Geometric and Modeling of High-resolution Satellite Imagerieskmcenter.rid.go.th/kcdesign/dblog/wp-content/... · • Rigorous Parametric Model (Orbital Model) – For SPOT-5,ALOS,THEOS

Dr.Phisan Santitamnont 1Aug 2007 Dr.Phisan Santitamnont 1

Geometric and Modeling of High-resolution Satellite Imageries

Dr. Phisan SantitamnontSurvey Engineering, Chulalongkorn University

Dr.Phisan Santitamnont 2

Chronology

• 1960 The first remote sensing satellite• Cold War era, high-resolution satellite

imagery for surveillance and reconnaissance– 1960-1972 Corona Program – 800,000 images ,

12 years• 1970s Landsat Satellites

Dr.Phisan Santitamnont 3Dr.Phisan Santitamnont


Corona 1960s

Aug 2007 4


The US. Land Remote Sensing Policy Act of 1992

• Landsat program returned to government operation, mandated that its data be made available at cost

• provision for the licensing of commercially operated remote sensing satellites

• 1999 commercial IKONOS satellite launched


Chronology

• 2000s many commercial high-resolution launched

• 2005 Google Earth 3.0 becomes the major user of high-resolution satellite

• 2008 signed agreement with GeoEye-1 and prepare 2012 GeoEye-2 mission


Quickbird #0.61 m (2001)

GeoEye-1

#0.41 m (2008)

IKonos-2

#1 m (1999)

SPOT-5

#2.5 m (2003)

WorldView-1

#0.5 m (2008)

THEOS ธ�ออส#2 m (2008)


High-resolution Satellite Imageries

• 1999 : IKONOS Pan#1.0 m• 2001 : QuickBird Pan#0.61 m• 2002 : SPOT-5 Pan#2.5 m• 2006 : ALOS Pan#2.5 m• 2007 : WorldView-1 Pan#0.4 m• 2008 : THEOS Pan#2 m• 2008 : GeoEye-1 Pan#0.43 m• 2012: GeoEye-2 Pan# 0.25 m ??


Sensor Model• Rigorous Parametric Model (Orbital Model)

– For SPOT-5,ALOS,THEOS– perspective projection by frame e.g. aerial photography – Perspective projection line-by-line , push-broom,

moving single linear detector array on the focal plane• Replacement ( Rational Function Model : RFM)

– case : QuickBird,IKONOS– 3-D Rational function supplied with product– 3-D Rational function computed from GCPs


ราคาแผนท�จากภาพถ�ายดาวเท�ยมรายละเอ�ยดส�ง

1,000 Baht/Sq.KM 10,000 Baht/Sq.KM.+/50-100 m. +/-1..0.4 m.


ความส�มพ�นธ�ระหว�างพ�ก�ดอ�มเมจก�บพ�ก�ดว�ตถ�

Rational Function Model(cubic polynomials)

)3939~(:..,..,..,..

),,(:,,

),(::,

Zd Xd XYZd YZd XZd XYd Zd Yd Xd 1Zc Xc XYZc YZc XZc XYc Zc Yc Xc c

Zb Xb XYZb YZb XZb XYb Zb Yb Xb 1Za Xa XYZa YZa XZa XYa Za Ya Xa a

191190191190

319

287654321

319

2876543210

319

287654321

319

2876543210

+

+…++++++++++…+++++++++=

+…++++++++++…+++++++++=

polynomialcubictscoefficienfunctionrationalddccbbaa

elevationlongitudelatitudescoordinateobjectZYXcolumnlinescoordinateimageyx

y

x

pp

p

p


Normalized Rational Function


RPC Biases

• DigitalGlobe’s WorldView-1 Satellite: Increased Image Collection Opportunity, by Philip Cheng and Chuck Chaapel

...

...

0

0

+⋅⋅+⋅+⋅+=∆+⋅⋅+⋅+⋅+=∆

LineSampleBLineBSampleBBRLineSampleALineASampleAAP

SLLs

SLLs


WorldView-1 Sensor Refinementafter Cheng&Chaapel


Example RPC from IKONOSO F F S E T

LINE_OFF: +5540.00 pixelsSAMP_OFF: +5470.00 pixels

LAT_OFF: +18.74020004 degreesLONG_OFF: +98.94059753 degreesHEIGHT_OFF: +842.000 meters

S C A L E

LINE_SCALE: +6972.00 pixelsSAMP_SCALE: +7703.00 pixels

LAT_SCALE: +0.06040000 degreesLONG_SCALE: +0.05480000 degreesHEIGHT_SCALE: +600.000 meters


Example : IKONOS RPC - LineLINE_NUM_COEFF_1: +5.126440082676709E-04LINE_NUM_COEFF_2: +8.107643723487854E-01LINE_NUM_COEFF_3: -2.017990797758102E-01LINE_NUM_COEFF_4: -7.095409557223320E-03LINE_NUM_COEFF_5: +1.357850385829806E-03LINE_NUM_COEFF_6: -1.415262522641569E-05LINE_NUM_COEFF_7: -1.002094995783409E-05LINE_NUM_COEFF_8: -1.903933589346707E-04LINE_NUM_COEFF_9: -3.566308005247265E-04LINE_NUM_COEFF_10: +8.047554160839354E-07LINE_NUM_COEFF_11: +1.648443088697604E-07LINE_NUM_COEFF_12: -5.703462875317200E-07LINE_NUM_COEFF_13: +1.151551623479463E-05LINE_NUM_COEFF_14: -3.738494172011997E-07LINE_NUM_COEFF_15: +5.723961294279434E-06LINE_NUM_COEFF_16: -3.347716074131313E-06LINE_NUM_COEFF_17: +1.011000705375409E-07LINE_NUM_COEFF_18: -1.910687615236384E-06LINE_NUM_COEFF_19: -8.052054312202017E-08LINE_NUM_COEFF_20: +3.335755671685092E-09

LINE_DEN_COEFF_1: +1.000000000000000E+00LINE_DEN_COEFF_2: -2.402324898866937E-04LINE_DEN_COEFF_3: +1.970350043848157E-03LINE_DEN_COEFF_4: -9.962612530216575E-04LINE_DEN_COEFF_5: +6.829987796663772E-06LINE_DEN_COEFF_6: -2.126053459505783E-06LINE_DEN_COEFF_7: -2.352771389269037E-06LINE_DEN_COEFF_8: +3.301248625575681E-06LINE_DEN_COEFF_9: +2.234998464700766E-05LINE_DEN_COEFF_10: -3.700658339766960E-07LINE_DEN_COEFF_11: -6.862588719513951E-09LINE_DEN_COEFF_12: +1.931878212957372E-09LINE_DEN_COEFF_13: +2.601792781220524E-09LINE_DEN_COEFF_14: +1.781106817588807E-09LINE_DEN_COEFF_15: +1.046838615792467E-08LINE_DEN_COEFF_16: +1.526291271147784E-08LINE_DEN_COEFF_17: +4.082192639476290E-10LINE_DEN_COEFF_18: +2.580622604497762E-09LINE_DEN_COEFF_19: -2.583811742340458E-08LINE_DEN_COEFF_20: +2.116114783401457E-10


Example : IKONOS RPC - SampleSAMP_NUM_COEFF_1: -1.008798699331237E-05SAMP_NUM_COEFF_2: +1.578782796859741E-01SAMP_NUM_COEFF_3: +8.484598994255066E-01SAMP_NUM_COEFF_4: -6.666941102594137E-03SAMP_NUM_COEFF_5: +5.125267853145488E-05SAMP_NUM_COEFF_6: +5.131273610459175E-06SAMP_NUM_COEFF_7: -1.126090413890779E-03SAMP_NUM_COEFF_8: +1.051116050803103E-04SAMP_NUM_COEFF_9: +1.713753445073962E-03SAMP_NUM_COEFF_10: +7.220215138659114E-06SAMP_NUM_COEFF_11: -1.375646434098599E-06SAMP_NUM_COEFF_12: -1.728069918272013E-07SAMP_NUM_COEFF_13: +8.261971743195318E-06SAMP_NUM_COEFF_14: -1.224103698405088E-07SAMP_NUM_COEFF_15: +5.640218205371639E-06SAMP_NUM_COEFF_16: +2.094774754368700E-05SAMP_NUM_COEFF_17: +6.102967020638062E-09SAMP_NUM_COEFF_18: +2.125393166352296E-06SAMP_NUM_COEFF_19: -2.417262976450729E-06SAMP_NUM_COEFF_20: +4.360036220951713E-10

SAMP_DEN_COEFF_1: +1.000000000000000E+00SAMP_DEN_COEFF_2: -2.402324898866937E-04SAMP_DEN_COEFF_3: +1.970350043848157E-03SAMP_DEN_COEFF_4: -9.962612530216575E-04SAMP_DEN_COEFF_5: +6.829987796663772E-06SAMP_DEN_COEFF_6: -2.126053459505783E-06SAMP_DEN_COEFF_7: -2.352771389269037E-06SAMP_DEN_COEFF_8: +3.301248625575681E-06SAMP_DEN_COEFF_9: +2.234998464700766E-05SAMP_DEN_COEFF_10: -3.700658339766960E-07SAMP_DEN_COEFF_11: -6.862588719513951E-09SAMP_DEN_COEFF_12: +1.931878212957372E-09SAMP_DEN_COEFF_13: +2.601792781220524E-09SAMP_DEN_COEFF_14: +1.781106817588807E-09SAMP_DEN_COEFF_15: +1.046838615792467E-08SAMP_DEN_COEFF_16: +1.526291271147784E-08SAMP_DEN_COEFF_17: +4.082192639476290E-10SAMP_DEN_COEFF_18: +2.580622604497762E-09SAMP_DEN_COEFF_19: -2.583811742340458E-08SAMP_DEN_COEFF_20: +2.116114783401457E-10


Example with HypercubeReading IKONOS TIFF and RPC

line,sample, h φ, λ h = N+H ;H≡0 (assuming flat area)


IKONOS


Geo Product

• Most affordable but lowest positioning accuracy

• Not corrected for terrain distortions , RMSExy=50m CE90%

• No RPCs !!! Need to solve 39+39 unknowns , thus need 39 GCPs

• Cheap, 500-1,000 Baht per Sq.Km.


Geo Ortho KIT

• Geo imagery with Image Geometry Model (IGM) ‘terrain independent’ virtual sensor model RPC

• Allow generation of precise ortho using local DEM and GCPs

• Expensive ! 62-98 USD/sq.km.


GEOMETRIC PROCESSINGOF IKONOS GEO IMAGES WITH

DEMThierry Toutin

Natural Resources Canada, Canada Centre for Remote Sensing588 Booth Street, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0Y7

[email protected]


Test

• Geo Product with full-scene 100 sq.km.• Two GCPs dataset

– RMSE +-4 m from map– RMSE +-1 m from GPS capture


GCP RMSE=4m ; need 15-20 GCPsGCP RMSE=1m ; need 10 GCPs


QuickBird


QuickBird

• Basic Imagery Product– must order full-scene (US$ 6120)– Least processed , for later advanced processing– Including RPCs

• Ortho-ready Standard Product – Not include topography correction– can be ordered by sub-scene , B/W US$ 22 per

sq.km. (minimum 25 sq.km.)


QuickBird End-Product

Orthorectified Product– Orthorectified with GTOPO30 and resample

into a cartographic project– Positional accuracy of 23m (CE90%)– Serveral level of refinements with more

accurate DEM and GCP– Price ranges from US$40 to US$90 per sq.km.– Cannot be further orthorectified


Quickbird along-track viewing angle = -27.24/26.35

RPC Solution is dramatically improve starting with only one GCP!

ICP = Independent Check Point


Geometrical Processing of Quickbird High-Resolution Satellite Data

F.Volpe, Eurimage S.p.A., ROMA, [email protected]

• Two type of GCPs and Terrain tested with QB Basic Product

GCPs from 1:5,000 topo map # 0.3175 meter , DEM raster 10 meter posting RMSEz< 5 m. LE90% applied to QB over 150-840m relief

GCPs from GPS collected points RMSExy<1m. RMSEz<2m applied to QB over 13-125 m. relief


Geometrical Processing of Quickbird High-Resolution Satellite Data

F.VolpeEurimage S.p.A., ROMA, [email protected]

1

2


Processing with PCI


Processing Quickbird with PCIToutin’s model (Satellite Orbital

Modeling)

• Minimum 6 accurate GCPs


RPC processing with PCI

• Where GCPs is inadequate• Typical 1 to 4 GCPs are recommended• RPCs files are store outside the image file

– For QuickBird *.RBP– For IKONOS *_rpc.txt


Processing RPCs


Orthorectification


Influence of DEM Accuracy and Orthorectification

อ�ทธ�พลของความละเอ�ยดถ�กต�องของแบบจ�าลองระด�บ


แบบจ�าลองระด�บ (DEM in Thailand)

• MoAC Mapping Project : จากโครงการแผนท�#ฯของกระทรวงเกษตรและสหกรณ( (กรมพ�ฒนาท�#ด�น)– ระวางละ 2 x 2 ตร.กม (1,000 บาทต*อระวาง)– DEM GSD= 5 เมตร� σHor = 1 m ; σver = 2-4 m

• แบบจ�าลองระด�บ SRTM หร+อ DTED-2 (1:50,000)– DEM GSD =30 /90 เมตร� σHor = 20 m ; σver = 15 m


ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model (ASTER G-DEM)

• MITI/Japan ร*วมก�บ NASA/JPL• ใช� VNIR / ASTER Stereo (Band 3N/3B) #15

m• จะได� DEM ท�#วโลก ท�#ความระยะห*างจ�ดระด�บ 30 เมตร• ความละเอ�ยดถ�กต�องค*าระด�บ 7-10 เมตร• ให�ใช�ฟร�


เส�นช�!นความส�ง SRTM-3 (1:50,000) ก�บ LDD DEM/Ortho (1:4,000)

Using Dept. of Land Development ‘s DEM at scale 1:4,000

SRTM-3(1:50,000)

LDD DEM/Ortho1:4,000


ความคลาดเคล$อนของจ&ดภาพ Δr เน$องจากความส�งต(าของภ�ม)ประเทศ

Relief Displacement

∆H

HAGL

P

P′

O

O′

H

f

p′p

R

r′

H-∆H

r

∆r

O″

O′″


QB Supplemental Files


Product Levels

Ortho Kit


Sensor Model and Minimum GCPs


Virtual GCP 3D Registration

1,4000 LDD DEM

1:4,000 Ortho map Satellite Image


Field of ViewAerial Camera

VSSatellite Sensor

2-4 กม

600-800 km

2-4 กม

FOV

1-2°

FOV

75-90°

10-20 กม


DEM Accuracy (∆H), off-nadir (∆η)

η

Off-nadir

∆X

∆H

δ incident angle

and plan. Error(∆X)


Viewing Angle Versus Incident Angle

γ

ι


Planimetric accuracy on orthophoto results from DEM quality and

viewing angle

Documents

Geometric and Modeling of High-resolution Satellite Imagerieskmcenter.rid.go.th/kcdesign/dblog/wp-content/... · • Rigorous Parametric Model (Orbital Model) – For SPOT-5,ALOS,THEOS