
inear an
d n
onlin
ear calculatio
ns o
f gyro
kin
etic micro
turb
ulen
ce hav
e been
carried o
ut
usin
g th
e GS
2 co
de at th
e trigger tim
e for fo
rmatio
n o
f the IT
B.
•T
he sim
ulatio
ns in
dicate th
at ITG
modes are u
nstab
le outsid
e the co
re plasm
a, that o
nly
weak
instab
ilities are presen
t in th
e plasm
a core, an
d th
at in th
e barrier reg
ion th
ein
stabilities are q
uiescen
t at the trig
ger tim
e.
0 5 10 15 20 25
45
67
Conducted power (MW)
R/L
T
IFS
-PP
PL
model
Nonlinear G
S2 sim
ulationsMeasured R/L
Te
Pheat
Lower ν
e & ν
i
Lower ν
i
Standard
collisionality
C-M
od ED
A H
-mode
rmid =
0.56a
Kinetic electrons and ions
8
Pro
posed
Tra
nsp
ort R
esearch
Marg
inal sta
bility
an
d tu
rbu
lence
•C
ontin
ue to
upgrad
e the reflecto
meter d
iagnostic, su
pport o
peratio
n, an
d m
easure
turb
ulen
t fluctu
ations.
•P
erform
detailed
com
pariso
ns o
f data fro
m all th
e C-M
od flu
ctuatio
n d
iagnostics w
ithnonlin
ear gyro
kin
etic simulatio
ns u
sing G
S2 an
d G
YR
O.
Electro
n tra
nsp
ort
•M
easure electro
n g
radien
t scale length
to h
igh p
recision an
d co
mpare ex
perim
ental an
dth
eoretical d
epen
den
ces of th
e electron tem
peratu
re grad
ient o
n v
ariations o
f importan
tparam
eters such
as the q
pro
file.
ITB
mod
eling
•N
onlin
ear ITG
calculatio
ns w
ill be p
rocessed
with
the N
evin
s’ GK
V p
ost-p
rocesso
r, and
heat an
d p
article fluxes w
ill be co
mpared
with
transp
ort an
alysis fo
r off-ax
is ICR
F.
•In
itial GY
RO
code sim
ulatio
ns w
ill be ex
tended
and co
mpared
with
those fro
m G
S2.
Input to
:
IPP
A 1
.1 - tu
rbulen
ce and tran
sport
ITP
A - tran
sport &
ITB
, ped
estal and ed
ge, d
iverto
r and S
OL
ITP
A - co
nfin
emen
t scaling ex
perim
ents ex
tended
over b
road
er range
*,
*
9
Div
ertor a
nd
Pla
sma B
ou
nd
ary
Recen
t Hig
hlig
hts
Gas P
uff Im
agin
g ed
ge tu
rbu
lence v
isualiza
tion
•T
he G
PI d
iagnostic h
as been
used
to cap
ture
both
“snap
shots” an
d “m
ovies” o
f plasm
a edge
turb
ulen
ce.
•C
om
pariso
ns w
ith ed
ge tu
rbulen
ce simulatio
ns
hav
e been
perfo
rmed
- resistive b
alloonin
g
mode is d
om
inan
t linear in
stability
.
Ed
ge n
eutra
ls mod
eling
•T
he ex
tensiv
e C-M
od d
iagnostics h
ave p
ermitted
the d
evelo
pm
ent o
f simple m
odels o
f
plasm
a variatio
n in
the S
OL
and d
iverto
r.
•A
s a result, th
e neu
tral gas b
ehav
ior can
be ex
amin
ed b
y a stan
d-alo
ne co
de su
ch as th
e
DE
GA
S 2
Monte C
arlo n
eutral tran
sport co
de.
10
Pro
posed
Div
ertor a
nd
Pla
sma B
ou
nd
ary
Resea
rch
Ed
ge tu
rbu
lence v
isualiza
tion
•E
xplo
re edge tu
rbulen
ce beh
avio
r under a w
ide v
ariety o
f conditio
ns u
sing an
impro
ved
ultra-fast cam
era with
>10 tim
es the fram
e capacity
(PS
I-5 cam
era).
•M
ake d
etailed q
uan
titative co
mpariso
ns b
etween
the tu
rbulen
ce measu
remen
ts and
theo
retical simulatio
n.
•E
xten
d 2
-D im
agin
g n
ear the in
ner S
OL
and n
ear the X
-poin
t.
•P
erform
2-D
imag
ing w
ith tw
o w
avelen
gth
s for n
e /Te m
easurem
ents.
•E
xten
d k
-spectru
m ran
ge to
hig
her an
d/o
r low
er k.
Ed
ge tu
rbu
lence co
ntro
l
•E
dge m
inority
heatin
g ex
perim
ent fo
r H-m
ode co
ntro
l.
Ed
ge n
eutra
ls mod
eling
•R
epresen
t C-M
od v
acuum
vessel an
d su
b-d
iverto
r by an
axisy
mm
etric object w
ith lo
calasy
mm
etries.
•E
xten
d D
EG
AS
2 co
de to
treat asym
metric o
bjects an
d b
ench
mark
.
11
RF
(Wave-p
article) R
ecent H
igh
ligh
ts
Exp
erimen
t particip
atio
n
•A
ctive p
articipatio
n in
the D
(H) m
inority
heatin
g ex
perim
ents.
•A
ctive p
articipatio
n in
the M
ode C
onversio
n ex
perim
ents.
ICR
F m
od
eling
•M
ET
S-1
D all-o
rder k
inetic-w
ave so
lver h
as been
used
to ex
plo
re min
ority
heatin
g an
dm
ode co
nversio
n scen
arios.
•B
ench
mark
ing o
f the M
ET
S-1
D co
de an
d th
e TO
RIC
2D
code h
ave id
entified
regim
esin
which
increased
resolu
tion in
2D
was req
uired
to co
rrectly m
odel m
ode co
nversio
npro
cesses in C
-Mod.
•T
RA
NS
P tim
e-dep
enden
t transp
ort an
alysis co
de h
as been
used
to an
alyze IC
RF
heatin
g ex
perim
ents.
•A
Low
er Hybrid
pack
age, L
SC
, has b
een in
corp
orated
into
TR
AN
SP
and h
as been
used
to ex
plo
re main
tainin
g A
T d
ischarg
es with
LH
CD
.
Inp
ut to
:
IPP
A 1
.3 - w
ave-p
article interactio
ns, 4
.1 - p
lasma tech
nolo
gies
ITP
A - h
igh p
erform
ance w
ith T
eT
i
12
Pro
posed
RF
(Wave-p
article) R
esearch
Activ
e particip
atio
n in
ICR
F ex
perim
ents
•D
(3H
e) min
ority
heatin
g ex
perim
ents (P
PP
L ex
perien
ce from
PL
T ex
perim
ents).
•F
WC
D ex
perim
ents (P
PP
L ex
perien
ce from
TF
TR
experim
ents).
•M
CC
D ex
perim
ents (P
PP
L ex
perien
ce from
TF
TR
experim
ents).
•F
low
driv
e studies (P
PP
L ex
perien
ce from
TF
TR
experim
ents).
Low
er Hyb
rid w
ave p
hysics
•S
tudy L
H w
ave lau
nch
ing, p
ropag
ation, d
ampin
g an
d p
ow
er dep
ositio
n (P
PP
Lex
perien
ce from
PL
T, P
BX
-M ex
perim
ents).
Low
er Hyb
rid cu
rrent d
rive p
hysics
•S
tudy an
d d
etermin
e curren
t driv
e at desired
radial p
ositio
n in
plasm
a for A
T scen
arios
(PP
PL
experien
ce from
PL
T, P
BX
-M ex
perim
ents).
RF
mod
eling
•U
tilize the T
RA
NS
P/T
OR
IC/L
SC
code p
ackag
e to an
alyze th
e transp
ort p
roperties o
fth
e long-p
ulse A
T d
ischarg
es.
•M
odify
ME
TS
and T
OR
IC co
des to
inclu
de effects o
f non-M
axw
ellian sp
ecies on
wav
e pro
pag
ation an
d ab
sorp
tion (fu
nded
under th
e SciD
AC
initiativ
e).
13
Pro
posed
Glo
bal S
tab
ility (M
HD
) Resea
rch
Majo
r macro
stab
ility co
des su
pp
orted
by P
PP
L T
heo
ry D
epartm
ent
•T
SC
, JSO
LV
ER
, ES
C, P
IES
, M3D
, AM
RM
HD
, PE
ST
-I, PE
ST
-II, BA
LL
OO
N,
CA
MIN
O, P
ES
T-III, N
OV
A-K
, HIN
ST
, VA
CU
UM
.
Th
e ultim
ate g
oal o
f the P
PP
L T
heo
ry D
epartm
ent’s sta
bility
cod
es is to p
rovid
ep
redictiv
e cap
ab
ility to
ward
a b
urn
ing p
lasm
a
•H
elp to
understan
d M
HD
on C
-Mod.
•Im
portan
t to b
ench
mark
these co
des o
n ex
isting ex
perim
ents.
•S
trong in
terest on p
art of P
PP
L th
eorists fo
r ben
chm
arkin
g o
n C
-Mod.
Th
e follo
win
g stu
dies a
re especia
lly relev
an
t to C
-Mod
exp
erimen
ts:
•S
awto
oth
- energ
etic particle stab
ilization, co
uplin
g to
oth
er modes.
•B
eta limitin
g M
HD
modes - classical an
d n
eoclassical tearin
g m
odes, en
ergetic
particle m
odes.
•E
dge stab
ility an
d th
e beh
avio
r of E
LM
s - nonlin
ear physics d
etermin
ing E
LM
amplitu
de an
d p
eriod.
•P
hysics o
f disru
ptio
n - d
isruptio
n m
echan
isms an
d n
on-ax
isym
metric V
DE
halo
curren
ts.
•P
hysics o
f pellet fu
eling.
14
Facility
Recen
t Hig
hlig
hts - L
HC
D L
au
nch
er
Coupler
FWG
RWG
15
Pro
po
sed F
acility
Resea
rch
Activ
e PP
PL
particip
atio
n in
LH
CD
lau
nch
er insta
llatio
n a
nd
com
missio
nin
g
•C
heck
out an
d testin
g, v
acuum
prep
, installatio
n.
•R
F p
ow
er, contro
ls hookup.
•C
om
missio
nin
g.
•O
peratio
n.
Particip
ate in
desig
n, co
mm
ission
ing a
nd
op
eratio
n o
f LH
CD
lau
nch
er #2
Particip
ate in
desig
n, co
mm
ission
ing a
nd
op
eratio
n o
f ICR
F 4
-strap
an
tenn
a #
2
Particip
ate in
desig
n a
nd
com
missio
nin
g o
f tun
ab
le RF
cavities fo
r ICR
F tra
nsm
itters
#1 a
nd
#2
16
Bu
dg
ets (latest D
oE
gu
ida
nce)
FY
2004B
:S
cience:
$ 1
340k scien
ce particip
ation m
argin
al
Ops:
$ 4
60k stro
ng L
H rep
air + en
gin
eering su
pport
FIN
PL
AN
:$ 2
070k (- $
270k F
Y 2
003 o
verru
n d
ue to
LH
launch
er)
FY
2005B
:S
cience
$ 1
608k start to
raise science p
articipatio
n
Ops:
$ 2
42k start to
reduce L
H en
gin
eering su
pport
FIN
PL
AN
:$ 2
050k (- $
200k F
Y 2
003 o
verru
n d
ue to
LH
launch
er)
FY
2005I:
$ 2
00k resto
re research m
anpow
er to F
Y 2
002 lev
el
FY
2006B
:S
cience:
$ 1
800k scien
ce particip
ation +
support b
ack to
norm
al
Ops:
$ 2
50k still h
ave stro
ng L
H +
ICR
F su
pport
FIN
PL
AN
:$ 2
050k
FY
2006I:
$ 2
00k u
pgrad
e diag
nostics (M
SE
, GP
I, reflectom
eter)
17
Resea
rch M
an
pow
er (FY
2004-2
006)
FY
2004:
Scien
tific: 3.8
5 F
TE
s
Engin
eering:
1.9
5 F
TE
s
FY
2005:
Scien
tific:4.3
0 F
TE
s
Engin
eering:
1.5
0 F
TE
s
FY
2006:
Scien
tific:4.8
5 F
TE
s
Engin
eering:
1.2
0 F
TE
s
Additio
nal “free” research
support fro
m P
PP
L T
heo
ry, S
ciDA
C, F
IRE
, NS
TX
(this ru
n
campaig
n).
Prio
rity h
as b
een g
iven
to th
e Low
er Hyb
rid sy
stem sta
rtup
an
d ex
perim
ents.
Increm
enta
l bu
dgets fo
r Scien
ce + O
ps ca
n h
elp b
y a
llow
ing u
s to in
crease o
ur resea
rch
particip
atio
n o
n a
ll fron
ts.
18 P
PP
L w
ill con
tinu
e to co
ntrib
ute stro
ngly
to th
e C-M
od
pro
gra
m
PP
PL
an
ticipates a
ctive resea
rch p
articip
atio
n in
:
1.
AT
Ph
ysics
• LH
CD
curren
t driv
e, curren
t distrib
utio
n m
easurem
ent, IC
RF
heatin
g an
d cu
rrent
driv
e, modelin
g o
f transp
ort an
d stab
ility in
AT
regim
e.
2.
Bu
rnin
g P
lasm
a Issu
es
• Stu
dy sin
gle- an
d d
ouble-n
ull d
ischarg
es for IT
ER
and F
IRE
.
3.
Tra
nsp
ort
• Model m
argin
al stability
and tu
rbulen
ce, ITB
s; integ
rated m
odelin
g.
4.
Pla
sma B
ou
nd
ary
• Edge tu
rbulen
ce visu
alization an
d m
easurem
ent, ed
ge tu
rbulen
ce modificatio
n,
turb
ulen
ce and tran
sport m
odelin
g.
5.
RF
(Wave-p
article)
• Heatin
g ex
perim
ents, cu
rrent d
rive ex
perim
ents, w
ave p
hysics, R
F m
odelin
g.
6.
Glo
bal S
tab
ility (M
HD
)
• Ben
chm
ark P
PP
L stab
ility co
des ag
ainst C
-Mod ex
perim
ents, u
se to h
elp u
nderstan
dan
d d
esign ex
perim
ents.
7.
Facility
• ICR
F an
tenna im
pro
vem
ents/o
peratio
n, L
HC
D lau
nch
er fabricatio
n/o
peratio
n.